Pub Date : 2026-03-18DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5c05053
Xinyu Lv, Peng Wei, Xueying Wang, Hui Sun
In situ emulsification is a promising enhanced oil recovery technique but faces challenges including environmental concerns and high operational costs. To address this, we developed amphiphilic nitrogen-doped carbon dots (NCDs) via a facile one-pot synthesis. The NCDs exhibit high interfacial activity and undergo a three-step self-assembly with endogenous naphthenic acids in crude oil─via hydrophobicity-driven diffusion, electrostatic adsorption, and interfacial jamming─to form a rigid film with ultralow interfacial tension (∼0.66 mN/m). The resulting emulsion shows a bridged network structure and high stability. Microfluidic experiments reveal that stable oil-in-water emulsions form over a wide concentration range, with three distinct flow regimes (squeezing, dripping, and jetting) governed by capillary number and droplet size scaling as (D/Dh) ∝ Cac–1.5. The emulsion also exhibits fully reversible, CO2-responsive demulsification with minimal NCDs loss over cycles. Under simulated reservoir conditions, NCDs maintain ultralow tension and high elasticity in heavy oil, show good thermal and salinity stability, and enhance oil recovery by 33.45% over water flooding, demonstrating strong field potential. This work offers a sustainable strategy for developing efficient oilfield chemicals with lower cost and environmental impact.
{"title":"Reversible Interfacial Assembly of Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dots for Tunable Emulsion Dynamics and Sustainable Oil Recovery","authors":"Xinyu Lv, Peng Wei, Xueying Wang, Hui Sun","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5c05053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.5c05053","url":null,"abstract":"In situ emulsification is a promising enhanced oil recovery technique but faces challenges including environmental concerns and high operational costs. To address this, we developed amphiphilic nitrogen-doped carbon dots (NCDs) via a facile one-pot synthesis. The NCDs exhibit high interfacial activity and undergo a three-step self-assembly with endogenous naphthenic acids in crude oil─via hydrophobicity-driven diffusion, electrostatic adsorption, and interfacial jamming─to form a rigid film with ultralow interfacial tension (∼0.66 mN/m). The resulting emulsion shows a bridged network structure and high stability. Microfluidic experiments reveal that stable oil-in-water emulsions form over a wide concentration range, with three distinct flow regimes (squeezing, dripping, and jetting) governed by capillary number and droplet size scaling as (<i>D</i>/<i>D</i><sub>h</sub>) ∝ Ca<sub>c</sub><sup>–1.5</sup>. The emulsion also exhibits fully reversible, CO<sub>2</sub>-responsive demulsification with minimal NCDs loss over cycles. Under simulated reservoir conditions, NCDs maintain ultralow tension and high elasticity in heavy oil, show good thermal and salinity stability, and enhance oil recovery by 33.45% over water flooding, demonstrating strong field potential. This work offers a sustainable strategy for developing efficient oilfield chemicals with lower cost and environmental impact.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147478112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-17DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5c04350
Adeline Shu Ting Tan, Viknesh Andiappan, Sin Yong Teng, Jui Yuan Lee, Yat Choy Wong, Ákos Orosz, Ferenc Friedler, Bing Shen How
Plastic waste conversion has been widely recognized as a promising strategy to address growing waste management challenges. However, the feasibility of its integration into existing industrial systems remains uncertain. This paper explores a plastic waste-to-X strategy aimed at reintegrating plastic waste into its original supply chain, in alignment with circular economy principles. A graph-theoretic optimization model is developed using P-graph to identify the optimal and near-optimal pathway configurations under multiple scenarios. Under a cost minimization scenario, the optimal solution achieves a 0.013–0.19% lower cost compared with alternative pathways; however, related to the higher opportunity cost of up to 24,364 USD/y from forgone utility savings and carbon tax reductions. Incorporating carbon credits shifts the focus toward balancing cost efficiency and emission reduction. Under budget constraints, the benefit-cost analysis reveals that emission reduction does not increase linearly with budget expansion. These findings guide decision-makers in setting realistic emission reduction targets and allocating budget efficiently, while helping policymakers to develop a financial scheme that promotes greater emission reductions without excessive expenditure.
{"title":"Navigating Cost-Efficient Circular Integration of Plastic Waste-to-X Pathways into Oil Refinery Using the Graph-Theoretic Approach","authors":"Adeline Shu Ting Tan, Viknesh Andiappan, Sin Yong Teng, Jui Yuan Lee, Yat Choy Wong, Ákos Orosz, Ferenc Friedler, Bing Shen How","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5c04350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.5c04350","url":null,"abstract":"Plastic waste conversion has been widely recognized as a promising strategy to address growing waste management challenges. However, the feasibility of its integration into existing industrial systems remains uncertain. This paper explores a plastic waste-to-X strategy aimed at reintegrating plastic waste into its original supply chain, in alignment with circular economy principles. A graph-theoretic optimization model is developed using P-graph to identify the optimal and near-optimal pathway configurations under multiple scenarios. Under a cost minimization scenario, the optimal solution achieves a 0.013–0.19% lower cost compared with alternative pathways; however, related to the higher opportunity cost of up to 24,364 USD/y from forgone utility savings and carbon tax reductions. Incorporating carbon credits shifts the focus toward balancing cost efficiency and emission reduction. Under budget constraints, the benefit-cost analysis reveals that emission reduction does not increase linearly with budget expansion. These findings guide decision-makers in setting realistic emission reduction targets and allocating budget efficiently, while helping policymakers to develop a financial scheme that promotes greater emission reductions without excessive expenditure.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147478114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-17DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6c00062
Liyang Liu, Ziyue Wang, Liangbin Wang, Xiaohui He
Propane dehydrogenation (PDH) to propylene is pivotal for olefin production, yet conventional catalysts face scarcity and toxicity limitations. Herein, we develop a series of bimetallic MCo catalysts (M = La, Cu, Mn, Sm) supported on zincosilicate (Zn-S-1) via ion exchange. The optimized LaCo/Zn-S-1 catalyst exhibits superior PDH performance, achieving a maximum 41.5% conversion and 96.0% selectivity at 550 °C with a weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) of 8.1 h–1. Crucially, it maintained 38.1% conversion and 95.9% selectivity after 10 h, demonstrating exceptional stability. Spectroscopic analysis (XPS, EXAFS, HAADF-STEM) reveals that cobalt species coexist as metallic clusters (Co0) and oxide nanoparticles (CoOx) on LaCo/Zn-S-1, while secondary metals (e.g., La3+) incorporate through the interaction with Co via the oxygen bridge. LaCo/Zn-S-1 outperforms Co/Zn-S-1 in both conversion and stability, as La3+ substitution boosts Lewis acidity (facilitating C–H activation) while stabilizing active sites.
{"title":"Synergistic LaCo Bimetal Sites on Zincosilicate Boosting Propane Dehydrogenation Conversion","authors":"Liyang Liu, Ziyue Wang, Liangbin Wang, Xiaohui He","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.6c00062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.6c00062","url":null,"abstract":"Propane dehydrogenation (PDH) to propylene is pivotal for olefin production, yet conventional catalysts face scarcity and toxicity limitations. Herein, we develop a series of bimetallic MCo catalysts (M = La, Cu, Mn, Sm) supported on zincosilicate (Zn-S-1) via ion exchange. The optimized LaCo/Zn-S-1 catalyst exhibits superior PDH performance, achieving a maximum 41.5% conversion and 96.0% selectivity at 550 °C with a weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) of 8.1 h<sup>–1</sup>. Crucially, it maintained 38.1% conversion and 95.9% selectivity after 10 h, demonstrating exceptional stability. Spectroscopic analysis (XPS, EXAFS, HAADF-STEM) reveals that cobalt species coexist as metallic clusters (Co<sup>0</sup>) and oxide nanoparticles (CoO<sub><i>x</i></sub>) on LaCo/Zn-S-1, while secondary metals (e.g., La<sup>3+</sup>) incorporate through the interaction with Co via the oxygen bridge. LaCo/Zn-S-1 outperforms Co/Zn-S-1 in both conversion and stability, as La<sup>3+</sup> substitution boosts Lewis acidity (facilitating C–H activation) while stabilizing active sites.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"282 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147466092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Conventional polymer-based radiative cooling materials often exhibit limited functional integration and poor stability under complex environmental conditions, restricting their application in multifunctional practical scenarios. Here, a multifunctional anisotropic polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) based aerogel was fabricated by constructing a directional porous architecture via unidirectional freezing, combined with the incorporation of fluorosilane-modified silica (SiO2) nanoparticles. The tailored structure effectively suppressed shrinkage and deformation during sintering, enhanced porosity and surface hydrophobicity, and imparted excellent oleophilic absorption capacity. Benefiting from the high infrared emissivity of the Si–O–Si network in the atmospheric window (elevated to 94.5%) and the structure-induced solar reflectance (increased to 94%), the aerogel achieved all-day passive radiative cooling with temperature reductions of ∼10.1 °C during the daytime and ∼4.3 °C at night under outdoor conditions. The structural design strategy proposed in this work provides insights into developing highly stable and multifunctional radiative cooling materials, and also opens possibilities for multifunctional energy conservation applications of PTFE-based aerogels.
{"title":"Anisotropic Polytetrafluoroethylene-Based Aerogels with Hierarchical Architecture Enabled Versatile Passive Radiative Cooling","authors":"Honghong Chen, Congcong Li, Youlei Tu, Shaoyun Guo, Jiabin Shen","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5c04550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.5c04550","url":null,"abstract":"Conventional polymer-based radiative cooling materials often exhibit limited functional integration and poor stability under complex environmental conditions, restricting their application in multifunctional practical scenarios. Here, a multifunctional anisotropic polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) based aerogel was fabricated by constructing a directional porous architecture via unidirectional freezing, combined with the incorporation of fluorosilane-modified silica (SiO<sub>2</sub>) nanoparticles. The tailored structure effectively suppressed shrinkage and deformation during sintering, enhanced porosity and surface hydrophobicity, and imparted excellent oleophilic absorption capacity. Benefiting from the high infrared emissivity of the Si–O–Si network in the atmospheric window (elevated to 94.5%) and the structure-induced solar reflectance (increased to 94%), the aerogel achieved all-day passive radiative cooling with temperature reductions of ∼10.1 °C during the daytime and ∼4.3 °C at night under outdoor conditions. The structural design strategy proposed in this work provides insights into developing highly stable and multifunctional radiative cooling materials, and also opens possibilities for multifunctional energy conservation applications of PTFE-based aerogels.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147465976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-17DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5c04866
Mingshu Wu, Xiang Zhang, Zhen Song, Zhiwen Qi
The first key question to answer in separation engineering is which unit of operation should be employed. Due to the wide applications, distillation is always prioritized as a viable option. In general, given a specific task, rigorous process optimization needs to be performed for identifying the real potential of distillation. To prevent the time-consuming optimization and reveal the optimal performance rapidly, property–performance relationship models for distillation-based binary zeotropic separation are developed. For separating light and heavy components, based on the analysis of the rigorous mathematical model of distillation, six physical properties of components and their vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) are found to have major impacts on the process performance. Then, the properties and VLE of 97 real and 103 hypothetical binary mixtures are collected and utilized as input for carrying out rigorous process optimization. This generates the minimal total annualized cost, optimal reflux ratio, and number of trays directly. With those input and output data, three convolutional neural network (CNN) models are built to represent the property–performance relationships and predict the optimal performance of distillation operations. Meanwhile, by integrating the in-house database, property prediction models, and CNN models, a toolkit, DistBin, is constructed. This enables a quick estimation of the distillation performance and only provides the two components and their compositions. The toolkit formed can serve as an agent and be integrated into a large language model directly, so that the economic viability of distillation-based separation can be known in a question-and-answer form immediately.
{"title":"Modeling the Property–Performance Relationship for Distillation-Based Binary Zeotropic Separation","authors":"Mingshu Wu, Xiang Zhang, Zhen Song, Zhiwen Qi","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5c04866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.5c04866","url":null,"abstract":"The first key question to answer in separation engineering is which unit of operation should be employed. Due to the wide applications, distillation is always prioritized as a viable option. In general, given a specific task, rigorous process optimization needs to be performed for identifying the real potential of distillation. To prevent the time-consuming optimization and reveal the optimal performance rapidly, property–performance relationship models for distillation-based binary zeotropic separation are developed. For separating light and heavy components, based on the analysis of the rigorous mathematical model of distillation, six physical properties of components and their vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) are found to have major impacts on the process performance. Then, the properties and VLE of 97 real and 103 hypothetical binary mixtures are collected and utilized as input for carrying out rigorous process optimization. This generates the minimal total annualized cost, optimal reflux ratio, and number of trays directly. With those input and output data, three convolutional neural network (CNN) models are built to represent the property–performance relationships and predict the optimal performance of distillation operations. Meanwhile, by integrating the in-house database, property prediction models, and CNN models, a toolkit, <i>DistBin</i>, is constructed. This enables a quick estimation of the distillation performance and only provides the two components and their compositions. The toolkit formed can serve as an agent and be integrated into a large language model directly, so that the economic viability of distillation-based separation can be known in a question-and-answer form immediately.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147465977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ammonium dinitramide (ADN), an eco-friendly oxidizer for propellants, offers high specific impulse but suffers from severe hygroscopicity, limiting its use. To address this, a stepwise “spherical granulation & Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation-guided hydrophobic coating” strategy is presented. MD screened 12 hydrophobic materials for ADN coating compatibility. Experimental validation involved optimizing melt granulation stirring speed and viscosity, employing Fluorocarbon Surfactant FC-02 coating. The results indicate that MD simulations identified FC-02 as the optimal coating material, with an interaction energy of −1554.98 kJ/mol with ADN, dominated by electrostatic interactions. After optimizing melt granulation parameters, the ADN particle size decreased to 0.16 mm, with a sphericity reaching 0.819. Following FC-02 coating, the water absorption of ADN decreased to 0.39%, while maintaining stable energy performance, and friction sensitivity reduced by 16%, significantly enhancing safety. This study shows the synergistic mechanism of “spherical granulation and hydrophobic coating,” providing theoretical support for the engineering application of ADN in propellants.
{"title":"Crystal Surface Engineering Strategy for ADN: Synergistic Spherical Granulation and MD-Guided Coating","authors":"Shuai Zheng, Jiaxin Qin, Xinjian Chen, Yuming Tu, Zhiyong Zhou, Yinglei Wang, Zhongqi Ren","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.6c00390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.6c00390","url":null,"abstract":"Ammonium dinitramide (ADN), an eco-friendly oxidizer for propellants, offers high specific impulse but suffers from severe hygroscopicity, limiting its use. To address this, a stepwise “spherical granulation & Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation-guided hydrophobic coating” strategy is presented. MD screened 12 hydrophobic materials for ADN coating compatibility. Experimental validation involved optimizing melt granulation stirring speed and viscosity, employing Fluorocarbon Surfactant FC-02 coating. The results indicate that MD simulations identified FC-02 as the optimal coating material, with an interaction energy of −1554.98 kJ/mol with ADN, dominated by electrostatic interactions. After optimizing melt granulation parameters, the ADN particle size decreased to 0.16 mm, with a sphericity reaching 0.819. Following FC-02 coating, the water absorption of ADN decreased to 0.39%, while maintaining stable energy performance, and friction sensitivity reduced by 16%, significantly enhancing safety. This study shows the synergistic mechanism of “spherical granulation and hydrophobic coating,” providing theoretical support for the engineering application of ADN in propellants.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147466093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-17DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5c04954
Qilin Qu, Yining Dong, Yang Wang, Ying Zheng
Dynamic latent variable (DLV) methods have received significant attention for quality prediction in chemical engineering processes due to their ability to handle high-dimensional data and complex dynamics. However, traditional DLV approaches focus on latent variable prediction and are not optimized to directly predict the original quality variables. This misalignment frequently results in a reduced prediction accuracy and computational efficiency. To address this limitation, this article proposes a novel latent predictable variance regression (LPVR) algorithm. The core innovation of LPVR lies in its objective function designed to maximize the predictable variance of latent components, which is theoretically proven to be equivalent to minimizing the prediction error of the original quality variables. Under a unified structure, LPVR sequentially extracts low-dimensional components in the order of descending predictable variance, thereby gradually minimizing prediction errors. This enables LPVR to achieve an efficient quality prediction using minimal latent variables. Additionally, the simultaneous prediction of latent variables and original quality variables enhances the model parsimony. Experimental results on a numerical case and an industrial multiphase flow benchmark demonstrate LPVR’s superior performance compared to ten representative methods, showing strong potential for real-time quality prediction in chemical engineering processes.
{"title":"Latent Predictable Variance Regression for Modeling and Quality Prediction of Dynamic Chemical Engineering Processes","authors":"Qilin Qu, Yining Dong, Yang Wang, Ying Zheng","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5c04954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.5c04954","url":null,"abstract":"Dynamic latent variable (DLV) methods have received significant attention for quality prediction in chemical engineering processes due to their ability to handle high-dimensional data and complex dynamics. However, traditional DLV approaches focus on latent variable prediction and are not optimized to directly predict the original quality variables. This misalignment frequently results in a reduced prediction accuracy and computational efficiency. To address this limitation, this article proposes a novel latent predictable variance regression (LPVR) algorithm. The core innovation of LPVR lies in its objective function designed to maximize the predictable variance of latent components, which is theoretically proven to be equivalent to minimizing the prediction error of the original quality variables. Under a unified structure, LPVR sequentially extracts low-dimensional components in the order of descending predictable variance, thereby gradually minimizing prediction errors. This enables LPVR to achieve an efficient quality prediction using minimal latent variables. Additionally, the simultaneous prediction of latent variables and original quality variables enhances the model parsimony. Experimental results on a numerical case and an industrial multiphase flow benchmark demonstrate LPVR’s superior performance compared to ten representative methods, showing strong potential for real-time quality prediction in chemical engineering processes.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147466090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-17DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5c04928
Romolo Di Sabatino, Sascha R. A. Kersten, Jean-Paul Lange, M. Pilar Ruiz
The literature shows the possibility to produce ethylene glycol via catalytic hydrogenolysis over tungsten and nickel catalysts at good yields (∼35 wt %) from deashed lignocellulosic biomass that, thereby, still retains its lignin. This approach still requires purging the solubilized lignin from the recycle loop to avoid accumulation in the system while retaining glycols and the tungsten catalyst. We investigate here the selective removal of the lignin by liquid–liquid extraction with guaiacol, by cold-water precipitation (CWP), or by a combination of both. These approaches allow removal of more than 90% of the solubilized lignin, depending on the solvent or the water-effluent ratio. The distillation resistance of the resulting aqueous and organic streams appears to be prohibitive due to their high dilution. However, complementary experiments in semibatch mode show room to increase the glycol concentration to an affordable level. Finally, we examined the integration of liquid–liquid extraction into the hydrogenolysis step by feeding guaiacol under biphasic conditions, which achieved good glycol yield and efficient lignin removal but suffered from significant degradation of the guaiacol solvent to phenol and cyclohexanol.
{"title":"Lignocellulosic Glycols: Recovery of Lignin, Glycols, and Tungsten Catalyst from Hydrogenolysis Effluent","authors":"Romolo Di Sabatino, Sascha R. A. Kersten, Jean-Paul Lange, M. Pilar Ruiz","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5c04928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.5c04928","url":null,"abstract":"The literature shows the possibility to produce ethylene glycol via catalytic hydrogenolysis over tungsten and nickel catalysts at good yields (∼35 wt %) from deashed lignocellulosic biomass that, thereby, still retains its lignin. This approach still requires purging the solubilized lignin from the recycle loop to avoid accumulation in the system while retaining glycols and the tungsten catalyst. We investigate here the selective removal of the lignin by liquid–liquid extraction with guaiacol, by cold-water precipitation (CWP), or by a combination of both. These approaches allow removal of more than 90% of the solubilized lignin, depending on the solvent or the water-effluent ratio. The distillation resistance of the resulting aqueous and organic streams appears to be prohibitive due to their high dilution. However, complementary experiments in semibatch mode show room to increase the glycol concentration to an affordable level. Finally, we examined the integration of liquid–liquid extraction into the hydrogenolysis step by feeding guaiacol under biphasic conditions, which achieved good glycol yield and efficient lignin removal but suffered from significant degradation of the guaiacol solvent to phenol and cyclohexanol.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147466095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-16DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5c04797
Ahmed S. Montaser, Mohamed F. Abdelhamed, Zeinab A. Elshahid, Asmaa S. Mansour, Sahar S. Abdelrahman, Mohamed Rehan
Effective management of diabetic wounds requires multifunctional biomaterials capable of regulating inflammation, preventing infection, promoting angiogenesis, and sustaining a favorable microenvironment for tissue regeneration. In this study, collagen/hyaluronic acid (COL/HA) scaffolds loaded with propranolol (Pr) were developed as bioactive wound dressings that combine extracellular matrix–mimicking architecture with localized pharmacological modulation. The scaffolds were fabricated via EDC/NHS-mediated cross-linking followed by freeze-drying and systematically characterized in terms of chemical structure, morphology, swelling behavior, mechanical performance, and drug-release kinetics. Scanning electron microscopy revealed an interconnected porous architecture with pore sizes ranging from 77 to 133 μm, suitable for nutrient diffusion and cellular infiltration. Propranolol incorporation markedly influenced scaffold performance, with the COL/HA/Pr 2 formulation exhibiting the highest swelling capacity (2914%) while maintaining adequate compressive strength (35.2 N·mm), ensuring optimal hydration and structural integrity. Drug-release studies demonstrated biphasic behavior, consisting of an initial burst followed by sustained release over 120 h. In vitro biological evaluation confirmed excellent cytocompatibility toward BJ-1 fibroblasts (>90% viability) and significant anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, as evidenced by pronounced inhibition of nitric oxide production. Fibroblast scratch assays revealed accelerated cell migration, achieving 92.3% wound closure within 24 h for the COL/HA/Pr 2 scaffold. In vivo assessment using a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model demonstrated markedly enhanced wound healing in propranolol-loaded groups. The COL/HA/Pr 2 scaffold achieved rapid wound contraction, exceeding 84% closure by day 7 and reaching near-complete healing (99.7%) by day 20. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses further confirmed improved collagen deposition, enhanced VEGF expression, and significant downregulation of pro-inflammatory markers (TNF-α and NF-κB), indicating effective immunomodulation and angiogenic stimulation. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that propranolol-loaded COL/HA scaffolds function as multifunctional therapeutic platforms that actively regulate inflammation, suppress infection, and promote vascularized tissue regeneration. The optimized COL/HA/Pr 2 formulation shows strong potential as an advanced scaffold for accelerating diabetic wound healing and managing chronic, nonhealing wounds.
{"title":"Multifunctional Collagen–Hyaluronic Acid Scaffolds Loaded with Propranolol as Platforms for Accelerated Diabetic Wound Healing","authors":"Ahmed S. Montaser, Mohamed F. Abdelhamed, Zeinab A. Elshahid, Asmaa S. Mansour, Sahar S. Abdelrahman, Mohamed Rehan","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5c04797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.5c04797","url":null,"abstract":"Effective management of diabetic wounds requires multifunctional biomaterials capable of regulating inflammation, preventing infection, promoting angiogenesis, and sustaining a favorable microenvironment for tissue regeneration. In this study, collagen/hyaluronic acid (COL/HA) scaffolds loaded with propranolol (Pr) were developed as bioactive wound dressings that combine extracellular matrix–mimicking architecture with localized pharmacological modulation. The scaffolds were fabricated via EDC/NHS-mediated cross-linking followed by freeze-drying and systematically characterized in terms of chemical structure, morphology, swelling behavior, mechanical performance, and drug-release kinetics. Scanning electron microscopy revealed an interconnected porous architecture with pore sizes ranging from 77 to 133 μm, suitable for nutrient diffusion and cellular infiltration. Propranolol incorporation markedly influenced scaffold performance, with the COL/HA/Pr 2 formulation exhibiting the highest swelling capacity (2914%) while maintaining adequate compressive strength (35.2 N·mm), ensuring optimal hydration and structural integrity. Drug-release studies demonstrated biphasic behavior, consisting of an initial burst followed by sustained release over 120 h. In vitro biological evaluation confirmed excellent cytocompatibility toward BJ-1 fibroblasts (>90% viability) and significant anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, as evidenced by pronounced inhibition of nitric oxide production. Fibroblast scratch assays revealed accelerated cell migration, achieving 92.3% wound closure within 24 h for the COL/HA/Pr 2 scaffold. In vivo assessment using a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model demonstrated markedly enhanced wound healing in propranolol-loaded groups. The COL/HA/Pr 2 scaffold achieved rapid wound contraction, exceeding 84% closure by day 7 and reaching near-complete healing (99.7%) by day 20. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses further confirmed improved collagen deposition, enhanced VEGF expression, and significant downregulation of pro-inflammatory markers (TNF-α and NF-κB), indicating effective immunomodulation and angiogenic stimulation. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that propranolol-loaded COL/HA scaffolds function as multifunctional therapeutic platforms that actively regulate inflammation, suppress infection, and promote vascularized tissue regeneration. The optimized COL/HA/Pr 2 formulation shows strong potential as an advanced scaffold for accelerating diabetic wound healing and managing chronic, nonhealing wounds.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147462143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
All-solid-state lithium-ion batteries (ASSBs) are promising energy storage systems owing to their high energy density and intrinsic safety. Halide solid electrolytes, especially Li2ZrCl6-based materials, have been extensively reported for their good compatibility with high-voltage cathodes; however, their interfacial instability and the associated failure mechanisms in practical cell configurations remain insufficiently understood. In this work, without introducing new electrolyte compositions or cell architectures, we systematically investigate the electrochemical behavior and failure mechanisms of a previously reported anion-regulated oxychloride electrolyte, Li2.22Zr1.11Cl5.33O0.67 (LZCO), in all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries. The LZCO electrolyte exhibits a room-temperature ionic conductivity of 1.2 × 10–3 S cm–1, yet pronounced interfacial degradation is observed under cycling. To enable mechanistic analysis under realistic operating conditions, a multilayer configuration consisting of a Li–In alloy anode, a sulfide interlayer, an LZCO electrolyte, and a high-nickel NCM955 cathode is employed as a model system. The assembled cells deliver stable cycling with 78.3% capacity retention after 300 cycles at 1C and an average Coulombic efficiency exceeding 99.7%. Combined electrochemical analysis and XPS characterizations reveal that capacity fading of the cells is primarily associated with the partial reduction of NCM955 during repeated charge–discharge cycles, accompanied by interfacial degradation. This study provides mechanistic insights into interfacial failure in halide-based ASSBs and offers guidance for their reliable practical implementation.
全固态锂离子电池（assb）具有高能量密度和固有安全性，是一种很有前途的储能系统。卤化物固体电解质，特别是li2zrcl6基材料，因其与高压阴极的良好相容性而被广泛报道；然而，在实际的细胞结构中，它们的界面不稳定性和相关的失效机制仍然没有得到充分的了解。在这项工作中，我们没有引入新的电解质成分或电池结构，我们系统地研究了以前报道的阴离子调节的氯氧电解质Li2.22Zr1.11Cl5.33O0.67 （LZCO）在全固态锂离子电池中的电化学行为和失效机制。LZCO电解质的室温离子电导率为1.2 × 10-3 S cm-1，但在循环下观察到明显的界面降解。为了能够在实际操作条件下进行机理分析，采用由Li-In合金阳极，硫化物中间层，LZCO电解质和高镍NCM955阴极组成的多层结构作为模型系统。组装的电池在1C下循环300次后具有78.3%的容量保留率，平均库仑效率超过99.7%。电化学分析和XPS表征表明，电池容量衰减主要与NCM955在反复充放电循环过程中的部分还原有关，并伴有界面降解。本研究提供了基于卤化物的assb界面失效的机理见解，并为其可靠的实际实施提供了指导。
{"title":"Electrochemical Behavior and Interfacial Failure of Li2.22Zr1.11Cl5.33O0.67 in High-Performance All-Solid-State Batteries","authors":"Jiateng Chen, Miao Deng, Sitong Ren, Siwu Li, Yi Wang, Zhenyu Wang, Chuang Yu","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.6c00267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.6c00267","url":null,"abstract":"All-solid-state lithium-ion batteries (ASSBs) are promising energy storage systems owing to their high energy density and intrinsic safety. Halide solid electrolytes, especially Li<sub>2</sub>ZrCl<sub>6</sub>-based materials, have been extensively reported for their good compatibility with high-voltage cathodes; however, their interfacial instability and the associated failure mechanisms in practical cell configurations remain insufficiently understood. In this work, without introducing new electrolyte compositions or cell architectures, we systematically investigate the electrochemical behavior and failure mechanisms of a previously reported anion-regulated oxychloride electrolyte, Li<sub>2.22</sub>Zr<sub>1.11</sub>Cl<sub>5.33</sub>O<sub>0.67</sub> (LZCO), in all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries. The LZCO electrolyte exhibits a room-temperature ionic conductivity of 1.2 × 10<sup>–3</sup> S cm<sup>–1</sup>, yet pronounced interfacial degradation is observed under cycling. To enable mechanistic analysis under realistic operating conditions, a multilayer configuration consisting of a Li–In alloy anode, a sulfide interlayer, an LZCO electrolyte, and a high-nickel NCM955 cathode is employed as a model system. The assembled cells deliver stable cycling with 78.3% capacity retention after 300 cycles at 1C and an average Coulombic efficiency exceeding 99.7%. Combined electrochemical analysis and XPS characterizations reveal that capacity fading of the cells is primarily associated with the partial reduction of NCM955 during repeated charge–discharge cycles, accompanied by interfacial degradation. This study provides mechanistic insights into interfacial failure in halide-based ASSBs and offers guidance for their reliable practical implementation.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147462147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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