首页 > 最新文献

Neurochemistry international最新文献

英文 中文
MRPL41, as a target for acupuncture, promotes neuron apoptosis in models of ischemic stroke via activating p53 pathway 作为针灸靶点的MRPL41可通过激活p53通路促进缺血性中风模型中神经元的凋亡。
IF 4.4 3区 医学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105881
Neuronal death is the key cause of ischemic stroke. Acupuncture (Acu) is a recognized method for the treatment and amelioration of cerebral ischemia. However, the molecular mechanism of Acu for treating ischemic stroke has not yet been detailedly elucidated. Based our microarray analysis results, mitochondrial ribosomal protein L41 (MRPL41), which is related to apoptosis, was identified as the target of Acu. MRPL41 expression was increased in middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) model and reduced after Acu treatment. Following, MCAO/R model and oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model were established to explore the effect of MRPL41. Knockdown of MRPL41 increased cell viability and ani-apoptotic protein (Bcl-2) expression, and reduced apoptosis intensity and pro-apoptotic protein (Bax and Cleaved caspase-3) of OGD/R neurons. In vivo, MRPL41 silencing decreased neurological severity score, shrank infarct area, reduced encephaledema and neuron apoptosis. In addition, reduction of MRPL41 caused loss of p53. Our data uncover that Acu targets MRPL41, following with inhibiting neuron apoptosis via p53 pathway, thereby ameliorating ischemic stroke.
神经元死亡是缺血性中风的主要原因。针灸(Acupuncture,Acu)是公认的治疗和改善脑缺血的方法。然而,针灸治疗缺血性中风的分子机制尚未得到详细阐明。根据我们的芯片分析结果,与细胞凋亡有关的线粒体核糖体蛋白 L41(MRPL41)被确定为 Acu 的靶点。MRPL41在大脑中动脉闭塞/再灌注(MCAO/R)模型中表达增加,而在Acu治疗后表达减少。随后,建立了MCAO/R模型和氧和葡萄糖剥夺/再氧合(OGD/R)模型来探讨MRPL41的作用。敲除MRPL41增加了OGD/R神经元的细胞活力和抗凋亡蛋白(Bcl-2)的表达,降低了细胞凋亡强度和促凋亡蛋白(Bax和Caspase-3)的表达。在体内,MRPL41沉默可降低神经系统严重程度评分,缩小梗死面积,减轻脑水肿和神经元凋亡。此外,MRPL41的减少会导致p53的缺失。我们的数据发现,Acu以MRPL41为靶点,通过p53通路抑制神经元凋亡,从而改善缺血性中风。
{"title":"MRPL41, as a target for acupuncture, promotes neuron apoptosis in models of ischemic stroke via activating p53 pathway","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105881","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105881","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neuronal death is the key cause of ischemic stroke. Acupuncture (Acu) is a recognized method for the treatment and amelioration of cerebral ischemia. However, the molecular mechanism of Acu for treating ischemic stroke has not yet been detailedly elucidated. Based our microarray analysis results, mitochondrial ribosomal protein L41 (MRPL41), which is related to apoptosis, was identified as the target of Acu. MRPL41 expression was increased in middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) model and reduced after Acu treatment. Following, MCAO/R model and oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model were established to explore the effect of MRPL41. Knockdown of MRPL41 increased cell viability and ani-apoptotic protein (Bcl-2) expression, and reduced apoptosis intensity and pro-apoptotic protein (Bax and Cleaved caspase-3) of OGD/R neurons. <em>In vivo</em>, MRPL41 silencing decreased neurological severity score, shrank infarct area, reduced encephaledema and neuron apoptosis. In addition, reduction of MRPL41 caused loss of p53. Our data uncover that Acu targets MRPL41, following with inhibiting neuron apoptosis via p53 pathway, thereby ameliorating ischemic stroke.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":398,"journal":{"name":"Neurochemistry international","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142455008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Protein aggregation and its affecting mechanisms in neurodegenerative diseases 神经退行性疾病中的蛋白质聚集及其影响机制
IF 4.4 3区 医学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105880
Protein aggregation serves as a critical pathological marker in a spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), including the formation of amyloid β (Aβ) and Tau neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer's disease, as well as α-Synuclein (α-Syn) aggregates in Parkinson's disease, Parkinson's disease-related dementia (PDD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and multiple system atrophy (MSA). A significant proportion of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) exhibit TDP-43 aggregates. Moreover, a confluence of brain protein pathologies, such as Aβ, Tau, α-Syn, and TDP-43, has been identified in individual NDs cases, highlighting the intricate interplay among these proteins that is garnering heightened scrutiny. Importantly, protein aggregation is modulated by an array of factors, with burgeoning evidence suggesting that it frequently results from perturbations in protein homeostasis, influenced by the cellular membrane milieu, metal ion concentrations, post-translational modifications, and genetic mutations. This review delves into the pathological underpinnings of protein aggregation across various NDs and elucidates the intercommunication among disparate proteins within the same disease context. Additionally, we examine the pathogenic mechanisms by which diverse factors impinge upon protein aggregation, offering fresh perspectives for the future therapeutic intervention of NDs.
蛋白质聚集是一系列神经退行性疾病(NDs)的重要病理标志,包括阿尔茨海默病中淀粉样β(Aβ)和Tau神经纤维缠结的形成,以及帕金森病、帕金森病相关痴呆(PDD)、路易体痴呆(DLB)和多系统萎缩(MSA)中α-突触核蛋白(α-Syn)的聚集。相当一部分肌萎缩侧索硬化症(ALS)患者表现出 TDP-43 聚集。此外,在个别 NDs 病例中还发现了 Aβ、Tau、α-Syn 和 TDP-43 等脑蛋白病变的汇合,突显了这些蛋白之间错综复杂的相互作用,正引起人们的高度关注。重要的是,蛋白质聚集受一系列因素的影响,越来越多的证据表明,蛋白质聚集往往是蛋白质平衡紊乱的结果,受到细胞膜环境、金属离子浓度、翻译后修饰和基因突变的影响。本综述深入探讨了各种 ND 蛋白质聚集的病理基础,并阐明了同一疾病背景下不同蛋白质之间的相互影响。此外,我们还研究了各种因素影响蛋白质聚集的致病机制,为未来非传染性疾病的治疗干预提供了新的视角。
{"title":"Protein aggregation and its affecting mechanisms in neurodegenerative diseases","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105880","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105880","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Protein aggregation serves as a critical pathological marker in a spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), including the formation of amyloid β (Aβ) and Tau neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer's disease, as well as α-Synuclein (α-Syn) aggregates in Parkinson's disease, Parkinson's disease-related dementia (PDD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and multiple system atrophy (MSA). A significant proportion of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) exhibit TDP-43 aggregates. Moreover, a confluence of brain protein pathologies, such as Aβ, Tau, α-Syn, and TDP-43, has been identified in individual NDs cases, highlighting the intricate interplay among these proteins that is garnering heightened scrutiny. Importantly, protein aggregation is modulated by an array of factors, with burgeoning evidence suggesting that it frequently results from perturbations in protein homeostasis, influenced by the cellular membrane milieu, metal ion concentrations, post-translational modifications, and genetic mutations. This review delves into the pathological underpinnings of protein aggregation across various NDs and elucidates the intercommunication among disparate proteins within the same disease context. Additionally, we examine the pathogenic mechanisms by which diverse factors impinge upon protein aggregation, offering fresh perspectives for the future therapeutic intervention of NDs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":398,"journal":{"name":"Neurochemistry international","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142437884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The pivotal role of PACAP/PAC1R signaling from the anterior insular cortex to the locus coeruleus on anxiety-related behaviors of mice PACAP/PAC1R信号从前部岛叶皮层传导至小鼠神经节对小鼠焦虑相关行为的关键作用
IF 4.4 3区 医学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105879
The neuropeptide pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and its specific receptor (PAC1R) are widely present in the central nervous system (CNS), and PACAP/PAC1R signaling has been implicated in anxiety-related behaviors. The locus coeruleus (LC), with its extensive noradrenergic (NA) projections throughout the CNS, is also implicated in anxiety. Although the LC exhibits a high expression of PAC1R, the precise role of PACAP/PAC1R signaling in the LC's involvement in anxiety remains unclear. Histochemical analysis confirmed high levels of PAC1R mRNA in the LC and showed that PAC1R gene transcripts were highly localized to NA neurons. Targeted deletion of PAC1R from these cells led to a hyperactive/low anxiety phenotype in the open field and elevated-plus maze tests. Retrograde neurocircuit tracing indicated PACAP neurons from the anterior insular cortex (aIC) and a few other regions projected axons to the LC. The selective activation of PACAP neurons in the aIC led to significantly increased anxiety behavior without a change in overall locomotor activity. Moreover, shRNA PACAP knockdown in the aIC in wild-type mice led to a selective decrease in anxiety. The present results identify an aIC to LC neurocircuit controlling anxiety that critically requires PACAP/PAC1R signaling.
神经肽垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活多肽(PACAP)及其特异性受体(PAC1R)广泛存在于中枢神经系统(CNS)中,PACAP/PAC1R 信号传导与焦虑相关行为有关。在整个中枢神经系统中具有广泛去甲肾上腺素能(NA)投射的小脑位置(LC)也与焦虑有关。虽然 LC 中 PAC1R 的表达量很高,但 PACAP/PAC1R 信号在 LC 参与焦虑中的确切作用仍不清楚。组织化学分析证实了 LC 中高水平的 PAC1R mRNA,并显示 PAC1R 基因转录物高度定位在 NA 神经元中。从这些细胞中靶向缺失 PAC1R 会导致在开阔地和高架迷宫测试中出现多动/低焦虑表型。逆行神经回路追踪表明,来自前岛皮质(aIC)和其他一些区域的PACAP神经元将轴突投射到LC。选择性激活 aIC 中的 PACAP 神经元会导致焦虑行为显著增加,而整体运动活动并无变化。此外,在野生型小鼠的 aIC 中敲除 shRNA PACAP 可选择性地减少焦虑。本研究结果确定了控制焦虑的 aIC 至 LC 神经环路,该神经环路关键需要 PACAP/PAC1R 信号。
{"title":"The pivotal role of PACAP/PAC1R signaling from the anterior insular cortex to the locus coeruleus on anxiety-related behaviors of mice","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105879","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105879","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The neuropeptide pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and its specific receptor (PAC1R) are widely present in the central nervous system (CNS), and PACAP/PAC1R signaling has been implicated in anxiety-related behaviors. The locus coeruleus (LC), with its extensive noradrenergic (NA) projections throughout the CNS, is also implicated in anxiety. Although the LC exhibits a high expression of PAC1R, the precise role of PACAP/PAC1R signaling in the LC's involvement in anxiety remains unclear. Histochemical analysis confirmed high levels of PAC1R mRNA in the LC and showed that PAC1R gene transcripts were highly localized to NA neurons. Targeted deletion of PAC1R from these cells led to a hyperactive/low anxiety phenotype in the open field and elevated-plus maze tests. Retrograde neurocircuit tracing indicated PACAP neurons from the anterior insular cortex (aIC) and a few other regions projected axons to the LC. The selective activation of PACAP neurons in the aIC led to significantly increased anxiety behavior without a change in overall locomotor activity. Moreover, shRNA PACAP knockdown in the aIC in wild-type mice led to a selective decrease in anxiety. The present results identify an aIC to LC neurocircuit controlling anxiety that critically requires PACAP/PAC1R signaling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":398,"journal":{"name":"Neurochemistry international","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142445857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Olfactory dysfunction decreased local field potential in the reward system and increased EtOH consumption in mice 嗅觉功能障碍会降低奖赏系统的局部场电位,增加小鼠的乙醇消耗量。
IF 4.4 3区 医学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105875
The relationship between olfactory dysfunction and alcohol intake is unobvious. Chronic alcohol intake results in reduced olfactory acuity and olfactory discrimination and addiction in humans. However, alcohol is a beverage with distinctive odors, which usually works as a cue to induce addictive memories and craving behavior. Whether olfactory impairment increase or decrease alcohol consumption remains an important but unclear issue. In this study, we measured ethanol (EtOH) consumption in the two-bottle choice EtOH drinking test, two bottle choice EtOH/sucrose drinking test and the drinking in the dark (DID) test during the olfactory loss. We also recorded local field potentials (LFPs) from the brain reward system, the ventral tegmental area (VTA), nucleus accumbens (NAc), and piriform cortex (Pir) one and four weeks after the induction of olfactory epithelium lesions using zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) in mice. The results showed that the EtOH consumption and preference were increased during the period of olfactory dysfunction. 1 week after the olfactory injury, LFP powers in the reward system at low- and high-gamma bands decreased significantly, coherence between the Pir and the reward system was also decrease. 4 weeks after the ZnSO4 treatment, LFP powers were reversed, but the coherence between VTA and NAc was decreased, indicating lasting effects post-recovery. This study demonstrates that olfactory dysfunction increased EtOH consumption in mice, which was accompanied by decreased LFP power and coherence in the reward system, which suggest that olfactory deficits changed activities in the reward system and could alter reward-seeking behaviors, which provide insights into the neurobiology of alcohol addiction.
嗅觉功能障碍与酒精摄入量之间的关系并不明显。长期摄入酒精会导致人类的嗅觉敏锐度和嗅觉辨别能力下降,并使人上瘾。然而,酒精是一种具有独特气味的饮料,这种气味通常是诱发成瘾记忆和渴求行为的线索。嗅觉损伤是增加还是减少酒精消费仍然是一个重要但不明确的问题。在本研究中,我们测量了嗅觉缺失时乙醇(EtOH)的消耗量,包括双瓶选择EtOH饮酒测试、双瓶选择EtOH/蔗糖饮酒测试和黑暗中饮酒(DID)测试。我们还在使用硫酸锌(ZnSO4)诱导小鼠嗅上皮病变一周和四周后记录了大脑奖赏系统、腹侧被盖区(VTA)、伏隔核(NAc)和梨状皮层(Pir)的局部场电位(LFPs)。结果表明,在嗅觉功能障碍期间,小鼠的乙醇消耗量和偏好性都有所增加。嗅觉损伤1周后,奖赏系统在低、高γ波段的LFP功率显著下降,Pir与奖赏系统之间的相干性也下降。硫酸锌治疗4周后,LFP功率发生逆转,但VTA和NAc之间的相干性降低,表明恢复后的影响仍在持续。这项研究表明,嗅觉功能障碍会增加小鼠对乙醇的消耗,同时伴随着奖赏系统LFP功率和一致性的下降,这表明嗅觉功能障碍会改变奖赏系统的活动,并可能改变寻求奖赏的行为,这为酒精成瘾的神经生物学提供了启示。
{"title":"Olfactory dysfunction decreased local field potential in the reward system and increased EtOH consumption in mice","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105875","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105875","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The relationship between olfactory dysfunction and alcohol intake is unobvious. Chronic alcohol intake results in reduced olfactory acuity and olfactory discrimination and addiction in humans. However, alcohol is a beverage with distinctive odors, which usually works as a cue to induce addictive memories and craving behavior. Whether olfactory impairment increase or decrease alcohol consumption remains an important but unclear issue. In this study, we measured ethanol (EtOH) consumption in the two-bottle choice EtOH drinking test, two bottle choice EtOH/sucrose drinking test and the drinking in the dark (DID) test during the olfactory loss. We also recorded local field potentials (LFPs) from the brain reward system, the ventral tegmental area (VTA), nucleus accumbens (NAc), and piriform cortex (Pir) one and four weeks after the induction of olfactory epithelium lesions using zinc sulfate (ZnSO<sub>4</sub>) in mice. The results showed that the EtOH consumption and preference were increased during the period of olfactory dysfunction. 1 week after the olfactory injury, LFP powers in the reward system at low- and high-gamma bands decreased significantly, coherence between the Pir and the reward system was also decrease. 4 weeks after the ZnSO<sub>4</sub> treatment, LFP powers were reversed, but the coherence between VTA and NAc was decreased, indicating lasting effects post-recovery. This study demonstrates that olfactory dysfunction increased EtOH consumption in mice, which was accompanied by decreased LFP power and coherence in the reward system, which suggest that olfactory deficits changed activities in the reward system and could alter reward-seeking behaviors, which provide insights into the neurobiology of alcohol addiction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":398,"journal":{"name":"Neurochemistry international","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142405844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
(Poly)phenol-rich grape and blueberry extract prevents LPS-induced disruption of the blood-brain barrier through the modulation of the gut microbiota-derived uremic toxins (富含(多)酚的葡萄和蓝莓提取物通过调节肠道微生物群衍生的尿毒症毒素,防止 LPS 引起的血脑屏障破坏。
IF 4.4 3区 医学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105878
The dynamic protective capacity of (poly)phenols, attributed to their potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, has been consistently reported. Due to their capacity to alter gut microbiome composition, further actions of (poly)phenols may be exerted through the modulation of the microbiota-gut-brain axis. However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly defined. Here, we investigated the protective effect of a (poly)phenol-rich grape and blueberry extract (Memophenol™), on the microbiota-gut-brain axis in a model of chronic low-grade inflammation (0.5 mg/kg/wk lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 8 weeks). Dietary supplementation of male C57BL/6 J mice with Memophenol™ prevented LPS-induced increases in the microbe-derived uremia-associated molecules, indoxyl sulfate (IS) and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO). These changes coincided with shifts in gut microbiome composition, notably Romboutsia and Desulfovibrio abundance, respectively. In the brain, LPS exposure disrupted the marginal localisation of the endothelial tight junction ZO-1 and downregulated ZO-1 mRNA expression to an extent closely correlated with TMAO and IS levels; a process prevented by Memophenol™ intake. Hippocampal mRNA sequencing analysis revealed significant downregulation in regulatory pathways of neurodegeneration with Memophenol™ intake. These findings may indicate a novel protective role of the (poly)phenol-rich grape and blueberry extract on the endothelial tight junction component ZO-1, acting through modulation of gut microbial metabolism.
多)酚具有强大的抗氧化和抗炎特性,其动态保护能力已被不断报道。由于(多)酚具有改变肠道微生物群组成的能力,因此可能会通过调节微生物群-肠道-大脑轴来发挥(多)酚的进一步作用。然而,其基本机制仍未明确。在此,我们研究了富含(多)酚的葡萄和蓝莓提取物(Memophenol™)对慢性低度炎症模型(0.5 毫克/千克/周脂多糖(LPS),8 周)中微生物群-肠-脑轴的保护作用。给雄性 C57BL/6J 小鼠补充 Memophenol™ 可防止 LPS 诱导的微生物衍生尿毒症相关分子--硫酸吲哚酯(IS)和三甲胺 N-氧化物(TMAO)的增加。这些变化与肠道微生物群组成的变化相吻合,特别是隆氏酵母菌和脱硫酵母菌的丰度。在大脑中,LPS暴露破坏了内皮紧密连接ZO-1的边缘定位,并下调了ZO-1 mRNA的表达,下调程度与TMAO和IS水平密切相关;摄入Memophenol™可阻止这一过程。海马 mRNA 测序分析表明,摄入 Memophenol™ 后,神经退行性变调控通路的表达明显下调。这些发现可能表明,富含(多)酚的葡萄和蓝莓提取物通过调节肠道微生物的新陈代谢,对内皮紧密连接成分 ZO-1 起到了新的保护作用。
{"title":"(Poly)phenol-rich grape and blueberry extract prevents LPS-induced disruption of the blood-brain barrier through the modulation of the gut microbiota-derived uremic toxins","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105878","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105878","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dynamic protective capacity of (poly)phenols, attributed to their potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, has been consistently reported. Due to their capacity to alter gut microbiome composition, further actions of (poly)phenols may be exerted through the modulation of the microbiota-gut-brain axis. However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly defined. Here, we investigated the protective effect of a (poly)phenol-rich grape and blueberry extract (Memophenol™), on the microbiota-gut-brain axis in a model of chronic low-grade inflammation (0.5 mg/kg/wk lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 8 weeks). Dietary supplementation of male C57BL/6 J mice with Memophenol™ prevented LPS-induced increases in the microbe-derived uremia-associated molecules, indoxyl sulfate (IS) and trimethylamine <em>N</em>-oxide (TMAO). These changes coincided with shifts in gut microbiome composition, notably <em>Romboutsia</em> and <em>Desulfovibrio</em> abundance, respectively. In the brain, LPS exposure disrupted the marginal localisation of the endothelial tight junction ZO-1 and downregulated ZO-1 mRNA expression to an extent closely correlated with TMAO and IS levels; a process prevented by Memophenol™ intake. Hippocampal mRNA sequencing analysis revealed significant downregulation in regulatory pathways of neurodegeneration with Memophenol™ intake. These findings may indicate a novel protective role of the (poly)phenol-rich grape and blueberry extract on the endothelial tight junction component ZO-1, acting through modulation of gut microbial metabolism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":398,"journal":{"name":"Neurochemistry international","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142398996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Jun modulates endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated ferroptosis in dorsal root ganglia neurons during neuropathic pain by regulating Timp1 Jun通过调控Timp1调节神经病理性疼痛过程中背根神经节神经元中与内质网应激相关的铁突变。
IF 4.4 3区 医学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105877
Neuropathic pain (NP) is a complex disorder caused by lesions or diseases affecting the somatosensory nervous system, severely impacting patients' quality of life. Recent studies suggest ferroptosis may be involved in NP induction, but its precise mechanisms remain unclear. We used GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses to functionally annotate ferroptosis-related differentially expressed genes (FRDs). Through STRING and the maximum cluster centrality (MCC) algorithm, we identified five hub FRDs (Jun, Timp1, Egfr, Cdkn1a, Cdkn2a). Single-cell analysis revealed significant expression of Jun and Timp1 in neurons. Our study confirmed the association between ferroptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in NP and validated changes in hub FRD expression across various NP animal models. In vitro experiments demonstrated that Jun regulates neuronal ferroptosis and ERS, particularly by modulating Timp1 expression. Transcription factor prediction and JASPAR binding site analysis elucidated the regulatory network involving Jun. ROC curve analysis of external datasets highlighted the diagnostic potential of hub FRDs and ERS-related differentially expressed genes (ERSRDs) in NP. Using the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD), we identified estradiol (E2) as a potential therapeutic drug targeting hub FRDs and ERSRDs. Molecular docking predicted its binding sites with Jun and Timp1, and in vivo experiments confirmed that E2 alleviated NP and reversed the expression of Jun and Timp1. This study underscores the crucial role of Jun and Timp1 in the interplay between ferroptosis and ERS, offering new insights and promising avenues for NP treatment.
神经性疼痛(NP)是一种复杂的疾病,由影响躯体感觉神经系统的病变或疾病引起,严重影响患者的生活质量。最近的研究表明,铁变态反应可能参与了 NP 的诱导,但其确切机制仍不清楚。我们利用 GO 和 KEGG 通路富集分析对与铁突变相关的差异表达基因(FRDs)进行了功能注释。通过 STRING 和最大聚类中心性(MCC)算法,我们确定了五个中心 FRDs(Jun、Timp1、Egfr、Cdkn1a、Cdkn2a)。单细胞分析显示,Jun和Timp1在神经元中有显著表达。我们的研究证实了 NP 中铁质氧化与内质网应激(ERS)之间的关联,并验证了各种 NP 动物模型中枢 FRD 表达的变化。体外实验证明,Jun 特别是通过调节 Timp1 的表达来调控神经元的铁突变和 ERS。转录因子预测和 JASPAR 结合位点分析阐明了涉及 Jun 的调控网络。外部数据集的 ROC 曲线分析凸显了 NP 中枢 FRDs 和 ERS 相关差异表达基因(ERSRDs)的诊断潜力。通过比较毒物基因组学数据库(CTD),我们发现雌二醇(E2)是一种针对中枢FRD和ERSRD的潜在治疗药物。分子对接预测了其与 Jun 和 Timp1 的结合位点,体内实验证实 E2 可减轻 NP 并逆转 Jun 和 Timp1 的表达。这项研究强调了 Jun 和 Timp1 在铁突变和 ERS 之间相互作用中的关键作用,为治疗 NP 提供了新的见解和前景广阔的途径。
{"title":"Jun modulates endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated ferroptosis in dorsal root ganglia neurons during neuropathic pain by regulating Timp1","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105877","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105877","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neuropathic pain (NP) is a complex disorder caused by lesions or diseases affecting the somatosensory nervous system, severely impacting patients' quality of life. Recent studies suggest ferroptosis may be involved in NP induction, but its precise mechanisms remain unclear. We used GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses to functionally annotate ferroptosis-related differentially expressed genes (FRDs). Through STRING and the maximum cluster centrality (MCC) algorithm, we identified five hub FRDs (Jun, Timp1, Egfr, Cdkn1a, Cdkn2a). Single-cell analysis revealed significant expression of Jun and Timp1 in neurons. Our study confirmed the association between ferroptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in NP and validated changes in hub FRD expression across various NP animal models. In vitro experiments demonstrated that Jun regulates neuronal ferroptosis and ERS, particularly by modulating Timp1 expression. Transcription factor prediction and JASPAR binding site analysis elucidated the regulatory network involving Jun. ROC curve analysis of external datasets highlighted the diagnostic potential of hub FRDs and ERS-related differentially expressed genes (ERSRDs) in NP. Using the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD), we identified estradiol (E2) as a potential therapeutic drug targeting hub FRDs and ERSRDs. Molecular docking predicted its binding sites with Jun and Timp1, and in vivo experiments confirmed that E2 alleviated NP and reversed the expression of Jun and Timp1. This study underscores the crucial role of Jun and Timp1 in the interplay between ferroptosis and ERS, offering new insights and promising avenues for NP treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":398,"journal":{"name":"Neurochemistry international","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142387015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mechanism of Alzheimer type II astrocyte development in hepatic encephalopathy 肝性脑病中阿尔茨海默 II 型星形胶质细胞的发育机制
IF 4.4 3区 医学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105866
Type C hepatic encephalopathy (Type C HE) is a major and complex neurological condition that occurs following chronic liver failure. The molecular basis of Type C HE remains elusive. Type C HE is characterized by mental confusion, cognitive and motor disturbances. The presence of Alzheimer type II astrocytes (AT2A) is the key histopathological finding observed in Type C HE. However, nothing is currently known regarding AT2A development and its involvement in cognitive, and motor deficits in Type C HE. We, therefore, examined in rats the mechanisms by which liver failure contributes to the progression of AT2A, and its role in the development of cognitive and motor deficits in thioacetamide (TAA) model of Type C HE. We and others earlier reported increased oxidative/nitrosative stress (ONS), JNK1/2, and cMyc activation in ammonia-treated astrocyte cultures, as well as in brains from chronic liver failure. We now found increased levels of astrocytic glia maturation factor (GMF, a factor strongly implicated in neuroinflammation), as well as various inflammatory factors (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, MMP-3, COX2, CXCL1, and PGE2), and reduced levels of GFAP and increased levels of aggregated nuclear protein Lamin A/C in rat brain cortex post-chronic liver failure. We also found increased levels of GMF and inflammatory factors (MMP-3, COX2, CXCL1, and PGE2) in astrocytes post-ammonia treatment in vitro. Additionally, pharmacological inhibition of upstream signaling of GMF (ONS, JNK1/2, and cMyc) or GMF inhibitors W-7 and trifluoperazine significantly reduced the levels of inflammatory factors, the number of AT2A cells, as well as the cognitive and motor deficits in TAA-treated rats. Increased levels of GMF were also identified in human post-mortem brain sections. These findings strongly suggest that increased levels of astrocytic GMF due to elevated levels of ONS, JNK1/2, and cMyc and the subsequent inflammation contribute to the development of AT2A and the consequent cognitive, and motor deficits in chronic liver failure.
C 型肝性脑病(C 型 HE)是慢性肝功能衰竭后出现的一种严重而复杂的神经系统疾病。C 型肝性脑病的分子基础至今仍不清楚。C 型肝性脑病的特点是精神错乱、认知和运动障碍。阿尔茨海默II型星形胶质细胞(AT2A)的存在是C型肝癌的主要组织病理学发现。然而,目前人们对 AT2A 的发展及其与 C 型高血压患者认知和运动障碍的关系还一无所知。因此,我们研究了肝衰竭导致 AT2A 进展的机制,以及 AT2A 在硫代乙酰胺(TAA)C 型 HE 模型中认知和运动障碍发展中的作用。我们和其他研究人员早先报告了氨处理星形胶质细胞培养物以及慢性肝衰竭患者大脑中氧化/亚硝基应激(ONS)、JNK1/2和cMyc活化的增加。我们现在发现,在慢性肝衰竭后的大鼠大脑皮层中,星形胶质细胞成熟因子(GMF,一种与神经炎症密切相关的因子)以及各种炎症因子(IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6、MMP-3、COX2、CXCL1 和 PGE2)水平升高,GFAP 水平降低,聚集核蛋白 Lamin A/C 水平升高。我们还发现氨治疗后体外星形胶质细胞中 GMF 和炎症因子(MMP-3、COX2、CXCL1 和 PGE2)水平升高。此外,药理学抑制 GMF 上游信号传导(ONS、JNK1/2 和 cMyc)或 GMF 抑制剂 W-7 和三氟拉嗪可显著降低炎症因子水平、AT2A 细胞数量以及 TAA 处理大鼠的认知和运动障碍。在人类死后大脑切片中也发现了 GMF 水平的升高。这些研究结果有力地表明,由于 ONS、JNK1/2 和 cMyc 水平升高,星形胶质细胞 GMF 水平升高,以及随后的炎症,导致了 AT2A 的发展,进而造成慢性肝衰竭患者的认知和运动障碍。
{"title":"Mechanism of Alzheimer type II astrocyte development in hepatic encephalopathy","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105866","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105866","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Type C hepatic encephalopathy (Type C HE) is a major and complex neurological condition that occurs following chronic liver failure. The molecular basis of Type C HE remains elusive. Type C HE is characterized by mental confusion, cognitive and motor disturbances. The presence of Alzheimer type II astrocytes (AT2A) is the key histopathological finding observed in Type C HE. However, nothing is currently known regarding AT2A development and its involvement in cognitive, and motor deficits in Type C HE. We, therefore, examined in rats the mechanisms by which liver failure contributes to the progression of AT2A, and its role in the development of cognitive and motor deficits in thioacetamide (TAA) model of Type C HE. We and others earlier reported increased oxidative/nitrosative stress (ONS), JNK1/2, and cMyc activation in ammonia-treated astrocyte cultures, as well as in brains from chronic liver failure. We now found increased levels of astrocytic glia maturation factor (GMF, a factor strongly implicated in neuroinflammation), as well as various inflammatory factors (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, MMP-3, COX2, CXCL1, and PGE2), and reduced levels of GFAP and increased levels of aggregated nuclear protein Lamin A/C in rat brain cortex post-chronic liver failure. We also found increased levels of GMF and inflammatory factors (MMP-3, COX2, CXCL1, and PGE2) in astrocytes post-ammonia treatment <em>in vitro</em>. Additionally, pharmacological inhibition of upstream signaling of GMF (ONS, JNK1/2, and cMyc) or GMF inhibitors W-7 and trifluoperazine significantly reduced the levels of inflammatory factors, the number of AT2A cells, as well as the cognitive and motor deficits in TAA-treated rats. Increased levels of GMF were also identified in human post-mortem brain sections. These findings strongly suggest that increased levels of astrocytic GMF due to elevated levels of ONS, JNK1/2, and cMyc and the subsequent inflammation contribute to the development of AT2A and the consequent cognitive, and motor deficits in chronic liver failure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":398,"journal":{"name":"Neurochemistry international","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142379793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Therapeutic potential of oleanolic acid in modulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR/STAT-3/GSK-3β signaling pathways and neuroprotection against methylmercury-induced neurodegeneration 齐墩果酸在调节 PI3K/Akt/mTOR/STAT-3/GSK-3β 信号通路和保护神经免受甲基汞诱导的神经退行性病变影响方面的治疗潜力
IF 4.4 3区 医学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105876
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that gradually deteriorates motor neurons, leading to demyelination, muscle weakness, and eventually respiratory failure. The disease involves several pathological processes, such as increased glutamate levels, mitochondrial dysfunction, and persistent neuroinflammation, often exacerbated by environmental toxins like mercury. This study explores the therapeutic potential of Olea europaea active phytoconstituents oleanolic acid (OLA) against ALS by targeting the overactivated PI3K/Akt/mTOR/STAT-3/GSK-3β signalling pathways. Methods involved in-silico studies, in vitro and in vivo experiments in which varying doses of methylmercury 5 mg/kg, p.o. and OLA (100 and 200 mg/kg, i.p.) were administered to rats for 42 days. Behavioural assessments, gross morphological, histopathological, and neurochemical parameters were measured in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), blood plasma, and brain homogenates (cerebral cortex, hippocampus, striatum, midbrain, cerebellum) along with complete blood count (CBC) analysis. Results revealed OLA's significant neuroprotective properties. OLA effectively modulated targeted pathways, reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines, restoring normal levels of myelin basic protein (MBP) and neurofilament light chain (NEFL), and reducing histopathological changes. Gross pathological studies indicated less tissue damage, while CBC analysis showed improved hematology parameters. Additionally, the combination of OLA and edaravone (10 mg/kg, i.p.) demonstrated enhanced efficacy, improving motor functions and extending survival in ALS model rats. In conclusion, OLA exhibits significant therapeutic potential for ALS, acting as a potent modulator of key pathological signaling pathways. The findings suggest the feasibility of integrating OLA into existing treatment regimens, potentially improving clinical outcomes for ALS patients. However, further research must validate these findings in human clinical trials.
肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症(ALS)是一种进行性神经退行性疾病,会使运动神经元逐渐退化,导致脱髓鞘、肌肉无力,最终导致呼吸衰竭。这种疾病涉及多个病理过程,如谷氨酸水平升高、线粒体功能障碍和持续性神经炎症,而汞等环境毒素往往会加重病情。本研究探讨了油橄榄活性植物成分齐墩果酸(OLA)通过靶向过度激活的 PI3K/Akt/mTOR/STAT-3/GSK-3β 信号通路对 ALS 的治疗潜力。实验方法包括室内研究、体外和体内实验,在这些实验中,给大鼠注射不同剂量的甲基汞(5 毫克/千克,口服)和 OLA(100 和 200 毫克/千克,静脉注射),共 42 天。对大鼠的脑脊液(CSF)、血浆、脑匀浆(大脑皮层、海马、纹状体、中脑、小脑)以及全血细胞计数(CBC)进行了行为评估、大体形态学、组织病理学和神经化学参数测定。结果显示,OLA 具有显著的神经保护特性。OLA 有效调节了目标通路,减少了促炎细胞因子,恢复了髓鞘碱性蛋白 (MBP) 和神经丝轻链 (NEFL) 的正常水平,并减少了组织病理学变化。大体病理研究显示组织损伤减少,而 CBC 分析显示血液学参数有所改善。此外,OLA 和依达拉奉(10 毫克/千克,静注)的联合用药还能增强疗效,改善 ALS 模型大鼠的运动功能并延长存活时间。总之,OLA 作为关键病理信号通路的强效调节剂,对 ALS 具有显著的治疗潜力。研究结果表明,将 OLA 纳入现有治疗方案是可行的,有可能改善 ALS 患者的临床疗效。不过,进一步的研究必须在人体临床试验中验证这些发现。
{"title":"Therapeutic potential of oleanolic acid in modulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR/STAT-3/GSK-3β signaling pathways and neuroprotection against methylmercury-induced neurodegeneration","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105876","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105876","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that gradually deteriorates motor neurons, leading to demyelination, muscle weakness, and eventually respiratory failure. The disease involves several pathological processes, such as increased glutamate levels, mitochondrial dysfunction, and persistent neuroinflammation, often exacerbated by environmental toxins like mercury. This study explores the therapeutic potential of Olea europaea active phytoconstituents oleanolic acid (OLA) against ALS by targeting the overactivated PI3K/Akt/mTOR/STAT-3/GSK-3β signalling pathways. Methods involved in-silico studies, in vitro and in vivo experiments in which varying doses of methylmercury 5 mg/kg, <em>p.o.</em> and OLA (100 and 200 mg/kg, <em>i.p.</em>) were administered to rats for 42 days. Behavioural assessments, gross morphological, histopathological, and neurochemical parameters were measured in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), blood plasma, and brain homogenates (cerebral cortex, hippocampus, striatum, midbrain, cerebellum) along with complete blood count (CBC) analysis. Results revealed OLA's significant neuroprotective properties. OLA effectively modulated targeted pathways, reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines, restoring normal levels of myelin basic protein (MBP) and neurofilament light chain (NEFL), and reducing histopathological changes. Gross pathological studies indicated less tissue damage, while CBC analysis showed improved hematology parameters. Additionally, the combination of OLA and edaravone (10 mg/kg, <em>i.p.</em>) demonstrated enhanced efficacy, improving motor functions and extending survival in ALS model rats. In conclusion, OLA exhibits significant therapeutic potential for ALS, acting as a potent modulator of key pathological signaling pathways. The findings suggest the feasibility of integrating OLA into existing treatment regimens, potentially improving clinical outcomes for ALS patients. However, further research must validate these findings in human clinical trials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":398,"journal":{"name":"Neurochemistry international","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142378943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The evolving pathophysiology of TBI and the advantages of temporally-guided combination therapies 创伤性脑损伤不断发展的病理生理学以及时间引导的综合疗法的优势。
IF 4.4 3区 医学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105874
Several clinical and experimental studies have demonstrated that traumatic brain injury (TBI) activates cascades of biochemical, molecular, structural, and pathological changes in the brain. These changes combine to contribute to the various outcomes observed after TBI. Given the breadth and complexity of changes, combination treatments may be an effective approach for targeting multiple detrimental pathways to yield meaningful improvements. In order to identify targets for therapy development, the temporally evolving pathophysiology of TBI needs to be elucidated in detail at both the cellular and molecular levels, as it has been shown that the mechanisms contributing to cognitive dysfunction change over time. Thus, a combination of individual mechanism-based therapies is likely to be effective when maintained based on the time courses of the cellular and molecular changes being targeted. In this review, we will discuss the temporal changes of some of the key clinical pathologies of human TBI, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms, and the results from preclinical and clinical studies aimed at mitigating their consequences. As most of the pathological events that occur after TBI are likely to have subsided in the chronic stage of the disease, combination treatments aimed at attenuating chronic conditions such as cognitive dysfunction may not require the initiation of individual treatments at a specific time. We propose that a combination of acute, subacute, and chronic interventions may be necessary to maximally improve health-related quality of life (HRQoL) for persons who have sustained a TBI.
多项临床和实验研究表明,创伤性脑损伤(TBI)会激活大脑中的一系列生化、分子、结构和病理变化。这些变化共同导致了创伤性脑损伤后观察到的各种结果。鉴于变化的广泛性和复杂性,综合治疗可能是针对多种有害途径的有效方法,从而产生有意义的改善。为了确定治疗开发的靶点,需要从细胞和分子两个层面详细阐明创伤性脑损伤随时间演变的病理生理学,因为事实表明,导致认知功能障碍的机制会随着时间的推移而改变。因此,根据所针对的细胞和分子变化的时间进程来维持基于个体机制的综合疗法可能会有效。在本综述中,我们将讨论人类创伤性脑损伤一些关键临床病理的时间变化、潜在的细胞和分子机制,以及旨在减轻其后果的临床前和临床研究的结果。由于创伤性脑损伤后发生的大多数病理事件可能在疾病的慢性阶段已经消退,因此旨在减轻认知功能障碍等慢性疾病的综合治疗可能不需要在特定时间启动单独的治疗。我们建议,为了最大限度地改善创伤性脑损伤患者与健康相关的生活质量(HRQoL),可能有必要将急性、亚急性和慢性干预措施结合起来。
{"title":"The evolving pathophysiology of TBI and the advantages of temporally-guided combination therapies","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105874","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105874","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Several clinical and experimental studies have demonstrated that traumatic brain injury (TBI) activates cascades of biochemical, molecular, structural, and pathological changes in the brain. These changes combine to contribute to the various outcomes observed after TBI. Given the breadth and complexity of changes, combination treatments may be an effective approach for targeting multiple detrimental pathways to yield meaningful improvements. In order to identify targets for therapy development, the temporally evolving pathophysiology of TBI needs to be elucidated in detail at both the cellular and molecular levels, as it has been shown that the mechanisms contributing to cognitive dysfunction change over time. Thus, a combination of individual mechanism-based therapies is likely to be effective when maintained based on the time courses of the cellular and molecular changes being targeted. In this review, we will discuss the temporal changes of some of the key clinical pathologies of human TBI, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms, and the results from preclinical and clinical studies aimed at mitigating their consequences. As most of the pathological events that occur after TBI are likely to have subsided in the chronic stage of the disease, combination treatments aimed at attenuating chronic conditions such as cognitive dysfunction may not require the initiation of individual treatments at a specific time. We propose that a combination of acute, subacute, and chronic interventions may be necessary to maximally improve health-related quality of life (HRQoL) for persons who have sustained a TBI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":398,"journal":{"name":"Neurochemistry international","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142374878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Crosstalk between peripheral inflammation and brain: Focus on the responses of microglia and astrocytes to peripheral challenge 外周炎症与大脑之间的相互影响:关注小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞对外周挑战的反应。
IF 4.4 3区 医学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105872
A growing body of evidence supports the link between peripheral inflammation and impairment of neurologic functions, including mood and cognitive abilities. The pathogenic event connecting peripheral inflammation and brain dysfunction is represented by neuroinflammation, a pathogenic phenomenon that provides an important contribution to neurodegeneration and cognitive decline also in Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's diseases, as well as in Multiple Sclerosis. It is driven by resident brain immune cells, microglia and astrocytes, that acquire an activated phenotype in response to proinflammatory molecules moving from the periphery to the brain parenchyma. Although a huge progress has been made in clarifying cellular and molecular mechanisms bridging peripheral and central inflammation, a clear picture has not been achieved so far. Therefore, experimental models are of crucial relevance to clarify knowledge gaps in this regard. Many findings demonstrate that systemic inflammation induced by pathogen-associated molecular patterns, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), is able to trigger neuroinflammation. Therefore, LPS-administration is widely considered a useful tool to study this phenomenon. On this basis, the present review will focus on in vivo studies based on acute and subacute effects of systemic administration of LPS, with special attention on the state of art of microglia and astrocyte response to peripheral challenge.
越来越多的证据表明,外周炎症与神经功能(包括情绪和认知能力)受损之间存在联系。连接外周炎症和大脑功能障碍的致病因素是神经炎症,这种致病现象对阿尔茨海默氏症、帕金森氏症、亨廷顿氏症以及多发性硬化症的神经变性和认知能力下降有重要影响。它是由驻留的脑免疫细胞、小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞驱动的,这些细胞会对从外周向脑实质移动的促炎分子做出反应,从而获得活化的表型。虽然在阐明连接外周和中枢炎症的细胞和分子机制方面取得了巨大进展,但迄今为止还没有一个清晰的图景。因此,实验模型对于澄清这方面的知识差距至关重要。许多研究结果表明,病原体相关分子模式(如脂多糖)诱导的全身性炎症能够引发神经炎症。因此,LPS 给药被广泛认为是研究这一现象的有用工具。在此基础上,本综述将重点关注基于全身给药 LPS 的急性和亚急性效应的体内研究,并特别关注小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞对外周挑战的反应的最新进展。
{"title":"Crosstalk between peripheral inflammation and brain: Focus on the responses of microglia and astrocytes to peripheral challenge","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105872","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105872","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A growing body of evidence supports the link between peripheral inflammation and impairment of neurologic functions, including mood and cognitive abilities. The pathogenic event connecting peripheral inflammation and brain dysfunction is represented by neuroinflammation, a pathogenic phenomenon that provides an important contribution to neurodegeneration and cognitive decline also in Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's diseases, as well as in Multiple Sclerosis. It is driven by resident brain immune cells, microglia and astrocytes, that acquire an activated phenotype in response to proinflammatory molecules moving from the periphery to the brain parenchyma. Although a huge progress has been made in clarifying cellular and molecular mechanisms bridging peripheral and central inflammation, a clear picture has not been achieved so far. Therefore, experimental models are of crucial relevance to clarify knowledge gaps in this regard. Many findings demonstrate that systemic inflammation induced by pathogen-associated molecular patterns, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), is able to trigger neuroinflammation. Therefore, LPS-administration is widely considered a useful tool to study this phenomenon. On this basis, the present review will focus on <em>in vivo</em> studies based on acute and subacute effects of systemic administration of LPS, with special attention on the state of art of microglia and astrocyte response to peripheral challenge.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":398,"journal":{"name":"Neurochemistry international","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142370603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Neurochemistry international
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1