In 2019, Chilean society went through one of its greatest social and political crises in memory, revealing high levels of social and territorial inequality and fostering a process of profound institutional changes. A year later, deepening those gaps and slowing changes, the pandemic appeared as a pause in institutional redefinitions. As effects of both crises, today the country is experiencing an exponential increase in land seizures, prosecution and discrediting of the political system, changes in the traditional political axes, increase in populism and debates on the development model to be adopted, and, as a cross-cutting issue, profound questions to the traditional forms of social participation in a democratic system. It is precisely in this last aspect that the paradox offered by Chilean institutions in terms of social participation is noticed. With a robust and multi-channel design of participation spaces, the institutionality presents at the same time, high rates of disaffection in traditional systems but a sustained increase in social up-heaval and the effective incidence of activist groups. This essay contextualizes, from the perspective of governance, the new institutional challenges in terms of citizen partici-pation that the country must take on when drafting a new Political Constitution.
{"title":"La paradoja de los sistemas de participación ciudadana y el despertar de las insurgencias en Chile","authors":"Christian Quinteros Flores","doi":"10.29192/claeh.40.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29192/claeh.40.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"In 2019, Chilean society went through one of its greatest social and political crises in memory, revealing high levels of social and territorial inequality and fostering a process of profound institutional changes. A year later, deepening those gaps and slowing changes, the pandemic appeared as a pause in institutional redefinitions. As effects of both crises, today the country is experiencing an exponential increase in land seizures, prosecution and discrediting of the political system, changes in the traditional political axes, increase in populism and debates on the development model to be adopted, and, as a cross-cutting issue, profound questions to the traditional forms of social participation in a democratic system. It is precisely in this last aspect that the paradox offered by Chilean institutions in terms of social participation is noticed. With a robust and multi-channel design of participation spaces, the institutionality presents at the same time, high rates of disaffection in traditional systems but a sustained increase in social up-heaval and the effective incidence of activist groups. This essay contextualizes, from the perspective of governance, the new institutional challenges in terms of citizen partici-pation that the country must take on when drafting a new Political Constitution.","PeriodicalId":40608,"journal":{"name":"Cuadernos del CLAEH-Centro Latinoamericano de Economia Humana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45848253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article studies, from a semiotic-discursive perspective, the identity-building process of the Uruguayan political party Cabildo Abierto, founded to compete in the 2019 national elections. Given its semiotic approach, the article studies the party's identity proposal through the use made of certain pre-existing resources, discourses, and social imaginaries. From a constructivist premise, a theoretical framework is first presented, which will allow to study the discursive dimension of political activity. Particular attention is given to the constitution of the collectives which, as argued, are at the basis of the functioning of this discursive field. Subsequently, a set of materials presented by Cabildo Abierto and some of its representatives are analyzed, in order to study how this collective identity comes to life, from a collection of pre-existing discursive resources in the Uruguayan public sphere.
{"title":"Artiguismo, restauración y usos estratégicos del pasado. La construcción discursiva de la identidad colectiva asociada al partido Cabildo Abierto","authors":"Sebastián Moreno Barreneche","doi":"10.29192/claeh.40.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29192/claeh.40.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"This article studies, from a semiotic-discursive perspective, the identity-building process of the Uruguayan political party Cabildo Abierto, founded to compete in the 2019 national elections. Given its semiotic approach, the article studies the party's identity proposal through the use made of certain pre-existing resources, discourses, and social imaginaries. From a constructivist premise, a theoretical framework is first presented, which will allow to study the discursive dimension of political activity. Particular attention is given to the constitution of the collectives which, as argued, are at the basis of the functioning of this discursive field. Subsequently, a set of materials presented by Cabildo Abierto and some of its representatives are analyzed, in order to study how this collective identity comes to life, from a collection of pre-existing discursive resources in the Uruguayan public sphere.","PeriodicalId":40608,"journal":{"name":"Cuadernos del CLAEH-Centro Latinoamericano de Economia Humana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46714373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reseña: La cultura popular en problemas. Incursiones críticas en la esfera pública plebeya","authors":"Roberto Elissalde","doi":"10.29192/claeh.40.1.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29192/claeh.40.1.14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40608,"journal":{"name":"Cuadernos del CLAEH-Centro Latinoamericano de Economia Humana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44940792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In recent times, sustainable development in the management of natural and cultural heritage has been a topic of growing interest. Numerous documents highlight the important role of heritage in processes towards sustainability. However, the articulation between sustainability and heritage is relatively incipient as recent is this notion of development in the heritage agenda. This paper seeks to outline a set of legal-political sustainability indicators for the management of assets that have become part of Argentina’s heritage and that involved more than one jurisdiction along the process. Legal-political sustainability emphasizes the actors’ freedom, entailing the incorporation of diverse perspectives, the ability to express themselves and make decisions, in a context of strengthening democratic processes. Based on previous studies that selected and built indicators applicable to cultural and natural heritage and the review of two cases, four categories are defined. Each one includes indicators that can be evaluated from a qualitative-quantitative approach. The research provides a methodological instrument to assess the efficiency of heritage management, particularly when they involve more than one jurisdiction.
{"title":"Indicadores de sustentabilidad político-jurídica en la gestión de sitios patrimoniales interjurisdiccionales. Una aproximación metodológica","authors":"N. E. Levrand, L. Zulaica","doi":"10.29192/claeh.40.1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29192/claeh.40.1.12","url":null,"abstract":"In recent times, sustainable development in the management of natural and cultural heritage has been a topic of growing interest. Numerous documents highlight the important role of heritage in processes towards sustainability. However, the articulation between sustainability and heritage is relatively incipient as recent is this notion of development in the heritage agenda. This paper seeks to outline a set of legal-political sustainability indicators for the management of assets that have become part of Argentina’s heritage and that involved more than one jurisdiction along the process. Legal-political sustainability emphasizes the actors’ freedom, entailing the incorporation of diverse perspectives, the ability to express themselves and make decisions, in a context of strengthening democratic processes. Based on previous studies that selected and built indicators applicable to cultural and natural heritage and the review of two cases, four categories are defined. Each one includes indicators that can be evaluated from a qualitative-quantitative approach. The research provides a methodological instrument to assess the efficiency of heritage management, particularly when they involve more than one jurisdiction.","PeriodicalId":40608,"journal":{"name":"Cuadernos del CLAEH-Centro Latinoamericano de Economia Humana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45847087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article focuses on citizen participation intended to be implemented through the electronic portal of the government of Narino, called GANA. The aim is to know the progress of civil participation through electronic government portals considering four dimensions: information, interaction, inclusion and control. The paper examines the e-portal’s design in terms of civil participation and the expectations of designers, collaborators and users. Semi-structured interviews and focus groups were conducted to achieve that aim. The results reveal that the design corresponds in general to the informative dimension, except for some digital tools, such as Open Justice, where Law students offer virtual legal advice, and the GANA Municipales tool, which sometimes provides means of interaction, enabling popular vote for community projects.
{"title":"Participación ciudadana y gobierno electrónico. Realidades y perspectivas","authors":"Lucero Liliana Cabrera Benavides","doi":"10.29192/claeh.40.1.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29192/claeh.40.1.13","url":null,"abstract":"The article focuses on citizen participation intended to be implemented through the electronic portal of the government of Narino, called GANA. The aim is to know the progress of civil participation through electronic government portals considering four dimensions: information, interaction, inclusion and control. The paper examines the e-portal’s design in terms of civil participation and the expectations of designers, collaborators and users. Semi-structured interviews and focus groups were conducted to achieve that aim. The results reveal that the design corresponds in general to the informative dimension, except for some digital tools, such as Open Justice, where Law students offer virtual legal advice, and the GANA Municipales tool, which sometimes provides means of interaction, enabling popular vote for community projects.","PeriodicalId":40608,"journal":{"name":"Cuadernos del CLAEH-Centro Latinoamericano de Economia Humana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47901541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The way in which students are selected to access educational centers has a major impact on the outcome of education as a system. In Chile, during the second government of President Bachelet, a centralized system of non-discriminatory selection was implemented by law: the School Admission System (SAE), mandatory for all schools that receive public funds. The implementation of the SAE was gradual and has proved to be efficient, as it has been both operational and accepted by the
{"title":"El Sistema de Admisión Escolar, sistema de asignación centralizado en Chile","authors":"Andrés Palma Irarrázaval","doi":"10.29192/claeh.40.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29192/claeh.40.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"The way in which students are selected to access educational centers has a major impact on the outcome of education as a system. In Chile, during the second government of President Bachelet, a centralized system of non-discriminatory selection was implemented by law: the School Admission System (SAE), mandatory for all schools that receive public funds. The implementation of the SAE was gradual and has proved to be efficient, as it has been both operational and accepted by the","PeriodicalId":40608,"journal":{"name":"Cuadernos del CLAEH-Centro Latinoamericano de Economia Humana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47991478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article deals with systematizing a university intervention aimed at promoting collective mapping of knowledge and work experiences in Penitentiary Units in the central area of the province of Buenos Aires. The study, carried out within the framework of the Ori-ented Research Project «Access to rights and daily life in prison» (2019), makes an issue of university actions aimed at strengthening the full citizen education of people deprived of liberty.
{"title":"La universidad en la cárcel: expandir los sentidos del trabajo de las personas detenidas","authors":"Rosana E. Sosa","doi":"10.29192/claeh.40.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29192/claeh.40.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with systematizing a university intervention aimed at promoting collective mapping of knowledge and work experiences in Penitentiary Units in the central area of the province of Buenos Aires. The study, carried out within the framework of the Ori-ented Research Project «Access to rights and daily life in prison» (2019), makes an issue of university actions aimed at strengthening the full citizen education of people deprived of liberty.","PeriodicalId":40608,"journal":{"name":"Cuadernos del CLAEH-Centro Latinoamericano de Economia Humana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43351900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article aimed to analyze how the participation of the Spanish soccer team in the 1950 World Cup was used as a political instrument. To achieve this goal, a documentary research was carried out in Spanish pro-Franco newspapers and a Brazilian sports journal: the “Jornal dos Sports”. The Brazilian newspaper searched for news relating to the games played by the Spanish team during the 1950 World Cup. The conclusion is that football was used by the dictatorship led by Franco and that the participation of the Spanish national team in the Brazilian World Cup was skillfully used by the Franco leaders to enhance the image of Spain vis-a-vis the rest of the world.
本文旨在分析西班牙足球队参加1950年世界杯是如何被用作政治工具的。为了实现这一目标，在西班牙亲佛朗哥的报纸和巴西体育杂志《Jornal dos sports》上进行了文献研究。这家巴西报纸搜索了1950年世界杯期间西班牙队比赛的相关新闻。结论是，足球被佛朗哥独裁统治所利用，西班牙国家队参加巴西世界杯被佛朗哥领导人巧妙地利用，以提高西班牙相对于世界其他国家的形象。
{"title":"Aventura espanhola na Copa do Mundo de 1950: os usos políticos do futebol","authors":"Raphaël Benbouhou, M. M. E. Silva","doi":"10.29192/claeh.40.1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29192/claeh.40.1.9","url":null,"abstract":"This article aimed to analyze how the participation of the Spanish soccer team in the 1950 World Cup was used as a political instrument. To achieve this goal, a documentary research was carried out in Spanish pro-Franco newspapers and a Brazilian sports journal: the “Jornal dos Sports”. The Brazilian newspaper searched for news relating to the games played by the Spanish team during the 1950 World Cup. The conclusion is that football was used by the dictatorship led by Franco and that the participation of the Spanish national team in the Brazilian World Cup was skillfully used by the Franco leaders to enhance the image of Spain vis-a-vis the rest of the world.","PeriodicalId":40608,"journal":{"name":"Cuadernos del CLAEH-Centro Latinoamericano de Economia Humana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48027585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
El articulo presenta algunos aspectos de la primera En-cuesta Nacional de Danza (ENDA), realizada en Uruguay, en el marco del trabajo de construccion del Plan Nacional de Danza. El estudio, de caracter descriptivo y abordaje cuantitativo, se propuso dimensionar la comunidad de la danza en Uruguay para aproximarse a sus principales caracteristicas sociodemograficas, asi como a las percepciones de sus actores en torno a las condiciones laborales y de formacion. De igual modo, busco identificar sus potencialidades, dificultades, principales problemas y desafios, y, muy especialmente, aportar una linea de base contra la cual contrastar resultados de posteriores reediciones de la encuesta, a fin de profundizar el conocimiento de la evolucion del sector. Entre otros resultados, devuelve la imagen de un sector joven, altamente feminizado, con educacion terciaria y alto nivel de certificacion de sus estudios, mayoritariamente inserto en areas no vinculadas a la danza, con preocupantes niveles de precarizacion en las inserciones vinculadas a la danza y subutilizacion de los instrumentos de llamados, reconocimientos y apoyos concursables. Entre otros resultados, devuelve la imagen de un sector joven, altamente feminizado, educado a nivel a terciario, con alto nivel de certificacion de sus estudios, mayoritariamente inserto en areas no vinculadas a la danza, con preocupantes niveles de precarizacion en las inserciones vinculadas a la danza y subutilizacion de los instrumentos de llamados, reconocimientos y apoyos concursables.
{"title":"El sector danza en Uruguay. Un abordaje cuantitativo. Primera Encuesta Nacional de Danza (ENDA)","authors":"I. Martínez","doi":"10.29192/claeh.40.1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29192/claeh.40.1.11","url":null,"abstract":"El articulo presenta algunos aspectos de la primera En-cuesta Nacional de Danza (ENDA), realizada en Uruguay, en el marco del trabajo de construccion del Plan Nacional de Danza. El estudio, de caracter descriptivo y abordaje cuantitativo, se propuso dimensionar la comunidad de la danza en Uruguay para aproximarse a sus principales caracteristicas sociodemograficas, asi como a las percepciones de sus actores en torno a las condiciones laborales y de formacion. De igual modo, busco identificar sus potencialidades, dificultades, principales problemas y desafios, y, muy especialmente, aportar una linea de base contra la cual contrastar resultados de posteriores reediciones de la encuesta, a fin de profundizar el conocimiento de la evolucion del sector. Entre otros resultados, devuelve la imagen de un sector joven, altamente feminizado, con educacion terciaria y alto nivel de certificacion de sus estudios, mayoritariamente inserto en areas no vinculadas a la danza, con preocupantes niveles de precarizacion en las inserciones vinculadas a la danza y subutilizacion de los instrumentos de llamados, reconocimientos y apoyos concursables. Entre otros resultados, devuelve la imagen de un sector joven, altamente feminizado, educado a nivel a terciario, con alto nivel de certificacion de sus estudios, mayoritariamente inserto en areas no vinculadas a la danza, con preocupantes niveles de precarizacion en las inserciones vinculadas a la danza y subutilizacion de los instrumentos de llamados, reconocimientos y apoyos concursables.","PeriodicalId":40608,"journal":{"name":"Cuadernos del CLAEH-Centro Latinoamericano de Economia Humana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41898699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article investigates the changes processed in the film distribution and exhibition sector and proposes a historical periodization for the Uruguayan case. The first part of the article introduces the topic. Then, based on a bibliographic and documentary review, four major stages in the development of film distribution and exhibition in Uruguay are identified, covering more than a century time span (1895-2000). The article marks milestones and briefly describes each of the identified stages: primitive (1985-1920), industrial (1930-1955), divergent (1955-1980) and restructuring (1980-2000).
{"title":"Etapas de la distribución-exhibición cinematográfica en Uruguay (1895-2000)","authors":"Santiago González-Dambrauskas","doi":"10.29192/claeh.40.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29192/claeh.40.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"This article investigates the changes processed in the film distribution and exhibition sector and proposes a historical periodization for the Uruguayan case. The first part of the article introduces the topic. Then, based on a bibliographic and documentary review, four major stages in the development of film distribution and exhibition in Uruguay are identified, covering more than a century time span (1895-2000). The article marks milestones and briefly describes each of the identified stages: primitive (1985-1920), industrial (1930-1955), divergent (1955-1980) and restructuring (1980-2000).","PeriodicalId":40608,"journal":{"name":"Cuadernos del CLAEH-Centro Latinoamericano de Economia Humana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46385693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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