Pub Date : 2022-05-23DOI: 10.1109/ELEKTRO53996.2022.9803610
Adam Skrvan, R. Hudec, S. Matuska
In the current pandemic time, one of the important parameters for assessing the health status of a patient with COVID 19 is level of blood oxygenation. The aim of our work is devoted to the development and construction of a pulse Oximeter based on MAX ICs. The initial pulse oxymetry studies were concerned with issues such as device size and power efficiency. Reduced power consumption and size are the major causes of our progress. We picked low-power electronic components to reduce power consumption. We used a diode field with two green, one red, one infrared, and two photodiodes as a light source and detector. A high-speed four-channel AD converter converts the signal from analog to digital. The signal is smoothed using an average filter in the algorithm. We found peaks that can be utilized to determine heart rate after smoothing the signal. The blood Oximeter level is calculated by processing the amplitude of red and infrared signals collected by a photodetector. Test algorithms were performed on the Arduino platform. The output of the device are values of blood oxygenation and heart rate.
{"title":"Design of a cheap pulse Oximeter for home care systems","authors":"Adam Skrvan, R. Hudec, S. Matuska","doi":"10.1109/ELEKTRO53996.2022.9803610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELEKTRO53996.2022.9803610","url":null,"abstract":"In the current pandemic time, one of the important parameters for assessing the health status of a patient with COVID 19 is level of blood oxygenation. The aim of our work is devoted to the development and construction of a pulse Oximeter based on MAX ICs. The initial pulse oxymetry studies were concerned with issues such as device size and power efficiency. Reduced power consumption and size are the major causes of our progress. We picked low-power electronic components to reduce power consumption. We used a diode field with two green, one red, one infrared, and two photodiodes as a light source and detector. A high-speed four-channel AD converter converts the signal from analog to digital. The signal is smoothed using an average filter in the algorithm. We found peaks that can be utilized to determine heart rate after smoothing the signal. The blood Oximeter level is calculated by processing the amplitude of red and infrared signals collected by a photodetector. Test algorithms were performed on the Arduino platform. The output of the device are values of blood oxygenation and heart rate.","PeriodicalId":396752,"journal":{"name":"2022 ELEKTRO (ELEKTRO)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115822197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-23DOI: 10.1109/elektro53996.2022.9803583
O. Gorjani, P. Bilik, J. Koziorek
This study takes a look and investigates the application of logistical regression to recognize multiple predefined human activities performed by a single test subject within smart home environment. Two Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) devices were used as wearable gadgets to collect movement data from the test subjects. Test subject worn these devices on their right wrist and ankle. The obtained data are combined room air quality data (Humidity, CO2, temperature) measured using KNX smart home technology. The research is beneficial to provide detailed report about activity levels and well-being of the smart home residence and create a smart home environment that adjust automatically to its residence requirements. The obtained results showed very high classification accuracy (97.8% in average).
{"title":"Activity recognition within smart homes using logistic regression","authors":"O. Gorjani, P. Bilik, J. Koziorek","doi":"10.1109/elektro53996.2022.9803583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/elektro53996.2022.9803583","url":null,"abstract":"This study takes a look and investigates the application of logistical regression to recognize multiple predefined human activities performed by a single test subject within smart home environment. Two Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) devices were used as wearable gadgets to collect movement data from the test subjects. Test subject worn these devices on their right wrist and ankle. The obtained data are combined room air quality data (Humidity, CO2, temperature) measured using KNX smart home technology. The research is beneficial to provide detailed report about activity levels and well-being of the smart home residence and create a smart home environment that adjust automatically to its residence requirements. The obtained results showed very high classification accuracy (97.8% in average).","PeriodicalId":396752,"journal":{"name":"2022 ELEKTRO (ELEKTRO)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116897704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-23DOI: 10.1109/ELEKTRO53996.2022.9803632
M. Furmanik, M. Vidlak, P. Rafajdus
The paper deals with the control of harmonics in a phase current for a six-phase permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM). The machine has two sets of three-phase windings with 30° displacement (asymmetrical six-phase machine). The comparison of the vector space decomposition (VSD) method utilized in various field-oriented control structures is proposed. A simplified version of the VSD approach is included for the reduction of computation time in embedded applications. The behavior of the proposed control techniques is experimentally verified in a 1 kW, 6-phase PMSM electric drive.
{"title":"Current Harmonics Control in Six-Phase PMSM","authors":"M. Furmanik, M. Vidlak, P. Rafajdus","doi":"10.1109/ELEKTRO53996.2022.9803632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELEKTRO53996.2022.9803632","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with the control of harmonics in a phase current for a six-phase permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM). The machine has two sets of three-phase windings with 30° displacement (asymmetrical six-phase machine). The comparison of the vector space decomposition (VSD) method utilized in various field-oriented control structures is proposed. A simplified version of the VSD approach is included for the reduction of computation time in embedded applications. The behavior of the proposed control techniques is experimentally verified in a 1 kW, 6-phase PMSM electric drive.","PeriodicalId":396752,"journal":{"name":"2022 ELEKTRO (ELEKTRO)","volume":"510 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120881454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-23DOI: 10.1109/elektro53996.2022.9803413
Robert Plsicík, J. Šedo
This paper aims to document the design of a general algorithm for the intelligent safety system for motorcycles and, last but not least, the construction of a prototype that will create an environment suitable for the final implementation and tuning of the universal algorithm The prototype consists of an IoT Kit with ARM M3+ microcontroller, the GPS module for evaluation of change of position the vehicle, for communication between safety prototype is used GSM and Bluetooth module. The article consists of the description of the function and design of the Android application, which is a GUI for Bluetooth communication between a smartphone and the safety prototype. The topic is important for increasing the safety of single-track vehicles because their properties like weight and absence of body create positive preconditions for theft or damaged by overturning.
{"title":"Smart Security Systems for motorbikes","authors":"Robert Plsicík, J. Šedo","doi":"10.1109/elektro53996.2022.9803413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/elektro53996.2022.9803413","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to document the design of a general algorithm for the intelligent safety system for motorcycles and, last but not least, the construction of a prototype that will create an environment suitable for the final implementation and tuning of the universal algorithm The prototype consists of an IoT Kit with ARM M3+ microcontroller, the GPS module for evaluation of change of position the vehicle, for communication between safety prototype is used GSM and Bluetooth module. The article consists of the description of the function and design of the Android application, which is a GUI for Bluetooth communication between a smartphone and the safety prototype. The topic is important for increasing the safety of single-track vehicles because their properties like weight and absence of body create positive preconditions for theft or damaged by overturning.","PeriodicalId":396752,"journal":{"name":"2022 ELEKTRO (ELEKTRO)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129991489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-23DOI: 10.1109/ELEKTRO53996.2022.9803563
P. Kasak, R. Jarina
We present an evaluation of single-channel blind audio source separation (BASS) algorithms for different musical instrument combinations, based on statistical approach. So-called primitive BASS algorithms were chosen, because of their low computational latency and similarity to human hearing principles. The most common musical instruments (drums, guitars, vocals) were combined with each other, and segregate subsequently by 4 different blind audio source separation techniques. 25-second samples from 30 songs of various genres were used to preserve natural diversity. The main difference in our approach lies in the evaluation of average deviations from ground truth, instead of evaluating absolute values of signal-to-distortion ratio.
{"title":"Evaluation of blind source separation algorithms applied to music signals","authors":"P. Kasak, R. Jarina","doi":"10.1109/ELEKTRO53996.2022.9803563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELEKTRO53996.2022.9803563","url":null,"abstract":"We present an evaluation of single-channel blind audio source separation (BASS) algorithms for different musical instrument combinations, based on statistical approach. So-called primitive BASS algorithms were chosen, because of their low computational latency and similarity to human hearing principles. The most common musical instruments (drums, guitars, vocals) were combined with each other, and segregate subsequently by 4 different blind audio source separation techniques. 25-second samples from 30 songs of various genres were used to preserve natural diversity. The main difference in our approach lies in the evaluation of average deviations from ground truth, instead of evaluating absolute values of signal-to-distortion ratio.","PeriodicalId":396752,"journal":{"name":"2022 ELEKTRO (ELEKTRO)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130569943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-23DOI: 10.1109/ELEKTRO53996.2022.9803725
M. Polášek, M. Danko
The presented article presents the parameters of batteries used in electric cars. Measurements were performed for different types of batteries. The process of charging and subsequent discharging of these batteries took place. Different types of loads were used to discharge the batteries to find the smallest possible load current, which identifies the faults of the battery grid.
{"title":"Testing of batteries used in electric cars","authors":"M. Polášek, M. Danko","doi":"10.1109/ELEKTRO53996.2022.9803725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELEKTRO53996.2022.9803725","url":null,"abstract":"The presented article presents the parameters of batteries used in electric cars. Measurements were performed for different types of batteries. The process of charging and subsequent discharging of these batteries took place. Different types of loads were used to discharge the batteries to find the smallest possible load current, which identifies the faults of the battery grid.","PeriodicalId":396752,"journal":{"name":"2022 ELEKTRO (ELEKTRO)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131755840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-23DOI: 10.1109/ELEKTRO53996.2022.9803742
T. Mizera, D. Pudiš, A. Kuzma, P. Gašo, P. Micek, D. Seyringer
Due to the increasing trend of photonic element miniaturisation and the need for optical splitting, we propose and simulate a new type of three-dimensional (3D) optical splitter based on multimode interference (MMI) for the wavelength of 1550 nm. We present various designs and simulations of various parameters for the optimized MMI splitter. We focus on the possibility of its integration on an optical fiber. The design is focused on a possible production process using 3D laser lithography for the prepared experiments. The MMI splitter was prepared by laser lithography using direct writing process and finally investigated by output characterisation by the near-field measurement.
{"title":"New concept of 3D MMI splitters based on polymer","authors":"T. Mizera, D. Pudiš, A. Kuzma, P. Gašo, P. Micek, D. Seyringer","doi":"10.1109/ELEKTRO53996.2022.9803742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELEKTRO53996.2022.9803742","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the increasing trend of photonic element miniaturisation and the need for optical splitting, we propose and simulate a new type of three-dimensional (3D) optical splitter based on multimode interference (MMI) for the wavelength of 1550 nm. We present various designs and simulations of various parameters for the optimized MMI splitter. We focus on the possibility of its integration on an optical fiber. The design is focused on a possible production process using 3D laser lithography for the prepared experiments. The MMI splitter was prepared by laser lithography using direct writing process and finally investigated by output characterisation by the near-field measurement.","PeriodicalId":396752,"journal":{"name":"2022 ELEKTRO (ELEKTRO)","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116696727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-23DOI: 10.1109/ELEKTRO53996.2022.9803538
D. Perepelkin, Minh-Chanh Pham
In this paper, an algorithm for planning and distribution heterogeneous resources in a stochastic system with ordered sets of tasks is proposed. Processing resources and memory resources are considered. The algorithm is based on the GERT-network model with a new parameter – a random variable of resource. A system consisting of many parallel processes is described in the model. Each process includes multiple tasks. By finding the start and end times of a pair of tasks it is possible to determine whether one task can start when another has finished. If the probability is satisfied for a given value, then that pair of tasks can be performed by the same processing resource unit. The ordered set of multiple sequential tasks is the desired outcome. Each set comes with a probability of completing all the tasks in the set with only one processing resource unit. The fewer the number of sets, the more resources are saved. However, it is necessary to consider the probability of the set. Accepting a certain level of risk can save a corresponding number of resources. To support the computation process, an algorithm to find the distribution laws of any arc in the GERT-network has been introduced. It speeds up the computation and allows selected arc located on the loop. Assuming that the memory resources are released as soon as the task is complete, the total memory resources for the system are recalculated. An example of the analysis process, planning and distribution resources in network devices is given.
{"title":"Planning and Distribution Algorithm of Heterogeneous Resources in Industrial Telecommunication Networks with Ordered Sets of Tasks","authors":"D. Perepelkin, Minh-Chanh Pham","doi":"10.1109/ELEKTRO53996.2022.9803538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELEKTRO53996.2022.9803538","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, an algorithm for planning and distribution heterogeneous resources in a stochastic system with ordered sets of tasks is proposed. Processing resources and memory resources are considered. The algorithm is based on the GERT-network model with a new parameter – a random variable of resource. A system consisting of many parallel processes is described in the model. Each process includes multiple tasks. By finding the start and end times of a pair of tasks it is possible to determine whether one task can start when another has finished. If the probability is satisfied for a given value, then that pair of tasks can be performed by the same processing resource unit. The ordered set of multiple sequential tasks is the desired outcome. Each set comes with a probability of completing all the tasks in the set with only one processing resource unit. The fewer the number of sets, the more resources are saved. However, it is necessary to consider the probability of the set. Accepting a certain level of risk can save a corresponding number of resources. To support the computation process, an algorithm to find the distribution laws of any arc in the GERT-network has been introduced. It speeds up the computation and allows selected arc located on the loop. Assuming that the memory resources are released as soon as the task is complete, the total memory resources for the system are recalculated. An example of the analysis process, planning and distribution resources in network devices is given.","PeriodicalId":396752,"journal":{"name":"2022 ELEKTRO (ELEKTRO)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131627347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-23DOI: 10.1109/ELEKTRO53996.2022.9803054
J. Ďurišová, P. Micek, D. Pudiš
This paper deals with the theoretical study of metal dielectric structure with two-dimensional surface grating as an optical sensor for medical applications for sucrose solutions detection. In the proposed structure, a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) response of the plasmonic structure in a spectral range of 556.3 nm – 558.6 nm with a sensitivity from 112.5 nm/RIU to 235 nm/RIU was revealed.
{"title":"Metal-dielectric structure with 2D surface grating for refractive index sensor","authors":"J. Ďurišová, P. Micek, D. Pudiš","doi":"10.1109/ELEKTRO53996.2022.9803054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELEKTRO53996.2022.9803054","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the theoretical study of metal dielectric structure with two-dimensional surface grating as an optical sensor for medical applications for sucrose solutions detection. In the proposed structure, a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) response of the plasmonic structure in a spectral range of 556.3 nm – 558.6 nm with a sensitivity from 112.5 nm/RIU to 235 nm/RIU was revealed.","PeriodicalId":396752,"journal":{"name":"2022 ELEKTRO (ELEKTRO)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129075406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-23DOI: 10.1109/ELEKTRO53996.2022.9803466
Luca Rodio, V. Schena, M. Grande, G. Calò, A. D’orazio
Photonics, which is widely used for terrestrial telecommunication applications, represents a disruptive technology for the future Satellite Communication (SATCOM) scenarios, allowing to reduce the payload system complexity. Several payload subsystems can be implemented in the optical domain instead of in the electrical one. Among them, this paper investigates the microwave-photonic Radio Frequency (RF) signal mixing for frequency conversion. A configuration scheme of a photonic RF mixer based on a dual port Mach-Zehnder Modulator (MZM) and two photonic local oscillators, used as RF down-converter, is presented and its performance is evaluated in the specific case of a binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) signal down conversion.
{"title":"Photonic multi-frequency down conversion in hybrid microwave-photonic SATCOM payload","authors":"Luca Rodio, V. Schena, M. Grande, G. Calò, A. D’orazio","doi":"10.1109/ELEKTRO53996.2022.9803466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELEKTRO53996.2022.9803466","url":null,"abstract":"Photonics, which is widely used for terrestrial telecommunication applications, represents a disruptive technology for the future Satellite Communication (SATCOM) scenarios, allowing to reduce the payload system complexity. Several payload subsystems can be implemented in the optical domain instead of in the electrical one. Among them, this paper investigates the microwave-photonic Radio Frequency (RF) signal mixing for frequency conversion. A configuration scheme of a photonic RF mixer based on a dual port Mach-Zehnder Modulator (MZM) and two photonic local oscillators, used as RF down-converter, is presented and its performance is evaluated in the specific case of a binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) signal down conversion.","PeriodicalId":396752,"journal":{"name":"2022 ELEKTRO (ELEKTRO)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116638313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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