Pub Date : 2007-11-27DOI: 10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388264
T. Fischer, G. Schubert, M. Albach
This paper deals with the characterization of an automotive active front end with respect to its EMC-behavior. This requires the measurement of the transfer function for low frequency (functional area) and for RF frequencies (non functional area) with a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA). For the circuit output connection either high impedance probes or impedance matching networks are needed. The advantages and disadvantages of several standard procedures are discussed and a new setup is presented allowing a one step characterization.
{"title":"EMI of active front ends applied in the automotive industry","authors":"T. Fischer, G. Schubert, M. Albach","doi":"10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388264","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the characterization of an automotive active front end with respect to its EMC-behavior. This requires the measurement of the transfer function for low frequency (functional area) and for RF frequencies (non functional area) with a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA). For the circuit output connection either high impedance probes or impedance matching networks are needed. The advantages and disadvantages of several standard procedures are discussed and a new setup is presented allowing a one step characterization.","PeriodicalId":397061,"journal":{"name":"2007 18th International Zurich Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129422741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-11-27DOI: 10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388231
J. J. Nelson, M. Aidam
EMC challenges for hybrid electric vehicles have been published and shown to have dependencies on high slew rates coupled with parasitic impedances from electric machines, high voltage cables, heat sinks, circuit layout considerations, and the alike. Although the steady state operation of power converters creates apparent EMC disturbances, it doesn’t always create a worst case scenario. Transient operation of the system, such as load torque and speed gradients, can cause additional disturbances that are rarely covered and become difficult to analyze. This paper covers these transient operational issues evaluating them in time, frequency, and time-frequency domain.
{"title":"HEV system EMC investigation during transient operations","authors":"J. J. Nelson, M. Aidam","doi":"10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388231","url":null,"abstract":"EMC challenges for hybrid electric vehicles have been published and shown to have dependencies on high slew rates coupled with parasitic impedances from electric machines, high voltage cables, heat sinks, circuit layout considerations, and the alike. Although the steady state operation of power converters creates apparent EMC disturbances, it doesn’t always create a worst case scenario. Transient operation of the system, such as load torque and speed gradients, can cause additional disturbances that are rarely covered and become difficult to analyze. This paper covers these transient operational issues evaluating them in time, frequency, and time-frequency domain.","PeriodicalId":397061,"journal":{"name":"2007 18th International Zurich Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123630530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-11-27DOI: 10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388260
R. Alaee, R. Moini, S. Bonyadi, S. Sadeghi
A modification of the Antenna Theory (AT) model of lightning return stroke channel is proposed to realistically represent its nonlinear behaviour. In this model, the constant channel distributed resistive loads are replaced by an appropriate set of non-linear resistors. The model is used to compute current distribution along the channel and the resultant electromagnetic field in various distances. It is shown that the modified model can accurately predict those features in measurement data which are not seen in the conventional theoretical results.
{"title":"A non-linear antenna theory model of lightning return stroke channel","authors":"R. Alaee, R. Moini, S. Bonyadi, S. Sadeghi","doi":"10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388260","url":null,"abstract":"A modification of the Antenna Theory (AT) model of lightning return stroke channel is proposed to realistically represent its nonlinear behaviour. In this model, the constant channel distributed resistive loads are replaced by an appropriate set of non-linear resistors. The model is used to compute current distribution along the channel and the resultant electromagnetic field in various distances. It is shown that the modified model can accurately predict those features in measurement data which are not seen in the conventional theoretical results.","PeriodicalId":397061,"journal":{"name":"2007 18th International Zurich Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116209943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-11-27DOI: 10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388292
Jason H. Smith
This paper discusses changes to IEC 61000-4-3 which include a significant increase in the test frequency range, new limitations on RF power amplifier linearity and harmonic content, and a requirement for the material used for the test table.
{"title":"Updates on the New Release of IEC 61000-4-3 Edition 3","authors":"Jason H. Smith","doi":"10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388292","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses changes to IEC 61000-4-3 which include a significant increase in the test frequency range, new limitations on RF power amplifier linearity and harmonic content, and a requirement for the material used for the test table.","PeriodicalId":397061,"journal":{"name":"2007 18th International Zurich Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129750187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-11-27DOI: 10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388263
S. Buntz, H. Leier, Stefan Fuchs, Dieter Gwisdalla, W. Menzel
In this paper a new approach of modeling radiated immunity tests by an active two-port model is shown. The goal of this approach is to simplify analysis of different test configurations by separating disturbance generation and device under test (DUT). With this approach information about the real level of disturbance generated at the end of the perturbed wire in a radiated immunity measurement can be determined for different DUTs. To generate this active two-port model, MoM simulations of field to wire coupling are done, with special emphasis on modeling a typical log-periodic dipole array antenna structure (LPDA) instead of a planar incident wave. To verify the simulations, s-parameter measurements of an according setup are done. Both, simulations and measurements can be used to generate an active s-parameter model of the immunity test setup. The model is then applied to determine the generated disturbance - in terms of forward power into any arbitrary load at the end of the irradiated wire. This finally allows comparing the radiated immunity test to other immunity tests, e.g. Direct Power Injection (DPI) immunity measurements.
{"title":"Modeling of radiated immunity measurements by an active two-port model","authors":"S. Buntz, H. Leier, Stefan Fuchs, Dieter Gwisdalla, W. Menzel","doi":"10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388263","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a new approach of modeling radiated immunity tests by an active two-port model is shown. The goal of this approach is to simplify analysis of different test configurations by separating disturbance generation and device under test (DUT). With this approach information about the real level of disturbance generated at the end of the perturbed wire in a radiated immunity measurement can be determined for different DUTs. To generate this active two-port model, MoM simulations of field to wire coupling are done, with special emphasis on modeling a typical log-periodic dipole array antenna structure (LPDA) instead of a planar incident wave. To verify the simulations, s-parameter measurements of an according setup are done. Both, simulations and measurements can be used to generate an active s-parameter model of the immunity test setup. The model is then applied to determine the generated disturbance - in terms of forward power into any arbitrary load at the end of the irradiated wire. This finally allows comparing the radiated immunity test to other immunity tests, e.g. Direct Power Injection (DPI) immunity measurements.","PeriodicalId":397061,"journal":{"name":"2007 18th International Zurich Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121725428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-11-27DOI: 10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388297
C. Lemoine, P. Besnier, M. Drissi
In reverberation chambers (RC), measurements are often performed by selecting samples using the rotation of the mode stirrer. The number of independent samples is the number of stirrer positions that give uncorrelated field in the cavity, and thereby uncorrelated power levels. A larger number of samples provides a better accuracy of the measured parameter. To determine the number of independent samples, contradictions were already highlighted about the normative method using the autocorrelation function (ACF) with the criterion 0.37. Calculating the number of independent samples remains a great challenge. This paper proposes a new method based on autoregressive (AR) models and central limit theorem (CLT) to find the number of independent samples available with stirrer rotation. The simplicity of implementation is demonstrated and experimental validation is provided.
{"title":"Using autoregressive models to estimate the number of independent samples available with stirrer rotation in reverberation chamber","authors":"C. Lemoine, P. Besnier, M. Drissi","doi":"10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388297","url":null,"abstract":"In reverberation chambers (RC), measurements are often performed by selecting samples using the rotation of the mode stirrer. The number of independent samples is the number of stirrer positions that give uncorrelated field in the cavity, and thereby uncorrelated power levels. A larger number of samples provides a better accuracy of the measured parameter. To determine the number of independent samples, contradictions were already highlighted about the normative method using the autocorrelation function (ACF) with the criterion 0.37. Calculating the number of independent samples remains a great challenge. This paper proposes a new method based on autoregressive (AR) models and central limit theorem (CLT) to find the number of independent samples available with stirrer rotation. The simplicity of implementation is demonstrated and experimental validation is provided.","PeriodicalId":397061,"journal":{"name":"2007 18th International Zurich Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122060465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-11-27DOI: 10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388186
Hongmei Fan, F. Schlagenhaufer
Near field data sampling techniques, including where to place observation points and how to pre-process the data, are investigated in respect to a Near Field-Far Field transformation. For a simple PCB, the optimum equivalent set of basic radiators is found through a Genetic Algorithm. The magnetic near field amplitudes for different observation surfaces of the PCB are obtained from Method of Moment simulations, and the far field patterns for different frequencies are predicted.
{"title":"Investigation of near field data sampling approaches for far field radiation prediction of PCBs by genetic algorithm","authors":"Hongmei Fan, F. Schlagenhaufer","doi":"10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388186","url":null,"abstract":"Near field data sampling techniques, including where to place observation points and how to pre-process the data, are investigated in respect to a Near Field-Far Field transformation. For a simple PCB, the optimum equivalent set of basic radiators is found through a Genetic Algorithm. The magnetic near field amplitudes for different observation surfaces of the PCB are obtained from Method of Moment simulations, and the far field patterns for different frequencies are predicted.","PeriodicalId":397061,"journal":{"name":"2007 18th International Zurich Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123186268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-11-27DOI: 10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388273
Gunnar Lohning, H. Schwarz
This paper addresses the problem of accurately locating the endpoints of transient signals in the presence of background noise. Transient detection is accomplished by means of wavelet thresholding using an appropriate analysis filter bank. The suitable choice of the system parameters - which depends on the used measuring system and the frequency content of the transient signals - is discussed.
{"title":"A DWT-based endpoint detector for transient signals","authors":"Gunnar Lohning, H. Schwarz","doi":"10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388273","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses the problem of accurately locating the endpoints of transient signals in the presence of background noise. Transient detection is accomplished by means of wavelet thresholding using an appropriate analysis filter bank. The suitable choice of the system parameters - which depends on the used measuring system and the frequency content of the transient signals - is discussed.","PeriodicalId":397061,"journal":{"name":"2007 18th International Zurich Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"62 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123302719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-11-27DOI: 10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388294
N. Azamatov, Yu. Mosienko, V. Voloshin, V. Veretynsky, S. Kuntsevich
In this paper we present a method for calculating the conditions necessary to eliminate interference between radio sets of radio links of mobile radio communication systems. These conditions are referred to as the conditions of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of radio links. These conditions can be used to provide EMC when designing and operating mobile radio communication systems.
{"title":"Conditions of electromagnetic compatibility of radio links: a method of calculation","authors":"N. Azamatov, Yu. Mosienko, V. Voloshin, V. Veretynsky, S. Kuntsevich","doi":"10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388294","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we present a method for calculating the conditions necessary to eliminate interference between radio sets of radio links of mobile radio communication systems. These conditions are referred to as the conditions of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of radio links. These conditions can be used to provide EMC when designing and operating mobile radio communication systems.","PeriodicalId":397061,"journal":{"name":"2007 18th International Zurich Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133650256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-11-27DOI: 10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388257
A. Fallahi, C. Hafner, R. Vahldieck
This paper presents a numerical technique for the analysis of a metamaterial that may be considered as a new type of frequency selective surfaces (FSS), consisting of printed metal patches on inhomogeneous, periodic substrates. Such structures are more promising for EMC shielding than common FSS structures because both the effective dielectric permittivity and loss of the substrate can be controlled. To analyze these structures a series equation obtained from the Rigorous Coupled Wave Analysis (RCWA) is solved by the Method of Moments (MoM) with sub-domain rooftop basis functions and Galerkin testing functions. Several examples are outlined and analyzed using the MoM/RCWA technique. In order to validate the procedure, comparisons with a commercial time domain solver are performed.
{"title":"MoM/RCWA analysis of frequency selective surfaces with inhomogeneous, periodic substrates","authors":"A. Fallahi, C. Hafner, R. Vahldieck","doi":"10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCZUR.2007.4388257","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a numerical technique for the analysis of a metamaterial that may be considered as a new type of frequency selective surfaces (FSS), consisting of printed metal patches on inhomogeneous, periodic substrates. Such structures are more promising for EMC shielding than common FSS structures because both the effective dielectric permittivity and loss of the substrate can be controlled. To analyze these structures a series equation obtained from the Rigorous Coupled Wave Analysis (RCWA) is solved by the Method of Moments (MoM) with sub-domain rooftop basis functions and Galerkin testing functions. Several examples are outlined and analyzed using the MoM/RCWA technique. In order to validate the procedure, comparisons with a commercial time domain solver are performed.","PeriodicalId":397061,"journal":{"name":"2007 18th International Zurich Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129020151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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