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Zeugma’daki Poseidon Evi Emblemasından Skyros’taki Akhilleus: Caracalla ve Görüntülerin Gücü
0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.26658/jmr.1143736
Laura Caso
Bu ikonografik ve ikonolojik analiz, Poseidon Evi’nin emblemasında yer alan Skyros’taki Akhilleus betimi ile ilgili uzun bir geleneğin Zeugma’daki varlığını göstermektedir. Bu gelenek İS 1. yüzyıla kadar uzanır ve Roma mozaiği ve resmi ile ilgilidir. Skyros’taki Akhilleus betimi Batı’dan Doğu’ya, özellikle İtalya’dan (Roma ve Pompeii) Roma İmparatorluğu’nun doğu kısmına doğru yayılmıştır. Bu model, İS 3. yüzyılın başında Caracalla (211-217) döneminde Fırat üzerindeki Zeugma’ya ulaşmıştır. Poseidon Villası’nın zengin sahibi (dominus) ve müşterisi, Legio IV Scythica veya Parthica’ya bağlı Caracalla’nın yüksek bir memuru olacaktı. Aslında Zeugma, her şeyden önce Septimius Severus’un (193-211) ve onun halefi Caracalla’nın saltanatı sırasında, bu Roma lejyonunun yerleşim yeri ve Partlara karşı ileri bir karakol olmuştur. Poseidon Villası’nın sahibi, Büyük İskender’in durumunda olduğu gibi, Caracalla’nın ideolojik düzeyde çok sevdiği Skyros’taki Akhilleus temasını seçerek imparatorluk propagandasını kendine mal etmiştir (Örn. Cassius Dio, Herodian, Scriptores Historiae Augustae). Skyros’taki Akhilleus miti çok eskiye dayanmaktadır (Örn. Cypria, Pindar, Sophocles, Euripides) ve hem Roma (Domus Aurea) hem de Pompeii resim ve mozaiğinde, Caracalla gibi hem Akhilleus hem de Büyük İskender’in coşkulu bir hayranı olan imparator Nero’ya kadar uzanır.
Bu ikonografik ve ikonojik analiz,Poseidon Evi'nin embrationasında yer alan Skyros'taki Akhilleus betimi ile ilgili uzun bir geleneğin Zeugma'daki varlığnıgöstermektedir。这个传统就是IS1。这是关于几个世纪和罗马人的马赛克和图形。Skyros的Akhilleus牌匾向东传播,尤其是从罗马帝国东部的意大利(罗马和庞贝)。这个型号是IS3。本世纪初,在卡拉卡拉(211-217),他乘风暴抵达泽格马。波塞冬别墅(dominus)的富有主人和客户Legio IV Scythica或Parthica将成为卡拉卡拉的高级官员。事实上,在所有事情发生之前,泽格马是塞普蒂米乌斯·塞维鲁(193-211)和他的另一半卡拉卡拉(Caracalla)、罗马狮子和Parts面前的一个警察局。由于波塞冬别墅的主人处于亚历山大大帝的状态,卡拉卡拉选择了他在意识形态层面上喜欢的Skyros中的Akhilleus主题,并为帝国的宣传付出了代价(例如卡西乌斯·迪奥、希律王、Scriptores Historiae Augustae)。斯凯罗斯的阿克希勒乌斯神话非常古老(例如赛普里亚、平达尔、索福克勒斯、欧里庇得斯),罗马(奥雷阿)和庞贝的绘画和马赛克,都像卡拉卡拉和阿克希勒乌斯以及伟大的亚历山大崇拜者尼禄。
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引用次数: 0
The Ganymede Mosaic of Claudiopolis 克劳迪奥波利斯的木卫三马赛克
0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.26658/jmr.1143760
S. Sezer
Claudiopolis (Bolu) was a prominent city in Bithynia during the Ancient Period. The Ganymede mosaic was discovered during a rescue excavation at the city center in 2011. The Ganymede mosaic is a floor mosaic arranged in a rectangle and situated on the ground of a Roman villa in the city. The size of the mosaic base is 3.60 m. x 6.70 m. Ganymede, considered as the most beautiful of mortals, was descended from the Dardanians and belonged to the Trojan royal family. Zeus saw and fell in love with the young Ganymede while he had been tending sheep on the slopes of Mount Ida. Zeus either summoned an eagle or turned into an eagle himself to transport the youth to Mount Olympus where he was appointed as cupbearer of the gods. The story of the abduction of Ganymede became popular in Hellenistic art and literature and continued to be so among Roman mosaic artists. The most preferred depiction with regard to the myth of Ganymede in the repertoire of mosaic artists was the scene of Zeus turning into an eagle to abduct Ganymede and bring him to Olympus. The mosaic of Claudiopolis depicts the following stage of the events in which Ganymede, during his life as a cupbearer in Olympus, offers a drink to the eagle. The depiction of this scene has rarely been found, which also adds to the significance of the Claudiopolis Ganymedes mosaic. The scene arranged in a rectangle shows the eagle on the left side and Ganymede on the right side. The panel with figures is surrounded by a border consisting of a line of simple guilloche, a straight band and two lines of intersecting circles. The scene does not involve any bolder, tree or plant motifs as indicators of a natural environment. Due to its stylistic and iconographic characteristics, the mosaic of Claudiopolis is estimated to date back to the late 3th century or early 4th century AD.
克劳迪奥波利斯(博卢)是古代比提尼亚的一座著名城市。木卫三马赛克是2011年在市中心的一次救援挖掘中发现的。木卫三马赛克是一种长方形的地板马赛克,位于该市一座罗马别墅的地面上。马赛克底座的大小为3.60米x 6.70米。木卫三被认为是最美丽的凡人,是达达尼亚人的后裔,属于特洛伊王室。宙斯在伊达山的山坡上放羊时,看到并爱上了年轻的木卫三。宙斯要么召唤一只鹰,要么自己变成一只鹰将年轻人送到奥林匹斯山,在那里他被任命为众神的酒政。木卫三被绑架的故事在希腊化的艺术和文学中流行起来,并在罗马马赛克艺术家中继续流行。在马赛克艺术家的作品中,关于木卫三神话最受欢迎的描绘是宙斯变成鹰绑架木卫三并将其带到奥林匹斯山的场景。Claudiopolis的马赛克描绘了Ganymede在奥林匹斯山担任酒保期间向鹰提供饮料的事件的以下阶段。对这一场景的描绘很少被发现,这也增加了Claudiopolis Ganymedes马赛克的意义。矩形排列的场景显示左侧是鹰,右侧是木卫三。带有人物的面板被一条边界包围,该边界由一条简单的海鸠、一条直带和两条相交的圆圈组成。该场景没有任何大胆的树木或植物图案作为自然环境的标志。由于其风格和图像特征,Claudiopolis的马赛克估计可以追溯到公元3世纪末或4世纪初。
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引用次数: 0
Parthicopolis’in Mozaik Döşemelerinin Tesserae Kökeni Üzerine (4.- 6. Yüzyıl). Yerel Ocaklar, Yataklar ve İthalat (2 Numaralı Bazilika’dan Bazı Mozaik Tesseralar için Ön Rapor) 在帕提科波利斯的莫扎克的Tesserae Kökeni(4-6)。一百。当地八居室、卧室和意大利(巴西2号莫桑比克Tesseralas的初步报告)
0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.26658/jmr.1143757
Svetla Petrova
This article examines several mosaic tesserae from the mosaic panel of the exonarthex of the early Christian basilica No 2 in Parthicopolis (today’s town of Sandanski).The studied mosaic tesserae are made of glass, brick and stone - marble and sandstone. After the analysis: micro- and macroscopic, method applied: EDS; XRD analysis of the mineral phases and others. The composition and possible production of glass for the smalta tesserae has been established, the composition of the brick tesserae; of two types of white marble tesserae, of sandstone tesserae has been determined.In antiquity, and especially in the early Byzantine period, several marble quarries of very good quality were exploited in the Middle Strymon area. It has been established that the stone tesserae were mined from deposits around the ancient and early Byzantine city, quarries Ilindentsi (‘The marble quarries of Trajan’), and the glass is imported. An assumption has been made about the possible production on site in the city of a type of glass tesserae - with a degree of crystallization. The chemical and structural analysis of the tesserae reveals the origin of the material, stone and glass, the latter in the form of a finished product distributed as an import by Thessaloniki merchants and undergoing only the final stage of heating, cutting and polishing in local workshops. Although research on the origin of tesserae from mosaic panels from the early Christian basilica complexes in Parthicopolis is only in the beginning, research proves the origin of tesserae materials, the supply of mosaic workshops mainly with local stone material, and trade in imported glass for enamel mosaic and its final stage of in situ preparation in Particopolis.
本文研究了帕提科波利斯(今天的桑丹斯基镇)早期基督教二号长方形会堂外接地马赛克面板上的几块马赛克镶嵌镶嵌物。所研究的马赛克镶嵌物由玻璃、砖和石头制成——大理石和砂岩。经过分析:微观和宏观,采用的方法:EDS;矿物相的XRD分析等。已经确定了smalta镶嵌玻璃的成分和可能的生产,砖镶嵌玻璃的组成;确定了两种类型的汉白玉镶嵌物、砂岩镶嵌物。在古代,尤其是在拜占庭早期,在斯特里蒙中部地区开发了几个质量非常好的大理石采石场。据证实,镶嵌石是从拜占庭古城和早期城市Ilindetsi采石场(“图拉真大理石采石场”)周围的矿床中开采的,玻璃是进口的。已经对在该市现场生产一种具有一定结晶度的玻璃镶嵌物的可能性进行了假设。镶嵌物的化学和结构分析揭示了材料、石头和玻璃的起源,后者以成品的形式由塞萨洛尼基商人作为进口产品分销,并在当地车间进行加热、切割和抛光的最后阶段。尽管从帕提科波利斯早期基督教长方形会堂建筑群的马赛克面板中研究镶嵌物的起源才刚刚开始,但研究证明了镶嵌物材料的起源、主要由当地石材供应的马赛克车间、用于搪瓷马赛克的进口玻璃贸易及其在Particopolis原位制备的最后阶段。
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引用次数: 1
Roma Mozaiklerinde Mevsim Hayvanları 罗马时期莫桑比克的古代动物
0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.26658/jmr.1143766
Patricia Witts
Animals were popular subjects for Roman mosaics, featuring in many contexts. In his influential book, Season Mosaics of Roman North Africa, David Parrish included a short section on animals symbolising the Seasons, appearing either with personifications or representing the Seasons by themselves.This article widens the discussion and looks beyond North Africa. It begins by examining mosaics on which personifications of the Seasons ride animals and continues with those in which the association is progressively less direct, with a view to analysing which animals can be shown to carry seasonal connotations and whether those animals were associated with more than one season.Mosaics in which four animals appear without personifications are also considered in order to assess whether or not they represented the Seasons. The presence of other seasonal imagery supports this idea, while factors such as the context in which the animals appear and the order in which they are shown can suggest an answer one way or the other.The aim of the article is to demonstrate that whenever four animals are depicted in a mosaic it is worth considering whether they might have seasonal associations, while bearing in mind that this will not necessarily be the case in every instance.
动物是罗马马赛克的热门主题,在许多背景下都有其特色。大卫·帕里什(David Parrish)在其颇具影响力的著作《罗马北非的季节马赛克》(Season Mosaics of Roman North Africa)中,包括了一小段关于象征季节的动物的内容,这些动物要么以拟人化的方式出现,要么自己代表季节。这篇文章扩大了讨论范围,并将目光投向了北非以外的地区。它首先研究了季节的拟人化骑在动物身上的马赛克,然后继续研究那些联系越来越不直接的马赛克,以分析哪些动物可以被证明具有季节含义,以及这些动物是否与不止一个季节有关。为了评估四种动物是否代表四季,还考虑了四种动物在没有拟人化的情况下出现的马赛克。其他季节性图像的存在支持了这一观点,而动物出现的背景和展示顺序等因素可以以某种方式提出答案。这篇文章的目的是证明,无论何时在马赛克中描绘四只动物,都值得考虑它们是否具有季节性关联,同时要记住,并非所有情况都是如此。
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引用次数: 0
Ortigia’daki (Siraküza) Eski Via del Littorio’nun Kayıp Mozaiği Ortigia'daki(Siraküza)Eski Via del Littorio'un Kayıp Mozaiği
0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.26658/jmr.1143735
Dominique Maria Dİ CARO
Siraküza’nın (Syracuse) en eski yerleşim bölgesi, adanın merkezindeki Ortigia’da yer almaktadır ve burada 19. yüzyılda yapılan kazılarda mozaik zeminli ve dikkate değer opus sectileli lüks Roma evleri gün ışığına çıkarılmıştır. 1927-1928 yıllarında, Piazza Archimede’deki yeni Banco di Sicilia binasının inşası sırasında, bugünün Corso Matteotti’si olan Via del Littorio’ya tekabül eden daha kuzeydeki alana uzanan birkaç duvar ortaya çıkmıştır. 1934 ve 1936 yılları arasında, Via del Littorio ve civarındaki eski evlerin yıkılması çalışmaları sırasında, su kemerlerinin çeşitli bölümleri ve Roma evlerinin kalıntıları keşfedildi ve yaklaşık 10 m güneyde, Via Giusto Monaco (eski S. Cristoforo) ile kesişim noktasında, diğer duvar yapıları ve Venüs ve Cupid’i temsil eden bir embleması olan büyük bir polikrom mozaiğin (2 x 2 m) bir kısmı tespit edilerek “çok geç imparatorluk çağı”na tarihlendirilmiştir. Keşif sırasında, yayınlayanın bildirdiği gibi mozaik yerinden sökülmüştür, ancak şu anda tam yeri bilinmemektedir, envanterlerde kayıtlı değildir ve muhtemelen müzenin dış depolarından birinde olmalıdır. Burada, keşfeden kişi (Cultrera 1940) tarafından verilen ayrıntılara ve Soprintendenza BB.CC.AA. tarafından sağlanan grafik ve fotoğrafik materyalin analizine dayalı olarak mozaiğin yeni bir yorumu önerilmektedir.
锡拉库扎是该岛中东最古老的郊区,这里有19个。在几个世纪里,马赛克土地和珍贵的局部豪华作品暴露在日常罗马房屋的光线下。1927-1928年,在阿基米德广场建造新的西西里银行大楼期间,北部地区又修建了几堵墙,今天这里接受了科索·马泰奥蒂的利托里奥大街。1934年至1936年间,当试图拆除Via del Littorio和以前的房屋时,发现了水带的各个部分和其他罗马房屋,位于Via Giusto Monaco(前S.Cristoforo)以南约10米处,另一个墙壁结构是金星和丘比特的象征,已被确认为帝国晚期大型多色马赛克(2 x 2米)的一部分。在发现时,出版商已从马赛克现场获释,但目前她还不为人所知,没有记录在信封中,可能也没有记录在博物馆的一个外部商店中。在这里,马赛克的一个新评论,基于对被发现者提供的图形和摄影材料的分析(Cultrera 1940)。
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引用次数: 0
A Modern Hatay (Antiocheia) Mosaic: “Ortak Varoluş” (Co-Existence) - I 现代哈泰(安条克)马赛克:“Ortak Varoluş”(共存)-I
0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.26658/jmr.1143773
H. O. Tibikoğlu, Banu Özdilek
Hatay Expo 2021, with the subject of “The Garden of Civilizations” on the basis of botany, is a project that is planned and carried out with multi-dimensional outputs in the fields of culture; art; tourism-economy and agriculture-ecology. In the fair area, right behind the “Main Entrance” on west, a 45 m diameter circular square that will welcome the visitors was designed and it was decided to decorate this area with mosaics. In order to make reference to the quality and richness of the mosaic art, which is one of the areas of interest of Hatay people from the past to the present, it was decided to realize this design, which reflects the old and modern basic values of the city, in this large area of 1600 m2. This mosaic design, which we call “co-existence”, combines the old and new styles in this area as an original work that includes ancient symbolism and is largely figure-based. For the first time in its field, the design reflects the geographic and cultural values of the region with a historical depth supported by scientific knowledge. By combining the symbolism of art with the figurative iconographic expression style in ancient mosaic art, it reveals a unique figural design with a holistic story based on scientific reality. In addition to the value created by the visual effect of design alone in terms of urban culture, the story of the city it hosts will be conveyed to the visitors by various means, and the people will gain memory at the level of consciousness.
2021年哈泰世博会以植物学为基础,以“文明之园”为主题,是一个在文化领域规划和实施的多维度产出的项目;艺术旅游经济与农业生态。在博览会区域,就在西面的“主入口”后面,设计了一个直径45米的圆形广场,欢迎游客,并决定用马赛克装饰这个区域。为了参考马赛克艺术的质量和丰富性,这是哈泰人从过去到现在都感兴趣的领域之一,决定在这片1600平方米的大面积中实现这一体现城市古老和现代基本价值的设计。这种马赛克设计,我们称之为“共存”,将该地区的新旧风格结合在一起,成为一件原创作品,其中包含了古老的象征意义,并在很大程度上以人物为基础。该设计首次反映了该地区的地理和文化价值,并在科学知识的支持下具有历史深度。通过将艺术的象征性与古代镶嵌艺术中具象的图像表达风格相结合,揭示了一种基于科学现实的具有整体故事的独特人物设计。除了在城市文化方面仅凭设计的视觉效果所创造的价值外,它所承载的城市的故事将通过各种方式传达给游客,人们将在意识层面获得记忆。
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引用次数: 0
Entrevista con Luca Hugo Brucculeri 和卢卡·雨果·布鲁塞里一起创业
0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-11-28 DOI: 10.7238/m.n197.2201
Luca Hugo Brucculeri Brucculeri
Nací en Sicilia, una isla del sur de Italia, en el medio del Mediterráneo. Allí, en la ciudad griega de Agrigento, estudié primero Arte y después me gradué en Diseño Industrial en la Facultad de Arquitectura de Palermo, otra ciudad con un enorme patrimonio arquitectónico normando, árabe y bizantino. La verdad es que han sido lugares muy privilegiados, donde crecer y formarme, que sin duda han marcado mi forma de crear.
我出生在西西里岛,意大利南部地中海中部的一个岛屿。在那里,在希腊城市Agrigento,我首先学习艺术,然后毕业于巴勒莫建筑学院的工业设计专业,这是另一个拥有巨大的诺曼、阿拉伯和拜占庭建筑遗产的城市。事实是,它们是非常优越的地方,在那里我成长和形成,这无疑标志着我的创作方式。
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引用次数: 0
Entrevista amb Manel Vidal. Vull Aprendre
0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-11-24 DOI: 10.7238/m.n197.2204
M. Vidal
Et defineixes com a pare i mestre interessat en tecnologia, gestió de centre, teatre i jocs de taula. Parla’ns una mica de la teva formació i la teva experiència professional. Només fa un any que em defineixo com a pare. El naixement de l’Íria m’ha fet replantejar molts aspectes de la vida i considero que la paternitat ha de quedar sempre en primer pla i que t’ajuda a observar la vida des d’una perspectiva diferent.
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引用次数: 0
Entrevista amb María Jesús Salido
0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-11-21 DOI: 10.7238/m.n197.2205
María Jesús Salido
Amb 14 anys, em va fascinar l’emergent tecnologia digital i vaig començar a programar i formar-me. Des que vaig acabar els estudis l’any 1990, vaig estar a nombroses companyies tecnològiques, canviant de projectes i empreses durant vint anys. Per exemple, vaig treballar amb Gedas Iberia, filial de Volkswagen, o vaig ser directora de l’Oficina de Projectes de T-Systems a Madrid. Però, el 2010, vaig fer el pas a l’emprenedoria, vaig crear la consultoria The Project, dedicada a la transformació d’organitzacions i models de negoci en la nova societat digital. Dos anys més tard, vaig cofundar SocialDiabetes, una plataforma tecnològica per gestionar i controlar la malaltia.
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引用次数: 0
La ‘brecha de género’ en el ámbito STEAM, un reto social STEAM领域的“性别差距”是一个社会挑战
0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-11-17 DOI: 10.7238/m.n197.2203
R. Fernández
Me siento a escribir, por fin, este artículo sobre la brecha de género en el ámbito STEAM, y, para organizar un poco las ideas, me rodeo de apuntes, estadísticas y frases que he ido reuniendo durante varios días. Tengo varias ideas claras sobre el tema, pero… ¿por dónde empiezo? Puedo exponer los datos más actuales; o explicar, otra vez, en qué consiste; o, tal vez, ilustrar el tema con alguna anécdota personal… Pero al final, para abrir de alguna forma esta conversación, y romper la «maldición» de la hoja en blanco, comenzaré con una confesión: no me gusta la palabra brecha.
我终于坐下来写这篇关于STEAM领域性别差距的文章了,为了组织一些想法,我用了几天来收集的笔记、统计数据和短语包围自己。关于这个问题,我有几个明确的想法,但是……我该从哪里开始呢?我可以公开最新的数据;或者再次解释它是由什么组成的;或者,也许,用一些个人轶事来说明这个话题……但最后,为了以某种方式开启这场对话,打破白纸上的“诅咒”,我将以一个忏悔开始:我不喜欢“鸿沟”这个词。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Mosaic Research
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