Pub Date : 2025-04-18DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5c00283
Mingwei Jia, Yuan Yao, Yi Liu
The advances of data-driven modeling methods bring new opportunities to numerous intractable tasks in industrial process modeling and exploration. Nevertheless, the extension of these applications has encountered challenges: reliance on large amounts of high-quality training data, generating physically inconsistent solutions, and low interpretability. There is a growing consensus that graph neural networks (GNNs) offer a promising solution for the above challenges by integrating variable interactions, process mechanisms, and expert knowledge into data-driven modeling methods. This review introduces a range of classic GNN architectures and highlights how they address challenges in traditional process modeling, such as ensuring physical consistency and interpretability. Different from existing reviews, it discusses GNN development from the perspectives of prior knowledge and labeled data availability, covering applications in soft sensing, fault diagnosis, and process monitoring. Real-world implementation frameworks and relevant software packages are summarized to illustrate the practical benefits of GNNs for improving operational efficiency and safety. Additionally, a series of benchmark processes suitable for GNN evaluation are presented. Finally, current limitations and future research directions are identified, aiming to guide broad and deep GNN adoption in the process industries.
{"title":"Review on Graph Neural Networks for Process Soft Sensor Development, Fault Diagnosis, and Process Monitoring","authors":"Mingwei Jia, Yuan Yao, Yi Liu","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5c00283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.5c00283","url":null,"abstract":"The advances of data-driven modeling methods bring new opportunities to numerous intractable tasks in industrial process modeling and exploration. Nevertheless, the extension of these applications has encountered challenges: reliance on large amounts of high-quality training data, generating physically inconsistent solutions, and low interpretability. There is a growing consensus that graph neural networks (GNNs) offer a promising solution for the above challenges by integrating variable interactions, process mechanisms, and expert knowledge into data-driven modeling methods. This review introduces a range of classic GNN architectures and highlights how they address challenges in traditional process modeling, such as ensuring physical consistency and interpretability. Different from existing reviews, it discusses GNN development from the perspectives of prior knowledge and labeled data availability, covering applications in soft sensing, fault diagnosis, and process monitoring. Real-world implementation frameworks and relevant software packages are summarized to illustrate the practical benefits of GNNs for improving operational efficiency and safety. Additionally, a series of benchmark processes suitable for GNN evaluation are presented. Finally, current limitations and future research directions are identified, aiming to guide broad and deep GNN adoption in the process industries.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143849983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
High-performance polyimide foams combining exceptional heat resistance with robust mechanical properties are increasingly in demand in lightweight applications requiring thermal stability, insulation, and flame retardancy. Herein, we present a scalable fabrication strategy for thermally stable and compression strength robust co-cross-linked acetylene-terminated polyimide rigid foams (PIRFs) through the foaming of acetylene-end-capped precursor powders using a norbornene-terminated cross-linking blowing agent (NE-CBA). A series of acetylene-terminated polyimide oligomers (AE-PIO) with controlled molecular weights were synthesized and subsequently melt-copolymerized with an m-phenylenediamine-derived cross-linking blowing agent (NE-CBA-MPD) to establish high-density co-cross-linked networks. The polyimide rigid foams (PIRFs) synthesized from acetylene-terminated precursor powders (Mn = 2264 g/mol) demonstrate exceptional multifunctional characteristics. Specifically, these materials exhibit remarkable thermal stability evidenced by a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 415.1 °C and 10% weight loss temperature (T10%) at 572.0 °C. The mechanical performance remains robust across temperature regimes, with compressive strengths of 2.72 MPa at ambient conditions and 2.58 MPa under thermal stress at 200 °C, achieved at a low density of 140 kg/m3. Furthermore, the foams display superior insulation capabilities, maintaining ultralow thermal conductivity values (λ < 0.035 W/m·K) throughout the 25–200 °C range. Notably, the material achieves Class A fire resistance standards with a limiting oxygen index (LOI) exceeding 45%, demonstrating exceptional flame retardancy. These co-cross-linked PIRFs achieved an optimal balance between structural integrity and foam expansion, showing significant potential as advanced structural materials for extreme environments in aerospace engineering, naval architecture, rail transportation, and other specialized high-temperature applications.
{"title":"Highly Heat-Resistant and Compression Strength Strong Co-cross-linked Acetylene-Based End-Capped Polyimide Foams Using a Norbornene-Based Blowing Agent","authors":"Xianzhe Sheng, Shuhuan Yun, Xing Miao, Zhenyu Xiong, Weiran Tang, Xuetao Shi, Jianbin Qin, Zhonglei Ma, Yongsheng Zhao, Guangcheng Zhang","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5c00353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.5c00353","url":null,"abstract":"High-performance polyimide foams combining exceptional heat resistance with robust mechanical properties are increasingly in demand in lightweight applications requiring thermal stability, insulation, and flame retardancy. Herein, we present a scalable fabrication strategy for thermally stable and compression strength robust co-cross-linked acetylene-terminated polyimide rigid foams (PIRFs) through the foaming of acetylene-end-capped precursor powders using a norbornene-terminated cross-linking blowing agent (NE-CBA). A series of acetylene-terminated polyimide oligomers (AE-PIO) with controlled molecular weights were synthesized and subsequently melt-copolymerized with an <i>m</i>-phenylenediamine-derived cross-linking blowing agent (NE-CBA-MPD) to establish high-density co-cross-linked networks. The polyimide rigid foams (PIRFs) synthesized from acetylene-terminated precursor powders (Mn = 2264 g/mol) demonstrate exceptional multifunctional characteristics. Specifically, these materials exhibit remarkable thermal stability evidenced by a glass transition temperature (<i>T</i><sub>g</sub>) of 415.1 °C and 10% weight loss temperature (<i>T</i><sub>10%</sub>) at 572.0 °C. The mechanical performance remains robust across temperature regimes, with compressive strengths of 2.72 MPa at ambient conditions and 2.58 MPa under thermal stress at 200 °C, achieved at a low density of 140 kg/m<sup>3</sup>. Furthermore, the foams display superior insulation capabilities, maintaining ultralow thermal conductivity values (λ < 0.035 W/m·K) throughout the 25–200 °C range. Notably, the material achieves Class A fire resistance standards with a limiting oxygen index (LOI) exceeding 45%, demonstrating exceptional flame retardancy. These co-cross-linked PIRFs achieved an optimal balance between structural integrity and foam expansion, showing significant potential as advanced structural materials for extreme environments in aerospace engineering, naval architecture, rail transportation, and other specialized high-temperature applications.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143846751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-18DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.4c05001
Adarsh K. Mourya, Rudra P. Singh, Atul V. Wankhade
Here, we report the synthesis of novel DFNS/WO3 photocatalysts through a hydrothermal method. A thorough exploration of the crystal phase purity, optical absorption properties, and morphology of DFNS/WO3 was undertaken, employing techniques such as powder X-ray diffraction (P-XRD), 29Si cross-polarization magic angle spinning NMR (29Si CPMAS NMR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis. This comprehensive characterization revealed the existence of a distinctive interface between WO3 nanoparticles and the dendritic fibrous nanosilica (DFNS) surface. In photocatalytic water-splitting experiments, the DFNS/WO3 nanocomposite, featuring 7 wt% of WO3 on DFNS, demonstrated a remarkable increase in oxygen evolution rate (1863 μmol h–1 g–1cat) compared to pure WO3 (361 μmol h–1 g–1cat), marking a notable five-time improvement. This study presents an innovative approach to developing an efficient photocatalytic system by incorporating DFNS/WO3 nanocomposites, where WO3 possesses an optimal band gap of 2.96 eV, making it highly suitable for photocatalytic water splitting. The DFNS/WO3 photocatalyst demonstrates remarkable catalytic activity, stability, and reusability, addressing key considerations for practical applications. This study provides an innovative strategy for designing advanced photocatalytic systems capable of efficient and sustainable oxygen evolution under visible light.
{"title":"Tailoring Photocatalytic Efficiency: DFNS/WO3 Nanocomposite with Engineered Interface for Enhanced Oxygen Evolution","authors":"Adarsh K. Mourya, Rudra P. Singh, Atul V. Wankhade","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.4c05001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.4c05001","url":null,"abstract":"Here, we report the synthesis of novel DFNS/WO<sub>3</sub> photocatalysts through a hydrothermal method. A thorough exploration of the crystal phase purity, optical absorption properties, and morphology of DFNS/WO<sub>3</sub> was undertaken, employing techniques such as powder X-ray diffraction (P-XRD), <sup>29</sup>Si cross-polarization magic angle spinning NMR (<sup>29</sup>Si CPMAS NMR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis. This comprehensive characterization revealed the existence of a distinctive interface between WO<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles and the dendritic fibrous nanosilica (DFNS) surface. In photocatalytic water-splitting experiments, the DFNS/WO<sub>3</sub> nanocomposite, featuring 7 wt% of WO<sub>3</sub> on DFNS, demonstrated a remarkable increase in oxygen evolution rate (1863 μmol h<sup>–1</sup> g<sup>–1</sup><sub>cat</sub>) compared to pure WO<sub>3</sub> (361 μmol h<sup>–1</sup> g<sup>–1</sup><sub>cat</sub>), marking a notable five-time improvement. This study presents an innovative approach to developing an efficient photocatalytic system by incorporating DFNS/WO<sub>3</sub> nanocomposites, where WO<sub>3</sub> possesses an optimal band gap of 2.96 eV, making it highly suitable for photocatalytic water splitting. The DFNS/WO<sub>3</sub> photocatalyst demonstrates remarkable catalytic activity, stability, and reusability, addressing key considerations for practical applications. This study provides an innovative strategy for designing advanced photocatalytic systems capable of efficient and sustainable oxygen evolution under visible light.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"219 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143846750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oxygen vacancies (OV) affect the catalytic activity of the catalyst by changing the crystal and electronic structure. Therefore, the regulation of the oxygen vacancy is the key to enhancing the catalytic ability of the catalysts. This paper presents a way to regulate OV in SrMnO3 during chemical looping oxidative dehydrogenation (CL-ODH) for ethylbenzene by incorporating urea into the conventional citrate process. The creation of oxygen vacancies can be regulated by modifying the quantity of urea introduced, thereby enhancing the oxygen storage capabilities and catalytic efficacy of the catalyst. The optimized catalyst demonstrated effective dehydrogenation activity at 500 °C, but the material became deactivated after the initial 13 redox cycles. This results from the extensive carbonization and degradation of the perovskite catalyst’s structure. The deactivated catalyst was decarbonized in an oxygen environment at 950 °C, while the carbonate was successfully removed, and the perovskite structure was restored. Moreover, the decarbonized catalyst maintained 90% ethylbenzene conversion and 95% styrene selectivity in the redox cycle at 500 °C. This study provides a strategy for modulating oxygen vacancies on oxygen carriers and also offers novel perspectives for designing efficient ODH catalysts, which has significant potential for energy savings in styrene production.
{"title":"Oxygen-Vacancies Enriched SrMnO3 for Chemical Looping Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Ethylbenzene","authors":"Wangyixin Zhang, Juping Zhang, Xinrui Dai, Dongfang Li, Tao Zhu, Xing Zhu","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5c00301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.5c00301","url":null,"abstract":"Oxygen vacancies (OV) affect the catalytic activity of the catalyst by changing the crystal and electronic structure. Therefore, the regulation of the oxygen vacancy is the key to enhancing the catalytic ability of the catalysts. This paper presents a way to regulate OV in SrMnO<sub>3</sub> during chemical looping oxidative dehydrogenation (CL-ODH) for ethylbenzene by incorporating urea into the conventional citrate process. The creation of oxygen vacancies can be regulated by modifying the quantity of urea introduced, thereby enhancing the oxygen storage capabilities and catalytic efficacy of the catalyst. The optimized catalyst demonstrated effective dehydrogenation activity at 500 °C, but the material became deactivated after the initial 13 redox cycles. This results from the extensive carbonization and degradation of the perovskite catalyst’s structure. The deactivated catalyst was decarbonized in an oxygen environment at 950 °C, while the carbonate was successfully removed, and the perovskite structure was restored. Moreover, the decarbonized catalyst maintained 90% ethylbenzene conversion and 95% styrene selectivity in the redox cycle at 500 °C. This study provides a strategy for modulating oxygen vacancies on oxygen carriers and also offers novel perspectives for designing efficient ODH catalysts, which has significant potential for energy savings in styrene production.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143846754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study presents an investigation into the sulfonation of tanshinone IIA, using sulfur trioxide (SO3) as the sulfonation agent in a microchannel continuous sulfonation system. Key process parameters including pressure, temperature, molar ratio of raw materials, and residence time were examined. After optimization, the sulfonation reaction yield reached 93.2% with a residence time of 5 min and a pressure of 1.5 MPa. To enhance the mass transfer, three types of micromixers were investigated. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) results showed that the grid-cross-linked micromixer exhibited the highest mixing efficiency at low Reynolds numbers. Finally, by adopting the grid-crossing micromixer to improve mass transfer efficiency, the sulfonation reaction yield reached 90% at atmospheric pressure.
{"title":"Continuous Flow Synthesis of Sodium Tanshinone IIA Sulfonate in Microreactors: Micromixer Design and Process Intensification","authors":"Haitao Wan, Shuliang Min, Chaoying Wang, Wei Yu, Changlu Zhou, Zhong Xin","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5c00805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.5c00805","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents an investigation into the sulfonation of tanshinone II<sub>A</sub>, using sulfur trioxide (SO<sub>3</sub>) as the sulfonation agent in a microchannel continuous sulfonation system. Key process parameters including pressure, temperature, molar ratio of raw materials, and residence time were examined. After optimization, the sulfonation reaction yield reached 93.2% with a residence time of 5 min and a pressure of 1.5 MPa. To enhance the mass transfer, three types of micromixers were investigated. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) results showed that the grid-cross-linked micromixer exhibited the highest mixing efficiency at low Reynolds numbers. Finally, by adopting the grid-crossing micromixer to improve mass transfer efficiency, the sulfonation reaction yield reached 90% at atmospheric pressure.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143841443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-17DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5c00195
Peng Zhu, Cun Liu, Yue Han, Guoshu Gao, Yumeng Zhao, Xiongfu Zhang, Guodong Liu, Guohui Yang
The high-efficiency production of ethylbenzene via benzene-ethanol alkylation is a promising strategy for optimizing resource integration between the petrochemical and coal chemical sectors. Herein, the diffusion properties and acidity of ZSM-5 nanosheets were effectively tailored via modulation of the b-axis thickness and in situ Fe-isomorphous substitution. A comprehensive range of physicochemical analysis revealed that the sample with a 40 nm b-axis thickness exhibited a significant increase in both specific surface area and total pore volume, and meanwhile, partial Fe isomorphous substitution within the ZSM-5 framework facilitated a moderate decrease in Brønsted acid sites without significantly sacrificing total acid sites. Thanks to the well-balanced acidic density, types, and strength to inhibit the side reactions during benzene alkylation with ethanol, as well as the enhanced mass transfer facilitated by the thin b-axis, the optimized Fe-substituted nanosheet catalyst, featuring a b-axis thickness of around 40 nm and an Fe/Fe + Al ratio of 0.33, demonstrated exceptional catalytic performance. This catalyst achieved a benzene conversion of 68.5% and ethyl selectivity of 99.0% at a low benzene-to-ethanol ratio (1:1) with a weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) of 4 h–1, Additionally, this catalyst also could exhibit exceptional stability, maintaining its catalytic activity over 182 h even at a high WHSV of 12 h–1. This study proposes an efficient strategy for synergistic optimization involving mitigating mass-transfer influence and in situ modulating acidity, offering valuable insights into rational design of high-performance zeolite catalysts for benzene-ethanol alkylation.
{"title":"Enhancing Catalytic Performance for Benzene Alkylation with Ethanol over Fe-Substituted ZSM-5 Nanosheets by Controlling Diffusion and Acidity","authors":"Peng Zhu, Cun Liu, Yue Han, Guoshu Gao, Yumeng Zhao, Xiongfu Zhang, Guodong Liu, Guohui Yang","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5c00195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.5c00195","url":null,"abstract":"The high-efficiency production of ethylbenzene via benzene-ethanol alkylation is a promising strategy for optimizing resource integration between the petrochemical and coal chemical sectors. Herein, the diffusion properties and acidity of ZSM-5 nanosheets were effectively tailored via modulation of the <i>b</i>-axis thickness and in situ Fe-isomorphous substitution. A comprehensive range of physicochemical analysis revealed that the sample with a 40 nm <i>b</i>-axis thickness exhibited a significant increase in both specific surface area and total pore volume, and meanwhile, partial Fe isomorphous substitution within the ZSM-5 framework facilitated a moderate decrease in Brønsted acid sites without significantly sacrificing total acid sites. Thanks to the well-balanced acidic density, types, and strength to inhibit the side reactions during benzene alkylation with ethanol, as well as the enhanced mass transfer facilitated by the thin <i>b</i>-axis, the optimized Fe-substituted nanosheet catalyst, featuring a <i>b</i>-axis thickness of around 40 nm and an Fe/Fe + Al ratio of 0.33, demonstrated exceptional catalytic performance. This catalyst achieved a benzene conversion of 68.5% and ethyl selectivity of 99.0% at a low benzene-to-ethanol ratio (1:1) with a weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) of 4 h<sup>–1</sup>, Additionally, this catalyst also could exhibit exceptional stability, maintaining its catalytic activity over 182 h even at a high WHSV of 12 h<sup>–1</sup>. This study proposes an efficient strategy for synergistic optimization involving mitigating mass-transfer influence and in situ modulating acidity, offering valuable insights into rational design of high-performance zeolite catalysts for benzene-ethanol alkylation.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143841441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries have attracted considerable attention due to their high theoretical energy density. However, the shuttle effect of polysulfides remains a major barrier to their practical application. In this study, we developed nitrogen- and oxygen-doped porous bamboo leaf biomass carbon (BLC) through a simple, cost-effective method. The porous structure and polar functional groups of BLC can effectively support the efficient capture and catalytic conversion of polysulfides, and the polar C–O bond and nitrogen heteroatoms on the surface of BLC significantly enhance its chemisorption capacity. The BLC-modified battery achieved a high initial discharge capacity of 800.96 mAh g–1 at 2 C, and the single-cycle attenuation was only 0.239% after 480 cycles. Under a high sulfur loading (4.9 mg cm–2), it retained a specific discharge capacity of 889.6 mAh g–1 after 60 stable cycles. Gradient nucleation experiments from 10 to 50 °C revealed a correlation between temperature and the processes of lithium polysulfide adsorption, catalytic conversion, and passivation layer formation. Specifically, at 60 °C, the battery delivered 1000.1 mAh g–1 and maintained excellent performance at 10 °C with a minimal decay of only 0.143% per cycle. The BLC separator enhances the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) stability, thereby extending battery lifespan and improving cycling performance.
{"title":"Temperature-Dependent Behavior and Shuttle Effect Suppression Using N- and O-Doped Bamboo Leaf Carbon-Modified Lithium-Sulfur Battery Separator","authors":"Jijiang Li, Chi Ma, Jiaqi Li, Xinxiang Wu, Qianying Liang, Zena Wu, Fang Wan, Zhenguo Wu, Yanxiao Chen, Xiaodong Guo, Benhe Zhong","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5c00108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.5c00108","url":null,"abstract":"Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries have attracted considerable attention due to their high theoretical energy density. However, the shuttle effect of polysulfides remains a major barrier to their practical application. In this study, we developed nitrogen- and oxygen-doped porous bamboo leaf biomass carbon (BLC) through a simple, cost-effective method. The porous structure and polar functional groups of BLC can effectively support the efficient capture and catalytic conversion of polysulfides, and the polar C–O bond and nitrogen heteroatoms on the surface of BLC significantly enhance its chemisorption capacity. The BLC-modified battery achieved a high initial discharge capacity of 800.96 mAh g<sup>–1</sup> at 2 C, and the single-cycle attenuation was only 0.239% after 480 cycles. Under a high sulfur loading (4.9 mg cm<sup>–2</sup>), it retained a specific discharge capacity of 889.6 mAh g<sup>–1</sup> after 60 stable cycles. Gradient nucleation experiments from 10 to 50 °C revealed a correlation between temperature and the processes of lithium polysulfide adsorption, catalytic conversion, and passivation layer formation. Specifically, at 60 °C, the battery delivered 1000.1 mAh g<sup>–1</sup> and maintained excellent performance at 10 °C with a minimal decay of only 0.143% per cycle. The BLC separator enhances the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) stability, thereby extending battery lifespan and improving cycling performance.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143846753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Electronic skin (e-skin), an emerging class of flexible integrated electronic devices, is designed to replicate the multifaceted functionalities of human skin, playing a critical role in the realms of wearable technology and healthcare monitoring. Despite their potential, the existing e-skins often fall short in achieving the robust mechanical strength, multifunctionality, and biocompatibility necessary for real applications. Durability and aesthetic appeal are also highly valued. This study introduced an innovative, ultratough, multifunctional transparent leather-based e-skin that can address these challenges. By employing the natural microstructure of tanned goatskin as a substrate, this work created this e-skin with an interpenetrating network structure containing a cross-linked copolymer of acrylic acid (AA) and hydroxypropyl acrylate (HPA) and integrated a variety of functional fillers, including Zr-CQDs (zirconium-doped carbon quantum dots) for conductivity, curcumin for antibacterial properties, and the eutectic solvent comprised of ethylene glycol and choline dihydrogen citrate for antifreezing and moisturizing capabilities. This e-skin exhibited remarkable mechanical properties with a tensile strength of 11.92 MPa and exceptional toughness of 5.26 MJ/m3, alongside 70% light transmission, showcasing its transparency. Its multimodal sensing capabilities enabled precise monitoring of diverse environmental stimuli, including strain, temperature, humidity, and bioelectrical signals, representing a significant advancement in wearable sensor technology. This work not only breathes new life into traditional leather materials for contemporary applications but also paves the way for sustainable and functional e-skin innovations, pushing the boundaries of wearable technology.
{"title":"Ultra-Tough Multifunctional Leather-Based e-Skin as Sensitive Multimodal Sensors for Strain, Temperature, Humidity, and Bioelectrical Signals","authors":"Hao Liu, Shiyang Yan, Wei Wang, Xin Shi, Luming Yang, Haibin Gu","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.4c04500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.4c04500","url":null,"abstract":"Electronic skin (e-skin), an emerging class of flexible integrated electronic devices, is designed to replicate the multifaceted functionalities of human skin, playing a critical role in the realms of wearable technology and healthcare monitoring. Despite their potential, the existing e-skins often fall short in achieving the robust mechanical strength, multifunctionality, and biocompatibility necessary for real applications. Durability and aesthetic appeal are also highly valued. This study introduced an innovative, ultratough, multifunctional transparent leather-based e-skin that can address these challenges. By employing the natural microstructure of tanned goatskin as a substrate, this work created this e-skin with an interpenetrating network structure containing a cross-linked copolymer of acrylic acid (AA) and hydroxypropyl acrylate (HPA) and integrated a variety of functional fillers, including Zr-CQDs (zirconium-doped carbon quantum dots) for conductivity, curcumin for antibacterial properties, and the eutectic solvent comprised of ethylene glycol and choline dihydrogen citrate for antifreezing and moisturizing capabilities. This e-skin exhibited remarkable mechanical properties with a tensile strength of 11.92 MPa and exceptional toughness of 5.26 MJ/m<sup>3</sup>, alongside 70% light transmission, showcasing its transparency. Its multimodal sensing capabilities enabled precise monitoring of diverse environmental stimuli, including strain, temperature, humidity, and bioelectrical signals, representing a significant advancement in wearable sensor technology. This work not only breathes new life into traditional leather materials for contemporary applications but also paves the way for sustainable and functional e-skin innovations, pushing the boundaries of wearable technology.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143846752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dry reforming of methane (DRM) converts CH4 and CO2 into syngas, contributing to both the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and valorization of chemicals. In this work, an innovative antisolvent extraction approach was utilized to synthesize a Ce-modified Ni/MgAl2O4 DRM catalyst, which enables the uniform doping of catalysts under mild conditions and reduces energy consumption and environmental pollution during the preparation process. The results demonstrate that Ce incorporation facilitates both the dispersion and stabilization of active species, effectively mitigating the sintering tendency of metallic active sites. Additionally, it enhances CO2 adsorption, increases the diversity of surface oxygen species, and reduces the surface acidity. These synergistic interactions effectively suppress excessive CH4 decomposition, while mitigating carbon deposit accumulation. Among the synthesized catalysts, the 5Ni1Ce/MA catalyst (molar ratio: Ce/Ni = 1:5) demonstrated good stability under harsh conditions (800 °C, WHSV = 30,000 mL·gcat–1·h–1). The conversion of CH4 and CO2 exhibited a minimal decline, decreasing from 93.1 to 92.4% and 93.5 to 93.1%, respectively. In contrast, the related value decreased from 91.8 to 85.7% and 92.3 to 82.7% for the blank catalyst without Ce modification, respectively. The thermogravimetric (TG) analysis showed that the carbon deposition on the catalysts significantly decreased from 30% (5Ni0Ce/MA) to 1.2% (5Ni1Ce/MA), further demonstrating the enhanced coking resistance by Ce addition. Furthermore, during 50 h stability test at 600 °C, the 5Ni1Ce/MA catalyst displayed no substantial decrease in conversion rates, indicating its excellent stability under prolonged operation at lower temperature.
{"title":"Antisolvent Extraction Strategy for Fabricating Ceria-Doped Ni/MgAl2O4 Catalysts with Enhanced Sintering and Coking Resistance for Dry Reforming of Methane","authors":"Qijie Yi, Mouqiao Zheng, Langchuan Tian, Haotian Wang, Meijing Chen, Shengwei Tang, Wenxiang Tang","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.4c04903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.4c04903","url":null,"abstract":"Dry reforming of methane (DRM) converts CH<sub>4</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> into syngas, contributing to both the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and valorization of chemicals. In this work, an innovative antisolvent extraction approach was utilized to synthesize a Ce-modified Ni/MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> DRM catalyst, which enables the uniform doping of catalysts under mild conditions and reduces energy consumption and environmental pollution during the preparation process. The results demonstrate that Ce incorporation facilitates both the dispersion and stabilization of active species, effectively mitigating the sintering tendency of metallic active sites. Additionally, it enhances CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption, increases the diversity of surface oxygen species, and reduces the surface acidity. These synergistic interactions effectively suppress excessive CH<sub>4</sub> decomposition, while mitigating carbon deposit accumulation. Among the synthesized catalysts, the 5Ni1Ce/MA catalyst (molar ratio: Ce/Ni = 1:5) demonstrated good stability under harsh conditions (800 °C, WHSV = 30,000 mL·g<sub>cat</sub><sup>–1</sup>·h<sup>–1</sup>). The conversion of CH<sub>4</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> exhibited a minimal decline, decreasing from 93.1 to 92.4% and 93.5 to 93.1%, respectively. In contrast, the related value decreased from 91.8 to 85.7% and 92.3 to 82.7% for the blank catalyst without Ce modification, respectively. The thermogravimetric (TG) analysis showed that the carbon deposition on the catalysts significantly decreased from 30% (5Ni0Ce/MA) to 1.2% (5Ni1Ce/MA), further demonstrating the enhanced coking resistance by Ce addition. Furthermore, during 50 h stability test at 600 °C, the 5Ni1Ce/MA catalyst displayed no substantial decrease in conversion rates, indicating its excellent stability under prolonged operation at lower temperature.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143841278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-17DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.4c04862
Anitha S. Gowda, Dimitrios Karadimas, Jeffrey R. Seay
Pyrolysis has been proposed as a potential technology for managing the growing volume of plastic waste generated worldwide. Co-pyrolysis of plastic waste with biomass is a promising technology for generating fuel and chemical products. However, this process generates tar as a waste product. The chemical properties of this tar have yet to be thoroughly analyzed. This study presents the results of gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of oil and tar obtained from the pyrolysis of pure plastics including high-density polyethylene (HDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS), and plastic-biomass mixtures. GC–MS analysis revealed the presence of C7–C37 carbon-containing hydrocarbons, which include alkanes and alkenes as the dominant products. FTIR data revealed the presence of various functional groups, including alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids, indicating the complexity of the pyrolysis and copyrolysis oil obtained from waste plastics and biomass. TGA data show that tar from all four plastics has a higher decomposition rate, suggesting the presence of heavier hydrocarbons compared with their corresponding oils. This research will be of interest to researchers looking to advance the study of plastic and biomass waste management.
{"title":"Analysis of Tar and Oil Derived from Pyrolysis and Copyrolysis of Waste Plastics and Biomass","authors":"Anitha S. Gowda, Dimitrios Karadimas, Jeffrey R. Seay","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.4c04862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.4c04862","url":null,"abstract":"Pyrolysis has been proposed as a potential technology for managing the growing volume of plastic waste generated worldwide. Co-pyrolysis of plastic waste with biomass is a promising technology for generating fuel and chemical products. However, this process generates tar as a waste product. The chemical properties of this tar have yet to be thoroughly analyzed. This study presents the results of gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of oil and tar obtained from the pyrolysis of pure plastics including high-density polyethylene (HDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS), and plastic-biomass mixtures. GC–MS analysis revealed the presence of C<sub>7</sub>–C<sub>37</sub> carbon-containing hydrocarbons, which include alkanes and alkenes as the dominant products. FTIR data revealed the presence of various functional groups, including alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids, indicating the complexity of the pyrolysis and copyrolysis oil obtained from waste plastics and biomass. TGA data show that tar from all four plastics has a higher decomposition rate, suggesting the presence of heavier hydrocarbons compared with their corresponding oils. This research will be of interest to researchers looking to advance the study of plastic and biomass waste management.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"122 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143841440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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