Pub Date : 2020-05-03DOI: 10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.1.pt3
Vinod Kumar Jeengar, R. Verma
Background: Inguinal hernia is the most common diversity accounting for roughly 75% of all hernia. The etiology of an inguinal hernia is clearly not understood. The technique of hernia repair is usually based on custom rather than evidence.4 According to data there is a good observation that open mesh repair is better than suture repair in terms of recurrences. The aim of this study to evaluated the effectiveness of prolene mesh rapair in incisional hernia.Subjects and Methods:A prospective hospital based study done on 30 cases in department of general surgery at RVRS medical college & associated group of hospitals, Bhilwara, Rajasthan. We randomly assigned 30 patients to suture repair or mesh repair of an incisional hernia. The patients were followed up by local physical examination at 1 month & 3 months were done as per standard protocol. Factors related to the operation including the surgical technique, presence or absence of seroma, hematoma, infection, dehiscence were recorded. Follow-up of cases was done at 1 month & 3 months after surgery on an outpatient basis for recurrence of hernia.Results:Our study showed that the majority of cases (43.33%) were seen in 40-49 years of age group. Small (0-5cm) gap size 90% cases and 10% cases have medium gap size in our study. Pain present in 26.66% patients in group A and 20% in group B at 1 month. The recurrence of hernia was present in 28% cases in group A and 4% in group B. It was statistically significant (P=0.0488*) at 3 months and the mostly were well built and have 27.27% wound infection present in these type of patients. Mostly infection occurred in obese patients (40%).Conclusion: We concluded that restoration with polypropylene mesh is superior to suture repair group with concern to the recurrence of hernia.
{"title":"A Prospective Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Prolene Mesh Repair in Incisional Hernia: A Hospital Based Study","authors":"Vinod Kumar Jeengar, R. Verma","doi":"10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.1.pt3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.1.pt3","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Inguinal hernia is the most common diversity accounting for roughly 75% of all hernia. The etiology of an inguinal hernia is clearly not understood. The technique of hernia repair is usually based on custom rather than evidence.4 According to data there is a good observation that open mesh repair is better than suture repair in terms of recurrences. The aim of this study to evaluated the effectiveness of prolene mesh rapair in incisional hernia.Subjects and Methods:A prospective hospital based study done on 30 cases in department of general surgery at RVRS medical college & associated group of hospitals, Bhilwara, Rajasthan. We randomly assigned 30 patients to suture repair or mesh repair of an incisional hernia. The patients were followed up by local physical examination at 1 month & 3 months were done as per standard protocol. Factors related to the operation including the surgical technique, presence or absence of seroma, hematoma, infection, dehiscence were recorded. Follow-up of cases was done at 1 month & 3 months after surgery on an outpatient basis for recurrence of hernia.Results:Our study showed that the majority of cases (43.33%) were seen in 40-49 years of age group. Small (0-5cm) gap size 90% cases and 10% cases have medium gap size in our study. Pain present in 26.66% patients in group A and 20% in group B at 1 month. The recurrence of hernia was present in 28% cases in group A and 4% in group B. It was statistically significant (P=0.0488*) at 3 months and the mostly were well built and have 27.27% wound infection present in these type of patients. Mostly infection occurred in obese patients (40%).Conclusion: We concluded that restoration with polypropylene mesh is superior to suture repair group with concern to the recurrence of hernia.","PeriodicalId":407051,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116292682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-03DOI: 10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.1.pm4
Vipin Deo Tiwari, Mazher Maqusood, G. Ramakrishna, R. Rastogi
Background: Compare the diagnostic sensitivity of ZN staining and CBNAAT using Mycobacterium Culture as a gold standard in BAL fluid among sputum smear negative or non- sputum producing patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis.Subjects and Methods:Our prospective observational study was conducted on 76 patients either attending Outpatient Department or being admitted in the department of Pulmonary Medicine, Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College & Research Centre, Moradabad (UP). BAL sample obtained using a flexible fibre-optic bronchoscope from sputum smear negative or non- sputum producing patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis. Sample was divided into three parts and send the BAL fluid for CBNAAT, ZN staining, and Mycobacterium liquid culture and compare the diagnostic sensitivity of ZN staining and CBNAAT using Mycobacterium Culture as a gold standard in BAL fluid.Results: Our study was carried out on 76 patients, ZN staining detected positive and negative in BAL samples among 17.1% and 82.9% respectively. CBNAAT detected positive and negative in BAL samples among 68.72% and 31.6% respectively. Among the positive detected specimens, rifampicin resistance and sensitive were found among 4 (5.56%) and 48 (63.16%) specimens respectively.MTB detected positive and negative in BAL samples among 51.3% and 48.7% of the subjects respectively. The gold standard BAL-MTB liquid culture was used to test the efficacy of ZN staining to detect the BAL specimen. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and Accuracy of ZN in the detection of BAL specimen were 23.08%, 89.19%, 69.23%, 52.38%, and 55.26% respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and Accuracy of CBNAAT in detection of BAL specimen were 92.31%, 66.76%, 79.23%, 87.50% and 75% respectively.Conclusion: Gene Xpert MTB/RIF assay is efficient and reliable technique for the smear negative cases. Its simplicity, sensitivity, speed and automation, make this technique a very attractive tool for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in smear negative cases of TB suspects. Meanwhile it has an added advantage of detection of multi-drug resistant cases.
{"title":"To Compare the Diagnostic Sensitivity of ZN (Ziehl-Neelsen) Staining, CBNAAT (Cartridge Based Nucleic Acid Amplification Test) and Mycobacterium Culture of BAL (Bronchoalveolar Lavage) Fluid among Sputum Smear Negative or Non- Sputum Producing Patients wi","authors":"Vipin Deo Tiwari, Mazher Maqusood, G. Ramakrishna, R. Rastogi","doi":"10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.1.pm4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.1.pm4","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Compare the diagnostic sensitivity of ZN staining and CBNAAT using Mycobacterium Culture as a gold standard in BAL fluid among sputum smear negative or non- sputum producing patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis.Subjects and Methods:Our prospective observational study was conducted on 76 patients either attending Outpatient Department or being admitted in the department of Pulmonary Medicine, Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College & Research Centre, Moradabad (UP). BAL sample obtained using a flexible fibre-optic bronchoscope from sputum smear negative or non- sputum producing patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis. Sample was divided into three parts and send the BAL fluid for CBNAAT, ZN staining, and Mycobacterium liquid culture and compare the diagnostic sensitivity of ZN staining and CBNAAT using Mycobacterium Culture as a gold standard in BAL fluid.Results: Our study was carried out on 76 patients, ZN staining detected positive and negative in BAL samples among 17.1% and 82.9% respectively. CBNAAT detected positive and negative in BAL samples among 68.72% and 31.6% respectively. Among the positive detected specimens, rifampicin resistance and sensitive were found among 4 (5.56%) and 48 (63.16%) specimens respectively.MTB detected positive and negative in BAL samples among 51.3% and 48.7% of the subjects respectively. The gold standard BAL-MTB liquid culture was used to test the efficacy of ZN staining to detect the BAL specimen. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and Accuracy of ZN in the detection of BAL specimen were 23.08%, 89.19%, 69.23%, 52.38%, and 55.26% respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and Accuracy of CBNAAT in detection of BAL specimen were 92.31%, 66.76%, 79.23%, 87.50% and 75% respectively.Conclusion: Gene Xpert MTB/RIF assay is efficient and reliable technique for the smear negative cases. Its simplicity, sensitivity, speed and automation, make this technique a very attractive tool for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in smear negative cases of TB suspects. Meanwhile it has an added advantage of detection of multi-drug resistant cases.","PeriodicalId":407051,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121917432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-29DOI: 10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.1.rd1
V. Mittal, R. Rastogi, Vijai Pratap, S. Pathak, V. Singh, Y. Gupta, Adil A. Khan, S. Goel
Background: Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) is a new noninvasive dimension of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that provides insight into the white matter microstructure. In epilepsy, widespread DTI abnormalities have been reported in multiple studies in medical literature. In mesial temporal lobe sclerosis (MTLS) patients, conventional MRI may show enlargement of ipsilateral temporal horn & reduction in volume of hippocampus in later stages of disease. However, DTI has been found to be useful in demonstrating the focus of epileptiform activity in brain especially in white matter very early in disease. Since DTI is a sensitive technique to detect subtle structural abnormalities causing epilepsy, hence it can be used to plan more successful epilepsy surgery. Therefore, we conducted a pilot study on twenty patients with seizure disorder using DTI where focal organic brain lesions were ruled-out. Aim: To assess the role of DTI in patients of MLTS with seizures.Subjects and Methods:Twenty patients with seizure disorder secondary to MLTS were evaluated using conventional MRI and DTI. We compared the final diagnosis achieved by clinical parameters correlated with EEG localization.Results:Ten out of twenty patients revealed abnormality on DTI that correlated with EEG correlation without obvious abnormality on conventional MRI representing a significant impact of DTI.Conclusion: DTI can sensitively detect structural changes in MLTS with epilepsy often undetectable on conventional MRI. Hence, DTI can serve as an important radiological tool guiding in management and presurgical evaluation of epilepsy patients considered as idiopathic or and refractory medication.
{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of Conventional and Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Sequences in Mesial Temporal Lobe Sclerosis Patients with Seizure","authors":"V. Mittal, R. Rastogi, Vijai Pratap, S. Pathak, V. Singh, Y. Gupta, Adil A. Khan, S. Goel","doi":"10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.1.rd1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.1.rd1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) is a new noninvasive dimension of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that provides insight into the white matter microstructure. In epilepsy, widespread DTI abnormalities have been reported in multiple studies in medical literature. In mesial temporal lobe sclerosis (MTLS) patients, conventional MRI may show enlargement of ipsilateral temporal horn & reduction in volume of hippocampus in later stages of disease. However, DTI has been found to be useful in demonstrating the focus of epileptiform activity in brain especially in white matter very early in disease. Since DTI is a sensitive technique to detect subtle structural abnormalities causing epilepsy, hence it can be used to plan more successful epilepsy surgery. Therefore, we conducted a pilot study on twenty patients with seizure disorder using DTI where focal organic brain lesions were ruled-out. Aim: To assess the role of DTI in patients of MLTS with seizures.Subjects and Methods:Twenty patients with seizure disorder secondary to MLTS were evaluated using conventional MRI and DTI. We compared the final diagnosis achieved by clinical parameters correlated with EEG localization.Results:Ten out of twenty patients revealed abnormality on DTI that correlated with EEG correlation without obvious abnormality on conventional MRI representing a significant impact of DTI.Conclusion: DTI can sensitively detect structural changes in MLTS with epilepsy often undetectable on conventional MRI. Hence, DTI can serve as an important radiological tool guiding in management and presurgical evaluation of epilepsy patients considered as idiopathic or and refractory medication.","PeriodicalId":407051,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130981113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-29DOI: 10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.1.sg1
Ajeet Kumar, B. Kumar, Sunil Kumar
Background: Surgical site infections (SSI) are an important post-operative complication. Knowledge about its risk factors is essential. The present study was conducted to find the profile of surgical site infection among patients admitted in surgical ward of SKMCH, Muzaffarpur.Subjects and Methods:The present cross-sectional study included 322 patients undergoing surgery. Clinical details, onset of SSI and microbiological profile were noted.Results:Mean age of the cases was 43.7 years. 61.2% of these were males. 11.8% of the cases suffered from surgical site infection. Of the emergency surgeries, 20.2% had SSI while 8.1% elective surgery cases had SSI. 36.1% of the cases with dirty wound had SSI while only 5.2% of the cases with clean wound had such infection. S. aureus was the most common organism isolated (57.9%) followed by Pseudomonas (39.5%) and Klebsiella (23.7%).Conclusion: Incidence of SSI is higher in cases of emergency surgery and in dirty wounds.
{"title":"A Prospective Study of Surgical Site Infections in a Medical College Hospital","authors":"Ajeet Kumar, B. Kumar, Sunil Kumar","doi":"10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.1.sg1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.1.sg1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Surgical site infections (SSI) are an important post-operative complication. Knowledge about its risk factors is essential. The present study was conducted to find the profile of surgical site infection among patients admitted in surgical ward of SKMCH, Muzaffarpur.Subjects and Methods:The present cross-sectional study included 322 patients undergoing surgery. Clinical details, onset of SSI and microbiological profile were noted.Results:Mean age of the cases was 43.7 years. 61.2% of these were males. 11.8% of the cases suffered from surgical site infection. Of the emergency surgeries, 20.2% had SSI while 8.1% elective surgery cases had SSI. 36.1% of the cases with dirty wound had SSI while only 5.2% of the cases with clean wound had such infection. S. aureus was the most common organism isolated (57.9%) followed by Pseudomonas (39.5%) and Klebsiella (23.7%).Conclusion: Incidence of SSI is higher in cases of emergency surgery and in dirty wounds.","PeriodicalId":407051,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"165 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123288023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-29DOI: 10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.1.ro1
Kamal Bandhate, A. Diwan, Subeera Khan
Melanomas affecting the small bowel are usually metastasis from primary cutaneous lesions. A primary melanoma of the gastrointestinal tract is very rare with reported incidence of just 3%. We present a case of small bowel melanoma with liver metastases. Primary malignant melanoma of the small intestine is quite rare with only a few cases reported in literature. Like its cutaneous counterpart, intestinal melanomas too remains an aggressive disease with a poor prognosis. The overall survival of malignant melanoma affecting the GI tract is 4 to 6 months with a survival rate of less than 10% at 5 years.
{"title":"Malignant Melanoma of Small Bowel: A Rare Case","authors":"Kamal Bandhate, A. Diwan, Subeera Khan","doi":"10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.1.ro1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.1.ro1","url":null,"abstract":"Melanomas affecting the small bowel are usually metastasis from primary cutaneous lesions. A primary melanoma of the gastrointestinal tract is very rare with reported incidence of just 3%. We present a case of small bowel melanoma with liver metastases. Primary malignant melanoma of the small intestine is quite rare with only a few cases reported in literature. Like its cutaneous counterpart, intestinal melanomas too remains an aggressive disease with a poor prognosis. The overall survival of malignant melanoma affecting the GI tract is 4 to 6 months with a survival rate of less than 10% at 5 years.","PeriodicalId":407051,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125899890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Glaucoma is the second most common cause of blindness worldwide. It is one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness in the adult population worldwide.Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy. The present study was conducted to assess prevalence of primary open angle glaucoma in patients with hypertension.Subjects and Methods:This cross- sectional study was conducted in outpatient department of SreeNarayana Institute of Medical Sciences. A total of 100 patients with hypertension were included in the study. Prevalence of primary open angle glaucoma in patients with HTN was recorded.Results:Out of 100,59 were males and 41 were females. Among the 100 hypertensive patients, 5% of patients had POAG. Among POAG, 3 were males and 2 were females. The percentage of patients with IOP between 8-21 was 95%, I0P >21 was 5% in right eye. The percentage of patients with IOP in between 8-21 was 95%, IOP >21 was 5% in left eye.Conclusion:High myopia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus has been associated with POAG, however, direct and convincing evidences are still lacking.
{"title":"Prevalence of Primary Open Angle Glaucoma in Patients with Hypertension","authors":"Archana Pushpakaran, Sedhu P.A, Ashwati Sankar, Cyriac Kurien","doi":"10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.1.ot3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.1.ot3","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Glaucoma is the second most common cause of blindness worldwide. It is one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness in the adult population worldwide.Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy. The present study was conducted to assess prevalence of primary open angle glaucoma in patients with hypertension.Subjects and Methods:This cross- sectional study was conducted in outpatient department of SreeNarayana Institute of Medical Sciences. A total of 100 patients with hypertension were included in the study. Prevalence of primary open angle glaucoma in patients with HTN was recorded.Results:Out of 100,59 were males and 41 were females. Among the 100 hypertensive patients, 5% of patients had POAG. Among POAG, 3 were males and 2 were females. The percentage of patients with IOP between 8-21 was 95%, I0P >21 was 5% in right eye. The percentage of patients with IOP in between 8-21 was 95%, IOP >21 was 5% in left eye.Conclusion:High myopia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus has been associated with POAG, however, direct and convincing evidences are still lacking.","PeriodicalId":407051,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124439189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-29DOI: 10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.1.mb1
J. Kohli, A. Puri, A. Dhar
Background: Intestinal parasitic infections are endemic worldwide and varies considerably from place to place. According to World health organization two billion people are infected with parasitic infections globally. This prevalence is due to low levels of sanitation, open defecation, lack of safe water supply, poor hygiene, low socio- economic status, age group and impoverished health services.Subjects and Methods:In order to know the infection rate of these intestinal parasites 2500 stool specimens were studied microscopically for parasitic infections by direct wet mount and iodine mount.Results:It was observed that only 5.28% were infected with intestinal parasites. The ova and cysts of various intestinal parasites were identified microscopically and pattern of different isolated parasites were studied and it was observed that most commonly isolated was Giardia intestinalis 69.69%, followed by Entamoebahistolytica 19.69%, Ascarislumbricoides 7.57%, Ankylostomaduodenale 1.51% and Trichuristrichuira 1.51%.Conclusion: The decrease in parasitic infections evidence the success of health education, improved sanitation and healthy lifestyle.
{"title":"Prevalence of Parasitic Infections in Patients Attending Tertiary Hospital ASCOMS Jammu","authors":"J. Kohli, A. Puri, A. Dhar","doi":"10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.1.mb1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.1.mb1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Intestinal parasitic infections are endemic worldwide and varies considerably from place to place. According to World health organization two billion people are infected with parasitic infections globally. This prevalence is due to low levels of sanitation, open defecation, lack of safe water supply, poor hygiene, low socio- economic status, age group and impoverished health services.Subjects and Methods:In order to know the infection rate of these intestinal parasites 2500 stool specimens were studied microscopically for parasitic infections by direct wet mount and iodine mount.Results:It was observed that only 5.28% were infected with intestinal parasites. The ova and cysts of various intestinal parasites were identified microscopically and pattern of different isolated parasites were studied and it was observed that most commonly isolated was Giardia intestinalis 69.69%, followed by Entamoebahistolytica 19.69%, Ascarislumbricoides 7.57%, Ankylostomaduodenale 1.51% and Trichuristrichuira 1.51%.Conclusion: The decrease in parasitic infections evidence the success of health education, improved sanitation and healthy lifestyle.","PeriodicalId":407051,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129219434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-29DOI: 10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.1.pt1
Packirisamy Aruna, Kashish Arora
Background: Worldwide Cervical cancer is responsible for more than half a million new cases and a quarter of a million deaths annually. Many Researches has established the causal role of oncogenic human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection in the pathogenesis of invasive cervical cancer and its precursor lesions. Bacterial vaginosis(BV) is one of the most common conditions of childbearing aged women worldwide, and considering a possible synergy of an imbalanced vaginal environment with cervical preneoplasia,it is clear that greater attention needs to be given to this condition. Objective: To find out an association between Nugent score and dysplastic epithelial cell changes in the cervical smears of patients with vaginal discharge.Subjects and Methods:This is a descriptive study conducted on 100 cervical smears from women of reproductive group with vaginal discharge.Paponicolaou stained and Gram stained smears were studied. The proportion of cervical smears with normal flora and dysplastic changes as well as that of smears with Bacterial vaginosis and dysplastic changes were calculated and compared.Results:19 smears were scored as BV,.2 out of 19 smears (10.5%)were showing epithelial cell abnormality.1 out of 38 (2.6%)smears having normal vaginal flora was reported as ASC and 6 out of 43(14%) smears in the intermediate category were reported as ASC(5) and HSIL(1). Statistical analysis was done by Chi-square test using IBM-SPSS Statistics-22 statistical package.The correlation between Bacterial vaginosis and dysplastic changes were not found to be statistically significant.Conclusion: There is no definite correlation of Bacterial vaginosis with dysplastic changes in the cervical smear of patients with vaginal discharge related with the risk for cervical carcinogenesis. Evaluation of larger cohort of subjects over a prolonged time frame is required to assess the influence of Bacterial vaginosis in cervical carcinogenesis.
{"title":"Correlation of Dysplastic Changes of Squamous Epithelial Cells to Bacterial Vaginosis Based on Nugent Score in the Cervical Smears of Patients with Vaginal Discharge","authors":"Packirisamy Aruna, Kashish Arora","doi":"10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.1.pt1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.1.pt1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Worldwide Cervical cancer is responsible for more than half a million new cases and a quarter of a million deaths annually. Many Researches has established the causal role of oncogenic human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection in the pathogenesis of invasive cervical cancer and its precursor lesions. Bacterial vaginosis(BV) is one of the most common conditions of childbearing aged women worldwide, and considering a possible synergy of an imbalanced vaginal environment with cervical preneoplasia,it is clear that greater attention needs to be given to this condition. Objective: To find out an association between Nugent score and dysplastic epithelial cell changes in the cervical smears of patients with vaginal discharge.Subjects and Methods:This is a descriptive study conducted on 100 cervical smears from women of reproductive group with vaginal discharge.Paponicolaou stained and Gram stained smears were studied. The proportion of cervical smears with normal flora and dysplastic changes as well as that of smears with Bacterial vaginosis and dysplastic changes were calculated and compared.Results:19 smears were scored as BV,.2 out of 19 smears (10.5%)were showing epithelial cell abnormality.1 out of 38 (2.6%)smears having normal vaginal flora was reported as ASC and 6 out of 43(14%) smears in the intermediate category were reported as ASC(5) and HSIL(1). Statistical analysis was done by Chi-square test using IBM-SPSS Statistics-22 statistical package.The correlation between Bacterial vaginosis and dysplastic changes were not found to be statistically significant.Conclusion: There is no definite correlation of Bacterial vaginosis with dysplastic changes in the cervical smear of patients with vaginal discharge related with the risk for cervical carcinogenesis. Evaluation of larger cohort of subjects over a prolonged time frame is required to assess the influence of Bacterial vaginosis in cervical carcinogenesis.","PeriodicalId":407051,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125682424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-29DOI: 10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.1.bc1
Ajay K. Puri, J. Kohli, V. J. Chrunjoo
Background: Protein glycation is a spontaneous reaction that is believed to play a key role in the pathogenesis of many clinical disorders. The glycation of proteins is enhanced by elevated blood glucose concentrations. The major form of protein glycation with a clinical consideration is glycatedhaemoglobin (HbA1c). HbA1c is majorly affected by the blood glucose levels alone. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. Studies have suggested that HbA1c levels in type-2 diabetes mellitus patients mostly remains elevated, yet some such patients, with or without tight glycemic control, have HbA1c levels nearly close to or within the normal reference range.Subjects and Methods:In this study HbA1c, fasting blood glucose levels and post prandial blood glucose levels in normal subjects as well as in patients with Type-2 diabetes mellitus excluding the complicated ones were studied.Results:The present study confirms earlier studies that all these levels are tightly correlated and the corresponding p values were < 0.001 which were significant and was estimated by using student t-test.Conclusion: Thus indicating that glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) can be used to assess the glycemic status of an individual for attaining the treatment goal of preventing long term complications of diabetes mellitus.
{"title":"HbA1c –Marker for Long Term Glycemic Control","authors":"Ajay K. Puri, J. Kohli, V. J. Chrunjoo","doi":"10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.1.bc1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.1.bc1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Protein glycation is a spontaneous reaction that is believed to play a key role in the pathogenesis of many clinical disorders. The glycation of proteins is enhanced by elevated blood glucose concentrations. The major form of protein glycation with a clinical consideration is glycatedhaemoglobin (HbA1c). HbA1c is majorly affected by the blood glucose levels alone. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. Studies have suggested that HbA1c levels in type-2 diabetes mellitus patients mostly remains elevated, yet some such patients, with or without tight glycemic control, have HbA1c levels nearly close to or within the normal reference range.Subjects and Methods:In this study HbA1c, fasting blood glucose levels and post prandial blood glucose levels in normal subjects as well as in patients with Type-2 diabetes mellitus excluding the complicated ones were studied.Results:The present study confirms earlier studies that all these levels are tightly correlated and the corresponding p values were < 0.001 which were significant and was estimated by using student t-test.Conclusion: Thus indicating that glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) can be used to assess the glycemic status of an individual for attaining the treatment goal of preventing long term complications of diabetes mellitus.","PeriodicalId":407051,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medical Research","volume":" 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114053443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-29DOI: 10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.1.pe1
A. Gulvadi, K. SreenivasanV, S. RamaRaj
Background: Asthma is a chronic and potentially seriousconditionwith most children developingit at an early age. Every decade globally the prevalenceis increasing by 50%. Long term management focuses on preventingacute exacerbations, emergency attendances, hospitalizations, morbidity and mortality. Control of asthma is achieved by long term inhalers and bypreventing therisk factors.Various risk factors influence the variation in prevalenceand the long term outcome.Socioeconomic status(SES) is considered a major risk factor and is linked to various health outcomes especially in chronic diseases.Aim: To study the effect of SES on long term management of childhoodasthma.Subjects and Methods: 500 parents of children attending the asthma outpatient clinic in a medical college were interviewed.Results: Based on the Revised Kuppuswamy’s SES scale it was noted that 1.4% were upper class,33.6% upper middle,47%lower middle, 18%lower class. Our data revealed that parents from lower SES are unaware of diagnosis (0%), are reluctant to accept diagnosis (26.6%), reluctant to start inhalers (84.4%) in comparison to upper and middle classes.Conclusion: Failure to diagnose asthma, lack of awareness of disease, poor understanding of the chronicity, and failure to initiate early inhaler therapy and poor adherence to inhalers was significantly noted in children from low socioeconomic background and this can adversely affect the long term outcome.
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