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The Transcendence of Trauma: Prospects for the Continental Philosophy of Religion 创伤的超越:欧陆宗教哲学的展望
Pub Date : 2018-08-07 DOI: 10.5422/fordham/9780823280261.003.0014
M. Rubenstein
This paper will serve as a response to the manuscripts in the volume with special attention to the consequences and prospects that its insights hold for the future of the continental philosophy of religion. Its specifics are to be determined.
本文将作为对该卷手稿的回应,特别关注其见解对大陆宗教哲学未来的影响和前景。具体细节有待确定。
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引用次数: 1
The Artful Politics of Trauma: Rancière’s Critique of Lyotard 创伤的艺术政治:朗西<e:1>特对利奥塔的批判
Pub Date : 2018-08-07 DOI: 10.5422/fordham/9780823280261.003.0007
T. Chanter
Just as Rancière challenges the absolute difference between politics and art, he resists the absolutization of the other that he sees as characteristic of the ethical turn in contemporary aesthetics. The tendency of Lyotard, however, remains turning alterity into the unrepresentable, the unassimilable, and the unthinkable. Its consequences are precisely what Rancière forebodes with the appropriation of the sublime: For all its talk of art witnessing that which is unrepresentable—and the holocaust as the unrepresentable per se—the ethical turn only manages to rejoin a discourse of purism. If everyone is traumatised, what specific meaning remains for trauma? This chapter explores the context of Rancière’s critique of Lyotard, particularly regarding the attenuation of any sense to trauma that accumulates a privileged status for its singular event; it subsequently interrogates the generalization of trauma to such an extent that one evacuates it of any significance.
正如ranci质疑政治与艺术之间的绝对差异一样,他也反对将他者绝对化,他认为这是当代美学伦理转向的特征。然而,利奥塔的倾向仍然是把另类变成不可表征的、不可同化的和不可想象的。它的后果正是ranci对崇高的占有所预示的:尽管它谈论艺术见证了不可代表的东西——以及大屠杀本身不可代表的东西——伦理转向只是设法重新加入纯粹主义的话语。如果每个人都受到创伤,那么创伤的具体含义是什么?本章探讨了ranci对利奥塔批判的背景,特别是关于对创伤的任何感觉的衰减,这种创伤为其单一事件积累了特权地位;它随后质问创伤的泛化到这样的程度,以至于人们将其排除在外。
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引用次数: 1
The Limits of Theory in Trauma and Transcendence 理论在创伤与超越中的局限
Pub Date : 2018-08-07 DOI: 10.5422/fordham/9780823280261.003.0001
Eric Boynton, Peter Capretto
This introduction describes the challenge of how to think trauma in light of the field's burgeoning interdisciplinarity, and often its theoretical splintering. The introduction offers an overview of scholarship on trauma that has always been challenged by the temporal, affective, and corporeal dimensions of trauma itself, yet it has recently been rendered all the more complex by theoretical and methodological issues that have emerged for these disciplines in their attempts to think trauma. From distinctive disciplinary vectors, the introduction introduces the work of philosophers, social theorists, philosophical psychologists and theologians that considers the limits and prospects of theory when thinking trauma and transcendence, particularly as it relates to Continental Philosophy of Religion.
这篇引言描述了如何根据该领域迅速发展的跨学科性以及通常的理论分裂来思考创伤的挑战。引言部分概述了创伤方面的学术研究,这些研究一直受到创伤本身的时间、情感和物质维度的挑战,但最近这些学科在试图思考创伤时出现的理论和方法问题使其变得更加复杂。从独特的学科向量,介绍了哲学家,社会理论家,哲学心理学家和神学家的工作,他们在思考创伤和超越时考虑了理论的局限性和前景,特别是因为它与大陆宗教哲学有关。
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引用次数: 0
Body-Wise: Re-Fleshing Christian Spiritual Practice in Trauma’s Wake 身体智慧:在创伤的觉醒中重新充实基督徒的精神实践
Pub Date : 2018-08-07 DOI: 10.5422/FORDHAM/9780823280261.003.0012
M. Shoop
Though Christian Theology profess a God who inhabits flesh, bodies have been historically and systematically ignored and reviled by many institutional expressions of this faith tradition. Even as many core Christian institutions resist the Incarnational symmetry between embodied practice and Christian theological professions, bodies explore and embrace healing modalities at the margins of Christian practice. Using the emerging wisdom of four particular healing explorations along the margins of Christian institutional life, this chapter explores the contours of Christian spiritual practices that fold out of trauma. By focusing on the institutional practices of Kevin Ladd with labyrinths, Shelley Rambo with the Warriors Journey Home project, Sr. Joanna Walsh with trusting touch, and my own Wandering Home Retreat for women, this chapter attends to these contours with an eye toward possibilities for institutional transformation around trauma.
虽然基督教神学承认一个住在肉体中的上帝,但在历史上,身体一直被这种信仰传统的许多制度表达所系统地忽视和辱骂。即使许多核心的基督教机构抵制体现实践和基督教神学专业之间的道成肉身对称,身体在基督教实践的边缘探索和接受治疗模式。本章利用基督教制度生活边缘的四个特殊治疗探索的新兴智慧,探索了从创伤中折叠出来的基督教精神实践的轮廓。通过关注凯文·拉德(Kevin Ladd)的迷宫制度实践、雪莱·兰博(Shelley Rambo)的勇士之旅回家项目、乔安娜·沃尔什(Joanna Walsh)的信任触摸以及我自己的女性流浪家庭静修所(Wandering Home Retreat)的制度实践,本章关注这些框架,并着眼于围绕创伤进行制度转型的可能性。
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引用次数: 1
Theopoetics of Trauma 《创伤神学
Pub Date : 2018-08-07 DOI: 10.5422/fordham/9780823280261.003.0011
S. Rambo
In “Theology and the Poetics of Testimony,” Rebecca Chopp forecasts the future of theology, suggesting that the rise of the new genre of testimony in contemporary culture requires significant shifts in modern theology--both in content and in form (Converging on Culture). First delivered as a lecture in 1997, this essay is both a forerunner in the area of trauma theology and in theopoetics. She predicts that trauma will become the context out of which theology is done, poetics will be its new form, and transcendence will be rewritten in the process. While many theologians recognize their work as situated within a “post-traumatic” context, poetics remains a more elusive challenge. This essay examines the connection between poetics and transcendence, in light of new trajectories of trauma studies and growing literatures in theopoetics.
在《神学与见证的诗学》一书中,Rebecca Chopp预测了神学的未来,认为当代文化中新见证流派的兴起要求现代神学在内容和形式上都发生重大转变(《文化汇聚》)。这篇文章于1997年首次作为讲座发表,既是创伤神学领域的先驱,也是神学领域的先驱。她预言,创伤将成为神学的背景,诗学将成为它的新形式,超越性将在这个过程中被重写。虽然许多神学家认识到他们的工作是在“创伤后”的背景下进行的,但诗学仍然是一个更难以捉摸的挑战。本文结合创伤研究的新轨迹和神学文献的发展,探讨诗学与超越性的关系。
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引用次数: 1
The Psychic Economy and Fetishization of Traumatic Lived Experience 创伤性生活经验的精神经济与拜物教
Pub Date : 2018-08-07 DOI: 10.5422/FORDHAM/9780823280261.003.0010
Peter Capretto
Trauma theorists have thoroughly named the impossibility of adequately witnessing to the traumatic experience of others. Yet the demand of trauma researchers to study and advocate on behalf of survivors leaves them in a double bind, wherein lowering the ethical standards of their social relation appears not only tempting, but necessary. Through examinations of Freud’s psychoanalytic understanding of the psychic economy of trauma and Heidegger’s phenomenological critique of the concept of lived experience, this chapter argues that trauma theorists in philosophy and religion must be attentive to the fetishization of the traumatic lived experience of others, specifically as a libidinal symptom of our inevitable failure to satisfy the impossible demands of witnessing. This more quotidian attention to our psychic motivation supplements the transcendent task of conceptually understanding the psychic exteriority of others in trauma, thereby elevating the ethical standards the continental philosophy of religion sets for social research into trauma.
创伤理论家已经彻底指出了充分见证他人创伤经历的不可能性。然而,创伤研究人员代表幸存者进行研究和倡导的要求使他们陷入了两难境地,在这种情况下,降低他们社会关系的道德标准不仅是诱人的,而且是必要的。通过对弗洛伊德对创伤心理经济的精神分析理解和海德格尔对生活经验概念的现象学批判,本章认为,哲学和宗教中的创伤理论家必须注意对他人创伤生活经验的拜物教,特别是作为我们无法满足不可能的目击要求的不可避免的失败的力比多症状。这种对我们心理动机的日常关注补充了从概念上理解创伤中他人的心理外部性的超越任务,从而提升了欧陆宗教哲学为创伤社会研究设定的伦理标准。
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引用次数: 0
Black Embodied Wounds and the Traumatic Impact of the White Imaginary 黑人的肉体创伤和白人想象的创伤影响
Pub Date : 2018-08-07 DOI: 10.5422/FORDHAM/9780823280261.003.0008
G. Yancy
This chapter theorizes racialization as an interstitial process. In the context of white supremacy, white privilege, and white power, whiteness functions as the transcendental norm that obfuscates its own racialization and normative constitution vis-à-vis Blackness, thereby marking the Black body within the socio-political matrix as “dangerous,” “evil,” “suspicious,” and “disposable.” It analyzes racialization as a site of trauma, a wounding, and a felt terror of both symbolic and existential annihilation. The experience of trauma thus is the result of a violation and violence that attempts to reduce Black people to a state of pure facticity, the very absence of transcendence, where Black alterity is reduced to the white racist imago. This paper contextualizes the historical backdrop of anti-Black racism through the examples of Trayvon Martin, Eric Garner, Tamir Rice, and the author’s personal experience with racial hate speech. This demonstrates how the Black body has undergone a long and enduring history of racialized somatic trauma.
本章将种族化理论化为一个间隙过程。在白人至上、白人特权和白人权力的背景下,白人作为一种超越的规范,混淆了自己的种族化和对-à-vis黑人的规范构成,从而将社会政治矩阵中的黑人身体标记为“危险的”、“邪恶的”、“可疑的”和“可抛弃的”。它将种族化分析为一个创伤的场所,一个伤害,以及一种象征性和存在性毁灭的恐惧。因此,创伤的经历是一种侵犯和暴力的结果,这种侵犯和暴力试图将黑人降低到一种纯粹真实的状态,一种超越的缺失,在这种状态下,黑人的另类被降低到白人种族主义的形象。本文以马丁(Trayvon Martin)、加纳(Eric Garner)、赖斯(Tamir Rice)为例,结合作者个人的种族仇恨言论经历,对反黑人种族主义的历史背景进行了梳理。这证明了黑人身体是如何经历了漫长而持久的种族化躯体创伤历史的。
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引用次数: 0
Evil, Trauma, and the Building of Absences 邪恶、创伤和缺席的构建
Pub Date : 2018-08-07 DOI: 10.5422/FORDHAM/9780823280261.003.0005
Eric Boynton
A phenomenon with a lingering enigmatic quality, evil has, it seems, been “re-discovered” as a highly suggestive phenomenon today. Evil’s resurgence might be particularly relevant, highlighting lacunae in predominant tendencies of modern thought, specifically in recent attempts to commemorate historical trauma proliferating our genocidal age. This chapter examines the challenge of commemorating historical trauma and atrocity by considering the counter-monuments proposed and completed by the German installation artist, Horst Hoheisel. This study links Emmanuel Levinas’ work with Hoheisel’s constructions and trauma theory’s characterization of trauma as non-assimilable with recent philosophical considerations of evil and suffering in our genocidal age. In this light, Hoheisel’s attempt to bring to presence that which is essentially absent opens up an alternative approach to evil and trauma issuing from the perspective of absence and loss, thereby granting the failure of therapeutic techniques an ethical significance.
作为一种挥之不去的神秘现象,邪恶似乎在今天被“重新发现”为一种高度暗示性的现象。邪恶的死灰复燃可能是特别相关的,它突出了现代思想的主要趋势中的空白,特别是在最近试图纪念我们种族灭绝时代激增的历史创伤时。本章通过考虑德国装置艺术家霍斯特·霍海塞尔(Horst Hoheisel)提出并完成的反纪念碑,考察了纪念历史创伤和暴行的挑战。这项研究将伊曼纽尔·列维纳斯的作品与Hoheisel的构造和创伤理论的特征联系起来,创伤是不可同化的,与我们种族灭绝时代的邪恶和痛苦的最近哲学思考有关。从这个角度来看,Hoheisel试图将本质上不存在的东西带入存在,这为从缺失和损失的角度出发的邪恶和创伤开辟了另一种方法,从而赋予治疗技术的失败一种伦理意义。
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引用次数: 0
The Unsettling of Perception: Levinas and the Anarchic Trauma 感知的不安:列维纳斯和无政府主义的创伤
Pub Date : 2018-08-07 DOI: 10.5422/FORDHAM/9780823280261.003.0006
E. Severson
Levinas utilizes the term “trauma” to refer to the pre-original unsettling of the auto-identification of the ego, a project that takes center stage in his final masterwork, Otherwise than Being. This chapter begins with some deliberations concerning the use of the term “trauma” to refer to this unsettling, particularly in light of contemporary psychological and medical uses of that term. Building from Plato’s Allegory of the Cave and Heidegger’s work on unconcealment, it argues that whereas for Heidegger and Plato trauma occurs through unconcealment of sensation, for Levinas trauma occurs as an interruption of sensation’s appropriation into perception itself. The chapter focuses principally on the event itself, the encounter with the other, which at times he calls “inspiration” instead of trauma, and the way this event occurs in a time-before-time that initiates the very possibility of responsibility.
列维纳斯用“创伤”一词来指代自我自我自我认同的原始不安,这是他最后的杰作《存在之外》的中心内容。本章首先讨论如何使用“创伤”一词来指代这种令人不安的情况,特别是考虑到这个词在当代心理学和医学上的用法。从柏拉图的《洞穴寓言》和海德格尔关于揭露的著作出发,它认为,对于海德格尔和柏拉图来说,创伤是通过感觉的揭露而发生的,而对于列维纳斯来说,创伤是感觉对知觉本身的挪用的中断。这一章主要关注事件本身,与他人的相遇,有时他称之为“灵感”,而不是创伤,以及这个事件发生在时间之前的方式,这引发了责任的可能性。
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引用次数: 0
Perpetrator Trauma and Collective Guilt: My Lai 肇事者创伤和集体内疚:我的赖
Pub Date : 2018-08-07 DOI: 10.5422/FORDHAM/9780823280261.003.0009
R. Eyerman
Among other atrocities of the American war in Vietnam, the My Lai Massacre stands out as a clear illustration of the social pressure to individualize guilt and restrict any attempt to collectivize responsibility. With special attention to the traumatic character of this event, this chapter introduces and develops the notion of perpetrator trauma, which I define as a moral injury. I claim that perpetrator trauma occurs when individuals and collectives feel they have acted in ways contrary to deeply held moral beliefs. The essay contends that this encounter is rightly described as a trauma, in that it results from or in the shattering of identity, individual and/or collective. The mass murder of Vietnamese civilians at My Lai was cause for great public debate in the United States, wherein the idea of collective guilt and responsibility was central. I show way the attempt to responsibility was unsuccessful.
在美国越战的其他暴行中,美莱村大屠杀(My Lai Massacre)清楚地表明,社会压力要求将罪责个人化,并限制任何将责任集体化的尝试。本章特别关注这一事件的创伤性特征,介绍并发展了肇事者创伤的概念,我将其定义为一种道德伤害。我认为,当个人和集体感到他们的行为方式与根深蒂固的道德信仰背道而驰时,肇事者创伤就会发生。这篇文章认为,这种遭遇被正确地描述为一种创伤,因为它源于身份、个人和/或集体的破碎。美莱村对越南平民的大规模屠杀在美国引起了广泛的公众辩论,其中集体犯罪和责任的观念是核心。我表明试图承担责任是不成功的。
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引用次数: 1
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Trauma and Transcendence
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