Pub Date : 2007-11-27DOI: 10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388306
Y. Poire, O. Maurice, M. Ramdani, M. Drissi, A. Sauvage
This paper deals with conducted emissions in SMPS (Switched Mode Power Supplies). It aims to optimize the size of the input EMI (Electro-Magnetic Interference) filter. A topological method worked out by G.Kron, based on multiphysical and multiscale approach, is used in time and frequency domains. A genetic algorithm is also used to optimize the physical dimensions of the filter. Thus, thanks to waveform estimations and the filter modelling, EMI filtering can be taken into account at the design stage.
{"title":"SMPS Tools for EMI Filter Optimization","authors":"Y. Poire, O. Maurice, M. Ramdani, M. Drissi, A. Sauvage","doi":"10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388306","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with conducted emissions in SMPS (Switched Mode Power Supplies). It aims to optimize the size of the input EMI (Electro-Magnetic Interference) filter. A topological method worked out by G.Kron, based on multiphysical and multiscale approach, is used in time and frequency domains. A genetic algorithm is also used to optimize the physical dimensions of the filter. Thus, thanks to waveform estimations and the filter modelling, EMI filtering can be taken into account at the design stage.","PeriodicalId":397061,"journal":{"name":"2007 18th International Zurich Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133413852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-11-27DOI: 10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388236
K. Kawamata, S. Minegishi, A. Haga, O. Fujiwara
Transition duration of voltage and current rise time due to small gap discharge as the low voltage ESD was investigated in time domain. The measurement system was improved on the band width from 6GHz to 12GHz using the coaxial electrode system. Also, the sensing system was changed from the coupled transmission lines to an E-field sensor and a Hfield sensor. The insertion loss of the experimental system was within about -3dB in frequency range below 12GHz. As a consequence of the experiment using the system, voltage and current rise time of transition duration were shown 32 ps or less. The rise times were changed in configuration of electrodes, source polarity and discharging voltage. Besides, breakdown field was examined to corroborate the very fast transition durations of about 32ps. The breakdown field was very high of about 8×107 V/m in low voltage discharging of below 350V.
{"title":"12GHz measurement of transition duration and breakdown field due to low voltage ESD","authors":"K. Kawamata, S. Minegishi, A. Haga, O. Fujiwara","doi":"10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388236","url":null,"abstract":"Transition duration of voltage and current rise time due to small gap discharge as the low voltage ESD was investigated in time domain. The measurement system was improved on the band width from 6GHz to 12GHz using the coaxial electrode system. Also, the sensing system was changed from the coupled transmission lines to an E-field sensor and a Hfield sensor. The insertion loss of the experimental system was within about -3dB in frequency range below 12GHz. As a consequence of the experiment using the system, voltage and current rise time of transition duration were shown 32 ps or less. The rise times were changed in configuration of electrodes, source polarity and discharging voltage. Besides, breakdown field was examined to corroborate the very fast transition durations of about 32ps. The breakdown field was very high of about 8×107 V/m in low voltage discharging of below 350V.","PeriodicalId":397061,"journal":{"name":"2007 18th International Zurich Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115093143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-11-27DOI: 10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388305
A. Roc’h, H. Bergsma, Dongsheng Zhao, B. Ferreira, F. Leferink
A behavioural model for performance evaluation of a common mode choke (CMC) is proposed: the topology and methods used to model the different properties of the CMC are presented. It combines an accurate model of the complex permeability, of the saturation, of leakage inductances and of parasitic capacitances. Inputs needed from the designer are measured values of currents, voltages and impedance of the actual system, and parameters available in literature and/or from manufacturers for the modelled CMC. The behavioural model is essential in simulation of EMI effects.
{"title":"A new behavioural model for performance evaluation of common mode chokes","authors":"A. Roc’h, H. Bergsma, Dongsheng Zhao, B. Ferreira, F. Leferink","doi":"10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388305","url":null,"abstract":"A behavioural model for performance evaluation of a common mode choke (CMC) is proposed: the topology and methods used to model the different properties of the CMC are presented. It combines an accurate model of the complex permeability, of the saturation, of leakage inductances and of parasitic capacitances. Inputs needed from the designer are measured values of currents, voltages and impedance of the actual system, and parameters available in literature and/or from manufacturers for the modelled CMC. The behavioural model is essential in simulation of EMI effects.","PeriodicalId":397061,"journal":{"name":"2007 18th International Zurich Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132594781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-11-27DOI: 10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388253
Hosein. R. Goodarzi, Majid Tayarani, Saeed Khosravi
Differential signalling thru parallel printed lines has been recently focused because of its low noise transmission characteristics. But differential to common mode coupling is occurred due to any discontinuities in the structure. The coupled line structure can not be analyzed using microwave conventional simulating soft wares directly since the ports are too close to have good accuracy. And this accuracy is needed since the coupling is not a large value. In this paper, the even and odd modes of propagation and their mutual coupling are calculated using generalized two dimensional MOL. A technique is introduced to overcome the problem of close ports in simulation. And finally, a method for decreasing the odd to even mode coupling and improving the transmission characteristics are presented.
{"title":"Differential to common mode coupling in microstrip lines; calculation and improvement","authors":"Hosein. R. Goodarzi, Majid Tayarani, Saeed Khosravi","doi":"10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388253","url":null,"abstract":"Differential signalling thru parallel printed lines has been recently focused because of its low noise transmission characteristics. But differential to common mode coupling is occurred due to any discontinuities in the structure. The coupled line structure can not be analyzed using microwave conventional simulating soft wares directly since the ports are too close to have good accuracy. And this accuracy is needed since the coupling is not a large value. In this paper, the even and odd modes of propagation and their mutual coupling are calculated using generalized two dimensional MOL. A technique is introduced to overcome the problem of close ports in simulation. And finally, a method for decreasing the odd to even mode coupling and improving the transmission characteristics are presented.","PeriodicalId":397061,"journal":{"name":"2007 18th International Zurich Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124954082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-11-27DOI: 10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388214
P. Fritschi, B. Eicher, H. Lehmann
This contribution discusses the basic concepts of EMF measurements for compliance tests of mobile phone base stations in Switzerland. The employed maximum search method is explained and details of frequency selective field strength measurements of GSM and code domain power measurements of UMTS signals are investigated. After the discussion of the main influence factors on the reproducibility, the test set-up for the analysis is described. The use of a robot for a reproducible spatial positioning of the receiving antenna allows for comparison of GSM and UMTS signals under almost identical conditions. The results indicate that GSM 1800 as well as UMTS signals show a good reproducibility with deviations of 0.1-1.8 dB.
{"title":"Reproducibility of GSM and UMTS EMF measurements","authors":"P. Fritschi, B. Eicher, H. Lehmann","doi":"10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388214","url":null,"abstract":"This contribution discusses the basic concepts of EMF measurements for compliance tests of mobile phone base stations in Switzerland. The employed maximum search method is explained and details of frequency selective field strength measurements of GSM and code domain power measurements of UMTS signals are investigated. After the discussion of the main influence factors on the reproducibility, the test set-up for the analysis is described. The use of a robot for a reproducible spatial positioning of the receiving antenna allows for comparison of GSM and UMTS signals under almost identical conditions. The results indicate that GSM 1800 as well as UMTS signals show a good reproducibility with deviations of 0.1-1.8 dB.","PeriodicalId":397061,"journal":{"name":"2007 18th International Zurich Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130303214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-11-27DOI: 10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388275
S. Braun, A. Frech, P. Russer
Time-domain EMI Measurement Systems allow to reduce the measurement time by several orders of magnitude. In this paper a realtime operating low-noise multiresolution timedomain EMI measurement system is presented. With a noise figure of about 7.5 dB and a high dynamic range emission measurements can be carried out close to the noise floor, while a high overload protection is available. A novel implementation of the 9 kHz IF-filter for the frequency 150 kHz to 1 GHz is presented. By this way the measurement time has been reduced by a factor of 8000 in comparison to conventional EMI Receivers. During emission measurements performed with a modelled IFbandwidth of 9 kHz the noise floor is decreased to -19 dμV in the average detector mode.Measurements have been performed with the improved measurement system in the frequency range 30 MHz - 1 GHz.
{"title":"A low-noise realtime time-domain EMI measurement system","authors":"S. Braun, A. Frech, P. Russer","doi":"10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388275","url":null,"abstract":"Time-domain EMI Measurement Systems allow to reduce the measurement time by several orders of magnitude. In this paper a realtime operating low-noise multiresolution timedomain EMI measurement system is presented. With a noise figure of about 7.5 dB and a high dynamic range emission measurements can be carried out close to the noise floor, while a high overload protection is available. A novel implementation of the 9 kHz IF-filter for the frequency 150 kHz to 1 GHz is presented. By this way the measurement time has been reduced by a factor of 8000 in comparison to conventional EMI Receivers. During emission measurements performed with a modelled IFbandwidth of 9 kHz the noise floor is decreased to -19 dμV in the average detector mode.Measurements have been performed with the improved measurement system in the frequency range 30 MHz - 1 GHz.","PeriodicalId":397061,"journal":{"name":"2007 18th International Zurich Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129129619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-11-27DOI: 10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388270
A. Ogunsola, U. Reggiani, L. Sandrolini
This paper deals with the issue of demonstrating electromagnetic and signalling compatibility between two train control systems. In particular, the paper presents an analysis of mutual coupling between a legacy track circuit based train control system (TCS) and a transmission based train control (TBTC) system. The analysis focuses on the ability of the TBTC system to adversely impact the operation of the track circuit based TCS. The paper presents measurement and computational data, and concludes that due to the weak coupling between the TBTC and track circuit TCS, the induced voltage (and current) in the legacy system due to the TBTC does not present a EMI risk to the safe operation of the track circuit TCS.
{"title":"Demonstrating signalling compatibility between two train control systems","authors":"A. Ogunsola, U. Reggiani, L. Sandrolini","doi":"10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388270","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the issue of demonstrating electromagnetic and signalling compatibility between two train control systems. In particular, the paper presents an analysis of mutual coupling between a legacy track circuit based train control system (TCS) and a transmission based train control (TBTC) system. The analysis focuses on the ability of the TBTC system to adversely impact the operation of the track circuit based TCS. The paper presents measurement and computational data, and concludes that due to the weak coupling between the TBTC and track circuit TCS, the induced voltage (and current) in the legacy system due to the TBTC does not present a EMI risk to the safe operation of the track circuit TCS.","PeriodicalId":397061,"journal":{"name":"2007 18th International Zurich Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122570963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-11-27DOI: 10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388252
Yan Fu, G. L. Giuliattini Burbui, T. Hubing
A resistance-inductance-capacitance (RLC) model is described for estimating current waveforms in digital CMOS circuits. The model is based on parameters that are readily derived from information available in board layout files and component data sheets or IBIS (I/O buffer information specification) files. Compared with the simpler triangular waveform traditionally used to approximate current in CMOS circuits, the RLC model more accurately estimates the shape of the current waveform in the time domain and the amplitudes of the upper harmonics in the frequency domain.
{"title":"An improved model for representing current waveforms in CMOS circuits","authors":"Yan Fu, G. L. Giuliattini Burbui, T. Hubing","doi":"10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388252","url":null,"abstract":"A resistance-inductance-capacitance (RLC) model is described for estimating current waveforms in digital CMOS circuits. The model is based on parameters that are readily derived from information available in board layout files and component data sheets or IBIS (I/O buffer information specification) files. Compared with the simpler triangular waveform traditionally used to approximate current in CMOS circuits, the RLC model more accurately estimates the shape of the current waveform in the time domain and the amplitudes of the upper harmonics in the frequency domain.","PeriodicalId":397061,"journal":{"name":"2007 18th International Zurich Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"180 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123196235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-11-27DOI: 10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388222
M. Zerrer, M. Aidam, W. Koehler, S. Tenbohlen, K. Feser
The rising number of electronic and electric systems in a modern vehicle makes automotive EMC more and more important. Due to steadily decreasing development cycles, EMCMeasurements of the whole vehicle are only possible in a relative late state of the development time. By means of measuring transfer functions in a vehicle, one can categorise different places of installation in face of their possible disturbance behaviour. The comparison of different transfer functions of vehicles can help to estimate the potential disturbance risk e.g. to the build-in radio-, TV- or mobile phone antenna.
{"title":"Estimation of electromagnetic coupling phenomena in a vehicle wiring harness using characteristic transfer functions","authors":"M. Zerrer, M. Aidam, W. Koehler, S. Tenbohlen, K. Feser","doi":"10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388222","url":null,"abstract":"The rising number of electronic and electric systems in a modern vehicle makes automotive EMC more and more important. Due to steadily decreasing development cycles, EMCMeasurements of the whole vehicle are only possible in a relative late state of the development time. By means of measuring transfer functions in a vehicle, one can categorise different places of installation in face of their possible disturbance behaviour. The comparison of different transfer functions of vehicles can help to estimate the potential disturbance risk e.g. to the build-in radio-, TV- or mobile phone antenna.","PeriodicalId":397061,"journal":{"name":"2007 18th International Zurich Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124017850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-11-27DOI: 10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388212
F. Della Torre, S. Leva, A. Morando
A new approach to the decomposition of the characteristic variables of three-phase system in Common Mode (CM) e Differential Mode (DM) variables is here presented. This decomposition illustrates an immediate physical interpretation thanks to its relation with the Clarke Transformation. Some examples that emphasize the importance of the results are also shown.
{"title":"A Physical Decomposition of Three-Phase Variables into Common and Differential Mode Quantities","authors":"F. Della Torre, S. Leva, A. Morando","doi":"10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388212","url":null,"abstract":"A new approach to the decomposition of the characteristic variables of three-phase system in Common Mode (CM) e Differential Mode (DM) variables is here presented. This decomposition illustrates an immediate physical interpretation thanks to its relation with the Clarke Transformation. Some examples that emphasize the importance of the results are also shown.","PeriodicalId":397061,"journal":{"name":"2007 18th International Zurich Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"164 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115495596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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