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Down Syndrome: Need for Inclusion and Social Care to Make Down Right Perfect 唐氏综合症:需要包容和社会关怀,使唐氏综合症完美
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/26339447221111601
Aasim Ur Rehman Ganie, K. Jangam
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引用次数: 0
Dengue-Associated Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis With Severe Multiorgan Complications—A Case Report 登革热相关的噬血细胞淋巴组织细胞病伴严重多器官并发症1例报告
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/26339447221080314
R. Agrawal, P. Agrawal, Sudha Madhuri, Thakur Abhijit Singh
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare life-threatening syndrome characterized by pathologic immune hyperactivation, extreme inflammation, and multiorgan involvement with variable cytopenias. We report a case of a 53-year-old male with no known comorbidities, who presented with unrelenting dengue fever, pancytopenia, high ferritin levels, and multiple organ dysfunction with progressive clinical deterioration despite treatment. Based on the clinicolaboratory findings, he was diagnosed as dengue-associated HLH on day 6 of admission. As per HLH treatment protocol, he was started on immunosuppressants and showed significant improvement. In dengue patients with severe disease, prolonged hospital stay, persistent cytopenia, and multiorgan dysfunction out of proportion to the plasma leakage phase should prompt a high index of suspicion for the possibility of infection-triggered HLH. Although prompt diagnosis and early initiation of therapy is the key to prevent irreversible end organ damage and mortality, the hindrance lies in its rarity in adults, variable clinical presentation, and nonspecific laboratory findings.
噬血细胞性淋巴组织细胞增多症(HLH)是一种罕见的危及生命的综合征,其特征是病理性免疫过度激活、极端炎症和多器官受累并伴有可变细胞减少。我们报告一例53岁男性,无已知合并症,表现为持续的登革热、全血细胞减少症、高铁蛋白水平和多器官功能障碍,尽管接受了治疗,但临床进展恶化。根据临床实验室检查结果,他在入院第6天被诊断为登革热相关的HLH。根据HLH治疗方案,他开始使用免疫抑制剂并显示出显着改善。在病情严重的登革热患者中,住院时间延长、持续细胞减少和多器官功能障碍与血浆漏相不相称,应引起高度怀疑感染引发的HLH的可能性。虽然及时诊断和早期治疗是防止不可逆终末器官损伤和死亡的关键,但障碍在于其在成人中罕见,临床表现多变,实验室结果非特异性。
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引用次数: 1
Healthy Humans, Healthy Planet 健康人类,健康地球
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/26339447221105954
PS Indu
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引用次数: 0
Hepatocellular Carcinoma With a Floating Right Atrial Thrombus and Rupture of the Primary Lesion Causing Right-Sided Hemothorax 肝细胞癌伴漂浮性右心房血栓及原发病变破裂引起右侧血胸
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/26339447221095344
J. Jose, S. Nair, S. Kayakkal, A. Thottian, Abdul M. M. Rasak
A 68-year-old gentleman presented to us with a low back ache and paraparesis. Magnetic resonance imaging of the spine revealed vertebral body lesion compressing the spinal cord. As part of the preoperative evaluation for spinal decompression surgery, an echocardiography was done which revealed a normal heart with a floating mass in right atrium extending from the inferior vena cava. On further workup, he was diagnosed to have hepatocellular carcinoma with vertebral metastasis. Subsequently, the primary lesion ruptured leading to massive right-sided hemothorax.
一位68岁的老先生向我们介绍了他的腰痛和麻痹。脊柱磁共振成像显示椎体病变压迫脊髓。作为脊柱减压手术术前评估的一部分,超声心动图显示正常心脏,右心房有一个从下腔静脉延伸的漂浮肿块。在进一步的检查中,他被诊断为肝细胞癌并椎体转移。随后,原发病变破裂,导致右侧大量血胸。
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引用次数: 0
Effectiveness of Granular Lockdown as an Epidemic Control Strategy in Kerala, India 粒状封锁作为印度喀拉拉邦疫情控制策略的有效性
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/26339447221107245
Hariprasad Thazhathedath Hariharan, A. T. Surendran
Background Lockdown is a time-tested methodology to cease infectious disease spread. The national and subnational lockdown effectively reduced the spread of COVID-19 in many countries, including India. The current article documents the effectiveness of lockdown at a more granular level, that is, the local self-government (LSG), the lowest administrative unit, in Kerala, a south Indian state. Methods We extracted all data pertaining to this study: the distribution of containment zones and the incidence of COVID-19 cases from official data sources of the Government of Kerala. As part of the study, we followed the progression of all LSGs as containment zones over the study period of 10 weeks (7/5/2020-15/7/2020). We created survival distributions characterizing the time to enter lockdown and the time to remain in lockdown for all the districts and the state. Finally, we conducted an interdistrict comparison of the cumulative incidence of COVID-19 per population for 6 months after the period of LSG containment was over to ascertain its effectiveness. Results Four northern districts of Kerala state had implemented lockdown strategy more rigorously both in the proportion of LSGs that has become a containment zone and in the period of containment compared to the rest of Kerala. As a result, the growth of COVID-19 cases in these 4 districts was less (7.5 times) than in the other districts (37 times) during the study period. However, the reduction in the disease incidence was not instantaneous; at the same time, it was not short-living as the difference continued to exist for 6 more months past lockdown. Conclusion Implementing granular lockdown strategies can effectively control the spread of disease only if it encompasses a sufficient area for an adequate period. We believe our research could help governments provide insights into the years-long and never-ending battle with the pandemic.
封锁是一种久经考验的阻止传染病传播的方法。国家和地方一级的封锁有效地减少了COVID-19在包括印度在内的许多国家的传播。本文从印度南部喀拉拉邦的最低行政单位地方自治政府(LSG)这一更细致的层面记录了封锁的有效性。方法我们从喀拉拉邦政府的官方数据源中提取与本研究有关的所有数据:隔离区的分布和COVID-19病例的发病率。作为研究的一部分,我们在10周的研究期间(7/5/2020-15/7/2020)跟踪了所有LSGs作为隔离区的进展。我们创建了生存分布,描述了所有地区和州进入封锁的时间和保持封锁的时间。最后,我们对LSG控制期结束后6个月内每个人口的COVID-19累积发病率进行了区际比较,以确定其有效性。结果与喀拉拉邦其他地区相比,喀拉拉邦北部4个区在成为隔离区的LSGs比例和封锁期间都实施了更严格的封锁战略。结果,在研究期间,这4个区COVID-19病例的增长(7.5倍)低于其他区(37倍)。然而,疾病发病率的降低并不是瞬间的;与此同时,这种差异并不是短暂的,在封锁之后的6个多月里,这种差异仍然存在。结论实施细粒度封锁策略,只有在足够的范围内、适当的时间内,才能有效控制疾病的传播。我们相信,我们的研究可以帮助各国政府深入了解与这一流行病长达数年、永无止境的斗争。
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引用次数: 0
COVID-19-Related Knowledge and Anxiety Among Health-Care Workers in a Tertiary Care Centre in Kerala 喀拉拉邦三级保健中心卫生保健工作者的covid -19相关知识和焦虑
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/26339447221098464
Lakshmi K. P., P. Prasanna, Subash Chandra, Arya G. Krishnan, Abhinandh Babu, B. Babu, M. Moni, D. Sathyapalan
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has posed an immense threat to both physical as well as mental health globally. The outbreak is immeasurably affecting all the communities worldwide. The pandemic fatigue has led to inadequate addressing of the impact of COVID-19 on mental health especially among the health-care workers (HCWs), mainly due to the fear of disease contraction, mortality of the condition, raised work stress, as well as the saturation of news on media and other social platforms. Prolonged confinement at home may also adversely impact mental health. Method An online survey was conducted using a developed questionnaire to evaluate the knowledge and anxiety among 118 HCWs regarding the COVID-19 pandemic in a tertiary care hospital. Since the study was conducted during the period in which no standard questionnaires were available, an online questionnaire was developed based on a few articles published in indexed journals on the similar topic which was further approved by 5 experts in the field. The questionnaire along with an informed consent was sent to all the HCWs employed in the hospital to assess their knowledge and anxiety related to COVID-19. Result A total of 92.47% of participants were strongly aware that the major mechanism in COVID spread is droplet infection. An equal percentage of participants had good knowledge that the infection can always be prevented by maintaining social distance, appropriate hand washing, hand sanitizing, and using a mask. However, around 40.67% of participants avoided large meetings even in hospitals due to fear of the pandemic. Conclusion It is important to study the mental health impacts of HCWs during the pandemic. There is a need to intensify the awareness program and address the mental health issues of HCWs during this COVID-19 pandemic.
2019冠状病毒病大流行对全球身心健康构成了巨大威胁。疫情对全世界所有社区的影响是不可估量的。大流行疲劳导致无法充分解决COVID-19对心理健康的影响,特别是卫生保健工作者(HCWs),主要原因是担心疾病收缩、疾病死亡率、工作压力增加以及媒体和其他社交平台上的新闻饱和。长期在家坐月子也可能对心理健康产生不利影响。方法采用自制的在线调查问卷,对某三级医院118名医护人员对COVID-19大流行的知识和焦虑程度进行调查。由于这项研究是在没有标准问卷的时期进行的,因此根据在索引期刊上发表的关于类似主题的几篇文章编制了一份在线问卷,并经该领域的5位专家进一步批准。将调查问卷和知情同意书发送给医院雇用的所有医护人员,以评估他们对COVID-19的相关知识和焦虑。结果92.47%的参与者强烈意识到新冠病毒传播的主要机制是飞沫感染。同样比例的参与者充分了解,通过保持社交距离、适当洗手、洗手和使用口罩,总是可以预防感染。但是,40.67%的参会者因担心新冠肺炎疫情而回避了在医院举行的大型会议。结论研究疫情期间卫生保健工作者的心理健康影响具有重要意义。在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间,有必要加强认识规划并解决卫生保健工作者的心理健康问题。
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引用次数: 0
A Rare Report of Heavy-Metal-Associated Hemodialysis-Dependent Chronic Kidney Disease Secondary to Ayurvedic Medication 阿育吠陀药物继发于重金属相关血液透析依赖慢性肾脏疾病的罕见报道
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/26339447221099991
H. Mahapatra, Sutanay Bhattacharyya, V. Batra
Introduction Heavy metals are a component of many traditional medications. However, they continue to be used for trivial causes. Chronic heavy metal exposure is an important but under-recognized cause of renal damage. We report to our knowledge the first case of a heavy-metal-associated chronic kidney disease secondary to Ayurvedic medication. Case Report A 24-year-old with history of chronic Ayurvedic medication for altered bowel habits presented with neuromuscular symptoms and bilateral lower limb swelling and was found to have hypocalcemia and renal dysfunction. He was initiated on dialysis and underwent an uncomplicated renal biopsy which was suggestive of chronic glomerulosclerosis. In view of significant exposure to Ayurvedic medication, he underwent heavy metal screening in blood, urine, and renal biopsy tissue along with the Ayurvedic medication he had. His blood tested positive for cadmium, copper, and mercury along with same positive results in Ayurvedic medication. He underwent chelation with dimercaprol 250 mg iv for 7 days with blood samples testing negative repeatedly for the same heavy metal that tested positive earlier. However, in view of significant chronicity, he became dialysis dependent and was initiated on twice weekly hemodialysis. His persistent gastrointestinal symptoms were attributed to nonspecific colitis following a computed tomography of the abdomen and colonoscopy with biopsy. He responded to rifaximin and probiotics. Conclusion Heavy metal exposure, secondary to chronic Ayurvedic medication intake, is an unrecognized cause of renal dysfunction. The use of such medications for trivial purposes is rampant, especially in developing countries like India. Delaying diagnosis can lead to permanent renal damage with patients eventually becoming dialysis dependent.
重金属是许多传统药物的组成部分。然而,它们继续被用于一些微不足道的原因。慢性重金属暴露是肾脏损害的重要原因,但尚未得到充分认识。据我们所知,我们报告了第一例由阿育吠陀药物引起的重金属相关慢性肾脏疾病。患者24岁,因排便习惯改变而长期接受阿育吠陀药物治疗,表现为神经肌肉症状和双侧下肢肿胀,并发现低钙血症和肾功能不全。他开始透析,并进行了简单的肾活检,提示慢性肾小球硬化。鉴于大量接触阿育吠陀药物,他在服用阿育吠陀药物的同时,对血液、尿液和肾脏活检组织进行了重金属筛查。他的血液中镉、铜和汞检测呈阳性,阿育吠陀药物检测也呈阳性。他接受了250 mg iv二巯基丙醇螯合治疗,持续7天,血液样本多次检测出先前检测呈阳性的相同重金属呈阴性。然而,鉴于严重的慢性,他成为透析依赖,并开始每周两次血液透析。经腹部计算机断层扫描和结肠镜活检后,他的持续胃肠道症状归因于非特异性结肠炎。他对利福昔明和益生菌有反应。结论慢性阿育吠陀药物继发的重金属暴露是肾功能不全的原因。将此类药物用于鸡毛蒜皮的目的十分猖獗,尤其是在印度这样的发展中国家。延迟诊断可能导致永久性肾损害,患者最终成为透析依赖。
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引用次数: 0
Cytokine Storm in COVID 19 Culminating in Candida Endocarditis COVID - 19细胞因子风暴最终导致假丝酵母心内膜炎
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/26339447221090071
M. Kaneria, Abhijeet Budhe, Prasenjit Lade, Tejas Poyekar
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), had made its demonic debut on the world stage in December 2019 and has been sweeping across the globe since then. 1 This new kid on the block soon also joined the cluster of risk factors, leading to fungal infections. Cases of mucormycosis, colloquially called “black fungus,” (COVID-19 associated mucormycosis [CAM]), had escalated in India, and the focus then shifted to Candida, the so-called “white fungus.” The dysregulated immune system in COVID-19, along with the immunosuppressants used to treat it, may give rise to fatal secondary infections. We present a patient who had a stormy, prolonged course following COVID-19, with multiple bacterial and viral infections, subsequently culminating in fungal endocarditis with Candida tropicalis.
由严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2)引起的冠状病毒病2019 (COVID-19)于2019年12月在世界舞台上恶魔般地首次亮相,此后席卷全球。这个新来的孩子很快也加入了导致真菌感染的危险因素。在印度,俗称“黑菌”的毛霉菌病(与COVID-19相关的毛霉菌病[CAM])病例已经升级,然后焦点转移到念珠菌,即所谓的“白色真菌”。COVID-19中失调的免疫系统,以及用于治疗它的免疫抑制剂,可能导致致命的继发感染。我们报告了一位患者,他在COVID-19后经历了暴风雨,延长了病程,伴有多种细菌和病毒感染,随后最终导致真菌性心内膜炎伴热带念珠菌。
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引用次数: 0
Quintessential Case of POEMS Syndrome Associated With Multicentric Castleman Disease POEMS综合征与多中心Castleman病的典型病例
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/26339447221086398
K. Kannan, I. Vaikundaraja, K. Murhekar, Swathy Pitti Umasankar
Castleman disease (CD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder, closely related to Polyneuropathy, Organomegaly, Endocrinopathy, Monoclonal plasma cell disorder, and Skin changes (POEMS) syndrome. We report a typical patient of multicentric CD with POEMS syndrome with all the classical features.
Castleman病(CD)是一种罕见的淋巴增生性疾病,与多神经病变、器官肿大、内分泌病变、单克隆浆细胞疾病和皮肤改变(POEMS)综合征密切相关。我们报告一例典型的多中心CD合并POEMS综合征,具有所有经典特征。
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引用次数: 0
Sepsis due to Sphingomonas Paucimobilis in a Polytrauma Patient 多处创伤患者少动鞘单胞菌致脓毒症1例
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/26339447221077501
Arya S. Devi, R. T, Ashish Jitendranath, Ivy Viswamohanan, Gangarathna Krishna
Sphingomonas paucimobilis is a yellow-pigmented, aerobic, glucose nonfermenting, Gram-negative bacillus, causing a rare human infection normally associated with immunocompromised host. A 47-year-old male, known diabetic and hypertensive on treatment, with a history of trauma, underwent surgical intervention and developed fever postoperatively. A positive growth was detected on BACT/ALERT 3D. Blood culture smear shows Gram-negative bacilli which was identified as S. paucimobilis.
少动鞘氨单胞菌是一种黄色色素,需氧,葡萄糖不发酵,革兰氏阴性杆菌,引起一种罕见的人类感染,通常与免疫功能低下的宿主有关。47岁男性,已知正在治疗的糖尿病和高血压,有外伤史,手术干预,术后出现发热。BACT/ALERT 3D检测到阳性生长。血培养涂片示革兰氏阴性杆菌,鉴定为少动葡萄球菌。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal, Indian Academy of Clinical Medicine
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