The article focuses on ethnic removals as the aftermath of the outcome of World War II. The removal of the nations of Eastern Europe, especially Ukrainians and Poles, had irreversibly altered the ethnic circumstances or security situation of many states except Czechoslovakia. The transfers of inhabitants and the transformation of the frontiers where the ethnic collectives originally lived were radical solutions to the severe societal tensions of that period. The article discusses migration movements which in consequence influenced Czechoslovakia.
{"title":"The Ethnic Removals of Ukrainians and Poles in Eastern Europe after the World War II and their Impact on Post-war Czechoslovakia","authors":"T. Řepa","doi":"10.5817/cphpj-2022-001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/cphpj-2022-001","url":null,"abstract":"The article focuses on ethnic removals as the aftermath of the outcome of World War II. The removal of the nations of Eastern Europe, especially Ukrainians and Poles, had irreversibly altered the ethnic circumstances or security situation of many states except Czechoslovakia. The transfers of inhabitants and the transformation of the frontiers where the ethnic collectives originally lived were radical solutions to the severe societal tensions of that period. The article discusses migration movements which in consequence influenced Czechoslovakia.","PeriodicalId":40146,"journal":{"name":"Czech-Polish Historical and Pedagogical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48417424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article deals with a retrospective analysis of the content of the aesthetic-therapeutic component of the formation of a creative harmonious personality in Ukrainian and Polish pedagogy in the late nineteenth – twentieth century. It is defined the essence of aesthetic therapy as an integrative humanistic technology of activating the emotional sphere of a personality with the aim of providing psychologically comfortable conditions for creative personal fulfi lment. The problem of individual creative and spiritual development of a child by means of aesthetic therapy is highlighted in the views of prominent national humanist-educators (A. Makarenko, Ya. Korczak, S. Rusova, V. Sukhomlynskyi). It is proven that the most characteristic features of Ukrainian and Polish folk pedagogy are high aestheticization, Christian-spiritual and extreme nature-based content, that are fully consistent with the basic postulates of the aesthetic-therapeutic concept of personality formation.
{"title":"Aesthetic-Therapeutic Component of the Harmonious Development of a Personality in Ukrainian and Polish Pedagogy in the Late 19th-20th Century","authors":"O. Fediy, T. Miroshnichenko, O. Silchuk","doi":"10.5817/cphpj-2022-005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/cphpj-2022-005","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with a retrospective analysis of the content of the aesthetic-therapeutic component of the formation of a creative harmonious personality in Ukrainian and Polish pedagogy in the late nineteenth – twentieth century. It is defined the essence of aesthetic therapy as an integrative humanistic technology of activating the emotional sphere of a personality with the aim of providing psychologically comfortable conditions for creative personal fulfi lment. The problem of individual creative and spiritual development of a child by means of aesthetic therapy is highlighted in the views of prominent national humanist-educators (A. Makarenko, Ya. Korczak, S. Rusova, V. Sukhomlynskyi). It is proven that the most characteristic features of Ukrainian and Polish folk pedagogy are high aestheticization, Christian-spiritual and extreme nature-based content, that are fully consistent with the basic postulates of the aesthetic-therapeutic concept of personality formation.","PeriodicalId":40146,"journal":{"name":"Czech-Polish Historical and Pedagogical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48657564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The beginning teachers represent the most vulnerable group of the teaching population in the Czech Republic. This text aims to compare Czech strategic documents covering teacher’s induction with the German ones. In contrast to the Czech Republic, Germany has a functional and established system of support for beginning teachers during their induction period. This comparison considers the institutional and legislative framework from the perspective of the existing (German) and draft (Czech) documents. The efforts in the Czech Republic emphasise the importance of a “comprehensive system of professional support from a genuine functional induction” (Strategie 2030+). As an example of German ones, the text examines the strategic and legislative frameworkof Referendariat in Bavaria. The text assesses the documents in the following key areas: forms of support, the status and role of the “key stakeholders” (teachers, mentors, responsible persons etc.), the activities and interaction between the key stakeholders.
{"title":"Adaptation Period of Beginning Teachers from the Point of View of Strategic Documents – Czech Republic and Bavaria","authors":"Jan Egerle","doi":"10.5817/cphpj-2022-004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/cphpj-2022-004","url":null,"abstract":"The beginning teachers represent the most vulnerable group of the teaching population in the Czech Republic. This text aims to compare Czech strategic documents covering teacher’s induction with the German ones. In contrast to the Czech Republic, Germany has a functional and established system of support for beginning teachers during their induction period. This comparison considers the institutional and legislative framework from the perspective of the existing (German) and draft (Czech) documents. The efforts in the Czech Republic emphasise the importance of a “comprehensive system of professional support from a genuine functional induction” (Strategie 2030+). As an example of German ones, the text examines the strategic and legislative frameworkof Referendariat in Bavaria. The text assesses the documents in the following key areas: forms of support, the status and role of the “key stakeholders” (teachers, mentors, responsible persons etc.), the activities and interaction between the key stakeholders. ","PeriodicalId":40146,"journal":{"name":"Czech-Polish Historical and Pedagogical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41558619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article analyzes origins and further development of the education system in Subcarpathian Rus after the incorporation of that region into Czechoslovak republic in 1919 as well as the attitudes of the Rusyn politicians and public figures towards various aspects of school system in Subcarpathian Rus. Since during 1920-ties the school system in Subcarpathian region reflected the policy of “soft ukrainization” of the local Rusyn population pursued by Prague administration in cultural sphere, it aroused growing criticism from Russophile part of Rusyn public and political spectrum while the representatives of Ukrainian movement in Subcarpathian region insisted on more resolute pro-Ukrainian policy in the field of education. Rise of the political and cultural confrontation between the Russophile and Ukrainian intelligentsia of the Carpathian Rusyns became one of the important reasons for the destabilization of the situation in that region in the late 1930s.
{"title":"Education System in Subcarpathian Rus during Interwar Period in the Estimates of the Rusyn Politicians and Public Figures","authors":"K. Shevchenko, A. Bogatko","doi":"10.5817/cphpj-2021-010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/cphpj-2021-010","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes origins and further development of the education system in Subcarpathian Rus after the incorporation of that region into Czechoslovak republic in 1919 as well as the attitudes of the Rusyn politicians and public figures towards various aspects of school system in Subcarpathian Rus. Since during 1920-ties the school system in Subcarpathian region reflected the policy of “soft ukrainization” of the local Rusyn population pursued by Prague administration in cultural sphere, it aroused growing criticism from Russophile part of Rusyn public and political spectrum while the representatives of Ukrainian movement in Subcarpathian region insisted on more resolute pro-Ukrainian policy in the field of education. Rise of the political and cultural confrontation between the Russophile and Ukrainian intelligentsia of the Carpathian Rusyns became one of the important reasons for the destabilization of the situation in that region in the late 1930s.","PeriodicalId":40146,"journal":{"name":"Czech-Polish Historical and Pedagogical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41391421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It was certainly a great merit of the Czech School Foundation (CSF) that it undertook the difficult task of organizing Czech private education in Volhynia in accordance with the provisions of the Czechoslovak-Polish Treaty. The most difficult thing was to overcome the lack of funds, which were being obtained in the form of regular fund-raising collections once or twice a year and extraordinary fund-raising events on various occasions – parties, weddings, baptisms, etc. The Czech education system in Volhynia also received material assistance (textbooks, pupils’ libraries, teachers) from the school administration of the Czechoslovak Republic and from Comenius, the Association for the Support of Czechoslovak Foreign Schools.
{"title":"The Czech School Foundation in Volhynia, 1921–1939","authors":"J. Vaculik","doi":"10.5817/cphpj-2021-001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/cphpj-2021-001","url":null,"abstract":"It was certainly a great merit of the Czech School Foundation (CSF) that it undertook the difficult task of organizing Czech private education in Volhynia in accordance with the provisions of the Czechoslovak-Polish Treaty. The most difficult thing was to overcome the lack of funds, which were being obtained in the form of regular fund-raising collections once or twice a year and extraordinary fund-raising events on various occasions – parties, weddings, baptisms, etc. The Czech education system in Volhynia also received material assistance (textbooks, pupils’ libraries, teachers) from the school administration of the Czechoslovak Republic and from Comenius, the Association for the Support of Czechoslovak Foreign Schools.","PeriodicalId":40146,"journal":{"name":"Czech-Polish Historical and Pedagogical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47034198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The teaching profession is one of the oldest in the history of mankind and plays a very important role in society. A teacher’s education and duties varied throughout history. In Poland, the process of shaping the teaching profession began with the establishment of the first parish schools in the 11th century. Since then, both the schools and the teacher were fully subordinate to the Church. The teaching profession developed slowly from the time of obtaining qualifications in parish schools until the present day, when education can be acquired in teacher training colleges or universities.
{"title":"An Outline of the Teaching Profession in the History of the Polish Nation","authors":"Z. H. Kuźniewska","doi":"10.5817/cphpj-2021-012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/cphpj-2021-012","url":null,"abstract":"The teaching profession is one of the oldest in the history of mankind and plays a very important role in society. A teacher’s education and duties varied throughout history. In Poland, the process of shaping the teaching profession began with the establishment of the first parish schools in the 11th century. Since then, both the schools and the teacher were fully subordinate to the Church. The teaching profession developed slowly from the time of obtaining qualifications in parish schools until the present day, when education can be acquired in teacher training colleges or universities.","PeriodicalId":40146,"journal":{"name":"Czech-Polish Historical and Pedagogical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44426963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Activity of both the individual and the society has been directed towards creation of values essential for their life since ancient times, either for their protection against harmful impacts of natural and anthropogenic phenomena, or a combination thereof. The aim of the research presented in the article is to examine conditions and education development in the civil defence subject matter in the former Czechoslovakia in the 1918–1939 period. The performed research was carried out as a systematic study of socio-educational phenomena in order to obtain knowledge that describes and explains historical approach to civil defence education. The research part included a systematic process of gathering information, synthesizing the already existing knowledge and its structuring and sorting. A system approach to scientific literature research was used in order to obtain available information sources, published results as well as information from the field of education and civil defence education. The results show that the need for civil defence education was seen as an integral part of the education of a conscious, sturdy, disciplined and prepared citizen. Emphasis in school education and training was put mainly on moral awareness, physical fitness and civil defence training.
{"title":"Civil Defence Subject Matter Education in the Former Czechoslovakia in the 1918–1939 Period","authors":"Š. Kavan, A. Oulehlová","doi":"10.5817/cphpj-2021-008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/cphpj-2021-008","url":null,"abstract":"Activity of both the individual and the society has been directed towards creation of values essential for their life since ancient times, either for their protection against harmful impacts of natural and anthropogenic phenomena, or a combination thereof. The aim of the research presented in the article is to examine conditions and education development in the civil defence subject matter in the former Czechoslovakia in the 1918–1939 period. The performed research was carried out as a systematic study of socio-educational phenomena in order to obtain knowledge that describes and explains historical approach to civil defence education. The research part included a systematic process of gathering information, synthesizing the already existing knowledge and its structuring and sorting. A system approach to scientific literature research was used in order to obtain available information sources, published results as well as information from the field of education and civil defence education. The results show that the need for civil defence education was seen as an integral part of the education of a conscious, sturdy, disciplined and prepared citizen. Emphasis in school education and training was put mainly on moral awareness, physical fitness and civil defence training.","PeriodicalId":40146,"journal":{"name":"Czech-Polish Historical and Pedagogical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45559826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study deals with the involvement of foreign pilots in the Battle of Britain, both Czechoslovaks and Poles. Until now, there have been number of studies and monographies describing the formation and deployment of Czechoslovak and Pole pilots. Yet there has been no comparison of both sides. That is why this study focuses on a comparison of the legal status of Czechoslovak and Polish air force units, as well as their numbers, formations, and their structure. Using this approach, the aim is to answer in which aspects there were similarities and in which there were differences, thus, to set the phenomenon of Czechoslovak and Polish pilots in the RAF within a mutual context.
{"title":"Czechoslovaks and Poles in Royal Air Force During the Battle of Britain","authors":"Aleš Binar","doi":"10.5817/cphpj-2021-006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/cphpj-2021-006","url":null,"abstract":"The study deals with the involvement of foreign pilots in the Battle of Britain, both Czechoslovaks and Poles. Until now, there have been number of studies and monographies describing the formation and deployment of Czechoslovak and Pole pilots. Yet there has been no comparison of both sides. That is why this study focuses on a comparison of the legal status of Czechoslovak and Polish air force units, as well as their numbers, formations, and their structure. Using this approach, the aim is to answer in which aspects there were similarities and in which there were differences, thus, to set the phenomenon of Czechoslovak and Polish pilots in the RAF within a mutual context.","PeriodicalId":40146,"journal":{"name":"Czech-Polish Historical and Pedagogical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71339513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper presents an excerpt from the ongoing research of the beginnings of teaching Polish in Czechia. Its main focus is to analyse two textbooks for learning Polish by Iza Šaunová, designed for Czech students and published in the 1930s. The first one is called Polština pro každého (Prague 1930), the second – Mluvnice jazyka polského (Prague 1934), written by Šaunová together with a great Polish Slavicist, T. Lehr-Spławiński. The paper discusses both the structure of analysed publications, the contents, as well as applied teaching methods. Presented textbooks and their authors thus provide insight not only into the history of teaching Polish in Czechia, but also into the Czech and Polish relations in the pre-war times.
本文提出了一个节选，从正在进行的研究开始教学波兰语在捷克。它的主要重点是分析Iza Šaunová为捷克学生设计并于20世纪30年代出版的两本学习波兰语的教科书。第一部叫做Polština pro každého(1930年布拉格)，第二部叫做Mluvnice jazyka polsk(1934年布拉格)，由Šaunová和一位伟大的波兰斯拉夫主义者T. Lehr-Spławiński共同撰写。本文讨论了分析出版物的结构、内容以及应用的教学方法。因此，所提供的教科书及其作者不仅提供了对捷克波兰语教学历史的见解，而且还提供了战前捷克和波兰关系的见解。
{"title":"On the Need for Practical Knowledge of Slavic Languages, or Pre-War Polish Language Textbooks for the Czechs","authors":"Renata Rusin Dybalska","doi":"10.5817/cphpj-2021-013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/cphpj-2021-013","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents an excerpt from the ongoing research of the beginnings of teaching Polish in Czechia. Its main focus is to analyse two textbooks for learning Polish by Iza Šaunová, designed for Czech students and published in the 1930s. The first one is called Polština pro každého (Prague 1930), the second – Mluvnice jazyka polského (Prague 1934), written by Šaunová together with a great Polish Slavicist, T. Lehr-Spławiński. The paper discusses both the structure of analysed publications, the contents, as well as applied teaching methods. Presented textbooks and their authors thus provide insight not only into the history of teaching Polish in Czechia, but also into the Czech and Polish relations in the pre-war times.","PeriodicalId":40146,"journal":{"name":"Czech-Polish Historical and Pedagogical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41767054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study deals with the land register of the town of Boskovice, inventory no. 44 (1784–1790), from the paleographic point of view. It especially focuses on the handwriting identification of the scribes that participated in its functioning in the 18th century. In addition to elementary questions about determining the style of writing and the way of using abbreviations, it tries to observe possible integration of humanistic elements into neo-Gothic cursive (“Kurrent”).
{"title":"Paleographical Analysis of Scribes’ Hands in the Boskovice Land Register inv. no. 44","authors":"P. Sedláček","doi":"10.5817/cphpj-2021-007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/cphpj-2021-007","url":null,"abstract":"The study deals with the land register of the town of Boskovice, inventory no. 44 (1784–1790), from the paleographic point of view. It especially focuses on the handwriting identification of the scribes that participated in its functioning in the 18th century. In addition to elementary questions about determining the style of writing and the way of using abbreviations, it tries to observe possible integration of humanistic elements into neo-Gothic cursive (“Kurrent”).","PeriodicalId":40146,"journal":{"name":"Czech-Polish Historical and Pedagogical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47599309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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