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The Impact of Technology on English Literature and the Publishing Industry: An Evaluative Study 科技对英国文学和出版业的影响:一项评价研究
Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.17762/itii.v7i2.805
Shipra Joshi
The advent and development of technology has resulted in significant changes in the literary production, consumption and dissemination across the world. Various evaluative studies that analyze the progress of technological innovations in the backdrop of digital era emphasize the positive outcome that technological growth has caused on English literature as well as in the general literary ecosystem. These studies disclose how the popular digital innovative have influenced and inspired authors to embrace different writing approaches as well as explore diverse narratives in their literary careers. Apart from enhancing effectiveness and productivity of authors in the production of literature, technology has also made the whole process of publishing and accessibility easier with online platforms that offer self-publishing and apps that promote readers engagement. On the other hand, the technological advancement successfully distorted the conventional publishing methods to better ways that promote the marketing of literature and encourage discussions and debates on literary works. The intersection of literature, publishing and digital innovations rises scope of studying ways of how technology have impacted the literary sphere and further help explore methods of incorporating new domains of technology in improving the same.
科技的出现和发展使世界各地的文学生产、消费和传播发生了重大变化。各种分析数字时代背景下技术创新进程的评价性研究都强调了技术发展对英国文学乃至整个文学生态系统的积极影响。这些研究揭示了流行的数字创新如何影响和激励作者在文学生涯中采用不同的写作方法,探索不同的叙事。除了提高作者在文学创作中的效率和生产力外,科技还通过提供自助出版的在线平台和促进读者参与的应用程序,使整个出版过程和可访问性变得更加容易。另一方面,技术进步成功地将传统的出版方式扭曲为更好地促进文学营销和鼓励对文学作品的讨论和辩论的方式。文学、出版和数字创新的交集扩大了研究技术如何影响文学领域的范围,并进一步帮助探索将新技术领域纳入改进文学领域的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Preparing Herbal Formulations through Indigenous and Modern Methods: An Experimental Study 乡土与现代方法制备中药制剂的实验研究
Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.17762/itii.v7i2.807
Shatakshi Lall
Traditional medicines can treat many problems because they are based on natural treatments. Because of their historical applications and useful treatments, numerous of these conventional medications have been the subject of extensive pharmacological research of their antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory effects. Natural resources are frequently used as a primary or secondary source by academics and pharmaceutical corporations when developing new drugs. A wide variety of plants have long been used as a source of traditional medicine by people in many different cultures. Numerous research have examined the possible antibacterial and antiviral properties of these plants. Since there are so many different kinds of natural sources, including plants, choose the proper one as a starting point is crucial for accurate screening results. Due to their, “effectiveness in treating diseases and lower risk of side effects than synthetic treatments, the usage of plant-based medications has significantly expanded in the modern world. The current study was aimed to confirm the identity, quality and purity of some locally available potential medicinal plants such as Drymaria cordata (whole plant), Alstonia scholaris (bark), Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides (whole plant), Centella asiatica (whole plant), Senna hirsuta (leaf), Oroxylum indicum (bark), Senna occidentalis (leaf), Stephania japonica (tuber) and Solanum indicum (root) in powdered form”. The powdered plant components underwent preliminary phytochemical analysis as well as pharmacognostic tests, physical evaluation and heavy metal analysis. Initial phytochemical study of the various extracts indicated that triterpenoids were absent, but alkaloids, phenolics, carbohydrates and amino acids were present. The powder was studied under a microscope to reveal its, “distinguishing characteristics, including calcium oxalate crystals, fibres, stone cells, trichomes, stomata, xylem vessels, pitted spiral vessels, etc. The colour, smell, fragrance, and texture of the ground plant were all acceptable. The physical characteristics that affect the flow rate of the powder with respect to Carr's index and Hausner's ratio were found to be good to passable, with the exception of Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides (the complete plant) and Oroxylum indicum (bark), which were not easily passable. During the heavy metal test, lead, cadmium, and bismuth were not found. As a result, the current study may be utilised as a benchmark reference for the quality control analysis of the herbal medicine, either alone or in combination”.
传统药物可以治疗许多问题,因为它们是基于自然疗法。由于它们的历史应用和有用的治疗方法,许多这些传统药物已经成为广泛的抗菌、抗病毒和抗炎作用药理学研究的主题。自然资源经常被学术界和制药公司用作开发新药的主要或次要来源。长期以来,各种各样的植物被许多不同文化的人们用作传统药物的来源。许多研究已经检验了这些植物可能的抗菌和抗病毒特性。由于包括植物在内的天然来源种类繁多,因此选择合适的来源作为起点对于准确筛选结果至关重要。由于它们在治疗疾病方面的有效性和比合成治疗更低的副作用风险,植物性药物的使用在现代世界大大扩大。本研究旨在确定一些当地可开发的潜在药用植物的身份、质量和纯度,如:雪莲(全株)、雪莲(树皮)、西莨菪(全株)、亚洲Centella(全株)、塞纳(叶)、Oroxylum indicum(树皮)、 & # x0D;西番泻(叶),金蒜花(块茎)和龙葵(根)粉末状”。& # x0D;粉末状植物成分经过初步的植物化学分析、生药学试验、物理评价和重金属分析。各种提取物的初步植物化学研究表明,不含三萜,但存在生物碱、酚类物质、碳水化合物和氨基酸。在显微镜下对粉末进行了研究,以揭示其“显著特征”,包括草酸钙晶体、纤维、石细胞、毛状体、气孔、木质部血管、凹点螺旋血管等。地面植物的颜色、气味、香味和质地都是可以接受的。影响粉末流动速率的卡尔指数和豪斯纳比的物理特性均为好至可通过,但不容易通过的是西thorpioides(完整植株)和Oroxylum indicum(树皮)。在重金属测试中,没有发现铅、镉和铋。因此,本研究可作为单用或联用中药质量控制分析的基准参考。”
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 The powdered plant components underwent preliminary phytochemical analysis as well as pharmacognostic tests, physical evaluation and heavy metal analysis. Initial phytochemical study of the various extracts indicated that triterpenoids were absent, but alkaloids, phenolics, carbohydrates and amino acids were present. The powder was studied under a microscope to reveal its, “distinguishing characteristics, including calcium oxalate crystals, fibres, stone cells, trichomes, stomata, xylem vessels, pitted spiral vessels, etc. The colour, smell, fragrance, and texture of the ground plant were all acceptable. The physical characteristics that affect the flow rate of the powder with respect to Carr's index and Hausner's ratio were found to be good to passable, with the exception of Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides (the complete plant) and Oroxylum indicum (bark), which were not easily passable. During the heavy metal test, lead, cadmium, and bismuth were not found. As a result, the current study may be utilised as a benchmark reference for the quality control analysis of the herbal medicine, either alone or in combination”.","PeriodicalId":40759,"journal":{"name":"Information Technology in Industry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135090753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Use of Computer Designing for Architectural Infrastructures in Different Terrain 计算机在不同地形建筑基础设施设计中的应用
Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.17762/itii.v7i2.806
Sanjay Painuly
The use of CAD in architectural practice and education has drawn fierce criticism in recent years, according to literature. The mental efficacy of modern students in institutions and, primarily, practicing architects was thought to be negatively impacted. Contrary to the prevalent practice of using Computer-Aided Design (CAD) in the design process, the earlier method of drafting was positioned favorably. This study is a moralist polemicist against broad generalizations like that. Before proposing a curative remedy, it aims to assess the viability of the goals of previous literature. In that respect, the objective goal of this study is to analyze and contrast quantitatively the advantages and drawbacks of using computer-aided design (CAD) vs conventional approaches in architectural practice and education. Secondarily, it seeks to vehemently amplify whether computer-aided design (CAD) use should be continued or discontinued based on an analysis of identified CAD users. Therefore, a variety of interdependent schemata were developed to organize the scope's boundaries in order to achieve the full phenomena of this expansive aim. The methodology sold follows the quantitative paradigm. From the viewpoint of experts, secondary data for the theoretical framework was gathered through databases, books, and journals.
根据文献,近年来,CAD在建筑实践和教育中的使用引起了激烈的批评。现代学生的心理效能,主要是执业建筑师,被认为是负面影响。与在设计过程中使用计算机辅助设计(CAD)的普遍做法相反,早期的绘图方法处于有利地位。这项研究是一个道德辩论家,反对那样的广泛概括。在提出治疗性补救措施之前,其目的是评估以前文献目标的可行性。在这方面,本研究的客观目标是定量地分析和对比在建筑实践和教育中使用计算机辅助设计(CAD)与传统方法的优缺点。其次,它试图根据对已识别的CAD用户的分析,强烈地放大计算机辅助设计(CAD)的使用是否应该继续或停止。因此,各种相互依存的图式被开发出来组织范围的边界,以实现这一扩展目标的全部现象。所出售的方法论遵循定量范式。从专家的角度来看,理论框架的辅助数据是通过数据库、书籍和期刊收集的。
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引用次数: 0
A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF ENERGY-BASED ROUTING STRATEGIES FOR INTERNET OF THINGS 基于能量的物联网路由策略综述
Pub Date : 2021-04-13 DOI: 10.17762/ITII.V9I2.449
M. Srinivasulu
IoT is the acronym for Internet of Things acronym. At present IoT is a buzzword amongst academia, research and industry communities. Everything surrounded by us have developed abilities to communicate via the medium of internet. The Routing information plays a vital role in establishing communication between nodes in the space of IoT. Maximum energy of such connected nodes is consumed in the process of routing the packets. In this context optimizing the network lifetime with minimal energy consumption becomes important for efficient implementation of IoT infrastructure. This literature review is has the objective to identify the limitations existing in improving the network usability and thus enhance the network lifetime. The focus of this review is to consider various parameters like Quality of Service (QoS), efficient node deployment techniques, Network lifetime for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). A comprehensive and systematic study of Routing challenges encountered in an IoT network is accomplished. Further the performance of various energy routing protocols are studied.
IoT是物联网的缩写。目前,物联网是学术界、研究界和工业界的热门词汇。我们周围的一切都发展了通过互联网媒介进行交流的能力。路由信息对于建立物联网空间中节点间的通信起着至关重要的作用。这些连接节点在路由报文的过程中消耗了最大的能量。在这种情况下,以最小的能耗优化网络生命周期对于有效实施物联网基础设施变得非常重要。这篇文献综述的目的是确定在提高网络可用性从而提高网络寿命方面存在的限制。本综述的重点是考虑各种参数,如服务质量(QoS),高效节点部署技术,无线传感器网络(WSN)的网络生命周期。完成了对物联网网络中遇到的路由挑战的全面系统研究。进一步研究了各种能量路由协议的性能。
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引用次数: 0
Area and Power Efficient Fused Floating-point Dot Product Unit based on Radix-2r Multiplier & Pipeline Feedforward-Cutset-Free Carry-Lookahead Adder 基于基数-2r乘法器和管道前馈-无截距前瞻加法器的面积和功耗高效融合浮点点积单元
Pub Date : 2021-04-02 DOI: 10.17762/ITII.V9I2.411
M. M. Babu, K. R. Naidu
Fused floating point operations play a major role in many DSP applications to reduce operational area & power consumption. Radix-2r multiplier (using 7-bit encoder technique) & pipeline feedforward-cutset-free carry-lookahead  adder(PFCF-CLA) are used to enhance the traditional FDP unit. Pipeline concept is also infused into system to get the desired pipeline fused floating-point dot product (PFFDP) operations. Synthesis results are obtained using 60nm standard library with 1GHz clock. Power consumption of single & double precision operations are 2.24mW & 3.67mW respectively. The die areas are 27.48 mm2 , 46.72mm2 with an execution time of 1.91 ns , 2.07 ns for a single & double precision operations respectively. Comparison with previous data has also been performed. The area-delay product(ADP) & power-delay product(PDP) of our proposed architecture are 18%,22% & 27%,18% for single and double precision operations respectively.
融合浮点运算在许多DSP应用中发挥着重要作用,以减少运算面积和功耗。采用Radix-2r乘法器(采用7位编码器技术)和流水线前馈无截割进位前置加法器(PFCF-CLA)来增强传统的FDP单元。在系统中引入流水线概念,得到所需的流水线融合浮点点积(PFFDP)运算。采用60nm标准库和1GHz时钟获得合成结果。单精度和双精度运行的功耗分别为2.24mW和3.67mW。模具面积分别为27.48 mm2、46.72mm2,单、双精度运算的执行时间分别为1.91 ns、2.07 ns。并与以往数据进行了比较。该架构的面积延迟积(ADP)和功率延迟积(PDP)在单精度和双精度运算中分别为18%,22%和27%,18%。
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引用次数: 0
POTENTIAL ANALYSIS OF ADDITIVE LAYER MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGIES USED FOR PROCESSING POLYMER COMPONENTS 用于加工聚合物部件的增材层制造技术的潜力分析
Pub Date : 2021-03-25 DOI: 10.17762/ITII.V9I2.359
Rohit Pandey
In previous years, the usage of additive layer processing grew considerably. Different companies, including motor cars, aerospace, equipment, communications and medical devices utilize additional layer production. However, at present, processed additive layer products comprise less than one percent of all items manufactured. If the prices of additive layer processing systems decline, the manner in which customers communicate with suppliers will be modified. Additional development layer innovations provide the market and culture with different possibilities. It will make the personalized development of strong lightweight goods simpler, and prototypes that with past manufacturing techniques were not feasible. However, the application of this device may be hampered and delayed by numerous obstacles. Many situations require higher costs than conventional approaches for making a component utilizing additive layer production techniques. This study reviews the cost literature for the development of additive layer and attempts to recognize situations in which additive production may be cost-effective and also to identify new methods of minimizing costs in the usage of this technology                       
在过去的几年里,添加剂层加工的使用增长相当大。不同的公司,包括汽车,航空航天,设备,通信和医疗设备利用额外的层生产。然而,目前,加工的添加剂层产品占所有制造产品的不到1%。如果增材层加工系统的价格下降,客户与供应商沟通的方式将会改变。额外的开发层创新为市场和文化提供了不同的可能性。它将使高强度轻量化产品的个性化开发变得更加简单,过去的制造技术无法实现的原型。然而,这种装置的应用可能会受到许多障碍的阻碍和延迟。在许多情况下,使用增材层生产技术制造组件需要比传统方法更高的成本。本研究回顾了增材层开发的成本文献,并试图识别增材生产可能具有成本效益的情况,并确定在使用该技术时最小化成本的新方法
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引用次数: 0
POTENTIAL INVESTIGATION AND ANALYTICAL MODELING OF ADDITIVE LAYER MANUFACTURING PROCESSES FOR METAL TOOLS COMPONENTS PRODUCTION 金属工具零件增材层制造工艺的潜力研究与分析建模
Pub Date : 2021-03-25 DOI: 10.17762/ITII.V9I2.360
Rohit Pandey
Current research into the development of additive layer costs shows that this technology is economical in producing small batches with ongoing centralized manufacture; however improved automation may contribute to cost efficiency in distributed manufacturing. Due to the difficulty of which additive production costs are calculated, the reach of the current studies is small. Many of today's studies analyze single-part development. Many that look at assemblies prefer not to look at the impact of the supply chain, such as inventory and shipping prices and lower probability of interruption. Analysis currently also shows that the expense of content is a significant part of the cost of a commodity made using additive layer. Technologies may, therefore, also be compatible, with two technologies being implemented side by side and advantages larger than if independently adopted. Growing usage of additive processing may contribute to a decrease in raw material costs through saving in scale. This could result in further implementation of additive layer processing through the decreased cost of the raw material. The expense of raw materials will often save on a scale if specific materials are more popular than a host of other materials. The production method for additive layers is still a significant cost driver, but this cost has decreased continuously. The average price dropped 51% between 2001 and 2011 after inflation changes
目前对增材层成本发展的研究表明,该技术在持续集中制造的小批量生产中是经济的;然而,改进的自动化可能有助于提高分布式制造的成本效率。由于增材制造成本的计算困难,目前的研究范围很小。今天的许多研究分析的是单部分发展。许多关注组装的人不愿关注供应链的影响,比如库存和运输价格,以及较低的中断概率。目前的分析还表明,使用添加层制造商品的成本中,内容费用占很大一部分。因此,技术也可以是兼容的,两种技术可以并行实现,并且比单独采用的优势更大。越来越多的使用添加剂加工可以通过节省规模来降低原材料成本。这可以通过降低原材料成本来进一步实施添加层加工。如果特定材料比其他材料更受欢迎,那么原材料的费用通常会在一定程度上节省。增材层的生产方法仍然是一个重要的成本驱动因素,但这一成本不断下降。2001年至2011年间,经过通胀调整后的平均价格下降了51%
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引用次数: 0
Info_PCA: A Hybrid Technique to Improve Accuracy by Dimensionality Reduction Info_PCA:一种通过降维提高准确率的混合技术
Pub Date : 2021-03-25 DOI: 10.17762/ITII.V9I2.370
Surabhi Lingwal
Principal Component Analysis and Shannon Entropy are some of the most widely used methods for feature extraction and selection. PCA reduces the data to a new subspace with low dimensions by calculating the eigenvectors from eigenvalues out of a covariance matrix and thereby reduces the features to a smaller number capturing the significant information. Shannon entropy is based on probability distribution to calculate the significant information content. Information gain shows the importance of a given attribute in the set of feature vectors. The paper has introduced a hybrid technique Info_PCA which captures the properties of Information gain and PCA that overall reduces the dimensionality and thereby increases the accuracy of the machine learning technique. It also demonstrates the individual implementation of Information gain for feature selection and PCA for dimensionality reduction on two different datasets collected from the UCI machine learning repository. One of the major aims is to determine the important attributes in a given set of training feature vectors to differentiate the classes. The paper has shown a comparative analysis on the classification accuracy obtained by the application of Information Gain, PCA and Info_PCA applied individually on the two different datasets for feature extraction followed by ANN classifier where the results of hybrid technique Info_PCA achieves maximum accuracy and minimum loss in comparison to other feature extraction techniques.
主成分分析和香农熵是一些最广泛使用的特征提取和选择方法。PCA通过协方差矩阵的特征值计算特征向量,将数据减少到一个新的低维子空间,从而将特征减少到更少的数量,从而捕获重要信息。香农熵是基于概率分布来计算有效信息含量。信息增益表示给定属性在特征向量集中的重要性。本文介绍了一种混合技术Info_PCA,它捕获了信息增益和PCA的特性,总体上降低了维数,从而提高了机器学习技术的准确性。它还演示了从UCI机器学习存储库中收集的两个不同数据集上用于特征选择的信息增益和用于降维的PCA的单独实现。其中一个主要目的是在给定的训练特征向量集中确定重要的属性来区分类别。本文对比分析了分别应用Information Gain、PCA和Info_PCA在两种不同的数据集上进行特征提取,再进行ANN分类器的分类精度,其中混合技术Info_PCA的结果与其他特征提取技术相比,准确率最高,损失最小。
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引用次数: 0
TFD: TELECOM FRAUD DETECTION USING CONSOLIDATED WEIGHTED REPUTATION ALGORITHM Tfd:基于合并加权信誉算法的电信欺诈检测
Pub Date : 2021-03-24 DOI: 10.17762/ITII.V9I2.325
J. Anbarasi, V. Radha
Noisy phone calls are aggravating and distracting, as well as frustrating. They may be classed as 'nuisance', 'emergency', 'random', and 'unsolicited' calls. Users have no inherent privileges on the internet; rather, their personalities are produced without any arrangement or evidence of involvement. It costs the U.S. communications company $8 billion per year to avoid call spam on the phone grid. Between January 2014 and June 2018, the FTC (Federal Trade Commission) received over 22 million reports of fraudulent and illegal telemarketing calls. Nowadays, the mobile network is used to issue automatic phone calls such as robocalls. Since it operates on text, we struggle with the following: What tactics and methods do we use to combat spam? Telephone TFD (Telecom Fraud Detection) here is discussed first. Concerning spam, we advanced our proposal by proposing a targeted traffic detection using a single weighted credibility algorithm with appropriate weighting criteria.
嘈杂的电话会让人恼火、分心,也会让人沮丧。这些电话可分为“滋扰电话”、“紧急电话”、“随机电话”和“非应邀电话”。用户在互联网上没有固有的特权;相反,他们的个性是在没有任何安排或参与证据的情况下产生的。为了避免电话网络上的垃圾电话,美国通信公司每年要花费80亿美元。2014年1月至2018年6月,美国联邦贸易委员会共收到2200多万起欺诈和非法电话营销举报。现在,移动网络被用来发出自动电话,如机器人电话。由于它是在文本上操作的,我们在以下方面遇到了困难:我们使用什么策略和方法来打击垃圾邮件?这里首先讨论电话TFD(电信欺诈检测)。对于垃圾邮件,我们提出了一种针对性的流量检测方法,该方法使用具有适当加权标准的单一加权可信度算法。
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引用次数: 0
NDVI COMPUTATION OF LISS III IMAGES USING QGIS 利用qgis计算liss图像的Ndvi
Pub Date : 2021-03-19 DOI: 10.17762/ITII.V9I1.291
Vijayalakshmi, D. Kumar, S. Kumar, P. Thejaswini
Feature Selection and Extraction is a very significant and mandatory part in the domain of image processing. After the relevant preprocessing operations, the relevant features have to be extracted using suitable algorithms. In multispectral imagery, the features are identified and extracted  based on the applications and objectives of the analysis such as color, texture, brightness, intensity etc. Some of the prominent algorithms used for feature extraction are mean shift algorithm, Principal Component transformation, Wavelet based Transformation, Local Binary Patterns etc. Texture based feature detection and extraction is the most prominent method adopted which involves multispectral images.  With respect to hyperspectral images, dimensionality is a critical issue to be dealt appropriately.
特征选择与提取是图像处理领域中一个非常重要和必不可少的部分。经过相关的预处理操作后,需要使用合适的算法提取相关的特征。在多光谱图像中,根据分析的用途和目标,如颜色、纹理、亮度、强度等特征进行识别和提取。用于特征提取的主要算法有均值移位算法、主成分变换、小波变换、局部二值模式等。基于纹理的特征检测与提取是目前采用的最主要的方法,它涉及到多光谱图像。对于高光谱图像,维数是一个需要适当处理的关键问题。
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引用次数: 0
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Information Technology in Industry
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