Pub Date : 2020-10-06DOI: 10.47009/AJMR.2020.9.3.ME3
S. Chander, A. Thakur, A. Verma, N. Tangri, Rakesh T Chauhan
Background: In India Covid 19 cases started rising after the Lockdown and from January 30 to August 02 there have been 18,07,222 confirmed cases of Covid 19 with 38176 deaths. Now Covid 19 cases are present in small towns and villages as people from major cities has been migrates to their native places. This study describes the demographic, baseline comorbidity, presenting clinical complaints and outcome of the first sequentially patients with COVID -19 in a small district from Himachal Pradesh, In India. Subjects and Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted in Dr. Radha Krishnan Government medical college, Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, India. The inclusion criteria for the study was All symptomatic patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 by Real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in Distt. Hamirpur in Himachal Pradesh from March 2020 to 31 July 2020. Oral consent was obtained for the study. The medical records of patients were analysed by the research team of the department of medicine, Dr. Radha Krishnan Government Medical College Hamirpur. Results: Maximum number of patients (92%) migrated from outside the state and majority from the cities of high number of Covid cases. During hospital periods 36% patients had peripheral capillary spo2 less than 95% and required oxygen support. 2(4%) patients died in the hospital and 5(10%) was referred to higher centre. 43(86%) patents recovered and discharged in stable condition. Fever (64%) was the most common symptom followed by cough (60%), fatigue (40), rhinorrhoea (28%), headache (26%) and hypogeusia (16%). Conclusion : The clinical presentation was milder and complications were seen in very few. Special attention is required to the geriatric population and with severe comorbid condition, as they are more likely to have a poor outcome.
{"title":"Clinical Charecterstics and Out Come of Patients with Symptomatic Corona Virus Disease 2019 in Small District of Himachal Pradesh in India","authors":"S. Chander, A. Thakur, A. Verma, N. Tangri, Rakesh T Chauhan","doi":"10.47009/AJMR.2020.9.3.ME3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47009/AJMR.2020.9.3.ME3","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In India Covid 19 cases started rising after the Lockdown and from January 30 to August 02 there have been 18,07,222 confirmed cases of Covid 19 with 38176 deaths. Now Covid 19 cases are present in small towns and villages as people from major cities has been migrates to their native places. This study describes the demographic, baseline comorbidity, presenting clinical complaints and outcome of the first sequentially patients with COVID -19 in a small district from Himachal Pradesh, In India. Subjects and Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted in Dr. Radha Krishnan Government medical college, Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, India. The inclusion criteria for the study was All symptomatic patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 by Real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in Distt. Hamirpur in Himachal Pradesh from March 2020 to 31 July 2020. Oral consent was obtained for the study. The medical records of patients were analysed by the research team of the department of medicine, Dr. Radha Krishnan Government Medical College Hamirpur. Results: Maximum number of patients (92%) migrated from outside the state and majority from the cities of high number of Covid cases. During hospital periods 36% patients had peripheral capillary spo2 less than 95% and required oxygen support. 2(4%) patients died in the hospital and 5(10%) was referred to higher centre. 43(86%) patents recovered and discharged in stable condition. Fever (64%) was the most common symptom followed by cough (60%), fatigue (40), rhinorrhoea (28%), headache (26%) and hypogeusia (16%). Conclusion : The clinical presentation was milder and complications were seen in very few. Special attention is required to the geriatric population and with severe comorbid condition, as they are more likely to have a poor outcome.","PeriodicalId":407051,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"202 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114923900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-06DOI: 10.47009/AJMR.2020.9.3.MC1
Yenew Alemu Mihret
Background: Coronavirus disease is an infectious disease that causes a newly discovered coronavirus. Ethiopia is one of the most impacted countries relative to the proportion of COVID-19 case growth and infection. The purpose of this investigation was to identify the determinants of COVID-19 disease in Ethiopia. Subjects & Methods: The source of the data for this study was the 2020 Ethiopia health ministry from March up to July using multiple linear regression models. Results: Among 468,814 total tests, 9,027 recovered, 20,900 confirmed cases, and 365 deaths from Coronavirus diseases in Ethiopia. Critical cases (β= 0.570, p= 0.006) and average temperature (β= -35.061, p= 0.003) variables were statistically significant. Conclusion: Critical or serious cases significantly and positively affect the deaths of this pandemic disease, while average temperature significantly and negatively affects the deaths of COVID-19 diseases in Ethiopia.
{"title":"Predictors Associated with COVID-19 deaths in Ethiopia","authors":"Yenew Alemu Mihret","doi":"10.47009/AJMR.2020.9.3.MC1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47009/AJMR.2020.9.3.MC1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Coronavirus disease is an infectious disease that causes a newly discovered coronavirus. Ethiopia is one of the most impacted countries relative to the proportion of COVID-19 case growth and infection. The purpose of this investigation was to identify the determinants of COVID-19 disease in Ethiopia. Subjects & Methods: The source of the data for this study was the 2020 Ethiopia health ministry from March up to July using multiple linear regression models. Results: Among 468,814 total tests, 9,027 recovered, 20,900 confirmed cases, and 365 deaths from Coronavirus diseases in Ethiopia. Critical cases (β= 0.570, p= 0.006) and average temperature (β= -35.061, p= 0.003) variables were statistically significant. Conclusion: Critical or serious cases significantly and positively affect the deaths of this pandemic disease, while average temperature significantly and negatively affects the deaths of COVID-19 diseases in Ethiopia.","PeriodicalId":407051,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"205 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124057800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-06DOI: 10.47009/AJMR.2020.9.3.ME1
R. Sehgal, Jyotisterna Mittal, I. Singh
Introduction: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a significant cause of liver injury in the world. Transient elastography with controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) is now days commonly used as a non-invasive modality to quantify liver steatosis and stage of Fibrosis in the Liver. This study was done to the correlation of hepatic Steatosis with hepatic Fibrosis in NAFLD Patients by fibroscan. Subjects and Methods: All NAFLD patients coming to DMCH from 1/1/18 to 30/11/18 were retrospectively analysed for the presence of any correlation between Steatosis and Fibrosis using a controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and liver stiffness measurement (kPa), respectively by Fibroscan. Patients with a history of significant alcohol intake, viral infection, severe weight loss, on TPN, on drugs like amiodarone, diltiazem, steroids were excluded. Along with this history of hypertension, diabetes and smoking were noted from the available data. Results: The mean CAP of all 446 patients was 310.58 53.55 and the mean kPa was 7.14 4.75. Overall there was a significant correlation between CAP and kPa in all NAFLD patients (p <0.000). This was also true in patients who were more than 20 years of age, who have increased levels of triglycerides and were obese. Patients with S0 steatosis had a mean kPa value of 5.33 and as the steatosis stage worsened to S3 mean kPa value also increased to a maximum of 7.63. Conclusion: Quantification of Steatosis by CAP has a significant correlation with the stage of Fibrosis, especially in patients with increasing age, obese and who have high triglyceride levels.
{"title":"Correlation of Hepatic Steatosis with Hepatic Fibrosis in NAFLD Patients by Fibroscan","authors":"R. Sehgal, Jyotisterna Mittal, I. Singh","doi":"10.47009/AJMR.2020.9.3.ME1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47009/AJMR.2020.9.3.ME1","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a significant cause of liver injury in the world. Transient elastography with controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) is now days commonly used as a non-invasive modality to quantify liver steatosis and stage of Fibrosis in the Liver. This study was done to the correlation of hepatic Steatosis with hepatic Fibrosis in NAFLD Patients by fibroscan. Subjects and Methods: All NAFLD patients coming to DMCH from 1/1/18 to 30/11/18 were retrospectively analysed for the presence of any correlation between Steatosis and Fibrosis using a controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and liver stiffness measurement (kPa), respectively by Fibroscan. Patients with a history of significant alcohol intake, viral infection, severe weight loss, on TPN, on drugs like amiodarone, diltiazem, steroids were excluded. Along with this history of hypertension, diabetes and smoking were noted from the available data. Results: The mean CAP of all 446 patients was 310.58 53.55 and the mean kPa was 7.14 4.75. Overall there was a significant correlation between CAP and kPa in all NAFLD patients (p <0.000). This was also true in patients who were more than 20 years of age, who have increased levels of triglycerides and were obese. Patients with S0 steatosis had a mean kPa value of 5.33 and as the steatosis stage worsened to S3 mean kPa value also increased to a maximum of 7.63. Conclusion: Quantification of Steatosis by CAP has a significant correlation with the stage of Fibrosis, especially in patients with increasing age, obese and who have high triglyceride levels.","PeriodicalId":407051,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125256173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-09DOI: 10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.2.pt1
Pratibha Shirvastava, S. Dutta
Background: Blood transfusion is very common in present era. Now day’s whole blood transfusion is common but also the blood product like red blood cell, white blood cell, platelets, clotting factor, plasma can be done .the aim of study to know the storage related changes in whole blood, packed red blood cell. Subjects and Methods: In our institution we have selected 100 voluntary blood donors sample in blood bank of Teerthankar Mahaveer medical college and research centre, Moradabad up to 12 month. Results: The store blood is Followed up to 35th days .during regular interval 1st, 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th and 35th day, in the blood there is significant change in and all other component in all sample. Conclusion: In the case of storage of blood in blood bank. As the number day of store is more the haematological changes is more significant.
{"title":"A Comparative Study of Storage Related Haematological Changes in Whole Blood and PRBC in Blood Bank of a Tertiary Care Hospital","authors":"Pratibha Shirvastava, S. Dutta","doi":"10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.2.pt1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.2.pt1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Blood transfusion is very common in present era. Now day’s whole blood transfusion is common but also the blood product like red blood cell, white blood cell, platelets, clotting factor, plasma can be done .the aim of study to know the storage related changes in whole blood, packed red blood cell. Subjects and Methods: In our institution we have selected 100 voluntary blood donors sample in blood bank of Teerthankar Mahaveer medical college and research centre, Moradabad up to 12 month. Results: The store blood is Followed up to 35th days .during regular interval 1st, 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th and 35th day, in the blood there is significant change in and all other component in all sample. Conclusion: In the case of storage of blood in blood bank. As the number day of store is more the haematological changes is more significant.","PeriodicalId":407051,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132648324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-06DOI: 10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.2.cm1
Legesse Abera, Adisalem Debebe
Background: Ethiopian abortion law is relatively liberal, but due to lack of knowledge and negative attitude toward legalization of abortion among most women, shortage of safe abortion services provision and significant amount of sociocultural pressures women still go to unsafe abortion service. So the objective of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice toward legalization of abortion among female students of Sabiyan secondary school, Dire Dawa, March 20-30/ 2018. Subjects & Methods: The study was conducted in Dire Dawa city, in Sabiyan high school. An institutional based cross-sectional survey was employed on randomly selected female students. Data was collected using pre- tested self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using computer software SPSS version 24.0. Tables, graphs and charts were used for some variable to describe the results of the study. Results: A total of 320 regular female students were included making the response rate of 100%. Ethiopian abortion law was assessed only 40 (12.5%) of participants were knowledgeable and only 98 (30.6%) of the respondents were having positive attitude. Out of 24 (7.5%) who ever get pregnant, 15 (4.7%) seek for unsafe abortion and only 7 (2.2%) were having experience (practice) of legal abortion. Conclusion: there was a low level of knowledge of the revised Ethiopian abortion law among study participants and majority of the participants had a negative attitude towards legal abortion services and only few of them had practice of legal abortion. So focusing on awareness creation strategy by each stakeholder is an important.
{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude and Practice toward legalization of abortion among female students of Sabiyan secondary and preparatory school, Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia, 2018. A descriptive cross-sectional study","authors":"Legesse Abera, Adisalem Debebe","doi":"10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.2.cm1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.2.cm1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Ethiopian abortion law is relatively liberal, but due to lack of knowledge and negative attitude toward legalization of abortion among most women, shortage of safe abortion services provision and significant amount of sociocultural pressures women still go to unsafe abortion service. So the objective of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice toward legalization of abortion among female students of Sabiyan secondary school, Dire Dawa, March 20-30/ 2018. Subjects & Methods: The study was conducted in Dire Dawa city, in Sabiyan high school. An institutional based cross-sectional survey was employed on randomly selected female students. Data was collected using pre- tested self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using computer software SPSS version 24.0. Tables, graphs and charts were used for some variable to describe the results of the study. Results: A total of 320 regular female students were included making the response rate of 100%. Ethiopian abortion law was assessed only 40 (12.5%) of participants were knowledgeable and only 98 (30.6%) of the respondents were having positive attitude. Out of 24 (7.5%) who ever get pregnant, 15 (4.7%) seek for unsafe abortion and only 7 (2.2%) were having experience (practice) of legal abortion. Conclusion: there was a low level of knowledge of the revised Ethiopian abortion law among study participants and majority of the participants had a negative attitude towards legal abortion services and only few of them had practice of legal abortion. So focusing on awareness creation strategy by each stakeholder is an important.","PeriodicalId":407051,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122939857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-06DOI: 10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.2.pt2
Prachi Singh, Faiyaz Ahmad, S. Dutta, S. Awasthi, V. Singh
Background: The most commonly received specimen in any histopathology laboratory is cholecystectomy specimen. The majority of the cholecystectomies are done for Cholelithiasis. Inflammation may be acute, chronic or acute on chronic. It almost always occurs in association with gallstones, which is responsible for carcinoma and if the diagnosed early prognosis of the carcinoma gall bladder is good. Histopathological examination is therefore a must for diagnosis of early carcinomas. Subjects and Methods: 100 cholecystectomy specimens from patients of all ages were included. All specimens were subjected to gross and microscopic assessment. Different histological findings were noted in various layers of the gall bladder. The study includes all radiologically confirmed inflammatory pathologies of including metaplastic changes of the gall bladder epithelium, irrespective of age and sex. The study excludes patients with evident gallbladder malignancy, cases with known secondaries from gall bladder, traumatic rupture of gallbladder. Results: The age of patients varied from 16 to 70 years, with a maximum number of patients (25%) belong to 31 to 40 years. Gall stones were associated with 59% cases of cholecystitis. Pigment stones were most common (74%). Histopathologically the most common diagnosis was chronic cholecystitis (69%). Conclusion: Almost all of the gallbladder lesions are inflammatory in origin, of which the most common disease being chronic cholecystitis. Chronic cholecystitis was found to be most probable diagnosis in a female of 30-40 years. Pigmented gall stones were found to be the most common etiology of chronic cholecystitis. Prompt detailed histopathological analysis will help to confirm the benign nature of the disease or to detect any precursors of malignancy.
{"title":"Spectrum of Benign Histopathological Lesions in Cholecystectomy Specimens","authors":"Prachi Singh, Faiyaz Ahmad, S. Dutta, S. Awasthi, V. Singh","doi":"10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.2.pt2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.2.pt2","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The most commonly received specimen in any histopathology laboratory is cholecystectomy specimen. The majority of the cholecystectomies are done for Cholelithiasis. Inflammation may be acute, chronic or acute on chronic. It almost always occurs in association with gallstones, which is responsible for carcinoma and if the diagnosed early prognosis of the carcinoma gall bladder is good. Histopathological examination is therefore a must for diagnosis of early carcinomas. Subjects and Methods: 100 cholecystectomy specimens from patients of all ages were included. All specimens were subjected to gross and microscopic assessment. Different histological findings were noted in various layers of the gall bladder. The study includes all radiologically confirmed inflammatory pathologies of including metaplastic changes of the gall bladder epithelium, irrespective of age and sex. The study excludes patients with evident gallbladder malignancy, cases with known secondaries from gall bladder, traumatic rupture of gallbladder. Results: The age of patients varied from 16 to 70 years, with a maximum number of patients (25%) belong to 31 to 40 years. Gall stones were associated with 59% cases of cholecystitis. Pigment stones were most common (74%). Histopathologically the most common diagnosis was chronic cholecystitis (69%). Conclusion: Almost all of the gallbladder lesions are inflammatory in origin, of which the most common disease being chronic cholecystitis. Chronic cholecystitis was found to be most probable diagnosis in a female of 30-40 years. Pigmented gall stones were found to be the most common etiology of chronic cholecystitis. Prompt detailed histopathological analysis will help to confirm the benign nature of the disease or to detect any precursors of malignancy.","PeriodicalId":407051,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131018318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-06DOI: 10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.2.ot1
Madhavi Chevuturu
Background: Pterygium causes visual problems due to induced corneal astigmatism or direct encroachment onto the visual axis. The present study was conducted to compare preoperative and postoperative changes in corneal astigmatism after pterygium excision by different techniques. Subjects and Methods: The present study was conducted from May 2018 to August 20018 on 69 patients of age range 20-55 years of primary Pterygium. Patients were divided into three groups of 23 each. Group I was treated with bare sclera (BS) technique, Group II with conjunctival autograft (CAG) technique and Group III with amniotic membrane graft (AMG) technique. All the patients were preoperatively assessed for visual acuity, anterior and posterior segments, autorefraction, and autokeratometry. After surgery, the patients were recalled on day 5, 1 month, and 3 months for the analysis. Results: Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) preoperatively was 0.57, on the 5th day was 0.45 after 1 month was and after 3 months was 35. The mean preoperative astigmatism value in group I was 3.45, in group II was 3.52 and in group III was 3.49. Postoperative astigmatism value in group I was 1.60, in group II was 0.92 and in group III was 0.81. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Authors found that amniotic membrane graft and a conjunctival autograft is better surgical techniques than bare sclera in reducing astigmatism.
{"title":"Assessment of Preoperative and Postoperative Changes in Corneal Astigmatism after Pterygium Excision by Different Techniques","authors":"Madhavi Chevuturu","doi":"10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.2.ot1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.2.ot1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pterygium causes visual problems due to induced corneal astigmatism or direct encroachment onto the visual axis. The present study was conducted to compare preoperative and postoperative changes in corneal astigmatism after pterygium excision by different techniques. Subjects and Methods: The present study was conducted from May 2018 to August 20018 on 69 patients of age range 20-55 years of primary Pterygium. Patients were divided into three groups of 23 each. Group I was treated with bare sclera (BS) technique, Group II with conjunctival autograft (CAG) technique and Group III with amniotic membrane graft (AMG) technique. All the patients were preoperatively assessed for visual acuity, anterior and posterior segments, autorefraction, and autokeratometry. After surgery, the patients were recalled on day 5, 1 month, and 3 months for the analysis. Results: Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) preoperatively was 0.57, on the 5th day was 0.45 after 1 month was and after 3 months was 35. The mean preoperative astigmatism value in group I was 3.45, in group II was 3.52 and in group III was 3.49. Postoperative astigmatism value in group I was 1.60, in group II was 0.92 and in group III was 0.81. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Authors found that amniotic membrane graft and a conjunctival autograft is better surgical techniques than bare sclera in reducing astigmatism.","PeriodicalId":407051,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116941738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-06DOI: 10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.2.me1
B. Reddy, Hemasundar Korrapati, Supraja Chegireddy
Background: Smoking has long been positively associated with the development and progression of coronary heart disease. However, lon- gitudinal cohort studies evaluating smoking habits among cardiac patients as well as the role of socio-demographic factors determining such behaviours are scarce and have been focused on primary care practice. Prevalence of acute coronary syndrome in young individuals is increasing progressively. Previous studies have focused on the analysis of risk factors and to some extent coronary angiographic profile in smokers vs non-smokers patients with acute coronary syndrome. The aim of the study is to study the acute coronary syndrome in smokers versus non-smokers and to analyse with respect to baseline characteristics. Subjects and Methods: It was a prospective study conducted at Department of Cardiology, Katuri Medical College & Hospital Guntur. Results: In the present study, Acute coronary syndrome occurred seven years earlier in smokers compared with non-smokers (p<0.05) Smokers were frequently male subjects compared with non-smokers (p<0.001) Smokers had a lower prevalence of Diabetes compared with non-smokers (p<0.001) Smokers had a higher prevalence of Obesity compared with non-smokers (p<0.001). Smokers presented with more acute infarctions and less Unstable angina compared with non-smokers (P<0.001). Conclusion: In the present study, significant differences were observed in coronary risk factor profile between smokers and non-smokers patients with STEMI and NSTEMI/UA. Larger studies will be required to establish specific associations between presentation of acute coronary syndromes and angiographic profiles in smokers.
{"title":"A Study on Clinical Profile, Risk Factors, Angiographic Profile and Short-Term Mortality of Acute Coronary Syndrome in Smokers vs Non Smokers","authors":"B. Reddy, Hemasundar Korrapati, Supraja Chegireddy","doi":"10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.2.me1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.2.me1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Smoking has long been positively associated with the development and progression of coronary heart disease. However, lon- gitudinal cohort studies evaluating smoking habits among cardiac patients as well as the role of socio-demographic factors determining such behaviours are scarce and have been focused on primary care practice. Prevalence of acute coronary syndrome in young individuals is increasing progressively. Previous studies have focused on the analysis of risk factors and to some extent coronary angiographic profile in smokers vs non-smokers patients with acute coronary syndrome. The aim of the study is to study the acute coronary syndrome in smokers versus non-smokers and to analyse with respect to baseline characteristics. Subjects and Methods: It was a prospective study conducted at Department of Cardiology, Katuri Medical College & Hospital Guntur. Results: In the present study, Acute coronary syndrome occurred seven years earlier in smokers compared with non-smokers (p<0.05) Smokers were frequently male subjects compared with non-smokers (p<0.001) Smokers had a lower prevalence of Diabetes compared with non-smokers (p<0.001) Smokers had a higher prevalence of Obesity compared with non-smokers (p<0.001). Smokers presented with more acute infarctions and less Unstable angina compared with non-smokers (P<0.001). Conclusion: In the present study, significant differences were observed in coronary risk factor profile between smokers and non-smokers patients with STEMI and NSTEMI/UA. Larger studies will be required to establish specific associations between presentation of acute coronary syndromes and angiographic profiles in smokers.","PeriodicalId":407051,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124292950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-06DOI: 10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.2.or1
Ashutosh Kumar Singh, S. Bali, Subhajit Maji, K. Ahuja, Nagaraj Manju Moger, S. Mittal, B. Sarkar, P. Kandwal
Background: The surgical treatment of unstable burst fracture (TLICS >4) of the thoracolumbar vertebrae remain controversial. This study is aimed to compare the short segment versus long-segment posterior fixation for thoracolumbar burst fracture.The objective of the study is to study comparison of outcome of the Short-Segment Posterior Fixation (SSPF) versus Long-Segment Posterior Fixation (LSPF) for treatment of thoracolumbar burst fracture in term of surgical, radiological, neurological and functional outcome. Subjects & Methods: In this prospective study, we included 32 patients with Burst fracture AO type A3, A4 of Thoracolumbar spine (T10-L2), who underwent posterior pedicle screw fixation for Burst fracture Thoracolumbar spine. A total of 18 of the patients underwent Short-Segment Posterior Fixation (SSPF) (Group A); group A is further divided into three subgroups A1: short-segment only(n=10), A2: short-segment with index screw(n=4) and A3: short-segment with anterior column reconstruction(n=4) with cage, Whereas 14 patients had Long-Segment Posterior Fixation (LSPF) (Group B). Surgical (duration of surgery, blood loss, complication), Clinical (Oswestry questionnaire, spinal cord independent measuring scale), radiological (percentage of anterior body height compression, kyphosis correction loss, Mc Cormack classification) and Neurological (Frankel grading) outcomes were analyzed. Results: The operative time Group A (159.85 min 22.5) was significantly shorter than Group B (198.7 31.5). Blood loss was significantly less in Group A (478 ml 259.3) than Group B (865ml 275.7). Kyphosis Correction loss at 6th month follow up in Group A (subgroup A1: 10.7deg 6.2, subgroup A2: 7.1deg 7.4 and subgroup A3: Subgroup A3: 6.1deg 5.2) was higher than that of group B (6.2deg 6.3). Complication (surgical site infection) occurred in Two patients in group B. There was no significant difference in terms of improvement in functional and neurological outcomes among both groups. The functional outcomes as per the SCIM and ODI score at 6th month follow up in group A: 74.7 +-22.29, 31.5+-13.73 respectively, and group B: 73.8+-26.07, 26.7+-17.9, respectively. Conclusion: Short-Segment Posterior Fixation (SSPF) is a significantly decreased duration of surgery and blood loss compare with Long-Segment Posterior Fixation (LSPF). Loss of kyphosis correction in Short-Segment Posterior Fixation (SSPF) may be decreased with index screws or anterior column reconstruction.
背景:胸腰椎不稳定爆裂骨折(TLICS >4)的手术治疗仍存在争议。本研究旨在比较短节段与长节段后路固定治疗胸腰椎爆裂性骨折。本研究的目的是比较短节段后路固定(SSPF)与长节段后路固定(LSPF)治疗胸腰椎爆裂性骨折在外科、放射学、神经学和功能方面的疗效。对象与方法:在本前瞻性研究中，我们纳入32例胸腰椎爆裂性骨折AO型A3、A4 (T10-L2)患者，接受后路椎弓根螺钉固定治疗胸腰椎爆裂性骨折。18例患者行短节段后路固定(SSPF) (A组);A组又分为3个亚组:A1:仅短节段(n=10)， A2:短节段带索引螺钉(n=4)， A3:B组14例采用长节段后路固定(LSPF)。对手术(手术时间、出血量、并发症)、临床(Oswestry问卷、脊髓独立测量量表)、放射学(前体高度压缩百分比、后凸矫正损失、Mc Cormack分级)和神经学(Frankel分级)结果进行分析。结果:A组手术时间(159.85 min 22.5)明显短于B组(198.7 31.5)。出血量A组(478 ml 259.3)明显少于B组(865ml 275.7)。A组(A1亚组:10.7°6.2,A2亚组:7.1°7.4,A3亚组:6.1°5.2)随访6个月后凸矫正损失高于B组(6.2°6.3)。b组2例患者出现并发症(手术部位感染)，两组在功能和神经预后改善方面无显著差异。随访6个月时，A组的SCIM和ODI评分分别为74.7 +-22.29、31.5+-13.73,B组分别为73.8+-26.07、26.7+-17.9。结论:短节段后路固定(SSPF)与长节段后路固定(LSPF)相比，可显著减少手术时间和出血量。短节段后路固定(SSPF)后凸矫正的损失可以通过指数螺钉或前柱重建来减少。
{"title":"Short Segment versus Long Segment Posterior Pedicle Screws Fixation for Treatment of Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture: A Comparative Prospective Study","authors":"Ashutosh Kumar Singh, S. Bali, Subhajit Maji, K. Ahuja, Nagaraj Manju Moger, S. Mittal, B. Sarkar, P. Kandwal","doi":"10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.2.or1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.2.or1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The surgical treatment of unstable burst fracture (TLICS >4) of the thoracolumbar vertebrae remain controversial. This study is aimed to compare the short segment versus long-segment posterior fixation for thoracolumbar burst fracture.The objective of the study is to study comparison of outcome of the Short-Segment Posterior Fixation (SSPF) versus Long-Segment Posterior Fixation (LSPF) for treatment of thoracolumbar burst fracture in term of surgical, radiological, neurological and functional outcome. Subjects & Methods: In this prospective study, we included 32 patients with Burst fracture AO type A3, A4 of Thoracolumbar spine (T10-L2), who underwent posterior pedicle screw fixation for Burst fracture Thoracolumbar spine. A total of 18 of the patients underwent Short-Segment Posterior Fixation (SSPF) (Group A); group A is further divided into three subgroups A1: short-segment only(n=10), A2: short-segment with index screw(n=4) and A3: short-segment with anterior column reconstruction(n=4) with cage, Whereas 14 patients had Long-Segment Posterior Fixation (LSPF) (Group B). Surgical (duration of surgery, blood loss, complication), Clinical (Oswestry questionnaire, spinal cord independent measuring scale), radiological (percentage of anterior body height compression, kyphosis correction loss, Mc Cormack classification) and Neurological (Frankel grading) outcomes were analyzed. Results: The operative time Group A (159.85 min 22.5) was significantly shorter than Group B (198.7 31.5). Blood loss was significantly less in Group A (478 ml 259.3) than Group B (865ml 275.7). Kyphosis Correction loss at 6th month follow up in Group A (subgroup A1: 10.7deg 6.2, subgroup A2: 7.1deg 7.4 and subgroup A3: Subgroup A3: 6.1deg 5.2) was higher than that of group B (6.2deg 6.3). Complication (surgical site infection) occurred in Two patients in group B. There was no significant difference in terms of improvement in functional and neurological outcomes among both groups. The functional outcomes as per the SCIM and ODI score at 6th month follow up in group A: 74.7 +-22.29, 31.5+-13.73 respectively, and group B: 73.8+-26.07, 26.7+-17.9, respectively. Conclusion: Short-Segment Posterior Fixation (SSPF) is a significantly decreased duration of surgery and blood loss compare with Long-Segment Posterior Fixation (LSPF). Loss of kyphosis correction in Short-Segment Posterior Fixation (SSPF) may be decreased with index screws or anterior column reconstruction.","PeriodicalId":407051,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126992498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-06DOI: 10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.2.or3
Nagaraj Manju Moger, Pragadeeshwaran J, M. Sarkar, P. Meena
Talus fractures are very rarely seen and account for approximately 1 percent of fractures around the foot and ankle Talar neck fractures are likely to damage the anastomotic ring, resulting in disruption of blood supply to the talar body which leads to significant problems in fracture healing and integrity. Approximately 39 percent of midfoot and ankle fractures could be missed during initial evaluation due to a lack of adequate radiological and clinical examination. Among these missed injuries approximately 50 percent are talus fractures. A 23-year-old male patient came with complaints of pain over the left foot while walking for 6 months. He had a history of falls from 10 feet height 6 months back. He was conservatively managed in a local hospital without any proper diagnosis. He presented to us 6 months later with chronic, dull aching, continuous pain which aggravates while walking and standing. The diagnosis of the non-union fracture neck of talus was made after radiology and was managed by open reduction and internal fixation with cannulated cancellous screws along with ipsilateral iliac crest cancellous bone grafting. Lack of timely diagnosis escalates the vascular insult, delays timely intervention, and increases morbidity.
{"title":"Management of 6 Months old Neglected Talus Neck Fracture: A Case Report with Review of Literature","authors":"Nagaraj Manju Moger, Pragadeeshwaran J, M. Sarkar, P. Meena","doi":"10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.2.or3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.2.or3","url":null,"abstract":"Talus fractures are very rarely seen and account for approximately 1 percent of fractures around the foot and ankle Talar neck fractures are likely to damage the anastomotic ring, resulting in disruption of blood supply to the talar body which leads to significant problems in fracture healing and integrity. Approximately 39 percent of midfoot and ankle fractures could be missed during initial evaluation due to a lack of adequate radiological and clinical examination. Among these missed injuries approximately 50 percent are talus fractures. A 23-year-old male patient came with complaints of pain over the left foot while walking for 6 months. He had a history of falls from 10 feet height 6 months back. He was conservatively managed in a local hospital without any proper diagnosis. He presented to us 6 months later with chronic, dull aching, continuous pain which aggravates while walking and standing. The diagnosis of the non-union fracture neck of talus was made after radiology and was managed by open reduction and internal fixation with cannulated cancellous screws along with ipsilateral iliac crest cancellous bone grafting. Lack of timely diagnosis escalates the vascular insult, delays timely intervention, and increases morbidity.","PeriodicalId":407051,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132568987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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