Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.33545/comed.2021.v4.i2a.190
Rajeet Kumar, A. Thakur
Background: Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are the leading cause of unintentional injuries, accounting for the greatest proportion of deaths from unintentional injuries. Hence; the present study was undertaken for assessing the incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder among patients with history of road traffic accident. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 patients with history of road traffic accident were enrolled. A Performa was made and complete history was taken for obtaining information pertaining to demographic and clinical details. Psychiatric assessment of the patients was done for assessing the psychiatric illness and incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder. Also patients with history of presence of any malignant neoplasm were excluded. All the results were recorded and analysed by SPSS software. Results: Out of 50 patients enrolled, psychiatric illness was present in 42 percent of the patients. Among these 42 patients with psychiatric illness, 47.62 percent of the patients had post-traumatic stress disorder, 28.57 percent of the patients had anxiety and the remaining 23.81 percent of the patients had depressive disorder. Conclusion: Post-traumatic stress disorder is significant prevalent among patients with history of road traffic accident.
{"title":"Assessment of incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder among patients with history of road traffic accident","authors":"Rajeet Kumar, A. Thakur","doi":"10.33545/comed.2021.v4.i2a.190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/comed.2021.v4.i2a.190","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are the leading cause of unintentional injuries, accounting for the greatest proportion of deaths from unintentional injuries. Hence; the present study was undertaken for assessing the incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder among patients with history of road traffic accident. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 patients with history of road traffic accident were enrolled. A Performa was made and complete history was taken for obtaining information pertaining to demographic and clinical details. Psychiatric assessment of the patients was done for assessing the psychiatric illness and incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder. Also patients with history of presence of any malignant neoplasm were excluded. All the results were recorded and analysed by SPSS software. Results: Out of 50 patients enrolled, psychiatric illness was present in 42 percent of the patients. Among these 42 patients with psychiatric illness, 47.62 percent of the patients had post-traumatic stress disorder, 28.57 percent of the patients had anxiety and the remaining 23.81 percent of the patients had depressive disorder. Conclusion: Post-traumatic stress disorder is significant prevalent among patients with history of road traffic accident.","PeriodicalId":401938,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Community Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130366807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.33545/comed.2021.v4.i2a.189
Abhishek Kumar, A. Sharma, Priyanka Sahu
Background: The metabolic syndrome is characterized by clustering of various interlinked risk factors such as abdominal obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, pro inflammatory state, and a prothrombotic state. The present study was conducted to assess MetS among known population. Materials & Methods: 280 subjects of metabolic syndrome (MetS) of both genders age ranged from 20-70 years were included. Body mass index (BMI), hip circumference (HC), waist circumference (WC), and blood pressure, fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL- C), and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) were estimated. Results: The mean BMI (Kg/m2) in males was 50.3 and in females was 48.1, SBP (mm Hg) was 128.4 in males and 126.4 in females, DBP (mm Hg) was 84.2 in males and 80.4 in females, TG (mg/dl) was 146.2 in males and 132.2 in females, cholesterol (mg/dl) was 185.2 in males and 186.2 in females, HDL-C (mg/dl) was 40.8 in males and 43.6 in females, LDL-C (mg/dl) was 118.2 in males and 116.0 in females and FBS (mg/dl) was 102.4 in males and 98.4 in females. The difference was non- significant (P> 0.05). Age >40 years had 3.4 times, BMI (>25 Kg/m2) had 4.6 times, cholesterol (>200mg/dl) had 1.5 times, hypertension had 2.31 times and diabetes had 5.39 times risk of metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome and associated risk factors was high among male adults.
{"title":"Assessment of metabolic syndrome among known population: A community survey","authors":"Abhishek Kumar, A. Sharma, Priyanka Sahu","doi":"10.33545/comed.2021.v4.i2a.189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/comed.2021.v4.i2a.189","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The metabolic syndrome is characterized by clustering of various interlinked risk factors such as abdominal obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, pro inflammatory state, and a prothrombotic state. The present study was conducted to assess MetS among known population. Materials & Methods: 280 subjects of metabolic syndrome (MetS) of both genders age ranged from 20-70 years were included. Body mass index (BMI), hip circumference (HC), waist circumference (WC), and blood pressure, fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL- C), and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) were estimated. Results: The mean BMI (Kg/m2) in males was 50.3 and in females was 48.1, SBP (mm Hg) was 128.4 in males and 126.4 in females, DBP (mm Hg) was 84.2 in males and 80.4 in females, TG (mg/dl) was 146.2 in males and 132.2 in females, cholesterol (mg/dl) was 185.2 in males and 186.2 in females, HDL-C (mg/dl) was 40.8 in males and 43.6 in females, LDL-C (mg/dl) was 118.2 in males and 116.0 in females and FBS (mg/dl) was 102.4 in males and 98.4 in females. The difference was non- significant (P> 0.05). Age >40 years had 3.4 times, BMI (>25 Kg/m2) had 4.6 times, cholesterol (>200mg/dl) had 1.5 times, hypertension had 2.31 times and diabetes had 5.39 times risk of metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome and associated risk factors was high among male adults.","PeriodicalId":401938,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Community Medicine","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126720537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.33545/comed.2021.v4.i2a.195
M. Karypidou, D. Lytras, Anastasios Kottaras, Paris Iakovidis, Andreas Fotios Tsimerakis, Georgios, Leptourgos
Diabetes is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide and Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN) is the most common neuropathic syndrome affecting approximately 50% of patients with type 2 diabetes. One of its main clinical manifestations is neuropathic pain, which significantly complicates the daily life of patients and leads to a low quality of life related to health. The aim of this review is to describe research data on the means of electrotherapy used and their effects in the treatment of pain in patients with DPN. The PubMed, PEDro, Scopus and Google Scholar databases were searched in English with the following keywords: Diabetic Painful Neuropathy, Low-level Laser Therapy, Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation, and Electromagnetic Fields. The review included 10 clinical studies published in the period of 2004-2019. Discussion-Conclusions: Low-power lasers, pulsed electromagnetic fields and Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) are treatment options for treating neuropathic pain in patients with DPN and are considered safe, effective, with minimal side effects compared to medication. However, diabetic neuropathic pain remains a challenge for health scientists. Although there is scientific evidence for the contribution of electrotherapy to its treatment, more focused research is needed.
{"title":"Effects of electrotherapy in neuropathic pain management in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy: A narrative review","authors":"M. Karypidou, D. Lytras, Anastasios Kottaras, Paris Iakovidis, Andreas Fotios Tsimerakis, Georgios, Leptourgos","doi":"10.33545/comed.2021.v4.i2a.195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/comed.2021.v4.i2a.195","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide and Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN) is the most common neuropathic syndrome affecting approximately 50% of patients with type 2 diabetes. One of its main clinical manifestations is neuropathic pain, which significantly complicates the daily life of patients and leads to a low quality of life related to health. The aim of this review is to describe research data on the means of electrotherapy used and their effects in the treatment of pain in patients with DPN. The PubMed, PEDro, Scopus and Google Scholar databases were searched in English with the following keywords: Diabetic Painful Neuropathy, Low-level Laser Therapy, Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation, and Electromagnetic Fields. The review included 10 clinical studies published in the period of 2004-2019. Discussion-Conclusions: Low-power lasers, pulsed electromagnetic fields and Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) are treatment options for treating neuropathic pain in patients with DPN and are considered safe, effective, with minimal side effects compared to medication. However, diabetic neuropathic pain remains a challenge for health scientists. Although there is scientific evidence for the contribution of electrotherapy to its treatment, more focused research is needed.","PeriodicalId":401938,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Community Medicine","volume":"306 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132794669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.33545/comed.2021.v4.i1a.187
G. Parvez, Jannatul Ferdous Tonu, Rawshon Ara, S. Hossain, Umar Faruque, R. Khatun, Anika Tahsin Mim, S. Sharmin, Sumiya Akter
Background: Gastrointestinal disease is a burden both for developed and developing countries. This diseases has long term complications and responsible for generation of other diseases.Aims and objectives: This work was designed to identify the age at which this disease first occurred, duration of disease, major complications like burning feelings, stool in blood, ulcer etc. Relationship between lifestyle and food habits with prevalence of disease was also assayed.Materials and methods: The data was collected from July to November 2020 by directly interviewing the patients.Results: This data was collected from 1176 patients, of them 53.74% are male and 46.25% are female. It was found that 60% of patients are taking treatments from directly supervision of physicians. This study revealed that 20.66% respondents first suffered from GI disease at 11-20 years old. Most of the patients of this study needs long time treatment and 30.27% patients are taking treatments for 1-3 years, and 25.43% for 3-6 years. Twenty nine percent of our study sample have experienced malnutrition, 83% have experienced stomach pain and 54% have experienced nausea. The food habit of patients shows that more than 70% of participants have habit of taking soft drinks, 79% have habit of street food and 43.54% participants are drinking about 2 liters of waiter daily.Conclusion: Gastrointestinal disease has a wide range of complications to the patients and disciplined lifestyle should be practiced to avoid this types of disease.
{"title":"A survey on nature, cause and management of gastrointestinal disorders","authors":"G. Parvez, Jannatul Ferdous Tonu, Rawshon Ara, S. Hossain, Umar Faruque, R. Khatun, Anika Tahsin Mim, S. Sharmin, Sumiya Akter","doi":"10.33545/comed.2021.v4.i1a.187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/comed.2021.v4.i1a.187","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Gastrointestinal disease is a burden both for developed and developing countries. This diseases has long term complications and responsible for generation of other diseases.Aims and objectives: This work was designed to identify the age at which this disease first occurred, duration of disease, major complications like burning feelings, stool in blood, ulcer etc. Relationship between lifestyle and food habits with prevalence of disease was also assayed.Materials and methods: The data was collected from July to November 2020 by directly interviewing the patients.Results: This data was collected from 1176 patients, of them 53.74% are male and 46.25% are female. It was found that 60% of patients are taking treatments from directly supervision of physicians. This study revealed that 20.66% respondents first suffered from GI disease at 11-20 years old. Most of the patients of this study needs long time treatment and 30.27% patients are taking treatments for 1-3 years, and 25.43% for 3-6 years. Twenty nine percent of our study sample have experienced malnutrition, 83% have experienced stomach pain and 54% have experienced nausea. The food habit of patients shows that more than 70% of participants have habit of taking soft drinks, 79% have habit of street food and 43.54% participants are drinking about 2 liters of waiter daily.Conclusion: Gastrointestinal disease has a wide range of complications to the patients and disciplined lifestyle should be practiced to avoid this types of disease.","PeriodicalId":401938,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Community Medicine","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122912683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.33545/comed.2021.v4.i1a.186
J. Selan, Jwaher A. Almulhem, Ranyah Aldekhyyel, Jehad Saleh
Background: In the light of the major healthcare transformations taking place in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), more focus is placed on promoting patient engagement to improve the quality of healthcare services provided. There is limited research that explores the factors related to the use of patient portals in KSA, which support patient engagement. We aimed to investigate factors that contribute to the use of a specific patient portal system, implemented at Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, KSA among chronically ill patients in an outpatient setting. Method: A cross-sectional study was performed in the adult outpatient clinics. We included five main outcomes: self-reported portal use, participant characteristics, patient activation levels, e-Health literacy scores, and the availability of internet access at home. We used descriptive analyses, univariate and multivariate logistic regression to analyze the data. Results: A total of 403 patients (81% response rate) participated in our study. More than 50% of the participants were female, younger than 55 years, educated, with monthly family income less than 10, 000 SR. Most of the participants reported at least one form of internet connection. A total of 212 (52.6%) participants were users of the portal. Patient activation measure scores were at level 3 or below for the majority of participants (66%) and e-Health literacy scores were at a moderate to a high level for 276 (69%) of participants. Portal use was more likely among males (OR = 2.182, p = 0.00), with two or more forms of internet connections (OR = 5.586, p = 0.037), and with moderate to high levels of e-Health literacy (OR = 2.028, p = 0.003) (OR = 2.309, p = 0.022). There was a positive correlation between e-Health literacy scores and patient activation levels (R = 0.321, p = 0.000). Conclusion: Patient portal use was significantly influenced by certain factors, including gender, level of e-Health literacy and availability of internet. There is a tremendous opportunity to improve the use of patient portal by focusing on methods to increase the level of patient activation and e-Health literacy scores.
背景:鉴于沙特阿拉伯王国(KSA)正在发生的重大医疗保健变革，更多的重点放在促进患者参与，以提高所提供的医疗保健服务的质量。在支持患者参与的KSA中，探索与使用患者门户网站相关的因素的研究有限。我们的目的是调查导致使用特定患者门户系统的因素，该系统在沙特阿拉伯利雅得苏丹王子军事医疗城实施，用于门诊慢性病患者。方法:在成人门诊进行横断面研究。我们纳入了五个主要结果:自我报告的门户网站使用情况、参与者特征、患者激活水平、电子健康素养得分和家中互联网接入的可用性。我们使用描述性分析、单变量和多变量逻辑回归来分析数据。结果:共有403例患者(有效率81%)参与了我们的研究。超过50%的参与者是女性，年龄在55岁以下，受过教育，家庭月收入低于10,000 SR.大多数参与者报告至少有一种形式的互联网连接。共有212人(52.6%)是该门户网站的用户。大多数参与者(66%)的患者激活测量得分在3级或以下，276名参与者(69%)的电子健康素养得分处于中等至较高水平。男性使用门户网站的可能性更大(OR = 2.182, p = 0.00)，有两种或两种以上形式的互联网连接(OR = 5.586, p = 0.037)，以及中等至高水平的电子卫生素养(OR = 2.028, p = 0.003) (OR = 2.309, p = 0.022)。电子健康素养得分与患者激活水平呈正相关(R = 0.321, p = 0.000)。结论:患者门户网站的使用受性别、电子卫生知识水平和互联网可用性等因素的显著影响。通过专注于提高患者激活水平和电子卫生素养分数的方法，改善患者门户网站的使用存在巨大的机会。
{"title":"Factors affecting the use of patient portals among chronically ill patients in an outpatient hospital setting, kingdom of Saudi Arabia","authors":"J. Selan, Jwaher A. Almulhem, Ranyah Aldekhyyel, Jehad Saleh","doi":"10.33545/comed.2021.v4.i1a.186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/comed.2021.v4.i1a.186","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In the light of the major healthcare transformations taking place in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), more focus is placed on promoting patient engagement to improve the quality of healthcare services provided. There is limited research that explores the factors related to the use of patient portals in KSA, which support patient engagement. We aimed to investigate factors that contribute to the use of a specific patient portal system, implemented at Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, KSA among chronically ill patients in an outpatient setting. Method: A cross-sectional study was performed in the adult outpatient clinics. We included five main outcomes: self-reported portal use, participant characteristics, patient activation levels, e-Health literacy scores, and the availability of internet access at home. We used descriptive analyses, univariate and multivariate logistic regression to analyze the data. Results: A total of 403 patients (81% response rate) participated in our study. More than 50% of the participants were female, younger than 55 years, educated, with monthly family income less than 10, 000 SR. Most of the participants reported at least one form of internet connection. A total of 212 (52.6%) participants were users of the portal. Patient activation measure scores were at level 3 or below for the majority of participants (66%) and e-Health literacy scores were at a moderate to a high level for 276 (69%) of participants. Portal use was more likely among males (OR = 2.182, p = 0.00), with two or more forms of internet connections (OR = 5.586, p = 0.037), and with moderate to high levels of e-Health literacy (OR = 2.028, p = 0.003) (OR = 2.309, p = 0.022). There was a positive correlation between e-Health literacy scores and patient activation levels (R = 0.321, p = 0.000). Conclusion: Patient portal use was significantly influenced by certain factors, including gender, level of e-Health literacy and availability of internet. There is a tremendous opportunity to improve the use of patient portal by focusing on methods to increase the level of patient activation and e-Health literacy scores.","PeriodicalId":401938,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Community Medicine","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123871797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.33545/comed.2021.v4.i1a.179
Salman Dhaher Alenezi, Osama Samir Almansouri, Mustafa Kofi
Background: Most cardiovascular diseases (CVD) can be prevented by addressing their risk factors. The conventional clinical approach to primary prevention of cardiovascular disease relies on identification and treatment of individual risk factors. There are several guidelines that recommend CV risk assessment tools to support CV prevention strategies (ATP III, European guidelines that include Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation SCORE 2003, ACC/AHA cardiovascular disease risk 2013 based on Framingham risk score. This study aimed to assess knowledge, attitude and practice of family physician regarding global cardiovascular risk assessment, aiming to improve cardiovascular prevention services. Method: A cross-sectional study conducted among family physicians working in family medicine clinics of Prince Sultan Military Medical City (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) between November 2019 and June 2020. 188 physicians asked to fill a questionnaire that based on knowledge, attitude and practice questions regarding global CV risk assessment. Results: A total 188 physicians were included in this study. The majority (61.2%) of the physicians were between 25 and 30 years. ASCVD of AHA was the most frequent (75.5%) cardiovascular risk assessment tool used in practice. The majority of physicians often used the cardiovascular risk assessment tools regularly (62.8%). Less than half of physicians believed that assessment tools depend on investigations that patients can afford (46.8%). The majority (58.5%) of the physician had unsatisfactory self-assessment of own knowledge and skills. Unsatisfactory self-assessment of own knowledge and skills was significantly associated with lower knowledge and attitude (49.5% versus 68.1%, p=0.004). Satisfactory self-assessment of own knowledge and skills was significantly associated with higher knowledge and attitude (50.5% versus 29.7%, p=0.004). Conclusion: A high proportion of physicians reported using clinical guidelines for primary CVD prevention. However, laboratory investigations and time constrain were common reasons for not using global CV risk assessment tools. Unsatisfactory self-assessment of own knowledge and skills was significantly associated with lower knowledge and attitude of physicians.
{"title":"Knowledge, attitude and practice of family physician regarding global cardiovascular risk assessment in PSMMC primary health care centers in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","authors":"Salman Dhaher Alenezi, Osama Samir Almansouri, Mustafa Kofi","doi":"10.33545/comed.2021.v4.i1a.179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/comed.2021.v4.i1a.179","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Most cardiovascular diseases (CVD) can be prevented by addressing their risk factors. The conventional clinical approach to primary prevention of cardiovascular disease relies on identification and treatment of individual risk factors. There are several guidelines that recommend CV risk assessment tools to support CV prevention strategies (ATP III, European guidelines that include Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation SCORE 2003, ACC/AHA cardiovascular disease risk 2013 based on Framingham risk score. This study aimed to assess knowledge, attitude and practice of family physician regarding global cardiovascular risk assessment, aiming to improve cardiovascular prevention services. Method: A cross-sectional study conducted among family physicians working in family medicine clinics of Prince Sultan Military Medical City (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) between November 2019 and June 2020. 188 physicians asked to fill a questionnaire that based on knowledge, attitude and practice questions regarding global CV risk assessment. Results: A total 188 physicians were included in this study. The majority (61.2%) of the physicians were between 25 and 30 years. ASCVD of AHA was the most frequent (75.5%) cardiovascular risk assessment tool used in practice. The majority of physicians often used the cardiovascular risk assessment tools regularly (62.8%). Less than half of physicians believed that assessment tools depend on investigations that patients can afford (46.8%). The majority (58.5%) of the physician had unsatisfactory self-assessment of own knowledge and skills. Unsatisfactory self-assessment of own knowledge and skills was significantly associated with lower knowledge and attitude (49.5% versus 68.1%, p=0.004). Satisfactory self-assessment of own knowledge and skills was significantly associated with higher knowledge and attitude (50.5% versus 29.7%, p=0.004). Conclusion: A high proportion of physicians reported using clinical guidelines for primary CVD prevention. However, laboratory investigations and time constrain were common reasons for not using global CV risk assessment tools. Unsatisfactory self-assessment of own knowledge and skills was significantly associated with lower knowledge and attitude of physicians.","PeriodicalId":401938,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Community Medicine","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115026523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.33545/comed.2021.v4.i1a.183
Yazid Mohammed Alotaibi, M. Aldajani, Saad Al Battal
Background: Hypoglycemia is one of the most common acute complications of the treatment of type 1 diabetes. As children spent major part of their daytime at school, the role of school personnel in recognizing and managing diabetic emergencies such as hypoglycemia is very critical for children safety at school. Objective: To assess the level of knowledge about hypoglycemia and its management among teachers of boys’ primary schools in Riyadh. Additionally, evaluate the experience with hypoglycemia recognition and management among them. Methods: Observational cross-sectional study was conducted between January and December 2020 among primary school teachers. Approximately 20 teachers were conveniently recruited from each school. The schools were randomly selected to represent the five geographic regions of Riyadh. Administrative and other auxiliary school employees were excluded. The data were collected using a structured study questionnaire. This included data on socio-demographic characteristics of teachers, knowledge questions about hypoglycemia, previous experience with hypoglycemia, and related health education and training received. Results: A total 404 teachers were included in this analysis. All teachers were Saudi males and the majority (68.1%) of teachers were above the age of 30 years. The majority (64.4%) of teachers had more than 10 years of working experience. The mean knowledge score about hypoglycemia among the study teachers was 77.2%. The majority of teachers were aware that low blood sugar is dangerous (99.0%), need immediate care (99.8%), may be caused by increased dose of treatment (89.1%), and can lead to serious complications including death (77.2%). Only 21.0% of teachers were aware of the first aid measures for low blood sugar. More than half (54.2%) of the teachers have seen a colleague who suffered from low blood sugar. Only 22.6% the teachers who have seen a colleague who suffered from low blood sugar were able to help; by calling emergency (52.6%) or giving him candy (43.9%). Approximately 71% of the teachers have been provided with health education about low blood sugar. However, the majority (89.1%) of teachers believed they need training to deal with low blood sugar conditions. The preferred methods of such training included workshops (48.6%), lectures (36.7%), brochures (12.8%), and mobile messages (1.9%). There was significantly higher knowledge score among teachers who have been provided with health education about low blood sugar. There were no significant associations between knowledge score and socio-demographic characteristics of teachers. Conclusions: We are reporting fair knowledge about hypoglycemia but limited knowledge and skills to manage it among primary school teachers. There is urgent need for diabetes related educational programs targeting teachers working in primary schools to improve their knowledge and confidence in dealing with diabetic emergencies such as hypoglycemia.
{"title":"Knowledge about the symptoms of hypoglycemia and its risk among primary school teachers in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","authors":"Yazid Mohammed Alotaibi, M. Aldajani, Saad Al Battal","doi":"10.33545/comed.2021.v4.i1a.183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/comed.2021.v4.i1a.183","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hypoglycemia is one of the most common acute complications of the treatment of type 1 diabetes. As children spent major part of their daytime at school, the role of school personnel in recognizing and managing diabetic emergencies such as hypoglycemia is very critical for children safety at school. Objective: To assess the level of knowledge about hypoglycemia and its management among teachers of boys’ primary schools in Riyadh. Additionally, evaluate the experience with hypoglycemia recognition and management among them. Methods: Observational cross-sectional study was conducted between January and December 2020 among primary school teachers. Approximately 20 teachers were conveniently recruited from each school. The schools were randomly selected to represent the five geographic regions of Riyadh. Administrative and other auxiliary school employees were excluded. The data were collected using a structured study questionnaire. This included data on socio-demographic characteristics of teachers, knowledge questions about hypoglycemia, previous experience with hypoglycemia, and related health education and training received. Results: A total 404 teachers were included in this analysis. All teachers were Saudi males and the majority (68.1%) of teachers were above the age of 30 years. The majority (64.4%) of teachers had more than 10 years of working experience. The mean knowledge score about hypoglycemia among the study teachers was 77.2%. The majority of teachers were aware that low blood sugar is dangerous (99.0%), need immediate care (99.8%), may be caused by increased dose of treatment (89.1%), and can lead to serious complications including death (77.2%). Only 21.0% of teachers were aware of the first aid measures for low blood sugar. More than half (54.2%) of the teachers have seen a colleague who suffered from low blood sugar. Only 22.6% the teachers who have seen a colleague who suffered from low blood sugar were able to help; by calling emergency (52.6%) or giving him candy (43.9%). Approximately 71% of the teachers have been provided with health education about low blood sugar. However, the majority (89.1%) of teachers believed they need training to deal with low blood sugar conditions. The preferred methods of such training included workshops (48.6%), lectures (36.7%), brochures (12.8%), and mobile messages (1.9%). There was significantly higher knowledge score among teachers who have been provided with health education about low blood sugar. There were no significant associations between knowledge score and socio-demographic characteristics of teachers. Conclusions: We are reporting fair knowledge about hypoglycemia but limited knowledge and skills to manage it among primary school teachers. There is urgent need for diabetes related educational programs targeting teachers working in primary schools to improve their knowledge and confidence in dealing with diabetic emergencies such as hypoglycemia.","PeriodicalId":401938,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Community Medicine","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122833359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.33545/comed.2021.v4.i1a.181
Abdulrahman S Alhumaid, Ayla M Tourkmani, Mostafa Kofi
Background: Identification of population at risk of NAFLD necessitates knowledge about associated conditions, screening strategies, in addition to a time investment to perform an evaluation. Furthermore, knowledge about management strategies including self-management and appropriate referral is a key to reducing further morbidity and excess mortality. Objectives: To assess the knowledge, awareness of management strategies, attitudes, and perceptions regarding NAFLD, and the barriers to providing care for patients diagnosed with NAFLD. Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey among family physicians at Primary Health Center at Prince Sultan Medical Military City (PSMMC) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Data was collected through a self-administrated questionnaire that contains questions that measure the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice barriers, besides the demographic data. The questionnaire was taken from another study after taking the author's permission. Results: A total of 160 family physicians participated in the current study, 56.58%were males, and the qualifications were mostly (60.87%) SBFM. The overall mean (±SD) score of the knowledge level was 5.12, indicating a poor knowledge level. The total mean score differed significantly only by the number of years passing out faculty. More than half (53.9%) of the participants reported screening obese and diabetic patients for NAFLD, and 61.3% refer NAFLD patients to a gastroenterologist. Only 6.2% of the participated physicians know the NAFLD prevalence in Saudi Arabia, and less than one-quarter (23.6%) know who they should screen for NAFLD. Lack of patients compliance and lack of physician confidence were the main barriers to NAFLD management among the participated physicians, by 62.1%, and 43.5%, respectively. Conclusion: Overall, the knowledge level about NAFLD among the participated physicians is poor, which highlights the need for a better understanding of NAFLD and the best way forward would be continuous medical education of clinicians on this subject.
{"title":"Knowledge about non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among family physician in primary health center at prince sultan medical military city, 2020","authors":"Abdulrahman S Alhumaid, Ayla M Tourkmani, Mostafa Kofi","doi":"10.33545/comed.2021.v4.i1a.181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/comed.2021.v4.i1a.181","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Identification of population at risk of NAFLD necessitates knowledge about associated conditions, screening strategies, in addition to a time investment to perform an evaluation. Furthermore, knowledge about management strategies including self-management and appropriate referral is a key to reducing further morbidity and excess mortality. Objectives: To assess the knowledge, awareness of management strategies, attitudes, and perceptions regarding NAFLD, and the barriers to providing care for patients diagnosed with NAFLD. Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey among family physicians at Primary Health Center at Prince Sultan Medical Military City (PSMMC) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Data was collected through a self-administrated questionnaire that contains questions that measure the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice barriers, besides the demographic data. The questionnaire was taken from another study after taking the author's permission. Results: A total of 160 family physicians participated in the current study, 56.58%were males, and the qualifications were mostly (60.87%) SBFM. The overall mean (±SD) score of the knowledge level was 5.12, indicating a poor knowledge level. The total mean score differed significantly only by the number of years passing out faculty. More than half (53.9%) of the participants reported screening obese and diabetic patients for NAFLD, and 61.3% refer NAFLD patients to a gastroenterologist. Only 6.2% of the participated physicians know the NAFLD prevalence in Saudi Arabia, and less than one-quarter (23.6%) know who they should screen for NAFLD. Lack of patients compliance and lack of physician confidence were the main barriers to NAFLD management among the participated physicians, by 62.1%, and 43.5%, respectively. Conclusion: Overall, the knowledge level about NAFLD among the participated physicians is poor, which highlights the need for a better understanding of NAFLD and the best way forward would be continuous medical education of clinicians on this subject.","PeriodicalId":401938,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Community Medicine","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114704304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.33545/comed.2021.v4.i1a.177
P. Anupama, R. Aras, J. Parmar, A. Nirgude
In industrialized societies, blood pressure increases steadily during the first two decades of life. In children and adolescents, bold pressure is associated with growth and maturation. Blood pressure “tracks” over time in children and between adolescence and young adulthood. In the United States, average systolic blood pressure is higher for men than for women during early adulthood, although among older individuals the age related rate of rise is steeper for women. A pilot study was conducted with a sample size of 60 participants, taking twenty participants from each of the above mentioned villages. The prevalence of hypertension was found to be 9.2% in the pilot study. Based on the pilot study appropriate changes were made in the initial questionnaire and a final questionnaire was prepared and used for the study. In this study, 77.7% of participants with hypertension were in Stage 1 category in this study. It can be inferred that with increasing age there was a higher prevalence of Hypertension. There is a statistically significant association between Age and Blood Pressure status.
{"title":"A study on prevalence of hypertension in the rural adult population","authors":"P. Anupama, R. Aras, J. Parmar, A. Nirgude","doi":"10.33545/comed.2021.v4.i1a.177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/comed.2021.v4.i1a.177","url":null,"abstract":"In industrialized societies, blood pressure increases steadily during the first two decades of life. In children and adolescents, bold pressure is associated with growth and maturation. Blood pressure “tracks” over time in children and between adolescence and young adulthood. In the United States, average systolic blood pressure is higher for men than for women during early adulthood, although among older individuals the age related rate of rise is steeper for women. A pilot study was conducted with a sample size of 60 participants, taking twenty participants from each of the above mentioned villages. The prevalence of hypertension was found to be 9.2% in the pilot study. Based on the pilot study appropriate changes were made in the initial questionnaire and a final questionnaire was prepared and used for the study. In this study, 77.7% of participants with hypertension were in Stage 1 category in this study. It can be inferred that with increasing age there was a higher prevalence of Hypertension. There is a statistically significant association between Age and Blood Pressure status.","PeriodicalId":401938,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Community Medicine","volume":"254 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116415199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.33545/comed.2021.v4.i1a.185
A. Alqahtani, Norah Aljaseer, Mustafa Kofi
Background: Poisoning represents a major health problem among children. It is among the top leading causes of death and disability among children. Despite the critical role of parents in implementation of any preventive measures of poisoning, data assessing the awareness of parents about childhood poisoning are very limited. is good solution for bed occupancy in hospitals. Objective: To determine the prevalence and risk factors of childhood poisoning among families attending Alwazarat family medicine center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Additionally, to determine awareness of the parents about the causes and risk factors of childhood poisoning. Methods: Observational cross-sectional design has been conducted between October and December 2020 among parents attending Alwazarat healthcare center. The target was fathers and mothers with at least one child under 6 years. The data were collected using a self-completed questionnaire. It included data on socio-demographic characteristics of parents, information about the child who had poisoning, information about the child poisoning incident, and parents’ opinions about the causes and risk factors of child poisoning in general. Results: A total 236 parents were included in this analysis. The mean age was 36.0±8.1 years and 69.1% of the parents were fathers. Approximately 92.3% of the parents were married and only 7.7% were divorced or separated. A total 10 (4.2%) parents reported having one of their children had poisoning. Approximately 70% of the children who had poisoning required care at emergency department and 10% required hospitalization. None of the incidents was fatal. The poisoning incidents were caused by medications (40%), pesticide/insecticides (40%), and house-cleaning product (20%). Potential causes of poisoning included lack of child supervision in 50% of the incidents and lack of child-resistant cover of the storage container in 20%. The mean awareness score among parents was 69.6%. The highly acknowledged causes and risk factors of childhood poisoning included unsafe storage of household chemicals (97.4%), unsafe storage of medicines (96.2%), presence of poisons in the neighborhood/home garden (95.8%), and inadequate space in the house (90.7%). The least acknowledged causes and risk factors of childhood poisoning included lack of social support from community (29.8%), poor education of mother (30.6%), lack of family support (30.6%), poor behavior of mother (31.6%), and single-parent living status (33.9%). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, living in houses with larger number of rooms and smaller number of family members were significantly associated with higher awareness level. Conclusions: The prevalence of childhood poisoning was 4.2% among families seeking primary care services in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The finding indicate inadequate knowledge level of parents about childhood poisoning. There is urgent need for increasing public awareness on home safety measures to reduce the ri
{"title":"The risk factors and parent perceptions regarding childhood poisoning; A descriptive cross-sectional study","authors":"A. Alqahtani, Norah Aljaseer, Mustafa Kofi","doi":"10.33545/comed.2021.v4.i1a.185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/comed.2021.v4.i1a.185","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Poisoning represents a major health problem among children. It is among the top leading causes of death and disability among children. Despite the critical role of parents in implementation of any preventive measures of poisoning, data assessing the awareness of parents about childhood poisoning are very limited. is good solution for bed occupancy in hospitals. Objective: To determine the prevalence and risk factors of childhood poisoning among families attending Alwazarat family medicine center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Additionally, to determine awareness of the parents about the causes and risk factors of childhood poisoning. Methods: Observational cross-sectional design has been conducted between October and December 2020 among parents attending Alwazarat healthcare center. The target was fathers and mothers with at least one child under 6 years. The data were collected using a self-completed questionnaire. It included data on socio-demographic characteristics of parents, information about the child who had poisoning, information about the child poisoning incident, and parents’ opinions about the causes and risk factors of child poisoning in general. Results: A total 236 parents were included in this analysis. The mean age was 36.0±8.1 years and 69.1% of the parents were fathers. Approximately 92.3% of the parents were married and only 7.7% were divorced or separated. A total 10 (4.2%) parents reported having one of their children had poisoning. Approximately 70% of the children who had poisoning required care at emergency department and 10% required hospitalization. None of the incidents was fatal. The poisoning incidents were caused by medications (40%), pesticide/insecticides (40%), and house-cleaning product (20%). Potential causes of poisoning included lack of child supervision in 50% of the incidents and lack of child-resistant cover of the storage container in 20%. The mean awareness score among parents was 69.6%. The highly acknowledged causes and risk factors of childhood poisoning included unsafe storage of household chemicals (97.4%), unsafe storage of medicines (96.2%), presence of poisons in the neighborhood/home garden (95.8%), and inadequate space in the house (90.7%). The least acknowledged causes and risk factors of childhood poisoning included lack of social support from community (29.8%), poor education of mother (30.6%), lack of family support (30.6%), poor behavior of mother (31.6%), and single-parent living status (33.9%). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, living in houses with larger number of rooms and smaller number of family members were significantly associated with higher awareness level. Conclusions: The prevalence of childhood poisoning was 4.2% among families seeking primary care services in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The finding indicate inadequate knowledge level of parents about childhood poisoning. There is urgent need for increasing public awareness on home safety measures to reduce the ri","PeriodicalId":401938,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Community Medicine","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122642640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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