Pub Date : 2022-05-07DOI: 10.1080/19315260.2022.2070570
F. O. Nuani, E. Gido, O. Ayuya
ABSTRACT Consumption of roots and tubers (R&Ts) among urban households can be low. Understanding factors influencing consumption decisions for R&Ts is important in enhancing their utilization. This study assessed determinants of consumer preference for selected R&Ts using a multivariate Probit model. A stratified multistage sampling technique was adopted to select 385 respondents, and data collected using a pretested semi-structured questionnaire. Irish potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) had the highest preference level (70%), followed by sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas L. Lam.) at 61%. Arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea L.) had a preference of 42%. Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) and yams (Dioscorea alata L.) were the least preferred at 22% each. Education, monthly income, cultural orientation, nutritional knowledge, Covid-19 pandemic, market distance, farming of R&Ts, retail prices, production location, availability of R&Ts, size, quality, taste, and preparation time influenced preferences for R&Ts by urban households. Inadequate time to prepare R&T meals at home and availability of conveniently prepared alternatives likely explains their low preference by urban residents.
{"title":"Consumer preference for selected roots and tubers among urban households","authors":"F. O. Nuani, E. Gido, O. Ayuya","doi":"10.1080/19315260.2022.2070570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315260.2022.2070570","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Consumption of roots and tubers (R&Ts) among urban households can be low. Understanding factors influencing consumption decisions for R&Ts is important in enhancing their utilization. This study assessed determinants of consumer preference for selected R&Ts using a multivariate Probit model. A stratified multistage sampling technique was adopted to select 385 respondents, and data collected using a pretested semi-structured questionnaire. Irish potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) had the highest preference level (70%), followed by sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas L. Lam.) at 61%. Arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea L.) had a preference of 42%. Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) and yams (Dioscorea alata L.) were the least preferred at 22% each. Education, monthly income, cultural orientation, nutritional knowledge, Covid-19 pandemic, market distance, farming of R&Ts, retail prices, production location, availability of R&Ts, size, quality, taste, and preparation time influenced preferences for R&Ts by urban households. Inadequate time to prepare R&T meals at home and availability of conveniently prepared alternatives likely explains their low preference by urban residents.","PeriodicalId":40028,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vegetable Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44632560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-07DOI: 10.1080/19315260.2022.2070571
T. Bhattacharjee, P. K. Maurya, S. Banerjee, Debmala Mukherjee, Subhashis Kundu, S. Islam, Tanmoy Ghosh, Subhra Pramanik, A. Mandal, A. Chattopadhyay
ABSTRACT Understanding the inheritance pattern of bacterial wilt (BW) disease tolerance is important to maximize genetic potential in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.). The study was conducted employing populations P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1, and BC2 of the crosses ‘Utkal Anushree × Bidhan Suphala,’ ‘Utkal Anushree × Garia,’ and ‘Utkal Madhuri × Bidhan Super’ to understand genetic control of BW disease tolerance. The inheritance study indicated that tolerance to BW disease was conditioned by a single dominant gene in 3 Tolerant × Susceptible crosses. The nature, and magnitude, of gene action controlling inheritance of bacterial wilt-related traits (days to 1st appearance of BW disease and disease incidence of BW) differed between crosses and traits, mostly conditioned by nonadditive gene action and duplicate epistasis. The disparity between results from the chi-square goodness of fit test and other quantitative methods indicated that the chi-square goodness of fit test alone could be misleading in the study of genetic control of bacterial wilt related traits due to its subjectivity. Complementary epitasis in 2 crosses for days to 1st appearance of BW disease would be helpful in improvement of this trait through backcrossing. Duplicate epistasis controlling BW disease incidence suggested selection of desirable recombinants from the segregating population developed from bi-parental mating. The BW-tolerant plants, with an acceptable fruit weight, can be isolated from segregating generations with involvement of susceptible plants having a higher fruit weight.
{"title":"Genetics of tolerance to bacterial wilt disease in eggplant","authors":"T. Bhattacharjee, P. K. Maurya, S. Banerjee, Debmala Mukherjee, Subhashis Kundu, S. Islam, Tanmoy Ghosh, Subhra Pramanik, A. Mandal, A. Chattopadhyay","doi":"10.1080/19315260.2022.2070571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315260.2022.2070571","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Understanding the inheritance pattern of bacterial wilt (BW) disease tolerance is important to maximize genetic potential in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.). The study was conducted employing populations P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1, and BC2 of the crosses ‘Utkal Anushree × Bidhan Suphala,’ ‘Utkal Anushree × Garia,’ and ‘Utkal Madhuri × Bidhan Super’ to understand genetic control of BW disease tolerance. The inheritance study indicated that tolerance to BW disease was conditioned by a single dominant gene in 3 Tolerant × Susceptible crosses. The nature, and magnitude, of gene action controlling inheritance of bacterial wilt-related traits (days to 1st appearance of BW disease and disease incidence of BW) differed between crosses and traits, mostly conditioned by nonadditive gene action and duplicate epistasis. The disparity between results from the chi-square goodness of fit test and other quantitative methods indicated that the chi-square goodness of fit test alone could be misleading in the study of genetic control of bacterial wilt related traits due to its subjectivity. Complementary epitasis in 2 crosses for days to 1st appearance of BW disease would be helpful in improvement of this trait through backcrossing. Duplicate epistasis controlling BW disease incidence suggested selection of desirable recombinants from the segregating population developed from bi-parental mating. The BW-tolerant plants, with an acceptable fruit weight, can be isolated from segregating generations with involvement of susceptible plants having a higher fruit weight.","PeriodicalId":40028,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vegetable Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60026575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-16DOI: 10.1080/19315260.2022.2065654
Mahsa Mohammadi, A. Abbasifar, Babak ValizadehKaji
ABSTRACT Exogenous selenium (SE) application during lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) production may prevent Se deficiency. Low concentrations of Se have beneficial effects on plant cell metabolism and application of Se can increase growth, yield, and quality and reduce nitrate concentration in lettuce. In the present study, biosynthetic synthesis of selenium (Se) nanoparticles (NPs) was carried out via Se ions reduction during exposure to rosemary (Salvia rosmarinus Spenn.) extract. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the shape and size of the Se NPs were determined. To investigate effects of concentrations of sodium selenite (1, 2, and 4 mg∙L−1) and Se NPs (1, 2, and 4 mg∙L−1) on morphological and physiochemical traits of lettuce. Most nutrient solutions, especially 2 mg∙L−1 Se NPs, increased plant height, leaf number, fresh weight, chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll, and nitrate reductase activity of plants. Application of 2 and 1 mg∙L−1 Se NPs, caused a decrease in the level of nitrate accumulation. Under nutrient treatments, concentrations of P, K, Fe, Zn, and Se, and concentration of N decreased. Foliar application of biosynthetic synthesized Se NPs, may have potential for improved quantity and reduced nitrate accumulation in lettuce.
摘要莴苣生产过程中外源硒(SE)的施用可以预防硒缺乏。低浓度硒对植物细胞代谢有有益影响，施硒可促进生菜生长、产量和品质，降低硝酸盐浓度。在本研究中，通过暴露于迷迭香(Salvia rosmarinus Spenn.)提取物中的硒离子还原，进行了硒(Se)纳米粒子(NPs)的生物合成。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)测定了Se纳米粒子的形状和大小。研究亚硒酸钠浓度(1、2和4 mg∙L−1)和硒NPs浓度(1、2和4 mg∙L−1)对生菜形态和理化性状的影响。大多数营养液，特别是2 mg∙L−1 Se NPs，增加了植株的株高、叶数、鲜重、叶绿素a、总叶绿素和硝酸盐还原酶活性。施用2和1 mg∙L−1 Se NPs导致硝酸盐积累水平下降。在养分处理下，磷、钾、铁、锌、硒的浓度和氮的浓度降低。叶面施用生物合成硒NPs可能有提高生菜产量和减少硝酸盐积累的潜力。
{"title":"Nitrate accumulation and physicochemical characteristics of lettuce as affected by sodium selenite and synthesized selenium nanoparticles","authors":"Mahsa Mohammadi, A. Abbasifar, Babak ValizadehKaji","doi":"10.1080/19315260.2022.2065654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315260.2022.2065654","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Exogenous selenium (SE) application during lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) production may prevent Se deficiency. Low concentrations of Se have beneficial effects on plant cell metabolism and application of Se can increase growth, yield, and quality and reduce nitrate concentration in lettuce. In the present study, biosynthetic synthesis of selenium (Se) nanoparticles (NPs) was carried out via Se ions reduction during exposure to rosemary (Salvia rosmarinus Spenn.) extract. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the shape and size of the Se NPs were determined. To investigate effects of concentrations of sodium selenite (1, 2, and 4 mg∙L−1) and Se NPs (1, 2, and 4 mg∙L−1) on morphological and physiochemical traits of lettuce. Most nutrient solutions, especially 2 mg∙L−1 Se NPs, increased plant height, leaf number, fresh weight, chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll, and nitrate reductase activity of plants. Application of 2 and 1 mg∙L−1 Se NPs, caused a decrease in the level of nitrate accumulation. Under nutrient treatments, concentrations of P, K, Fe, Zn, and Se, and concentration of N decreased. Foliar application of biosynthetic synthesized Se NPs, may have potential for improved quantity and reduced nitrate accumulation in lettuce.","PeriodicalId":40028,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vegetable Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47167543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-07DOI: 10.1080/19315260.2022.2061667
T. Taguchi, S. Motoki
ABSTRACT The cultivation of 1-year-old Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) plants in temperate regions is increasing, but few reports have examined the differences in their yield potential. Asparagus growth and the yield of cultivars were investigated in four cultivation trials to determine high-yield cultivars of 1-year-old plants. These cultivars were divided into early sprouting cultivars with high early yields, such as ‘Patron’ and ‘Early California,’ and late sprouting ones with high yields, such as ‘Vegalim’ and ‘Grande.’ Maximum stem diameter was not affected by year. This indicates that cultivars with larger stem diameters may have a better yield potential at the end of the growth period. Maximum stem diameter measurements could be used for the initial selection of cultivars with high-yield potential for the whole harvest cultivation method for 1-year-old plants, which may reduce the labor required for breeding new cultivars.
{"title":"Description of high-yield asparagus cultivars using 1-year-old plants","authors":"T. Taguchi, S. Motoki","doi":"10.1080/19315260.2022.2061667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315260.2022.2061667","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The cultivation of 1-year-old Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) plants in temperate regions is increasing, but few reports have examined the differences in their yield potential. Asparagus growth and the yield of cultivars were investigated in four cultivation trials to determine high-yield cultivars of 1-year-old plants. These cultivars were divided into early sprouting cultivars with high early yields, such as ‘Patron’ and ‘Early California,’ and late sprouting ones with high yields, such as ‘Vegalim’ and ‘Grande.’ Maximum stem diameter was not affected by year. This indicates that cultivars with larger stem diameters may have a better yield potential at the end of the growth period. Maximum stem diameter measurements could be used for the initial selection of cultivars with high-yield potential for the whole harvest cultivation method for 1-year-old plants, which may reduce the labor required for breeding new cultivars.","PeriodicalId":40028,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vegetable Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45909527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-30DOI: 10.1080/19315260.2022.2040211
V. Russo
{"title":"The editor’s field – you are not going to like it but review articles…","authors":"V. Russo","doi":"10.1080/19315260.2022.2040211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315260.2022.2040211","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40028,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vegetable Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48879875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-12DOI: 10.1080/19315260.2022.2051664
Hossein Vaez-Sarvari, A. Emamjomeh, B. Fazeli-Nasab
ABSTRACT Cantaloupe (Cucumis melo L.) landraces have highly genetic diversity so that it is important to evaluate such distances for future breeding projects. Internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS1 and ITS4 regions) capability was used to evaluate genetic diversity of cantaloupe landraces and to identity genetic diversity among cantaloupe landraces. After DNA extraction from leaf tissue at the 4-true leaf stage and DNA quantification and qualification based on spectrophotometer and agarose gel electrophoresis, electrophoretic bands were sequenced. The sequence quality was assessed and compared with the ClustalW method. Phylogenetic relationship dendrograms were plotted based on genetic distance. Melon landraces could not be separated based on geographical location. The ITS1 region was more separable and diverse than the ITS4 region and was able to differentiate landraces related to the Hirmand region in a separate dendrogram. The numerical value (dN/dS) in ITS1 and ITS4 were 0.658 and 0.450, respectively, indicating pure selection had occurred in the gene and did not cause any important changes. The ITS region is not suitable to investigate intraspecific genetic diversity.
{"title":"Evaluation of genetic diversity of Cantaloupe landraces based on the internal transcriptional spacer regions (ITS1, 4)","authors":"Hossein Vaez-Sarvari, A. Emamjomeh, B. Fazeli-Nasab","doi":"10.1080/19315260.2022.2051664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315260.2022.2051664","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Cantaloupe (Cucumis melo L.) landraces have highly genetic diversity so that it is important to evaluate such distances for future breeding projects. Internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS1 and ITS4 regions) capability was used to evaluate genetic diversity of cantaloupe landraces and to identity genetic diversity among cantaloupe landraces. After DNA extraction from leaf tissue at the 4-true leaf stage and DNA quantification and qualification based on spectrophotometer and agarose gel electrophoresis, electrophoretic bands were sequenced. The sequence quality was assessed and compared with the ClustalW method. Phylogenetic relationship dendrograms were plotted based on genetic distance. Melon landraces could not be separated based on geographical location. The ITS1 region was more separable and diverse than the ITS4 region and was able to differentiate landraces related to the Hirmand region in a separate dendrogram. The numerical value (dN/dS) in ITS1 and ITS4 were 0.658 and 0.450, respectively, indicating pure selection had occurred in the gene and did not cause any important changes. The ITS region is not suitable to investigate intraspecific genetic diversity.","PeriodicalId":40028,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vegetable Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48861811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-09DOI: 10.1080/19315260.2022.2048333
M. Mohamed, B. A. Abd El-Fatah
ABSTRACT Temperature is a factor governing the transition for pumpkin (Cucurbita spp. L) from vegetative to reproductive growth that is necessary for fruit and seed production. Under high-temperature plants may not flower at all. An experiment investigated functional flowering induction of a recalcitrant-to-flower cv. El-Zarka (C. maxima Duchesne) in response to foliar GA3 application, pre-sowing seed chilling, vine girdling, and grafting on rootstock of the ready-to-flower cultivar cv. Kafr El-Battikh (C. moschata Duchesne ex Poir.). The recalcitrant cv. flowered when subjected to all treatments. The best responses were GA3 at 10 mg∙L−1, seed imbibed for 36 h and subjected to chilling (4–5°C) for 12 d, vine girdling of 30-day-old plants, and grafting onto rootstock of 7–10-day-old plants of the ready-to-flower cultivar. Transition to flowering in the ready-to-flower and recalcitrant-to-flower cvs. was consistently accompanied by an elevation in leaf total sugar content. Female flower percent was positively associated with enhanced fruit yield and flesh quality. Isozyme analyses exhibited shared bands for seed chilling with application of GA3 and another between girdling and grafting. The common consistent elevation of leaf total sugar content indicates flowering may be mediated via sugar signaling plus carbohydrates availability (response limiting factor). The methods tested appear to control flowering recalcitrance in pumpkins.
摘要温度是南瓜（Cucurbita spp.L）从营养生长向生殖生长过渡的一个因素，这是果实和种子生产所必需的。在高温下，植物可能根本不会开花。一项实验研究了耐花品种El Zarka（C.maxima Duchesne）对叶面施用GA3、播种前种子冷藏、环剥葡萄藤和嫁接在现成品种Kafr El Battikh（C.moschata Duchesne ex Poir.）砧木上的反应的功能性开花诱导。该耐花品种在接受所有处理时开花。最佳反应是10 mg∙L−1的GA3，吸收种子36小时并冷藏（4–5°C）12天，对30天大的植物进行环剥，并将其嫁接到7–10天大的现成开花品种的砧木上。在易开花和难开花的cvs中过渡到开花。始终伴随着叶片总糖含量的升高。雌花率与果实产量和肉质的提高呈正相关。同工酶分析显示，在应用GA3的情况下，种子冷却有共同的谱带，在环剥和嫁接之间有另一条谱带。叶片总糖含量的普遍一致升高表明开花可能是通过糖信号和碳水化合物可用性（反应限制因子）介导的。所测试的方法似乎可以控制南瓜的开花顽固性。
{"title":"Assessment of seed chilling, GA3 foliar application, girdling, and grafting as affecting transition to functional flowering in pumpkin","authors":"M. Mohamed, B. A. Abd El-Fatah","doi":"10.1080/19315260.2022.2048333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315260.2022.2048333","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Temperature is a factor governing the transition for pumpkin (Cucurbita spp. L) from vegetative to reproductive growth that is necessary for fruit and seed production. Under high-temperature plants may not flower at all. An experiment investigated functional flowering induction of a recalcitrant-to-flower cv. El-Zarka (C. maxima Duchesne) in response to foliar GA3 application, pre-sowing seed chilling, vine girdling, and grafting on rootstock of the ready-to-flower cultivar cv. Kafr El-Battikh (C. moschata Duchesne ex Poir.). The recalcitrant cv. flowered when subjected to all treatments. The best responses were GA3 at 10 mg∙L−1, seed imbibed for 36 h and subjected to chilling (4–5°C) for 12 d, vine girdling of 30-day-old plants, and grafting onto rootstock of 7–10-day-old plants of the ready-to-flower cultivar. Transition to flowering in the ready-to-flower and recalcitrant-to-flower cvs. was consistently accompanied by an elevation in leaf total sugar content. Female flower percent was positively associated with enhanced fruit yield and flesh quality. Isozyme analyses exhibited shared bands for seed chilling with application of GA3 and another between girdling and grafting. The common consistent elevation of leaf total sugar content indicates flowering may be mediated via sugar signaling plus carbohydrates availability (response limiting factor). The methods tested appear to control flowering recalcitrance in pumpkins.","PeriodicalId":40028,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vegetable Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42965589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-28DOI: 10.1080/19315260.2022.2046672
Ankit Sharma, S. Khar
ABSTRACT Vegetable seedling transplanting is an important process in vegetable production systems. Although development of vegetable transplanting machines has accelerated, this task in vegetable cultivation is still performed by hand in the majority of developing countries, despite the fact that it could be automated or mechanized. Projects are being carried out in developing countries to mechanize, and automate, vegetable transplanting. This review provides an overview of manual, mechanical, automatic, or smart vegetable transplanting. Recent work on robotics on vegetable transplanting operations is discussed. The present study thoroughly discusses hand-held, trolley-type, semiautomatic, and automatic vegetable transplanters with single or multiple planting rows used for various vegetables. Information in this review will fill in a gap dating to 2008 and could aid in increasing mechanization of vegetable transplanting operations and improving transplanting intelligence research.
{"title":"Current developments in vegetable transplanters in developing countries: a comprehensive review","authors":"Ankit Sharma, S. Khar","doi":"10.1080/19315260.2022.2046672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315260.2022.2046672","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Vegetable seedling transplanting is an important process in vegetable production systems. Although development of vegetable transplanting machines has accelerated, this task in vegetable cultivation is still performed by hand in the majority of developing countries, despite the fact that it could be automated or mechanized. Projects are being carried out in developing countries to mechanize, and automate, vegetable transplanting. This review provides an overview of manual, mechanical, automatic, or smart vegetable transplanting. Recent work on robotics on vegetable transplanting operations is discussed. The present study thoroughly discusses hand-held, trolley-type, semiautomatic, and automatic vegetable transplanters with single or multiple planting rows used for various vegetables. Information in this review will fill in a gap dating to 2008 and could aid in increasing mechanization of vegetable transplanting operations and improving transplanting intelligence research.","PeriodicalId":40028,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vegetable Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49542443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-28DOI: 10.1080/19315260.2022.2046673
Muhammad Waqas Mazhar, Raheel Akram, Adnan Shahid
ABSTRACT Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), grown in iron deficient and calcareous soils, exhibits poor growth and yield loss, which may be moderated using biostimulants. A field experiment was conducted to determine the efficacy of the application of iron glutamate (Fe-Glu), iron sulfate (FeSO4), and L-glutamate (Glu) on growth and yield performance. Foliar application included: no treatment (NS), 0.50% FeSO4, 1% FeSO4, 0.50% Fe-Glu, 1% Fe-Glu, 0.50% L-Glu, or 1% L-Glu. Foliar application of 1% Fe-Glu increased plant height by 31%, shoot fresh weight by 25%, root fresh weight by 38%, and canopy diameter by 23%. Exogenous application with 1% Fe-Glu improved the fruit count and overall yield by 57% and 44%, respectively. There was an increase in fruit length by 20% and an increase in fruit diameter by 25%, respectively, due to foliar application of 1% Fe-Glu. Use of 1% Fe-Glu foliar might act as a better biostimulant than conventional sulfate salts in increasing tomato crop performance.
{"title":"Foliar application of iron glutamate improves yield and growth of tomatoes compared to iron sulphate and L-glutamate","authors":"Muhammad Waqas Mazhar, Raheel Akram, Adnan Shahid","doi":"10.1080/19315260.2022.2046673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315260.2022.2046673","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), grown in iron deficient and calcareous soils, exhibits poor growth and yield loss, which may be moderated using biostimulants. A field experiment was conducted to determine the efficacy of the application of iron glutamate (Fe-Glu), iron sulfate (FeSO4), and L-glutamate (Glu) on growth and yield performance. Foliar application included: no treatment (NS), 0.50% FeSO4, 1% FeSO4, 0.50% Fe-Glu, 1% Fe-Glu, 0.50% L-Glu, or 1% L-Glu. Foliar application of 1% Fe-Glu increased plant height by 31%, shoot fresh weight by 25%, root fresh weight by 38%, and canopy diameter by 23%. Exogenous application with 1% Fe-Glu improved the fruit count and overall yield by 57% and 44%, respectively. There was an increase in fruit length by 20% and an increase in fruit diameter by 25%, respectively, due to foliar application of 1% Fe-Glu. Use of 1% Fe-Glu foliar might act as a better biostimulant than conventional sulfate salts in increasing tomato crop performance.","PeriodicalId":40028,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vegetable Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43649558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT The Ethiopian potato [Plectranthus edulis (Vatke) Agnew] is an annual root tuber that is underutilized due to a lack of knowledge about its nutritional value. The plant is known by its local landrace names. Investigating the relatedness, and variation in nutrient composition, among P. edulis landraces is important for selecting the best genotype for breeding. The study was undertaken to examine mineral nutrients and sugars in 5 P. edulis landraces collected from southern Ethiopia. Samples were analyzed for Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Co, Cr Ni, Cd, Pb, and fructose, glucose, sucrose, and maltose using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry and a High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Refractive Index Detector, respectively. The P. edulis tubers accumulate large levels of macro- and micro-elements. The Mg and Ca were the most abundant macro-nutrients. The Tseka landrace had the highest Mg content. Iron was the most abundant micro-nutrient in P. edulis tubers. There were no Co, Cd, and Pb detected in P. edulis tuber landraces. All P. edulis landraces contained glucose (15.1–21.1 g/100 g) and fructose (3.34–4.10 g/100 g); sucrose and maltose were not detected. Quantities of all parameters were affected by landraces and their concentrations were different. The unnuko landrace had a lower total sugar level than the other 4 types, making it a good choice for diabetics. The P. edulis landraces can provide minerals and sugar for the human diet. Diversity in nutrient content within landraces could be an opportunity to generate improved hybrids.
{"title":"Assessment of mineral and sugar contents of Plectranthus edulis landraces","authors":"Esayas Ajire Alfa, M. Atlabachew, Amare Aregahegn Dubale, Alemayehu Mekonnen, Hailu Sheferaw Ayele","doi":"10.1080/19315260.2022.2043506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19315260.2022.2043506","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Ethiopian potato [Plectranthus edulis (Vatke) Agnew] is an annual root tuber that is underutilized due to a lack of knowledge about its nutritional value. The plant is known by its local landrace names. Investigating the relatedness, and variation in nutrient composition, among P. edulis landraces is important for selecting the best genotype for breeding. The study was undertaken to examine mineral nutrients and sugars in 5 P. edulis landraces collected from southern Ethiopia. Samples were analyzed for Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Co, Cr Ni, Cd, Pb, and fructose, glucose, sucrose, and maltose using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry and a High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Refractive Index Detector, respectively. The P. edulis tubers accumulate large levels of macro- and micro-elements. The Mg and Ca were the most abundant macro-nutrients. The Tseka landrace had the highest Mg content. Iron was the most abundant micro-nutrient in P. edulis tubers. There were no Co, Cd, and Pb detected in P. edulis tuber landraces. All P. edulis landraces contained glucose (15.1–21.1 g/100 g) and fructose (3.34–4.10 g/100 g); sucrose and maltose were not detected. Quantities of all parameters were affected by landraces and their concentrations were different. The unnuko landrace had a lower total sugar level than the other 4 types, making it a good choice for diabetics. The P. edulis landraces can provide minerals and sugar for the human diet. Diversity in nutrient content within landraces could be an opportunity to generate improved hybrids.","PeriodicalId":40028,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vegetable Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43990742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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