This article serves both as survey of illuminated manuscripts of the Institutiones and an analysis of the links between the iconography of criminal law and the model of Judas hanged. This investigation is based on the study of all digitalised manuscripts of the Institutiones. The corpus is composed of manuscripts ranging from the fifth to fifteenth century, produced all over Europe. The study elucidates how illuminated manuscript boomed during the thirteenth century, with Bologna at its heart. The production continued growing until the fourteenth century, to eventually die down during the fifteenth century. The world of legal manuscript’s illumination was Bologna-centric, however, some competitors, namely France and Germany, offered a visual counterpoint to understand this great iconography. When developing iconographic cycles around criminal law, two approaches existed. The approach developed in Northern Italy incorporated the representation of either a decapitation or a presentation of a prisoner. These illuminators created a specific iconography to further a distinctive visual identity within the field of legal manuscripts, whereas the rest of Europe adopted uniformly the image of a hanged man. This form of depiction takes for its model the motif of Judas hanged, heavily linking criminality to religion.
{"title":"Hung up on Judas: A Case Study on the Pragmatic Usage of Religious Iconography in Legal Manuscripts of the Institutiones","authors":"Helena Lagreou","doi":"10.5209/eiko.83411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5209/eiko.83411","url":null,"abstract":"This article serves both as survey of illuminated manuscripts of the Institutiones and an analysis of the links between the iconography of criminal law and the model of Judas hanged. This investigation is based on the study of all digitalised manuscripts of the Institutiones. The corpus is composed of manuscripts ranging from the fifth to fifteenth century, produced all over Europe. The study elucidates how illuminated manuscript boomed during the thirteenth century, with Bologna at its heart. The production continued growing until the fourteenth century, to eventually die down during the fifteenth century. The world of legal manuscript’s illumination was Bologna-centric, however, some competitors, namely France and Germany, offered a visual counterpoint to understand this great iconography. When developing iconographic cycles around criminal law, two approaches existed. The approach developed in Northern Italy incorporated the representation of either a decapitation or a presentation of a prisoner. These illuminators created a specific iconography to further a distinctive visual identity within the field of legal manuscripts, whereas the rest of Europe adopted uniformly the image of a hanged man. This form of depiction takes for its model the motif of Judas hanged, heavily linking criminality to religion.","PeriodicalId":40541,"journal":{"name":"Eikon Imago","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74415530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
La peregrinación islámica (ḥaŷŷ) planteó desde sus inicios un problema para aquellos musulmanes que no podían viajar a La Meca. Al tratarse de un precepto religioso y, por tanto, de obligado cumplimiento, la jurisprudencia islámica buscó una alternativa legal para realizar la peregrinación por procuración. En consecuencia, a finales del s. XI surgieron los certificados de peregrinación, documentos legales que acreditaban el cumplimiento de este precepto a través de un delegado. El transcurso desigual de estos documentos en la cultura material de la peregrinación islámica hace especialmente interesante el análisis de aquellos producidos desde el s. XIX, cuando parecen resurgir en las colecciones modernas. Este artículo presenta uno de esos certificados, conservado en la British Library (ORB.50/11). Contiene diversas ilustraciones de los principales lugares sagrados del islam y un diseño similar a otros ejemplares diseminados en colecciones europeas. El estudio comparado de su iconografía nos permitirá analizar el proceso de estandarización de estos certificados y sus copias antes de que la imprenta desechara el formato de rollo.
{"title":"Una lectura iconográfica del ḥaŷŷ a través del certificado ORB.50/11 y otras copias impresas del s. XIX","authors":"Sergio Carro Martín","doi":"10.5209/eiko.79669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5209/eiko.79669","url":null,"abstract":"La peregrinación islámica (ḥaŷŷ) planteó desde sus inicios un problema para aquellos musulmanes que no podían viajar a La Meca. Al tratarse de un precepto religioso y, por tanto, de obligado cumplimiento, la jurisprudencia islámica buscó una alternativa legal para realizar la peregrinación por procuración. En consecuencia, a finales del s. XI surgieron los certificados de peregrinación, documentos legales que acreditaban el cumplimiento de este precepto a través de un delegado. El transcurso desigual de estos documentos en la cultura material de la peregrinación islámica hace especialmente interesante el análisis de aquellos producidos desde el s. XIX, cuando parecen resurgir en las colecciones modernas. Este artículo presenta uno de esos certificados, conservado en la British Library (ORB.50/11). Contiene diversas ilustraciones de los principales lugares sagrados del islam y un diseño similar a otros ejemplares diseminados en colecciones europeas. El estudio comparado de su iconografía nos permitirá analizar el proceso de estandarización de estos certificados y sus copias antes de que la imprenta desechara el formato de rollo.","PeriodicalId":40541,"journal":{"name":"Eikon Imago","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85922913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quintana Trias, Lluís. Arte y blasfemia. El caso Veronese. Barcelona: Fragmenta Editorial, 2019 [ISBN: 978-8417796150]","authors":"Lara Arribas Ramos","doi":"10.5209/eiko.82076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5209/eiko.82076","url":null,"abstract":"Reseña de Quintana Trias, Lluís. Arte y blasfemia. El caso Veronese. Barcelona: Fragmenta Editorial, 2019 [ISBN: 978-8417796150]","PeriodicalId":40541,"journal":{"name":"Eikon Imago","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73630420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Reseña de García Mahíques, Rafael, dir. Los Demonios II. Bestiario, Música endiablada y Exorcismo. Los tipos iconográficos de la tradición cristiana, vol. 6. Madrid: Encuentro, 2021 [ISBN: 978-84-1339-053-6]
{"title":"García Mahíques, Rafael, dir. Los Demonios II. Bestiario, Música endiablada y Exorcismo. Los tipos iconográficos de la tradición cristiana, vol. 6. Madrid: Encuentro, 2021 [ISBN: 978-84-1339-053-6]","authors":"Sara Arroyo Cuadra","doi":"10.5209/eiko.79307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5209/eiko.79307","url":null,"abstract":"Reseña de García Mahíques, Rafael, dir. Los Demonios II. Bestiario, Música endiablada y Exorcismo. Los tipos iconográficos de la tradición cristiana, vol. 6. Madrid: Encuentro, 2021 [ISBN: 978-84-1339-053-6]","PeriodicalId":40541,"journal":{"name":"Eikon Imago","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89044546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
El artículo examina las relaciones entre la doctrina jurídica sobre los vínculos de consanguinidad y afinidad y los debates sobre la validez de los matrimonios indígenas desde la perspectiva de sus diferentes representaciones visuales. Para ello, explora tanto los gráficos que se diseñaron en la literatura jurídica como aquellas representaciones arbóreas que se encuentran en expedientes y crónicas indígenas. Se presta especial atención también al impacto de las técnicas de impresión en el surgimiento de representaciones gráficas y sus implicaciones en el pensamiento jurídico-teológico. Finalmente, el artículo reflexiona sobre la metáfora vegetal y el uso de herramientas visuales en el derecho canónico, con vistas a entender las transformaciones que experimentaron los árboles de parentesco al ser traducidos, usados y reproducidos en nuevos contextos y materialidades.
{"title":"Árboles de parentesco: imagen y pensamiento jurídico-teológico en el Nuevo Mundo","authors":"Pilar Mejía Quiroga, Ana Isabel Soler","doi":"10.5209/eiko.82115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5209/eiko.82115","url":null,"abstract":"El artículo examina las relaciones entre la doctrina jurídica sobre los vínculos de consanguinidad y afinidad y los debates sobre la validez de los matrimonios indígenas desde la perspectiva de sus diferentes representaciones visuales. Para ello, explora tanto los gráficos que se diseñaron en la literatura jurídica como aquellas representaciones arbóreas que se encuentran en expedientes y crónicas indígenas. Se presta especial atención también al impacto de las técnicas de impresión en el surgimiento de representaciones gráficas y sus implicaciones en el pensamiento jurídico-teológico. Finalmente, el artículo reflexiona sobre la metáfora vegetal y el uso de herramientas visuales en el derecho canónico, con vistas a entender las transformaciones que experimentaron los árboles de parentesco al ser traducidos, usados y reproducidos en nuevos contextos y materialidades.","PeriodicalId":40541,"journal":{"name":"Eikon Imago","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86326227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Gerát, Ivan. Iconology of Charity. Medieval Legends of Saint Elizabeth in Central Europe. Leuven: Peeters, 2020 [ISBN: 978-9042941717]","authors":"María Montesinos Castañeda","doi":"10.5209/eiko.82165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5209/eiko.82165","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40541,"journal":{"name":"Eikon Imago","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91329617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study aims to present legal aspects of the medieval and premodern history of Rășinari, the greatest pastoral village in Mărginimea Sibiului (lying at the foot of the Southern Carpathians), whose inhabitants (mărgineni) were considered the richest Romanian transhumant shepherds. Based on methods pertaining to Cyrillic and Latin palaeography, ecdotics, and legal history, we analyse precious documents discovered in the Church Museum of Rășinari, contained in the 18th century Orthodox Bishops’ House: 1. the extract of a deed of donation made in 1383 by Voivode Radu Negru to the Saint Paraschiva Church in Rășinari; 2. the Book of village boundaries of 1488, describing a perambulation for the separation of boundaries between the Romanian village and the Saxon one of Cisnădie; 3. the manuscript volume Transmissionales in causa Possessionis Resinar contra Liberam Regiamque Civitatem Cibiniensem 1784 (1,318 pages), a veritable legal mirror reflecting juridical relations, procedures and lawsuits specific to South Transylvania under Habsburg suzerainty. The examination of the medieval Cyrillic-Romanian documents’ variants, late copies and even 18th century Latin translations highlights the conclusion regarding the special historical, linguistic and legal value of the treasures hidden in the Bishops’ House of Rășinari.
该研究旨在展示Rășinari中世纪和前现代历史的法律方面，该村庄是Sibiului(位于南喀尔巴阡山脉脚下)最大的田园村庄，其居民(m里吉尼)被认为是罗马尼亚最富有的牧民。基于西里尔语和拉丁语古文献学、经济学和法律史的相关方法，我们分析了在Rășinari教堂博物馆发现的珍贵文件，这些文件包含在18世纪的东正教主教之家:1。1383年，Voivode Radu Negru向圣帕拉斯奇瓦教堂(Rășinari)捐赠的契据摘录;2. 1488年的村庄边界书，描述了罗马尼亚村庄和撒克逊村庄之间边界分离的漫步;3.。1784年(1318页)的手稿卷，是反映哈布斯堡宗主权下南特兰西瓦尼亚特有的司法关系、程序和诉讼的真正法律镜子。对中世纪西里尔-罗马尼亚文件的变体、后期副本甚至18世纪拉丁语翻译的研究，突出了关于隐藏在Rășinari主教之家的宝藏的特殊历史、语言和法律价值的结论。
{"title":"The Bishops’ House in the Romanian Pastoral Village of Rășinari (Mărginimea Sibiului) and its Hidden Treasures: A Short Legal History of the Book of Village Boundaries and the Deed of Donation (1488, 1383) and Transmissionales in causa Possessionis Resinar contra Liberam Regiamque Civitatem Cibiniensem (1784)","authors":"Ela Cosma","doi":"10.5209/eiko.81756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5209/eiko.81756","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to present legal aspects of the medieval and premodern history of Rășinari, the greatest pastoral village in Mărginimea Sibiului (lying at the foot of the Southern Carpathians), whose inhabitants (mărgineni) were considered the richest Romanian transhumant shepherds. Based on methods pertaining to Cyrillic and Latin palaeography, ecdotics, and legal history, we analyse precious documents discovered in the Church Museum of Rășinari, contained in the 18th century Orthodox Bishops’ House: 1. the extract of a deed of donation made in 1383 by Voivode Radu Negru to the Saint Paraschiva Church in Rășinari; 2. the Book of village boundaries of 1488, describing a perambulation for the separation of boundaries between the Romanian village and the Saxon one of Cisnădie; 3. the manuscript volume Transmissionales in causa Possessionis Resinar contra Liberam Regiamque Civitatem Cibiniensem 1784 (1,318 pages), a veritable legal mirror reflecting juridical relations, procedures and lawsuits specific to South Transylvania under Habsburg suzerainty. The examination of the medieval Cyrillic-Romanian documents’ variants, late copies and even 18th century Latin translations highlights the conclusion regarding the special historical, linguistic and legal value of the treasures hidden in the Bishops’ House of Rășinari.","PeriodicalId":40541,"journal":{"name":"Eikon Imago","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135743520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Green, Susan L. Tree of Jesse Iconography in Northern Europe in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries. Nueva York: Routledge, 2019 [ISBN: 978-0367664732]","authors":"Antonia Martínez Ruipérez","doi":"10.5209/eiko.82927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5209/eiko.82927","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40541,"journal":{"name":"Eikon Imago","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89351425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
El conjunto de manuscritos de las Siete Partidas producidas en la Edad Media testimonia el impacto, importancia y relevancia de esta obra jurídica en Castilla y otros reinos peninsulares. Esa importancia propició el encargo de códices iluminados por parte de personajes destacados, con imágenes que ilustrasen las distintas leyes o conceptos jurídicos y que, al mismo tiempo, sirviesen como modo de ornato y dignificación de estos manuscritos. En el presente estudio el autor analiza la presencia de la iconografía religiosa en los códices de las Siete Partidas clasificando las temáticas iconográficas religiosas más notorias, así como posibles paralelos en otras obras jurídicas iluminadas bajomedievales.
{"title":"La iconografía religiosa en los manuscritos de las Siete Partidas","authors":"Jorge Prádanos Fernández","doi":"10.5209/eiko.81853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5209/eiko.81853","url":null,"abstract":"El conjunto de manuscritos de las Siete Partidas producidas en la Edad Media testimonia el impacto, importancia y relevancia de esta obra jurídica en Castilla y otros reinos peninsulares. Esa importancia propició el encargo de códices iluminados por parte de personajes destacados, con imágenes que ilustrasen las distintas leyes o conceptos jurídicos y que, al mismo tiempo, sirviesen como modo de ornato y dignificación de estos manuscritos. En el presente estudio el autor analiza la presencia de la iconografía religiosa en los códices de las Siete Partidas clasificando las temáticas iconográficas religiosas más notorias, así como posibles paralelos en otras obras jurídicas iluminadas bajomedievales.","PeriodicalId":40541,"journal":{"name":"Eikon Imago","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75242391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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