G. Ter-Akopov, E. A. Slatvinskaya, A. Kaysinova, S. F. Bayburin, O. V. Molyavchikova
The article presents the experience of introducing a new model of a medical organization that provides primary health care in the Federal State Budgetary Institution of the SKFNCC of the FMBA of Russia as part of the implementation of the federal project «Development of a system of primary health care.
{"title":"Experience in implementing a new model of a medical organization providing primary health care in The North Caucasus Federal Scientific and Clinical Center of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency","authors":"G. Ter-Akopov, E. A. Slatvinskaya, A. Kaysinova, S. F. Bayburin, O. V. Molyavchikova","doi":"10.33920/med-03-2312-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-03-2312-01","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the experience of introducing a new model of a medical organization that provides primary health care in the Federal State Budgetary Institution of the SKFNCC of the FMBA of Russia as part of the implementation of the federal project «Development of a system of primary health care.","PeriodicalId":406478,"journal":{"name":"Glavvrač (Chief Medical Officer)","volume":"100 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139163740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Every person, even not related to medicine, knows that the first day of winter all over the world is the official World AIDS Day. However, few people know that on this day representatives of another medical specialty celebrate their professional holiday. Surely each of us is familiar with the expression “all illnesses come from nerves”, and some have even applied it to themselves. And there is a fair amount of truth in this, since the nervous system, indeed, takes part in the control of almost all life processes. By regulating internal organs, the nervous system takes part in ensuring motor activity and sensitivity, digestion and hematopoiesis, the functioning of secretory glands and urination. The science of the physiological and pathological state of the organs of the nervous system is called neurology, and on December 1, all doctors, representatives of this specialty, celebrate their professional holiday - World Neurologist’s Day.
{"title":"December 1st — International Neurologist's Day","authors":"O. Rybachok","doi":"10.33920/med-03-2312-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-03-2312-04","url":null,"abstract":"Every person, even not related to medicine, knows that the first day of winter all over the world is the official World AIDS Day. However, few people know that on this day representatives of another medical specialty celebrate their professional holiday. Surely each of us is familiar with the expression “all illnesses come from nerves”, and some have even applied it to themselves. And there is a fair amount of truth in this, since the nervous system, indeed, takes part in the control of almost all life processes. By regulating internal organs, the nervous system takes part in ensuring motor activity and sensitivity, digestion and hematopoiesis, the functioning of secretory glands and urination. The science of the physiological and pathological state of the organs of the nervous system is called neurology, and on December 1, all doctors, representatives of this specialty, celebrate their professional holiday - World Neurologist’s Day.","PeriodicalId":406478,"journal":{"name":"Glavvrač (Chief Medical Officer)","volume":"53 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139164180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. O. Shnaider, A. P. Kondrakhin, M. L. Maksimov, А. А. Novikova
Diseases associated with blood clotting disorders are one of the most common problems of a modern person and, accordingly, of the attending physician. Since apixaban is the drug of choice for the treatment of thrombosis and prevention of strokes and embolism, the practitioner needs to be aware of the pharmacological properties and safety of apixaban in special groups of patients. This article provides updated information on the safety of apixaban in patients with kidney disease. We identified potentially relevant studies by searching the electronic databases MEDLINE, Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from January 2022 to November 2023 using the terms: apixaban, anticoagulants,thrombosis, stroke, embolism, kidney disease, chronic kidney disease, therapy, safety, efficacy,adverse effects, clinical trials. Then, according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, as well as by means of independent selection, all the authors of this article selected the sources meeting the criteria and compiled this review. Recent data show high safety of apixaban, supporting its use as a first-line treatment for thrombosis in patients with kidney diseases.
{"title":"Safety of rivaroxaban in elderly patients","authors":"K. O. Shnaider, A. P. Kondrakhin, M. L. Maksimov, А. А. Novikova","doi":"10.33920/med-03-2312-08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-03-2312-08","url":null,"abstract":"Diseases associated with blood clotting disorders are one of the most common problems of a modern person and, accordingly, of the attending physician. Since apixaban is the drug of choice for the treatment of thrombosis and prevention of strokes and embolism, the practitioner needs to be aware of the pharmacological properties and safety of apixaban in special groups of patients. This article provides updated information on the safety of apixaban in patients with kidney disease. We identified potentially relevant studies by searching the electronic databases MEDLINE, Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from January 2022 to November 2023 using the terms: apixaban, anticoagulants,thrombosis, stroke, embolism, kidney disease, chronic kidney disease, therapy, safety, efficacy,adverse effects, clinical trials. Then, according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, as well as by means of independent selection, all the authors of this article selected the sources meeting the criteria and compiled this review. Recent data show high safety of apixaban, supporting its use as a first-line treatment for thrombosis in patients with kidney diseases.","PeriodicalId":406478,"journal":{"name":"Glavvrač (Chief Medical Officer)","volume":"21 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139165288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The authors have conducted an exploratory study in the field of application of positron emission tomography in molecular imaging. The main areas of application of the method and its advantages and limitations are identified and described according to the literature data. Conclusions have been drawn regarding the informative value of the radiation diagnostic method that in one study allows assessing the stage of the disease and obtaining an image of the primary tumor and regional and distant metastases, including previously unforeseen ones, which often radically changes the patient’s management tactics.
{"title":"Application of positron emission tomography in molecular imaging","authors":"A.D. Trujillo-Yeremenko, S. P. Zavadsky","doi":"10.33920/med-03-2312-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-03-2312-05","url":null,"abstract":"The authors have conducted an exploratory study in the field of application of positron emission tomography in molecular imaging. The main areas of application of the method and its advantages and limitations are identified and described according to the literature data. Conclusions have been drawn regarding the informative value of the radiation diagnostic method that in one study allows assessing the stage of the disease and obtaining an image of the primary tumor and regional and distant metastases, including previously unforeseen ones, which often radically changes the patient’s management tactics.","PeriodicalId":406478,"journal":{"name":"Glavvrač (Chief Medical Officer)","volume":"158 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139165834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optical bioimaging technologies, including fluorescence microscopy, which have been actively developing in recent years, have made it possible to visualize many biological processes. One of the most important tools for studying cellular and tissue structures are fluorescent markers, which allow monitoring structures or processes in real time. The authors have conducted a review study of the described fluorescent proteins and their areas of application, and made conclusions about the prospects for their use.
{"title":"Fluorescent proteins in optical imaging","authors":"Ya. A. Peshkova, S. P. Zavadsky","doi":"10.33920/med-03-2312-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-03-2312-07","url":null,"abstract":"Optical bioimaging technologies, including fluorescence microscopy, which have been actively developing in recent years, have made it possible to visualize many biological processes. One of the most important tools for studying cellular and tissue structures are fluorescent markers, which allow monitoring structures or processes in real time. The authors have conducted a review study of the described fluorescent proteins and their areas of application, and made conclusions about the prospects for their use.","PeriodicalId":406478,"journal":{"name":"Glavvrač (Chief Medical Officer)","volume":"42 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139164873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The authors present the results of an analysis of the incidence rates of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the city of Nizhny Novgorod for 2018–2022, and identify the main changes for this period. The paper analyzes the data on the incidence and frequency of complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus with kidney damage, peripheral circulatory disorders, neurological complications, and multiple and unspecified complications, depending on the age and duration of the disease of patient
{"title":"The importance of dynamic assessment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications in patients of different age groups and clinical data monitoring","authors":"L. I. Fabrichnaya, E. M. Khudyakova","doi":"10.33920/med-03-2312-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-03-2312-10","url":null,"abstract":"The authors present the results of an analysis of the incidence rates of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the city of Nizhny Novgorod for 2018–2022, and identify the main changes for this period. The paper analyzes the data on the incidence and frequency of complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus with kidney damage, peripheral circulatory disorders, neurological complications, and multiple and unspecified complications, depending on the age and duration of the disease of patient","PeriodicalId":406478,"journal":{"name":"Glavvrač (Chief Medical Officer)","volume":"26 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139164696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. V. Nedogoda, A. Salasyuk, I. Barykina, V. Lutova, E. Popova
Aim. calculate the potential return on investment of a treatment program for obese patients. Materials and methods. Calculations were used to determine the levels of clinical outcomes of implementing obesity treatment programs at which the return on investment would be positive. The calculation model was developed on the basis of population data obtained from opsources, results of clinical trials, and average cost indicators for the Russian Federation. Since the data on the long-term effectiveness of obesity treatment programs are limited, the developed model uses a number of assumptions to calculate scenario estimates of the economic feasibility of implementing this scheme in the practical healthcare of the country. Results. The calculations show that the average cost of an annual course of obesity treatment (76.4 thousand rubles) in 2022 is economically justified from the point of view of the possibility of achieving a positive return on investment (positive return on investment can be achieved by the 5th year of follow-up of patients after effective treatment). As the frequency of long-term persistent drug-free remissions increases, the «economically justified» cost of an annual course of treatment may increase. Conclusion. The economic analysis performed has shown the potential of implementing a standardized obesity treatment program in terms of cost-effectiveness, which allows us to conclude that perfecting of a standardized obesity treatment program can be a cost-effective way of treating obesity.
{"title":"Calculation of the return on investment in the obesity treatment program","authors":"S. V. Nedogoda, A. Salasyuk, I. Barykina, V. Lutova, E. Popova","doi":"10.33920/med-03-2312-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-03-2312-02","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. calculate the potential return on investment of a treatment program for obese patients. Materials and methods. Calculations were used to determine the levels of clinical outcomes of implementing obesity treatment programs at which the return on investment would be positive. The calculation model was developed on the basis of population data obtained from opsources, results of clinical trials, and average cost indicators for the Russian Federation. Since the data on the long-term effectiveness of obesity treatment programs are limited, the developed model uses a number of assumptions to calculate scenario estimates of the economic feasibility of implementing this scheme in the practical healthcare of the country. Results. The calculations show that the average cost of an annual course of obesity treatment (76.4 thousand rubles) in 2022 is economically justified from the point of view of the possibility of achieving a positive return on investment (positive return on investment can be achieved by the 5th year of follow-up of patients after effective treatment). As the frequency of long-term persistent drug-free remissions increases, the «economically justified» cost of an annual course of treatment may increase. Conclusion. The economic analysis performed has shown the potential of implementing a standardized obesity treatment program in terms of cost-effectiveness, which allows us to conclude that perfecting of a standardized obesity treatment program can be a cost-effective way of treating obesity.","PeriodicalId":406478,"journal":{"name":"Glavvrač (Chief Medical Officer)","volume":"34 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139166117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Parkinson's disease is a chronic degenerative progressive disease associated primarily with the death of neurons in the substantia nigra and other brain structures. The main symptoms are hypokinesia, rigidity, rest tremor, postural instability, as well as other autonomic and mental disorders. The prevalence of Parkinson's disease is 0.15 %; this figure reaches 1 % for people over 60 years of age. Ten years after the onset of the disease, 65 % of patients become disabled. The average life expectancy of patients is 9 years. Diagnosis of Parkinson's disease is carried out mainly by clinical manifestations, which begin when more than half of the dopaminergic neurons are already damaged. Before that, various compensatory mechanisms are still working, but over time their action ceases to be sufficient. Therefore, a crucial area in medicine is the early diagnosis of Parkinson»s disease. This is possible using functional imaging methods such as PET, SPECT, CT, and MRS. These methods allow detecting even the slightest changes in the structure and functioning of the brain and assessing the integrity of neurons and dopaminergic pathways. The paper presents the possibility of using PET imaging to determine the degree of degeneration of brain structures in a mouse model of MPTP-induced parkinsonian syndrome.
{"title":"The possibilities of using PET on a mouse model of parkinsonism","authors":"E. V. Savinkova, S. Zavadskiy","doi":"10.33920/med-03-2312-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-03-2312-06","url":null,"abstract":"Parkinson's disease is a chronic degenerative progressive disease associated primarily with the death of neurons in the substantia nigra and other brain structures. The main symptoms are hypokinesia, rigidity, rest tremor, postural instability, as well as other autonomic and mental disorders. The prevalence of Parkinson's disease is 0.15 %; this figure reaches 1 % for people over 60 years of age. Ten years after the onset of the disease, 65 % of patients become disabled. The average life expectancy of patients is 9 years. Diagnosis of Parkinson's disease is carried out mainly by clinical manifestations, which begin when more than half of the dopaminergic neurons are already damaged. Before that, various compensatory mechanisms are still working, but over time their action ceases to be sufficient. Therefore, a crucial area in medicine is the early diagnosis of Parkinson»s disease. This is possible using functional imaging methods such as PET, SPECT, CT, and MRS. These methods allow detecting even the slightest changes in the structure and functioning of the brain and assessing the integrity of neurons and dopaminergic pathways. The paper presents the possibility of using PET imaging to determine the degree of degeneration of brain structures in a mouse model of MPTP-induced parkinsonian syndrome.","PeriodicalId":406478,"journal":{"name":"Glavvrač (Chief Medical Officer)","volume":"32 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139166014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
HIV infection is one of the most dangerous and widespread infectious diseases in the world. According to the latest update from the Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS, as of 2021, the number of people living with HIV infection was 38.4 million, and the number of new infections reached 1.5 million. [1] In Russia, according to Rosstat, the incidence of HIV infection increased by more than 20 % in January 2023, compared to January 2022. This means that the problem of HIV infection is still relevant, and additional efforts are required to combat this disease. Due to the development of medicine and pharmacology, new prospects have now emerged in the treatment of HIV infections. This paper examines the results of clinical trials of drugs that open up new opportunities in the fight against HIV infection. The authors set out to examine the latest advances in the treatment of HIV infection based on the results of clinical drug trials over the past 5 years.
{"title":"New prospects in the treatment of HIV infection: results of clinical trials of drugs","authors":"S. R. Abdullaeva, S. Zavadskiy","doi":"10.33920/med-03-2312-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-03-2312-11","url":null,"abstract":"HIV infection is one of the most dangerous and widespread infectious diseases in the world. According to the latest update from the Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS, as of 2021, the number of people living with HIV infection was 38.4 million, and the number of new infections reached 1.5 million. [1] In Russia, according to Rosstat, the incidence of HIV infection increased by more than 20 % in January 2023, compared to January 2022. This means that the problem of HIV infection is still relevant, and additional efforts are required to combat this disease. Due to the development of medicine and pharmacology, new prospects have now emerged in the treatment of HIV infections. This paper examines the results of clinical trials of drugs that open up new opportunities in the fight against HIV infection. The authors set out to examine the latest advances in the treatment of HIV infection based on the results of clinical drug trials over the past 5 years.","PeriodicalId":406478,"journal":{"name":"Glavvrač (Chief Medical Officer)","volume":"73 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139164290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The authors conducted an exploratory study of the coverage of the problem of the availability of self-help applications for patients with anxiety-depressive disorder. The analysis of applications available in electronic digital form has revealed a large number of developments that provide diagnostic procedures and meditative practices of various kinds. The studied applications do not have such functionality as entry diagnostic testing, which helps track the dynamics of anxiety and depression in the user. The considered applications offer assistance in mastering meditative and breathing techniques without taking into account the state in which the user is before, during, and after the use of meditative techniques. In addition, a significant disadvantage of these developments is the lack of a Russian interface for the applications. The authors note the interest of users in such applications and the feasibility of working for their improvement.
{"title":"Development of an application for self-help for patients with anxiety and depressive disorder","authors":"A. E. Koshkina, O. L. Lebed, G. B. Nemkovskiy","doi":"10.33920/med-03-2312-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-03-2312-03","url":null,"abstract":"The authors conducted an exploratory study of the coverage of the problem of the availability of self-help applications for patients with anxiety-depressive disorder. The analysis of applications available in electronic digital form has revealed a large number of developments that provide diagnostic procedures and meditative practices of various kinds. The studied applications do not have such functionality as entry diagnostic testing, which helps track the dynamics of anxiety and depression in the user. The considered applications offer assistance in mastering meditative and breathing techniques without taking into account the state in which the user is before, during, and after the use of meditative techniques. In addition, a significant disadvantage of these developments is the lack of a Russian interface for the applications. The authors note the interest of users in such applications and the feasibility of working for their improvement.","PeriodicalId":406478,"journal":{"name":"Glavvrač (Chief Medical Officer)","volume":"78 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139163713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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