Forensic Imaging最新文献

英文中文

Automated volumetric estimation of six basic thoracic and abdominal organs in postmortem computed tomography data using deep learning techniques 使用深度学习技术对死后计算机断层扫描数据中六个基本胸腹器官的自动体积估计

IF 0.8 Q4 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING

Forensic Imaging

Pub Date : 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.fri.2025.200642

Joël Fehr , Astrid Kurmann , Philippe Handschin , Ampanozi Garyfalia , Sabine Franckenberg , Raffael Golomingi , Till Sieberth , Lars C. Ebert , Akos Dobay

Purpose

Computed tomography (CT) has become a widely adopted and standard procedure as an adjunct to autopsies in numerous countries. However, owing to the high number of cases and the limited availability of skilled practitioners, the need to streamline the diagnostic process has spurred the advancement of automated solutions. These solutions leverage deep learning methodologies to potentially automate diagnoses by analyzing postmortem CT data. Here, we show how deep learning techniques enable segmentation and volume evaluation to be concurrently performed for six basic thoracic and abdominal organs in postmortem CT data: the heart, lungs, liver, spleen, kidneys, and urinary bladder. Based on these automated volumetric estimations we automatically derived the weight of the heart, lungs, liver, spleen, and kidneys.

Methods

We developed a convolutional neural network tailored for conducting volumetric data segmentation in postmortem computed tomography images based on the U-Net architecture.

Results

Our best model achieved an overall Dice score (F₁ score) of 0.907±0.029. The heart, lung, and liver yielded higher scores than did the spleen, kidneys, and urinary bladder. We also automated the weight calculation of the heart, lungs, liver, spleen, and kidneys.

Conclusion

Our study demonstrated that a convolution neural network such as U-Net could reliably estimate concurrently the volumes of six basic thoracic and abdominal organs from postmortem CT data. Our study also shows how this information can be subsequently used to automatically estimate their weight. However, post- and perimortem changes pose substantial challenges for automatically processing postmortem CT data.

在许多国家，计算机断层扫描（CT）已成为一种广泛采用的标准程序，作为尸检的辅助手段。然而，由于病例数量多，技术熟练的从业人员有限，简化诊断过程的需要促使了自动化解决方案的发展。这些解决方案利用深度学习方法，通过分析死后CT数据来自动诊断。在这里，我们展示了深度学习技术如何能够同时对死后CT数据中的六个基本胸部和腹部器官（心脏、肺、肝脏、脾脏、肾脏和膀胱）进行分割和体积评估。基于这些自动的体积估计，我们自动得出了心脏、肺、肝、脾和肾的重量。方法基于U-Net架构开发了一种卷积神经网络，用于对尸体计算机断层扫描图像进行体积数据分割。结果最佳模型的Dice总分（F1分）为0.907±0.029。心脏、肺和肝脏的得分高于脾脏、肾脏和膀胱。我们还自动计算了心脏、肺、肝脏、脾脏和肾脏的重量。结论基于U-Net的卷积神经网络可以可靠地从死后CT数据中同时估计六个基本胸腹器官的体积。我们的研究还显示了如何利用这些信息来自动估计他们的体重。然而，死后和死前的变化对自动处理死后CT数据提出了实质性的挑战。

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引用次数: 0

ISFRI guidelines working group: Best practice standards for non-contrast postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) of overdose ISFRI指南工作组：过量非对比死后计算机断层扫描（PMCT）的最佳实践标准

IF 0.8 Q4 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING

Forensic Imaging

Pub Date : 2025-06-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.fri.2025.200633

Jamie Elifritz , Micillo Andrea , Fabrice Dedouit , Laura Filograna

引用次数: 0

The sternum as a key to identity: enhancing biological profiling in forensic science 胸骨作为鉴定的关键：加强法医科学中的生物侧写

IF 0.8 Q4 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING

Forensic Imaging

Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.fri.2025.200640

Sushobhita Singh , Pallavi Kumari , Tejasvi Pandey

Purpose

Forensic anthropometry focuses on the precise measurement and analysis of human skeletal elements, which is crucial for constructing biological profiles in forensic investigations. This examination specifically looks at the forensic applications of the sternum, concentrating on its role in estimating sex, stature, and age.

Method

The review emphasizes the importance of the combined length of the manubrium and sternal body for accurate estimations of sex and stature, particularly in challenging cases. It explores age estimation based on morphological changes and ossification patterns, noting promising results from some studies. The examination also discusses the integration of digital tools such as 3D imaging and advanced morphometric software to enhance the precision and reliability of sternum-based analyses.

Results

The review highlights the sternum’s benefits for estimating sex and stature, as well as the potential for age estimation. Despite the recognized advantages, it points out gaps in the current research, particularly the lack of studies on ancestry estimation.

Conclusion

The review offers a thorough overview of the sternum’s forensic value and calls for ongoing research to improve accuracy and broaden its application. It underscores the evolving importance of forensic anthropometry, emphasizing how technological advancements are revolutionizing the analysis of skeletal remains and expanding the capabilities of forensic investigators. The findings highlight the necessity of continued research and innovation in refining sternum-based identification methods for forensic and anthropological applications.

目的法医人体测量学侧重于人体骨骼元素的精确测量和分析，这对于法医调查中构建生物图谱至关重要。这次检查特别关注胸骨的法医应用，集中在它在估计性别、身材和年龄方面的作用。方法本综述强调胸骨柄和胸骨体的长度对于准确估计性别和身高的重要性，特别是在具有挑战性的病例中。它探讨了基于形态变化和骨化模式的年龄估计，注意到一些研究的有希望的结果。研究还讨论了数字工具的集成，如3D成像和先进的形态测量软件，以提高胸骨分析的精度和可靠性。结果该综述强调了胸骨在估计性别和身高方面的益处，以及估计年龄的潜力。尽管具有公认的优势，但它指出了当前研究中的差距，特别是缺乏对祖先估计的研究。结论本文综述了胸骨的法医学价值，并呼吁进一步研究以提高准确性和扩大其应用范围。它强调了法医人体测量学不断发展的重要性，强调了技术进步如何彻底改变了骨骼遗骸的分析，并扩大了法医调查员的能力。研究结果强调了继续研究和创新的必要性，以改进法医和人类学应用的基于胸骨的鉴定方法。

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引用次数: 0

Fortuitous discovery of a metallic foreign body on post-mortem CT scan: bullet or not bullet? 在死后CT扫描中意外发现金属异物：子弹还是不是子弹？

IF 0.8 Q4 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING

Forensic Imaging

Pub Date : 2025-06-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.fri.2025.200641

E. Pefferkorn , L. Pestourie , F. Savall , N. Telmon , F. Dedouit , C. Guilbeau-Frugier

In the expanding field of post-mortem imaging, post-mortem computed tomography (PMCT) has emerged as an essential tool for forensic pathologists. It is particularly valuable for detecting and accurately localizing metallic foreign bodies, thereby assisting the forensic pathologist during the autopsy. This study presents a case of an accidental finding of a foreign body during a PMCT, initially misinterpreted as a potential ballistic foreign body by the forensic pathologist who had quickly reviewed the scan prior to the autopsy, due to its metallic appearance and the victim’s history of involvement in armed conflicts. The forensic pathologist, unaware of a miniaturized pacemaker, specifically a Transcatheter Pacing System (TPS), initially suspected a cardiac bullet but ruled this out upon autopsy, as there were no signs of trauma or cutaneous entry wounds and the discovery of the TPS. Advanced processing techniques allowed the identification of the characteristic anchoring tines of the TPS, confirming its nature and distinguishing it from a bullet. This highlights the importance of precise post-mortem images’ interpretation.

在不断扩大的尸体成像领域，尸体计算机断层扫描（PMCT）已经成为法医病理学家的重要工具。它对于检测和准确定位金属异物特别有价值，从而协助法医病理学家进行尸检。本研究提出了一个在PMCT中意外发现异物的案例，由于其金属外观和受害者参与武装冲突的历史，法医病理学家在尸检前迅速审查了扫描结果，最初将其误认为是潜在的弹道异物。法医病理学家不知道微型起搏器，特别是经导管起搏系统（TPS），最初怀疑是心脏子弹，但在尸检中排除了这种可能性，因为没有外伤或皮肤进入伤口的迹象，也没有发现TPS。先进的处理技术可以识别出TPS的特征锚定时间，确认其性质并将其与子弹区分开来。这突出了精确的尸检图像解释的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Forensic age estimation of the knee and clavicle using post-mortem CT 用死后CT对膝关节和锁骨的法医年龄估计

IF 0.8 Q4 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING

Forensic Imaging

Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.fri.2025.200638

Apameh Khatam-Lashgari , Sara Tangmose Larsen , Mette Lønstrup Harving , Niels Lynnerup , Chiara Villa

Age is crucial for constructing a biological profile to match data from missing persons in Disaster Victim Identification (DVI). For adolescents and young adults, methods often rely on bone end closures. Post-mortem computed tomography (PMCT) is a reliable tool for forensic age estimation in DVI cases. This study aimed to develop reference material for estimating the age of deceased adolescents and young adults using PMCT of the knee and clavicle in a Danish population. Results from the knee and clavicle were compared, and decision trees were created for final age estimates based on various bone combinations. The study included 221 individuals (57 females, 164 males) aged 10-25 years who underwent PMCT before medico-legal autopsy. Using the staging method by Schmeling et al. and Kellinghaus et al. ossification in the distal femoral, proximal tibial, proximal fibular, and medial clavicular epiphyses were evaluated. Large age intervals were observed for all bone stages, except for the earliest and latest clavicle stages. The clavicle stage distribution correlated well with chronological age, and reference values were consistent with previous studies. Individuals of younger age exhibited higher knee-bone stages than clavicle stages. Decision trees indicated that age intervals could be narrowed by combining clavicle stages with femur and fibula stages, though caution is required when intervals are too narrow. This study provides reference material for forensic age estimation in adolescents and young adults using PMCT of the knee and clavicle, relevant in DVI cases where limited body parts are available for analysis.

在灾害受害者身份识别（DVI）中，年龄对于构建与失踪人员数据相匹配的生物概况至关重要。对于青少年和年轻人，方法通常依赖于骨端闭合。死后计算机断层扫描（PMCT）是一个可靠的工具，法医年龄估计在DVI的情况下。本研究旨在为丹麦人群中使用膝关节和锁骨PMCT估计死亡青少年和年轻人的年龄提供参考资料。对膝关节和锁骨的结果进行比较，并根据不同的骨骼组合创建决策树以进行最终年龄估计。该研究包括221名10-25岁的个体（57名女性，164名男性），他们在法医尸检前接受了PMCT。采用Schmeling等人和Kellinghaus等人的分期方法，评估股骨远端、胫骨近端、腓骨近端和锁骨内侧骨骺的骨化情况。除了最早和最晚的锁骨期外，所有骨期的年龄间隔都很大。锁骨分期分布与实足年龄相关性较好，参考值与前人研究一致。年轻个体的膝骨阶段高于锁骨阶段。决策树显示年龄间隔可以通过结合锁骨分期与股骨和腓骨分期来缩小，但当间隔太窄时需要谨慎。本研究为使用膝关节和锁骨PMCT估计青少年和年轻人的法医年龄提供了参考资料，这与DVI病例中可用于分析的身体部位有限有关。

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引用次数: 0

ISFRI guidelines working group: best practice standards for non-contrast postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) of adults ISFRI指南工作组：成人非对比死后计算机断层扫描（PMCT）的最佳实践标准

IF 0.8 Q4 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING

Forensic Imaging

Pub Date : 2025-05-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.fri.2025.200632

Jamie Elifritz , Chris O’Donnell , Garyfalia Ampanozi , Thomas Ruder , Lenetta Boyce , Natasha Davendralingam , Maarja Mölder , Laura Filograna , ISFRI Guideline Working Group

引用次数: 0

ISFRI Guidelines Working Group: best practice standards for non-contrast postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) of gunshot wound deaths ISFRI指南工作组：枪伤死亡的非对比死后计算机断层扫描（PMCT）最佳实践标准

IF 0.8 Q4 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING

Forensic Imaging

Pub Date : 2025-05-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.fri.2025.200631

Jamie Elifritz , Fabrice Dedouit , Fox Marttinen , Laura Filograna

引用次数: 0

ISFRI guidelines working group: Best practice standards for non-contrast postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) investigations of medical treatment and in-hospital deaths ISFRI指南工作组：医疗和院内死亡的非对比死后计算机断层扫描（PMCT）调查的最佳实践标准

IF 0.8 Q4 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING

Forensic Imaging

Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.fri.2025.200634

Natasha Davendralingam , Ludo Beenen , Jamie Elifritz , Yohsuke Makino , Laura Filograna , ISFRI Guideline Working Group

引用次数: 0

Unlocking sexual dimorphism: geometric morphometrics analysis of the Atlas (C1) bone in Malaysian populations 解开两性二态性：马来西亚人群阿特拉斯（C1）骨的几何形态计量学分析

IF 0.8 Q4 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING

Forensic Imaging

Pub Date : 2025-04-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.fri.2025.200637

Muhammad Faiz Mohd Fauad , Aspalilah Alias , Ker Woon Choy , Helmi Mohd Hadi Pritam , Eric Chung , Arofi Kurniawan , Khalid Ayidh Alqahtani

Sexual identification is the most crucial step in the forensic anthropology field. Traditional morphometric techniques, involving caliper-based measurements, are often labor-intensive and time-consuming. In contrast, the geometric morphometric method (GMM) offers a more efficient approach, integrating qualitative and quantitative assessments of biological forms based on precise geometric characterizations of their shape. This study aimed to assess sexual dimorphism of the Atlas (C1) bone on lateral cervical radiographs using GMM. A cross-sectional design was employed, utilizinglateral cervical radiographs from a sample of 413 individuals, including 208 males and 205 females, age ranged between 35 and 45 years old. Six 2D landmarks were identified and marked on the digitalized radiographs using TPSDig2 (Version 2.31) software. GMM analysis conducted by MorphoJ software. Eight principal components (PC) accounted for 100 % of the shape variability produced. Procrustes ANOVA showed that centroid size and shape were significantly different between different sexes. Discriminant function analysis (DFA) revealed a correct classification rate for 87.9 % of cases, with an identification accuracy of 87.0 % for males and 88.8 % for females. There were significant differences among males and females in the height of the C1 vertebral body with p < 0.05 via independent t-test. In conclusion, there was a significant sexual dimorphism of the C1 vertebra by GMM, which could serve as an alternative method in physical anthropology and forensic medicine.

性别鉴定是法医人类学领域最关键的一步。传统的形态测量技术，包括基于卡尺的测量，通常是劳动密集型和耗时的。相比之下，几何形态测量法（GMM）提供了一种更有效的方法，基于生物形态的精确几何特征，将生物形态的定性和定量评估整合在一起。本研究旨在利用GMM评估颈椎侧位片上寰椎（C1）骨的性别二态性。采用横断面设计，利用413人的侧位颈椎x线片样本，包括208名男性和205名女性，年龄在35至45岁之间。使用TPSDig2 （Version 2.31）软件在数字化x线片上识别并标记6个二维地标。采用MorphoJ软件进行GMM分析。8个主成分（PC）占产生的形状变异性的100%。Procrustes方差分析显示，不同性别间质心大小和形状存在显著差异。判别函数分析（Discriminant function analysis， DFA）的分类正确率为87.9%，其中男性的识别正确率为87.0%，女性为88.8%。男性和女性在C1椎体高度p <上有显著差异；经独立t检验0.05。综上所述，GMM对C1椎体有明显的性别二态性，可作为体质人类学和法医学的替代方法。

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White paper by the international society of forensic imaging guidelines working group on non-contrast PMCT for SCUBA-related fatalities 国际社会法医成像指南工作组关于非对比PMCT用于水肺相关死亡的白皮书

IF 0.8 Q4 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING

Forensic Imaging

Pub Date : 2025-04-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.fri.2025.200636

Chris O’Donnell , Jamie Elifritz , Laura Filograna

引用次数: 0

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