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A Russian Officer with Polish Roots in Czechoslovakia. On the Seventieth Anniversary of Vladimír Hejmovský’s Victory in the Grand Pardubice Steeplechase 一位在捷克斯洛伐克有波兰血统的俄罗斯军官。Vladimír Hejmovský在Grand Pardubice Steeplechase获胜70周年
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2022-06-03 DOI: 10.5817/cphpj-2021-002
Petr Kaleta
Vladimír Hejmovský (Russian: Vladimir Geymovsky) was a tsarist officer in Russia who fought on the side of the Whites against the Bolsheviks. After arriving in Czechoslovakia in 1923, he became an officer in the Czechoslovak army. He was also a passionate equestrian who managed to win the Grand Pardubice Steeplechase in 1951 – when he was nearly sixty years old. But he would never again achieve a similar sporting achievement. Czechoslovakia’s State Security (StB) sought to get rid of him for his earlier anti-Bolshevik activities (and his activities in the Russian émigré organization Victor), which they succeeded in doing in September 1952
弗拉迪米尔·赫季莫夫斯基(俄语:Vladimir Geymovsky)是俄罗斯的一名沙皇军官,曾代表白人对抗布尔什维克。1923年抵达捷克斯洛伐克后,他成为捷克斯洛伐克军队的一名军官。他也是一名充满激情的马术运动员,1951年,当他快60岁的时候,他成功赢得了Grand Pardubice Steeplechase。但他再也不会取得类似的体育成就了。捷克斯洛伐克国家安全局(StB)试图除掉他早期的反布尔什维克活动(以及他在俄罗斯移民组织维克多的活动),他们于1952年9月成功地做到了这一点
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引用次数: 0
The Revived Statehood (1918–21) in the Reflection of the Czech (Slovak) and Polish Post Stamps and the Didactic Applications 捷克(斯洛伐克)和波兰邮票反映中的复兴国家(1918-21)及其教学应用
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2022-06-03 DOI: 10.5817/cphpj-2021-004
K. Štěpánek
The text analyses the historical, didactic and methodological aspects of the use of post stamps in the educational process. It focuses on the reflection of the renewed Czechoslovak and Polish statehood after the end of the First World War through the period and jubilee post stamps. Like posters, post stamps are a historical source reflecting mainly modern (national) history and, for example, the changes in the statehood. On the basis of an appropriate selection, the mechanisms of legitimization of the state power or propaganda can be concisely and effectively explained in history lessons. The described procedure creates an fective alternative educational medium that strengthens the interdisciplinary cooperation of school history –media education.
本文分析了邮票在教育过程中使用的历史、教学和方法方面。它的重点是反映捷克斯洛伐克和波兰国家在第一次世界大战结束后,通过时期和纪念邮票。像海报一样,邮票是主要反映现代(国家)历史的历史来源,例如,国家地位的变化。在适当选择的基础上,可以在历史课上简明有效地解释国家权力或宣传合法化的机制。这一过程创造了一种有效的替代教育媒介,加强了校史与媒介教育的跨学科合作。
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引用次数: 0
Shaping the past and comprehending the present: The World of Russian émigré textbooks in the 1920s – 1930s 塑造过去,理解现在:20世纪二三十年代俄罗斯移民教科书的世界
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2022-06-03 DOI: 10.5817/cphpj-2021-005
M. Kovalev
Russian emigration after the 1917 revolution gave birth to a special culture of memory and a specific historical consciousness. These processes were greatly influenced by the dramatic events of the recent past (the First World War, the Revolution of 1917, the Civil War and the Exodus), which took on the character of historical trauma. The article focuses on how Russian émigré scholars tried to interpret complex issues of the Russian past and present in history textbooks. In this article, the textbooks by three historians (E. F. Shmurlo, L. M. Sukhotin and R. Yu. Wipper) are analyzed. The author of the article attempts to understand how these scholars assessed the Russian imperial past, including expansion, and how they explained the reasons for the Revolution and the collapse of statehood in 1917.
1917年革命后的俄罗斯移民产生了一种特殊的记忆文化和特定的历史意识。这些过程在很大程度上受到了最近发生的戏剧性事件(第一次世界大战、1917年革命、内战和出埃及记)的影响,这些事件具有历史创伤的特征。这篇文章的重点是俄罗斯移民学者如何试图解读历史教科书中俄罗斯过去和现在的复杂问题。本文分析了三位历史学家(E.F.Shmurlo、L.M.Sukhotin和R.Yu.Wipper)的教科书。文章作者试图了解这些学者如何评估俄罗斯帝国的过去,包括扩张,以及他们如何解释1917年革命和国家崩溃的原因。
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引用次数: 0
The Polish Club in Prague (1887–2020) 布拉格波兰俱乐部(1887-2020)
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2022-06-03 DOI: 10.5817/cphpj-2021-003
Roman Baron, Roman Madecki
The essay presents a synthesizing glimpse into the relatively long tradition of Polish associational life in Prague (on the example of the Polish Club), which was violently interrupted during the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (1940) and restored after the Velvet Revolution in Czechoslovakia (1991). Today’s Polish Club in Prague directly succeeds an organisation of the same name that originated under the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy (1887). It is widely regarded as the representative and speaker of all Poles permanently living in the capitol in the Czech Republic or in its immediate vicinity. It plays this role towards the state and local authorities (in particular the City of Prague Magistrate) as well as the Polish representative office in the Czech Republic, i.e. the Embassy of the Republic of Poland in Prague (including its Consular Department). The activities and attitudes of the Polish Club in Prague have thus never been without significance in terms of the development of Czech-Polish relations – in particular with regard to the cultural ocial contacts, mutual recognition of both neighbouring nations or overcoming the negative heterostereotypes.
本文以波兰俱乐部为例,全面回顾了波兰在布拉格相对悠久的结社生活传统,该传统在波希米亚和摩拉维亚保护国(1940年)期间被暴力打断,在捷克斯洛伐克天鹅绒革命(1991年)后恢复。今天在布拉格的波兰俱乐部直接继承了一个起源于奥匈帝国(1887年)的同名组织。它被广泛认为是永久居住在捷克共和国国会大厦或其附近的所有波兰人的代表和发言人。它对国家和地方当局(特别是布拉格市治安官)以及波兰驻捷克共和国代表处,即波兰共和国驻布拉格大使馆(包括领事部)发挥这一作用。因此,布拉格波兰俱乐部的活动和态度对捷克与波兰关系的发展意义重大,尤其是在文化社会联系、两个邻国的相互承认或克服负面的异质模式方面。
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引用次数: 0
Comparison of the documentaries and its use in the teaching of history 纪录片的比较及其在历史教学中的应用
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2022-06-03 DOI: 10.5817/cphpj-2021-011
Petra Polubňáková
The aim of the presented study is to compare two documentaries that deal with the same personality – Klement Gottwald – President of the Czechoslovak Republic in the years 1948–1953. Based on selected films we want to analyse how the current social situation, state regime, results stemming from history knowledge and current history education are reflected in their content. For this reason, we chose a documentary from the Descendants and Ancestors series called Klement Gottwald made in 1986, as well as a documentary from the Red Presidents series called Unified in Fear – Klement Gottwald in 2018, since the aim was to compare images published before and after 1989.2 At the same time, we look at the issue from a didactic point of view, when we present specific possibilities of using the comparison of documentary films in history teaching. At the beginning, we briefly define what a documentary is. Next, we introduce the personality of Klement Gottwald from the point of view of modern historiography, and for an overview we name and briefly inform about some documentary films that were made about him. Subsequently, we focus on the basic data for the selected images and then we move on to the comparison itself, where we focus among other things, on pointing out the influence of communist propaganda. In this section we focus on specific common or different features of both documents and analyse them in detail. Finally, we offer several alternatives for the application of the comparison of documentary films in educational practice.
提出的研究的目的是比较两个纪录片处理相同的个性-克莱门特戈特瓦尔德-捷克斯洛伐克共和国总统在1948年至1953年。通过选取的电影,我们想要分析当前的社会状况、国家政权、历史知识和当前历史教育的结果是如何反映在它们的内容中。因此,我们选择了1986年的《后裔与祖先》系列纪录片《克莱门特·戈特瓦尔德》,以及2018年的《红色总统》系列纪录片《恐惧中的统一——克莱门特·戈特瓦尔德》,因为我们的目的是比较1989年前后出版的图像。同时,我们从教学的角度来看待这个问题,提出了在历史教学中使用纪录片比较的具体可能性。首先,我们简单地定义了什么是纪录片。接下来,我们从现代史学的角度介绍克莱门特·戈特瓦尔德的性格,并简要介绍一些关于他的纪录片。随后,我们将重点放在选定图像的基本数据上,然后再进行比较本身,其中我们将重点放在指出共产主义宣传的影响上。在本节中,我们将重点关注这两个文档的特定共同点或不同之处,并对其进行详细分析。最后,我们为纪录片比较在教育实践中的应用提供了几种选择。
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引用次数: 0
The League of Zelená Hora and the Jagiellonian Candidacy for the Bohemian Throne 泽伦<s:1>霍拉联盟和雅盖隆人对波西米亚王位的候选
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2022-06-03 DOI: 10.5817/cphpj-2021-009
M. Šandera
The study deals with the development and transformation of the attitudes of the power block of the Bohemian Catholic nobility of the so-called League of Zelená Hora towards the Jagiellonian candidacy for the Bohemian throne. It first offered the throne to the Jagiellonians itself and anticipated in return the military support of Poland in the war with the present King of Bohemia George of Poděbrady. Polish mediation in fact did save the League of Zelená Hora from defeat, but the League did not want to accept the Jagiellonian tactic of neutrality. Thanks to the Hungarian king Matthias Corvinus, it received military assistance, which led it to deny Polish claims by electing Corvinus as King of Bohemia in 1469. When King George began negotiations on Polish succession with the Krakow court, the League, on the other hand, tried to prevent Polish success by political means. After the election of Władysław II Jagiełło as Bohemian king, it did not recognise him, but was interested in a military confrontation and only after the pressure of Matthias Corvinus did it join the so-called War of the Three Kings with Władysław and his father Casimir IV. Nevertheless, it still preferred a diplomatic resolution of the dispute and peaceful coexistence with Władysław’s party in Bohemia.
该研究涉及所谓的泽伦霍拉联盟的波西米亚天主教贵族的权力集团对雅盖隆候选人对波西米亚王位的态度的发展和转变。它首先把王位让给雅盖隆人,并期望在与波德涅布雷迪的波西米亚国王乔治的战争中得到波兰的军事支持。波兰的调停确实使泽伦霍拉联盟免于失败,但联盟不愿接受雅盖隆的中立策略。由于匈牙利国王马蒂亚斯·科维努斯,它得到了军事援助,这使得它在1469年选举科维努斯为波西米亚国王,从而否认了波兰的要求。当乔治国王开始与克拉科夫朝廷就波兰王位继承问题进行谈判时,国联则试图通过政治手段阻止波兰的成功。在Władysław二世Jagiełło当选为波希米亚国王后,它并不承认他,而是对军事对抗感兴趣,只是在马蒂亚斯·科维努斯的压力下,它才与Władysław和他的父亲卡西米尔四世加入了所谓的三王之战。尽管如此,它仍然倾向于通过外交解决争端,与Władysław在波希米亚的政党和平共处。
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引用次数: 0
Diplomatic, Pedagogical and Scientific Activities of Stepan Smal-Stotsky in Czechoslovakia in 1918-1938 1918-1938年斯捷潘·斯莫尔-斯托茨基在捷克斯洛伐克的外交、教学和科学活动
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.5817/cphpj-2021-014
O. Dobrzhanskyi, Lyudmyla Strilchuk
The article analyzes the activities of famous Ukrainian scientist and public figure Stepan Smal-Stotsky during his emigration to Czechoslovakia in 1918-1938. It is noted that now S.Smal-Stotsky had become a diplomat for the first time as the ambassador of the Western Ukraine People's Republic in Prague. In cooperation with the Ukraine People's Republic (UPR) embassy, he managed to implement a number of events to promote Ukrainian aspirations. From 1921 to 1937, S. Smal-Stotsky taught the Ukrainian Language and Literature at the Ukrainian Free University in Prague. There had been a lot of success in this field, he managed to educate an entire galaxy of eminent scientists in linguistics. The article notes that S. Smal-Stotsky was more concerned in scientific terms with the issues of the origin of the Ukrainian language, literary studies of the works of Taras Shevchenko at that time. He initiated a number of discussions on the issues of Ukrainian spelling, the ancient period of Ukrainian history. S. Smal-Stotsky out a great deal of organizational and social work at that time. He initiated two Ukrainian research and scientific congresses in Prague and headed the Museum of the Liberation Struggle of Ukraine.
本文分析了乌克兰著名科学家、公众人物斯捷潘·斯莫尔-斯托茨基在1918-1938年移居捷克斯洛伐克期间的活动。应当指出,斯莫尔-斯托茨基先生现在第一次成为外交官,担任西乌克兰人民共和国驻布拉格大使。他与乌克兰人民共和国(普遍定期审议)大使馆合作,设法实施了一些活动,以促进乌克兰的愿望。从1921年到1937年,S.斯莫尔-斯托茨基在布拉格的乌克兰自由大学教授乌克兰语言文学。在这个领域有很多成功,他成功地教育了一大批杰出的语言学家。文章指出,S.斯莫尔-斯托茨基在科学方面更关注乌克兰语的起源问题,当时对塔拉斯·舍甫琴科作品的文学研究。他发起了一些关于乌克兰语拼写问题的讨论,乌克兰历史的古代时期。斯莫尔-斯托茨基在当时做了大量的组织和社会工作。他在布拉格发起了两次乌克兰研究和科学大会,并领导了乌克兰解放斗争博物馆。
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引用次数: 0
The Changing Role of Women from the mid-19th Century to the Present Day: an Analysis of German History Textbooks from a Gender Perspective 19世纪中期至今女性角色的变迁:性别视角下的德国历史教科书分析
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.5817/cphpj-2021-016
Denisa Labischová
The article presents the findings of a study that conducted a content analysis of German history textbooks for upper secondary schools, investigating gender aspects of the educational content. The analysis focused primarily on the presentation of the historical evolution of women’s roles from the mid-19th century to the present day. The study draws on previous research of history teaching materials comparing the content of history textbooks in Austria, Britain, France, Germany and Switzerland. The methodology is anchored in recent literature, and includes a qualitative analysis based on a set of predetermined criteria. The findings of the analysis indicate that German textbooks devote substantial coverage to the history of women’s emancipation; the textbooks contain separate chapters focusing on the gender dimension, including the struggle for women’s suffrage, women’s war efforts during the two world wars, the status of women in the Weimar Republic, Nazi Germany and post-1945, and questions of everyday life. The didactic elements of the texts are also well-elaborated (methodological passages, the use of didactic media, interpretation of historical sources, project-based teaching).    
本文介绍了一项研究的结果,该研究对德国高中历史教科书进行了内容分析,调查了教育内容中的性别方面。分析主要侧重于介绍从19世纪中期到今天妇女角色的历史演变。本研究借鉴了以往对历史教材的研究,比较了奥地利、英国、法国、德国和瑞士历史教材的内容。该方法以最近的文献为基础,包括基于一组预定标准的定性分析。分析结果表明,德国教科书大量涉及妇女解放的历史;教科书中有单独的章节,侧重于性别层面,包括争取妇女选举权的斗争、两次世界大战期间妇女的战争努力、魏玛共和国、纳粹德国和1945年后妇女的地位,以及日常生活问题。教材中的教学元素也得到了很好的阐述(方法论段落、教学媒体的使用、历史来源的解释、基于项目的教学)。
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引用次数: 0
František Alois Hora (1838–1916) – Ambassador for Polish Culture in West Bohemia and his Relations with 19th century Polish Intellectuals František Alois Hora(1838-1916) -波兰驻西波西米亚文化大使及其与19世纪波兰知识分子的关系
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.5817/cphpj-2021-017
Naděžda Morávková
This paper is dedicated to František Alois Hora (1838–1916), a Pilsen teacher, writer and translator, who broke down borders between Czechs and Poles. He translated more than 50 Polish authors, in particular Józef Ignacy Kraszewski, Stanisław Grudziński, Adam Pług, Eliza Orzeszkowa, Władysław Bogusławski, Wilhelmina Zyndram-Kościałkowska, Helena Janina Boguska – Hajota, Józefa Sawicka – Ostoja, Zygmunt Miłkowski – T. T. Jez, Bolesław Prus and Henryk Sienkiewicz. He established personal friendships with most of these writers, and his papers in the Pilsen City Archives contain many interesting letters in Polish. He compiled and published a Polish-Czech dictionary, Czech-Polish dictionary and Polish practical grammar, organised free Polish language courses and popularised the culture and literature of Poland. Although his work is of great significance, interest of literary or history researchers has remained scant right up to the present day.
本文谨献给打破捷克和波兰边界的皮尔森教师、作家和翻译家František阿洛伊斯·霍拉(1838-1916)。他翻译了50多名波兰作家的作品,特别是Józef Ignacy Kraszewski, Stanisław Grudziński, Adam Pług, Eliza Orzeszkowa, Władysław Bogusławski, Wilhelmina Zyndram-Kościałkowska, Helena Janina Boguska - Hajota, Józefa Sawicka - Ostoja, Zygmunt Miłkowski - t.t. Jez, Bolesław Prus和Henryk Sienkiewicz。他与这些作家中的大多数建立了私人友谊,他在皮尔森市档案馆的论文中包含了许多有趣的波兰语信件。他编写并出版了《波兰-捷克语词典》、《捷克-波兰语词典》和《波兰实用语法》,组织了免费的波兰语课程,普及了波兰的文化和文学。虽然他的作品意义重大,但直到今天,文学或历史研究者的兴趣仍然很少。
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引用次数: 0
Warsaw Period of Viktor Kosenko's Life (1898–1914): the Influence of a Multinational and Multicultural Environment 科申科生命的华沙时期(1898-1914):多国和多元文化环境的影响
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.5817/cphpj-2021-015
Olga Volosatykh
Viktor Kosenko (1896–1938) was one of the brightest representatives of Ukrainian musical culture of the first half of the 20th century. He was a brilliant pianist, a genius composer, and an outstanding teacher. But the first twenty years of his biography are a "white spot", a gap in modern musicology. There are almost no materials related to this time in his personal archive, as well as in the funds of the Composer's Memorial Apartment. So let's look for the reasons for the "mysterious disappearance" of the information about the artist's childhood and youth period. We will find the information in other sources and reconstruct this period of his biography, immerse ourselves in the atmosphere that surrounded the future composer during his stay in Warsaw, restore impressions and memories of his school life period, which could be reflected in his future work.
维克多·科申科(1896-1938)是20世纪上半叶乌克兰音乐文化最杰出的代表之一。他是一位杰出的钢琴家,一位天才的作曲家和一位杰出的教师。但在他的传记中,头二十年是一个“白点”,是现代音乐学的一个空白。在他的个人档案中,以及作曲家纪念公寓的资金中,几乎没有与这段时间有关的材料。那么,让我们来看看艺术家童年和青年时期的信息“神秘消失”的原因。我们将从其他来源寻找信息,重构他这一时期的生平,沉浸在这位未来作曲家在华沙的生活氛围中,还原他在学校生活时期的印象和记忆,这些都可以反映在他未来的作品中。
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引用次数: 0
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Czech-Polish Historical and Pedagogical Journal
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