Since 2012, California has generated billions of dollars from its market-based green- house gas emissions reduction program, commonly known as Cap-and-Trade. These rev- enues, deposited in the state’s Greenhouse Gas Reduction Fund (GGRF), must be invest- ed in projects that will reduce greenhouse gas emissions while maximizing benefits for disadvantaged communities and households. SB 535 (de Leon 2012), as amended by AB 1550 (Gomez 2016), requires at least thirty-five percent of these revenues to be invested in projects that benefit disadvantaged community residents and low-income households and communities. Implementing these statutory requirements has been the work of a coalition of policy-advocacy and organizing groups, who have too often seen public in- vestment in environmental justice communities fail to meet the needs of low-income residents of color—or worse yet, actually harm them. This article presents the“ disad- vantaged community benefits” framework that this coalition developed, which is now incorporated in large part into statewide guidelines on climate investments. The frame- work offers a four-step process for evaluating whether a project meaningfully benefits a disadvantaged community: (1) whether a project meets an important need identified by underserved residents (2) in a way that provides them a significant benefit and (3) targets its benefits primarily to low-income people while (4) avoiding substantial burdens on a disadvantaged community. This article discusses the genesis of this framework and its importance in enabling local residents to shape investment decisions in their commu- nities, and then assesses a GGRF investment in affordable housing according to this framework. A key lesson of California’s experience in directing climate investments to benefit disadvantaged communities is that the same investments that promote the state’s climate goals are also helping to tackle the crisis of extreme inequality.
{"title":"A FRAMEWORK FOR EQUITABLE INVESTMENT","authors":"C. Tu, Richard A. Marcantonio","doi":"10.5070/BP328133861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5070/BP328133861","url":null,"abstract":"Since 2012, California has generated billions of dollars from its market-based green- house gas emissions reduction program, commonly known as Cap-and-Trade. These rev- enues, deposited in the state’s Greenhouse Gas Reduction Fund (GGRF), must be invest- ed in projects that will reduce greenhouse gas emissions while maximizing benefits for disadvantaged communities and households. SB 535 (de Leon 2012), as amended by AB 1550 (Gomez 2016), requires at least thirty-five percent of these revenues to be invested in projects that benefit disadvantaged community residents and low-income households and communities. Implementing these statutory requirements has been the work of a coalition of policy-advocacy and organizing groups, who have too often seen public in- vestment in environmental justice communities fail to meet the needs of low-income residents of color—or worse yet, actually harm them. This article presents the“ disad- vantaged community benefits” framework that this coalition developed, which is now incorporated in large part into statewide guidelines on climate investments. The frame- work offers a four-step process for evaluating whether a project meaningfully benefits a disadvantaged community: (1) whether a project meets an important need identified by underserved residents (2) in a way that provides them a significant benefit and (3) targets its benefits primarily to low-income people while (4) avoiding substantial burdens on a disadvantaged community. This article discusses the genesis of this framework and its importance in enabling local residents to shape investment decisions in their commu- nities, and then assesses a GGRF investment in affordable housing according to this framework. A key lesson of California’s experience in directing climate investments to benefit disadvantaged communities is that the same investments that promote the state’s climate goals are also helping to tackle the crisis of extreme inequality.","PeriodicalId":39937,"journal":{"name":"Berkeley Planning Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5070/BP328133861","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44587047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper investigates how the inclusion of political lifecycles and unrestricted housing development by private developers will impact the spatial arrangement and density of slums in a virtual urban environment. To do this, I build on the agent based model (ABM) entitled “Slumulation” developed by Crooks, Koizumi and Patel (2012). The intention of this is to generate conversation around the ways individual action impact the urban en- vironment, and also how other stakeholders in the city create conditions that motivate the emergence of certain spatial arrangements over time. Through the addition of code into the original model, I am able to augment the actions of two actors in particular: politicians and developers. Borrowing from literature, I include local political cycles that minimize the interaction between urban dwellers and politicians throughout most of the simulation, except for in the case of election times where special consideration is made that allows for lower rents and lax rule enforcement in exchange for political support. In the center of this city, housing developers are programmed to build housing for high- and middle-income households because the real estate sector and government policies are encouraging the construction of a new and modern urban image that slowly prices out lower-income residents of the inner city. These additions show that local politics and de- velopment without efforts to mitigate the impact on individual households may contribute to slums, high density urban neighborhoods, and the peripheralization of the city’s most vulnerable.
{"title":"A MODIFIED AGENT-BASED MODEL OF SLUM FORMATION","authors":"Alexander McGrath","doi":"10.5070/BP328133859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5070/BP328133859","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates how the inclusion of political lifecycles and unrestricted housing development by private developers will impact the spatial arrangement and density of slums in a virtual urban environment. To do this, I build on the agent based model (ABM) entitled “Slumulation” developed by Crooks, Koizumi and Patel (2012). The intention of this is to generate conversation around the ways individual action impact the urban en- vironment, and also how other stakeholders in the city create conditions that motivate the emergence of certain spatial arrangements over time. Through the addition of code into the original model, I am able to augment the actions of two actors in particular: politicians and developers. Borrowing from literature, I include local political cycles that minimize the interaction between urban dwellers and politicians throughout most of the simulation, except for in the case of election times where special consideration is made that allows for lower rents and lax rule enforcement in exchange for political support. In the center of this city, housing developers are programmed to build housing for high- and middle-income households because the real estate sector and government policies are encouraging the construction of a new and modern urban image that slowly prices out lower-income residents of the inner city. These additions show that local politics and de- velopment without efforts to mitigate the impact on individual households may contribute to slums, high density urban neighborhoods, and the peripheralization of the city’s most vulnerable.","PeriodicalId":39937,"journal":{"name":"Berkeley Planning Journal","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5070/BP328133859","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43316642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Toxic Schools: High-Poverty Education in New York and Amsterdam By Bowen Paulle University of Chicago Press, 2013 Reviewed by Ariel H. Bierbaum Bowen Paulle’s Toxic Schools is an often-riveting transatlantic comparative ethnography that focuses on the psychosocial dynamics of high-poverty high schools in New York City and Amsterdam. Paulle, a native New Yorker and US-trained sociologist, is a professor of social and behavioral sciences at the University of Amsterdam. His work builds not only on sociological theory, but also on public health and epidemiological research. Paulle argues that the heightened levels of violence and stress in high- poverty schools and neighborhoods are toxic to the health, well-being, and life trajectory of both students and teachers. His novel approach to toxicity offers rich material and insights for planning scholars and practitioners who work at the intersection of public health, education, and poverty studies. Planning scholars and practitioners understand that access to high-quality education, adequate health care, well-paying jobs, and affordable housing and transportation are the key components of people’s “geographies of opportunity.” While volumes of urban scholarship and policy today aim to build more equitable geographies of opportunity, this work’s focus on the metropolitan or regional scale does not allow for careful interrogation of the everyday reality of living in high-poverty neighborhoods and attending high-poverty schools. Toxic Schools helps fill this gap, bringing to life the uneven geographies of opportunity and raising important questions for our methodological approaches as planning scholars and practitioners that shape the contexts and built environments in which these high-poverty schools persist. Paulle’s narrative is based on six years of ethnographic fieldwork as a full- time high school teacher in the South Bronx of New York City and as a part- time high school teacher in southeast Amsterdam. Both neighborhoods and schools had high concentrations of poor and minority students. According to Paulle, in both locations students and teachers described their schools similarly as “the ghetto” and invoked metaphors of “dumping grounds” and “garbage cans.” Paulle uses his introductory chapter to situate the reader theoretically as well as geographically. For those not already familiar with scholarship in
鲍文·鲍勒的《有毒的学校:纽约和阿姆斯特丹的高贫困教育》是一本引人入胜的跨大西洋比较人种学著作，主要关注纽约市和阿姆斯特丹高贫困高中的社会心理动态。鲍勒是土生土长的纽约人，在美国接受过教育的社会学家，是阿姆斯特丹大学(University of Amsterdam)的社会与行为科学教授。他的工作不仅建立在社会学理论上，而且建立在公共卫生和流行病学研究上。Paulle认为，在高度贫困的学校和社区中，暴力和压力的加剧对学生和教师的健康、福祉和生活轨迹都是有害的。他研究毒性的新颖方法为从事公共卫生、教育和贫困研究交叉领域的规划学者和实践者提供了丰富的材料和见解。规划学者和实践者明白，获得高质量的教育、充足的医疗保健、高薪工作以及负担得起的住房和交通是人们“机会地理”的关键组成部分。虽然今天大量的城市研究和政策旨在建立更公平的机会地域，但这项工作的重点是大都市或区域规模，没有考虑到生活在高贫困社区和就读高贫困学校的日常现实。有毒学校帮助填补了这一空白，使机会的不均匀地理分布栩栩如生，并为我们作为规划学者和实践者的方法论提出了重要问题，这些规划学者和实践者塑造了这些高贫困学校持续存在的背景和建造环境。保罗的叙述是基于他在纽约南布朗克斯担任全职高中教师和在阿姆斯特丹东南部担任兼职高中教师六年的民族志田野调查。社区和学校都高度集中了贫困学生和少数民族学生。根据Paulle的说法，在这两个地方，学生和老师都将他们的学校描述为“贫民窟”，并引用了“垃圾场”和“垃圾桶”的隐喻。鲍勒用他的引言章节从理论上和地理上为读者定位。对于那些还不熟悉奖学金的人
{"title":"Toxic Schools: High-Poverty Education in New York and Amsterdam By Bowen Paulle","authors":"Ariel H. Bierbaum","doi":"10.5070/bp327124505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5070/bp327124505","url":null,"abstract":"Toxic Schools: High-Poverty Education in New York and Amsterdam By Bowen Paulle University of Chicago Press, 2013 Reviewed by Ariel H. Bierbaum Bowen Paulle’s Toxic Schools is an often-riveting transatlantic comparative ethnography that focuses on the psychosocial dynamics of high-poverty high schools in New York City and Amsterdam. Paulle, a native New Yorker and US-trained sociologist, is a professor of social and behavioral sciences at the University of Amsterdam. His work builds not only on sociological theory, but also on public health and epidemiological research. Paulle argues that the heightened levels of violence and stress in high- poverty schools and neighborhoods are toxic to the health, well-being, and life trajectory of both students and teachers. His novel approach to toxicity offers rich material and insights for planning scholars and practitioners who work at the intersection of public health, education, and poverty studies. Planning scholars and practitioners understand that access to high-quality education, adequate health care, well-paying jobs, and affordable housing and transportation are the key components of people’s “geographies of opportunity.” While volumes of urban scholarship and policy today aim to build more equitable geographies of opportunity, this work’s focus on the metropolitan or regional scale does not allow for careful interrogation of the everyday reality of living in high-poverty neighborhoods and attending high-poverty schools. Toxic Schools helps fill this gap, bringing to life the uneven geographies of opportunity and raising important questions for our methodological approaches as planning scholars and practitioners that shape the contexts and built environments in which these high-poverty schools persist. Paulle’s narrative is based on six years of ethnographic fieldwork as a full- time high school teacher in the South Bronx of New York City and as a part- time high school teacher in southeast Amsterdam. Both neighborhoods and schools had high concentrations of poor and minority students. According to Paulle, in both locations students and teachers described their schools similarly as “the ghetto” and invoked metaphors of “dumping grounds” and “garbage cans.” Paulle uses his introductory chapter to situate the reader theoretically as well as geographically. For those not already familiar with scholarship in","PeriodicalId":39937,"journal":{"name":"Berkeley Planning Journal","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5070/bp327124505","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70704700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Much has been made recently of Los Angeles’s transformation to a transit- friendly city. A speaker at this spring’s Transit & Cities conference at UC Berkeley, hosted by the Institute of Urban and Regional Development, lamented the increasingly prohibitive housing prices in Downtown LA, even as there is demand for commuters to live closer to work and spend less time in their cars. Yet the traditional view of transit riders of “necessity” versus “choice” pits low-income bus riders against more affluent rail riders and raises questions about the much higher cost per rider of rail. What can planning scholars and practitioners do to inform and enlighten the political process around rail and bus development? What are the metrics by which we should evaluate investment in different forms of transit infrastructure before and after it is built? What should be the relationship between equity, cost, and political feasibility? The BPJ editors posed these questions to Professor Martin Wachs of UCLA and Professor Ethan Elkind of UC Berkeley after their recent IURD Transit & Cities lecture on Elkind’s 2014 book, Railtown: The Fight for the Los Angeles Metro Rail and the Future of the City (UC Press). The talk focused on the history of rail politics in LA and served as a useful springboard for further discussion in this journal on the role of planners today in promoting equitable mobility in cities.
{"title":"Is Rail Worth It","authors":"M. Wachs, Ethan N. Elkind","doi":"10.5070/bp327124491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5070/bp327124491","url":null,"abstract":"Much has been made recently of Los Angeles’s transformation to a transit- friendly city. A speaker at this spring’s Transit & Cities conference at UC Berkeley, hosted by the Institute of Urban and Regional Development, lamented the increasingly prohibitive housing prices in Downtown LA, even as there is demand for commuters to live closer to work and spend less time in their cars. Yet the traditional view of transit riders of “necessity” versus “choice” pits low-income bus riders against more affluent rail riders and raises questions about the much higher cost per rider of rail. What can planning scholars and practitioners do to inform and enlighten the political process around rail and bus development? What are the metrics by which we should evaluate investment in different forms of transit infrastructure before and after it is built? What should be the relationship between equity, cost, and political feasibility? The BPJ editors posed these questions to Professor Martin Wachs of UCLA and Professor Ethan Elkind of UC Berkeley after their recent IURD Transit & Cities lecture on Elkind’s 2014 book, Railtown: The Fight for the Los Angeles Metro Rail and the Future of the City (UC Press). The talk focused on the history of rail politics in LA and served as a useful springboard for further discussion in this journal on the role of planners today in promoting equitable mobility in cities.","PeriodicalId":39937,"journal":{"name":"Berkeley Planning Journal","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5070/bp327124491","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70704838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Author(s): Newmark, Gregory L. | Abstract: This research makes the radical claim that there is a social equity differences between the travel patterns of disadvantaged and non- disadvantaged groups. This research then proposes and applies an innovative methodology to help planners assess the social equity of policy interventions that result in changing travel behaviors. This methodology distinguishes between outcome equity and impact equity, proffers non-parametric and parametric statistical tests for identifying the existence (or absence) of both types of equity, and presents a theoretical framework of ranked scenarios, applies this methodology to survey data collected after a disruption in retail land use patterns in post-soviet Prague to both identify equity model.
{"title":"Assessing the Equity of Changing Travel Behaviors","authors":"G. Newmark","doi":"10.5070/BP327124499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5070/BP327124499","url":null,"abstract":"Author(s): Newmark, Gregory L. | Abstract: This research makes the radical claim that there is a social equity differences between the travel patterns of disadvantaged and non- disadvantaged groups. This research then proposes and applies an innovative methodology to help planners assess the social equity of policy interventions that result in changing travel behaviors. This methodology distinguishes between outcome equity and impact equity, proffers non-parametric and parametric statistical tests for identifying the existence (or absence) of both types of equity, and presents a theoretical framework of ranked scenarios, applies this methodology to survey data collected after a disruption in retail land use patterns in post-soviet Prague to both identify equity model.","PeriodicalId":39937,"journal":{"name":"Berkeley Planning Journal","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5070/BP327124499","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70705029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Author(s): Newmark, Gregory | Abstract: This research proposes and applies an innovative methodology to help planners assess the social equity of policy for disadvantaged and non-disadvantaged population groups. This methodology distinguishes between outcome equity and impact equity, proffers non-parametric and parametric statistical tests for identifying the existence (or absence) of both types of equity, and presents a theoretical framework of ranked scenarios which integrate the findings from the statistical tests. This research then applies this methodology to land use / transportation research by examining the equity of changes in shopping travel behaviors that have accompanied the emergence of new retail land uses on the fringe of Prague. Finally, this research evaluates both the specific equity findings from the Prague data set as well as the general utility of the proposed equity model.
{"title":"A THEORETICAL MODEL FOR THE INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT OF OUTCOME AND IMPACT EQUITY: A LAND USE / TRAVEL BEHAVIOR APPLICATION","authors":"G. Newmark","doi":"10.5070/bp327121350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5070/bp327121350","url":null,"abstract":"Author(s): Newmark, Gregory | Abstract: This research proposes and applies an innovative methodology to help planners assess the social equity of policy for disadvantaged and non-disadvantaged population groups. This methodology distinguishes between outcome equity and impact equity, proffers non-parametric and parametric statistical tests for identifying the existence (or absence) of both types of equity, and presents a theoretical framework of ranked scenarios which integrate the findings from the statistical tests. This research then applies this methodology to land use / transportation research by examining the equity of changes in shopping travel behaviors that have accompanied the emergence of new retail land uses on the fringe of Prague. Finally, this research evaluates both the specific equity findings from the Prague data set as well as the general utility of the proposed equity model.","PeriodicalId":39937,"journal":{"name":"Berkeley Planning Journal","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5070/bp327121350","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70704574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Berkeley Planning Journal, Volume 27, 2014 Call for Papers: Volume 28 Deadline January 10, 2015 The Berkeley Planning journal would like to invite submissions for Volume 28 from all planning and related fields. These fields may include geography, environmental studies, transportation, sociology, political ecology, urban theory, public health, and others. The Berkeley Planning journal is now published annually in an online format and is available in print from Amazon.com. The Berkeley Planning journal focuses on research-based papers and book reviews, but also publishes creative formats such as essays, photo essays, and interviews. Submission guidelines and our online submission system can be accessed at http://ced.berkeley.edu/bpj/submit-to-the- journal/. Each year the Berkeley Planning Journal awards one author the Kaye Bock Student Paper award for an outstanding submission that is accompanied by a $250 cash gift.
{"title":"Call for Papers: Volume 28","authors":"Heather Arata, Elizabeth Mattiuzzi","doi":"10.5070/BP327124512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5070/BP327124512","url":null,"abstract":"Berkeley Planning Journal, Volume 27, 2014 Call for Papers: Volume 28 Deadline January 10, 2015 The Berkeley Planning journal would like to invite submissions for Volume 28 from all planning and related fields. These fields may include geography, environmental studies, transportation, sociology, political ecology, urban theory, public health, and others. The Berkeley Planning journal is now published annually in an online format and is available in print from Amazon.com. The Berkeley Planning journal focuses on research-based papers and book reviews, but also publishes creative formats such as essays, photo essays, and interviews. Submission guidelines and our online submission system can be accessed at http://ced.berkeley.edu/bpj/submit-to-the- journal/. Each year the Berkeley Planning Journal awards one author the Kaye Bock Student Paper award for an outstanding submission that is accompanied by a $250 cash gift.","PeriodicalId":39937,"journal":{"name":"Berkeley Planning Journal","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5070/BP327124512","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70704670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Book Review, Infrastructure Planning and Finance: A Smart and Sustainable Guide for Local Practitioners","authors":"H. Clark","doi":"10.5070/bp327121652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5070/bp327121652","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39937,"journal":{"name":"Berkeley Planning Journal","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5070/bp327121652","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70704216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Turkey’s biggest villa city eco-project located near Catalca in Istanbul fails in fulfilling the aspects of an ecological planning and moreover becomes a land piece of rows of summer houses on a resource protection area. Despite its large scale planning, this gated villa town has recently turned into a ghost town and a still life architecture without much notice. However, there are remedies for transforming this area into an ecological park by implanting renewable energies.
{"title":"Still Life Architecture","authors":"Esen Gökçe Özdamar","doi":"10.5070/BP327120857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5070/BP327120857","url":null,"abstract":"Turkey’s biggest villa city eco-project located near Catalca in Istanbul fails in fulfilling the aspects of an ecological planning and moreover becomes a land piece of rows of summer houses on a resource protection area. Despite its large scale planning, this gated villa town has recently turned into a ghost town and a still life architecture without much notice. However, there are remedies for transforming this area into an ecological park by implanting renewable energies.","PeriodicalId":39937,"journal":{"name":"Berkeley Planning Journal","volume":"151 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5070/BP327120857","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70704203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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