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NISO plus 2022 Miles Conrad lecture: The role of a library in a world of unstructured data NISO + 2022迈尔斯·康拉德讲座:图书馆在非结构化数据世界中的角色
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-09-14 DOI: 10.3233/isu-220165
P. Brennan
Throughout its nearly two-hundred-year existence, the National Library of Medicine (NLM) (https://www.nlm.nih.gov/) has advanced biomedicine and public health by acquiring, organizing, preserving, and disseminating knowledge essential to health and medicine. NLM has devised many innovations to support this, including standard terminologies and messaging formats such as the Journal Article Tag Suite (https://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/) to organize and manage biomedical literature. While scientific communication largely relied on books and journals over the last two hundred years, digital data are quickly forming the substrate of scientific communications. Data come in forms with much less structure than that afforded by publications, and these can vary from observations made during carefully controlled clinical trials to streams of genomic sequences to the counts of footfalls captured by personal devices. Coincidently, an increasingly diverse set of users – from clinicians to laypeople to public health to big pharma to scientists – bring unique perspectives as they draw meaning from new sets of scientific output. How does a modern library meet its mission to acquire, organize, preserve, and disseminate the many outputs of contemporary science? What role do standards play? How does NLM help this diverse set of stakeholders derive meaning from its resources?
在其近200年的历史中,国家医学图书馆(NLM) (https://www.nlm.nih.gov/)通过获取、组织、保存和传播对健康和医学至关重要的知识,推动了生物医学和公共卫生的发展。NLM设计了许多创新来支持这一点,包括标准术语和消息格式,如期刊文章标签套件(https://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/)来组织和管理生物医学文献。在过去的200年里,科学传播主要依赖于书籍和期刊,而数字数据正在迅速形成科学传播的基础。数据的形式比出版物提供的结构要少得多,这些数据可以是在精心控制的临床试验中观察到的,也可以是基因组序列流,也可以是个人设备捕捉到的足迹计数。巧合的是,越来越多样化的用户群体——从临床医生到外行人,从公共卫生到大型制药公司到科学家——在从新的科学成果中获取意义时带来了独特的视角。现代图书馆如何完成其使命,获取、组织、保存和传播当代科学的许多成果?标准扮演什么角色?NLM如何帮助这些不同的利益相关者从其资源中获得意义?
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引用次数: 0
FRAME: Federating Repositories of Accessible Materials for Higher Education A new collaborative framework 框架:高等教育可访问材料的联合资源库一个新的协作框架
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-09-14 DOI: 10.3233/isu-220166
B. Kasdorf
Most colleges and universities offer services at their institution for students with disabilities who cannot properly utilize the standard available resources. Often the student needing the remediated resource does not obtain it until the semester is up and running, putting them significantly behind the other students in the course. This paper discusses a multi-institutional project at the University of Virginia that was established to address this problem. With a two-year grant from The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, the University initiated an effort to create a web-based infrastructure allowing Disability Service Officers to share remediated texts, in order to reduce their nationwide duplication of effort, and thereby make it possible for the staff in these offices to achieve better outcomes for students in higher education.
大多数学院和大学在他们的机构中为不能正确利用标准可用资源的残疾学生提供服务。通常,需要补救资源的学生直到学期开始才获得补救资源,这使得他们在课程中远远落后于其他学生。本文讨论了弗吉尼亚大学的一个多机构项目,该项目是为了解决这个问题而建立的。在安德鲁·w·梅隆基金会(Andrew W. Mellon Foundation)为期两年的资助下,该大学发起了一项努力,旨在创建一个基于网络的基础设施,使残疾服务官员能够共享经过修改的文本,以减少他们在全国范围内的重复工作,从而使这些办公室的工作人员能够为学生在高等教育中取得更好的成果。
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引用次数: 0
Time is a thief of memory 时间偷走了记忆
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.3233/isu-220163
A. Wise
This paper is based upon a presentation during the session ‘The Version of Record under Attack! The Dark Side of the Scholarly Publishing Universe’ at the 17th APE Conference. It discusses the complex challenges of long-term digital preservation and how CLOCKSS is collaborating with publishers, libraries, and other stakeholders to preserve digital scholarship over the coming centuries.
这篇论文是基于“受到攻击的记录版本!”学术出版宇宙的阴暗面”,第17届APE会议。它讨论了长期数字保存的复杂挑战,以及CLOCKSS如何与出版商、图书馆和其他利益相关者合作,在未来几个世纪保存数字学术。
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引用次数: 0
The version of record as a central organizing concept in scholarly publishing 作为学术出版中心组织概念的记录版本
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.3233/isu-220164
L. Hinchliffe
The “version of record” is an organizing concept in scholarly publishing. It is by reference to that version that others are understood and it is the object of financial models, policies, and recognition and reward systems. At the same time, many of the core functions of academic publishing – in particular, registration and dissemination – are decoupling from the version of record. Scholarly publishers are also expanding their remit to encompass other article versions, as well as other research outputs, and efforts to systematically link together and track these into a “record of versions” are growing.
“著录版本”是学术出版中的一个组织概念。正是通过参照这一版本,人们才能理解其他人,它也是金融模型、政策、认可和奖励系统的目标。与此同时,学术出版的许多核心功能——特别是注册和传播——正在与记录版本脱钩。学术出版商也在扩大他们的职权范围,以涵盖其他文章版本以及其他研究成果,并且越来越多地将这些版本系统地联系在一起并跟踪到“版本记录”中。
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引用次数: 2
Summary report APE 2022 The future of the permanent record 总结报告APE 2022对未来的永久记录
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-29 DOI: 10.3233/isu-220162
Maaike Duine
This paper summarizes the 17th Academic Publishing in Europe (APE) Conference: The Future of the Permanent Record, held online from 11 until 13 January, 2022, and organized by the Berlin Institute of Scholarly Publishing (BISP), a not-for-profit organization dedicated to bringing publishers, researchers, funders and policymakers together. The conference consisted of keynote speeches, presentations, and panel discussions on a variety of scholarly communication topics. Main themes were the value of the Version of Record and how to preserve quality and trust in the scholarly record. Collaboration across all stakeholders and high-quality metadata are key, especially when looking at the future where a “record of versions” could exist, connecting all research outputs. Other conference topics involved the threat of paper mills, research integrity and the importance of digital preservation. To ensure trustworthy and high-quality publications, knowledge exchange and cooperation are crucial. Effective partnerships and a multi-perspective approach are key in fostering inclusion, diversity and equity in scholarly communication too. Several speakers stressed the important role publishers play in moving towards an inclusive and trusted Open Science ecosystem, in which data sharing is accelerated and quality assurance and control are implemented across the entire research cycle. To achieve this, new ways of working and new business models need to be developed, and entrepreneurship and innovation encouraged. The 17th APE ended with a session in which five startups showcased their innovative products to advance science.
本文总结了第17届欧洲学术出版(APE)会议:永久记录的未来,该会议于2022年1月11日至13日在线举行,由柏林学术出版研究所(BISP)组织,这是一个致力于将出版商,研究人员,资助者和政策制定者聚集在一起的非营利组织。会议包括主题演讲、报告和小组讨论,讨论各种学术交流主题。会议的主要议题是《实录》的价值以及如何保持学术记录的质量和可信度。所有利益相关者之间的协作和高质量的元数据是关键,特别是当展望未来可能存在的“版本记录”,连接所有研究成果时。会议的其他主题包括造纸厂的威胁、研究的完整性和数字保存的重要性。为确保出版物的可靠性和高质量,知识交流与合作至关重要。有效的伙伴关系和多角度的方法也是促进学术交流的包容性、多样性和公平性的关键。几位发言者强调了出版商在迈向包容性和可信赖的开放科学生态系统方面发挥的重要作用,在这个生态系统中,数据共享得到加速,质量保证和控制在整个研究周期中得到实施。要发展新业态、新业态,鼓励创业创新。第17届APE以5家创业公司展示其创新产品的环节结束。
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引用次数: 0
The APE lecture: Life in a liminal space; Or, the journey shapes the destination APE讲座:有限空间中的生命;或者说,旅程塑造了目的地
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-26 DOI: 10.3233/isu-220161
D. Crotty
This paper is based on a presentation at the APE 2022 Conference and two blog posts published first on The Scholarly Kitchen. It explains how the scholarly community is currently in a liminal space; a place of transition to the end goal of open access (OA), open science, and open research. It argues that the publishing landscape is marked by two waves of consolidation: in the journal’s publisher space, and in the scholarly communication infrastructure. With respect to the first wave, Uncertainty, Transformative Agreements, and the required Technology and Reporting Burdens of Plan S led to an increased emphasis on publishing in quantity, smaller society publishers being dissolved, and bigger publishers shifting towards being workflow providers. The second wave of consolidation is happening around the technology and infrastructure of scholarly communication. This has seen a further shift for many companies away from being a publisher and toward being a workflow provider. The short-term outlook is that we are going to be in this liminal space for a while. Longer term we see two concurrent trends: a drive for low-cost, high-volume bulk publishing, and a shift for publishers to become paid service providers for most everything else. This is the path we are on. The question for the community is whether this is an acceptable long-term outcome to our end goal, or are there other routes we should be taking to drive a differently shaped future?
这篇论文是基于APE 2022会议上的一次演讲和两篇首次发表在the Scholarly Kitchen上的博客文章。它解释了学术界目前是如何处于一个有限的空间;一个向开放获取(OA)、开放科学和开放研究的最终目标过渡的地方。它认为,出版业的格局以两波整合为标志:期刊的出版商空间和学术交流基础设施。就第一波浪潮而言,不确定性、变革协议以及计划S所需的技术和报告负担导致了对数量出版的日益重视,较小的社会出版商被解散,而较大的出版商转向工作流提供者。第二波整合正在围绕学术交流的技术和基础设施展开。这使得许多公司进一步从发行商转变为工作流提供者。短期来看,我们将在这个有限的空间里待上一段时间。从长远来看,我们可以看到两种同时发生的趋势:低成本、高容量的批量出版的驱动力,以及出版商转变为其他大部分服务的付费服务提供商。这就是我们要走的路。社区面临的问题是,对于我们的最终目标来说,这是否是一个可以接受的长期结果,或者我们是否应该采取其他途径来推动一个不同的未来?
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引用次数: 0
The scholarly record of the future: A technologist's perspective 未来的学术记录:一个技术专家的观点
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-25 DOI: 10.3233/isu-220160
Todd A. Carpenter
This article is adapted from Todd Carpenter’s keynote presentation at the APE Annual Conference on January 11, 2022. It focuses on the scholarly record of the future from a technological perspective. It describes how the transition to data-driven science and an increased focus on discovery and interoperability of content, will shape the article of the future. For a “digitally native” scholarly record, developing and maintaining a digital infrastructure with high-quality metadata and identifiers is crucial. It is also emphasized that technology does not determine the direction or eventual destination of the scholarly record of the future.
本文改编自Todd Carpenter于2022年1月11日在APE年会上的主题演讲。它侧重于从技术角度对未来的学术记录。它描述了向数据驱动科学的转变,以及对内容发现和互操作性的日益关注,将如何塑造未来的文章。对于“数字原生”学术记录,开发和维护具有高质量元数据和标识符的数字基础设施至关重要。它还强调,技术并不能决定未来学术记录的方向或最终目的地。
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引用次数: 0
APE January 2022: Inclusive research and the Global South 2022年1月:包容性研究和全球南方
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-22 DOI: 10.3233/isu-220159
Ylann Schemm
This paper is based upon a presentation during a panel session on Inclusion, Diversity and Equity in Scholarly Communication at the 17th APE Conference. It highlights some of the initiatives on inclusive research that Elsevier has initiated or supports, such as the Joint commitment for action on inclusion and diversity in publishing, Research4Life, Elsevier’s Inclusion & Diversity Board, and the Elsevier Foundation. This paper stresses the importance of continuing and evolving these strong partnerships to create a more inclusive research culture for the Global South.
这篇论文是基于第17届APE会议学术交流中的包容、多样性和公平小组会议上的一次演讲。它强调了爱思唯尔发起或支持的一些关于包容性研究的倡议,例如出版包容性和多样性行动的联合承诺、Research4Life、爱思唯尔的包容性和多样性委员会以及爱思唯尔基金会。本文强调了继续和发展这些强有力的伙伴关系的重要性,以便为全球南方创造一种更具包容性的研究文化。
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引用次数: 0
Partnering for education and career development of librarians and information specialists. 合作促进图书馆员和信息专家的教育和职业发展。
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-06-10 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/ISU-220153
Ruth Holst

Donald A.B. Lindberg M.D. was a strong proponent of self-improvement for all professions. He believed it was imperative for health sciences librarians to embrace lifelong learning as the Internet and networked information radically changed their work and opened new opportunities to increase their scope and impact. During Dr. Lindberg's 1984-2015 tenure as its Director, the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM) became an even more dominant influence on education and career development of health sciences librarians. This chapter focuses on the way NLM partnered with other institutions and organizations to ensure that education and training were consistently part of the roll-out of new NLM programs and services as they were implemented.

唐纳德-林德伯格(Donald A.B. Lindberg)医学博士是所有行业自我提升的坚定支持者。他认为健康科学图书馆员必须接受终身学习,因为互联网和网络信息从根本上改变了他们的工作,并为扩大他们的工作范围和影响力提供了新的机会。在林德伯格博士 1984-2015 年担任馆长期间,美国国家医学图书馆(NLM)对健康科学图书馆员的教育和职业发展产生了更加重要的影响。本章重点介绍美国国立医学图书馆如何与其他机构和组织合作,确保教育和培训始终成为美国国立医学图书馆新项目和新服务实施过程中的一部分。
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引用次数: 0
Dr. Lindberg and scholarly publishing. 林德伯格博士和学术出版。
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-06-10 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/ISU-220151
Meg Moreland White, Nancy K Roderer, Sheldon Kotzin

Donald A.B. Lindberg M.D., Director of the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM) from August 1984 to March 2015, had a remarkable vision for NLM's scope, goals, and function. This vision resulted in many external partnerships and initiatives with the publishing industry, commercial and non-profit, journal editors, and professional organizations. These partnerships ranged from ongoing collaboration and dialogue, such as the NLM Publisher's Committee and the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE). to the more practical, such as the creation of HINARI and the Emergency Access Initiative (EAI). Dr. Lindberg fostered partnerships outside the NLM to expand the use and reach of Library resources, including MEDLINE and ClinicalTrials.gov to support innovations in the processes that build them, and to improve the quality of biomedical journals. Dr. Lindberg also encouraged the use of technology to enhance medical information and supported the early development of fully interactive publications. Attitudes that contained a measure of skepticism and distrust faded as collaborators came to have a better understanding of both NLM and their partners. This chapter discusses these relationships and accomplishments that NLM achieved working with publishers and other creators and disseminators of medical information under Dr. Lindberg's leadership.

Donald A.B. Lindberg m.d., 1984年8月至2015年3月担任美国国家医学图书馆(NLM)主任,对NLM的范围、目标和功能有着非凡的愿景。这一愿景促成了与出版业、商业和非营利组织、期刊编辑和专业组织的许多外部合作伙伴关系和倡议。这些伙伴关系包括正在进行的合作和对话,例如NLM出版商委员会和国际医学期刊编辑委员会。向更实际的转变,例如创建HINARI和紧急准入倡议(EAI)。Lindberg博士促进了NLM以外的伙伴关系,以扩大图书馆资源的使用和覆盖范围,包括MEDLINE和ClinicalTrials.gov,以支持建立这些资源的过程中的创新,并提高生物医学期刊的质量。Lindberg博士还鼓励利用技术加强医疗信息,并支持早期开发完全互动的出版物。当合作者对NLM和他们的合作伙伴有了更好的理解时,包含一定程度的怀疑和不信任的态度消失了。本章讨论NLM在Lindberg博士的领导下与出版商和其他医疗信息创造者和传播者合作取得的这些关系和成就。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Information Services and Use
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