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Tributary Activities of Vietnam and Korea with China: Similarities and Differences 越南、朝鲜与中国的朝贡活动:异同
IF 0.2 Q2 HISTORY Pub Date : 2021-02-28 DOI: 10.22372/IJKH.2021.26.1.117
N. Hanh
Although Korea is in Northeast Asia and Vietnam is in Southeast Asia, due to similarities in historical circumstances and being deeply influenced by Chinese civilization, the two countries share many similarities. Foremost among these similarities is the diplomatic aspect, which most clearly reflects the close relationship between geopolitics and behavior with the outside world. If East Asian modern history (including Vietnam and Korea) is the history of relations with the West, then East Asian premodern history is the history of relations with China. Therefore, comparing the Chinese tributary activities of Korea with the diplomacy of Vietnam in the medieval period not only shows similarities and differences in diplomacy between the two countries but also helps to determine the position and behavior of Vietnam and Korea with China as the center of the East Asian regional order at that time.
虽然朝鲜在东北亚,越南在东南亚,但由于历史环境的相似性和深受中华文明的影响,两国有许多相似之处。这些相似之处中最重要的是外交方面,这最清楚地反映了地缘政治和对外行为之间的密切关系。如果说东亚近代史(包括越南和韩国)是与西方的关系史,那么东亚前现代史就是与中国的关系史。因此,将朝鲜的中国朝贡活动与越南中世纪的外交进行比较,不仅可以看出两国外交的异同,而且有助于确定当时以中国为中心的越南和朝鲜在东亚地区秩序中的地位和行为。
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引用次数: 4
Origins of the North Korean Garrison State: The People’s Army and the Korean War. By Youngjun Kim. New York: Routledge, 2018. xxii, 248 p [ISBN: 9781137842157] 朝鲜卫戍国的起源:人民军队与朝鲜战争。作者:金永俊。纽约:劳特利奇,2018。xxii,248页[国际标准书号:9781137842157]
IF 0.2 Q2 HISTORY Pub Date : 2021-02-28 DOI: 10.22372/IJKH.2021.26.1.287
Tomer Nisimov
The Korean War (1950-1953) is generally seen as the first major clash of the global Cold War, and as such, it has received broad attention in scholarly circles. Its military and political aspects – mainly those involving the three powers, the USA, the USSR, and China – have been well covered in scholarship throughout the decades. Yet only since the last decade of the twentieth century, thanks to the end of the Cold War, the declassifying of archival materials in Russia, and the growing of attention and treatment by scholars from China, the field has gained new insights and perspectives about this civil war that had quickly escalated into a global war. Although the crucial role of China in that war received the important attention of works in recent years thus enhancing the role of the powers of that time, ironically, the Korean bellicose sides have been predominantly perceived and treated as minor players. Bruce Cuming’s classic two volume work about the Korean War (The Origins of the Korean War) set an important course in the scholarship for uncovering local and broader aspects. In this sense, Kim Youngjun has succeeded not only in
朝鲜战争(1950-1953)通常被视为全球冷战的第一次重大冲突,因此受到学术界的广泛关注。它的军事和政治方面——主要是涉及美国、苏联和中国这三个大国的方面——几十年来一直被学术界广泛报道。然而,直到20世纪最后十年以来,由于冷战的结束、俄罗斯档案材料的解密以及中国学者越来越多的关注和对待,该领域才对这场迅速升级为全球战争的内战有了新的见解和视角。尽管中国在那场战争中的关键作用近年来受到了著作的重视,从而增强了当时大国的作用,但具有讽刺意味的是,朝鲜好战的一方主要被视为次要角色。Bruce Cuming关于朝鲜战争的两卷本经典著作《朝鲜战争的起源》为揭示地方和更广泛的方面奠定了学术界的重要基础。从这个意义上说,金不仅在
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引用次数: 0
Beyond Frontiers and Borderlands: A Reexamination of Tsushima’s/Taema-Do’s Geopolitical Position in Fifteenth Century East Asia 超越国界——对15世纪东亚对马/太马岛地缘政治地位的再审视
IF 0.2 Q2 HISTORY Pub Date : 2021-02-28 DOI: 10.22372/IJKH.2021.26.1.67
I. C. Tan
In January 2017, a five-year long dispute over the repatriation of a bronze Buddhist statue that was reportedly stolen from a Buddhist temple in the fishing hamlet of Kozuna, Tsushima, came to a close. Based on historical documents in Buseoksa Temple, the South Korean court ruled that the stolen statue should remain in the possession of the Korean temple as it had been taken by Japanese pirates several centuries earlier.
2017年1月,据报道,一尊青铜佛像在对马小津那的一座佛教寺庙被盗,长达五年的遣返纠纷就此结束。根据Buseoksa寺庙的历史文件,韩国法院裁定,被盗雕像应归韩国寺庙所有,因为它在几个世纪前就被日本海盗拿走了。
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引用次数: 0
Ascending to the Imperial Throne: Kojong’s Elevation from King to Emperor and British Responses, 1895-1898 登上皇位:1895-1898年,高宗从国王到皇帝的提升与英国的回应
IF 0.2 Q2 HISTORY Pub Date : 2021-02-28 DOI: 10.22372/IJKH.2021.26.1.219
E. Kwon
On October 12, 1897, King Kojong (r. 1864-1907) officially proclaimed that he would assume the title of emperor and change the name of the state from Chosŏn to the Empire of Taehan. The establishment of the Empire of Taehan was significant not only because it was the last Korean monarchy that existed before the Japanese annexation of Korea on August 29, 1910, but also it was the first Korean monarchy to openly claim to be an empire, something that was the exclusive right of the Chinese ruler in the pre-modern Sinocentric world order. Therefore, Kojong’s accession to emperor in 1897 was a remarkable event underpinning Korean independence, which had been severely challenged by the Japanese assassination of Queen Min of 1895 and Kojong’s asylum at the Russian Legation from 1896 to 1897. From the mid-1970s, there have been major debates on whether the Taehan Empire and the Korean imperial family were modern and pro-
1897年10月12日,高宗(1864-1907年)正式宣布即位,并将国号从Chosŏn改为“大韩帝国”。泰汉帝国的建立意义重大,不仅因为它是1910年8月29日日本吞并朝鲜之前存在的最后一个朝鲜君主制,而且它是第一个公开宣称自己是一个帝国的朝鲜君主制,在前现代以中国为中心的世界秩序中,这是中国统治者的专属权利。因此,1897年高宗即位是巩固韩国独立的重大事件。1895年,日本人暗杀了闵皇后,1896年至1897年,高宗在俄罗斯公使馆避难,这严重挑战了韩国的独立。从20世纪70年代中期开始,围绕大韩帝国和大韩皇室是否具有现代性和亲和性的争论一直在进行
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引用次数: 0
Vicious Desire: The Insect Woman of Kim Kiyoung and Imamura Shōhei 邪恶的欲望:金与今村实平的虫女
IF 0.2 Q2 HISTORY Pub Date : 2021-02-28 DOI: 10.22372/IJKH.2021.26.1.305
Chung-kang Kim
Let’s begin with some images from the films of Kim Kiyoung (19191998) and Imamura Shōhei (1926-2006): animals such as rats, cats, squirrels, pigs, insects, and mostly images of women. [Image 1] As these images show, Kim Kiyoung and Imamura Shōhei are both known as eccentric art house directors with women (that is, gender and sexuality), animals, and the primitive aspects of human beings at the heart of their films. While Imamura was recognized in the West and won the grand prize at the Cannes Film Festival in 1983 for Narayama bushiko (The Ballad of Narayama), Kim Kiyoung was (re)discovered in the mid-1990s through a retrospective at the 2 Busan Film Festival. Naturally, Imamura’s work has been widely discussed both academically and journalistically. In contrast, although Kim Kiyoung was a very popular film director from the late 1950s to 1970 in South Korea, he was not well known in the West before he was discovered in the 1990s. This might have been due to the marginality of South Korea during the 1960s and 70s in world film history. During the same period, Japanese cinema had become accepted as ‘art,’ mostly through positive recognition in Western critical media such as Cahiers du Cinéma. But as soon as Kim was introduced to the West via various venues like the Berlin film festival, many film critics pointed out the similarities of his work to those of such Western directors as Douglas
让我们从金基英(19191998)和今村实平(1926-2006)的电影中的一些图像开始:老鼠、猫、松鼠、猪、昆虫等动物,主要是女性的图像。[图片1]正如这些图片所示,金基英和今村实平都是以女性(即性别和性)、动物和人类原始方面为核心的古怪艺术导演。当今村在西方获得认可并在1983年戛纳电影节上凭借《奈良山的歌谣》获得大奖时,金基英在20世纪90年代中期通过第二届釜山电影节的回顾展被重新发现。很自然,今村的作品在学术界和新闻界都得到了广泛的讨论。相比之下,尽管金基英在20世纪50年代末至70年代是韩国非常受欢迎的电影导演,但在20世纪90年代被发现之前,他在西方并不出名。这可能是由于20世纪六七十年代韩国在世界电影史上的边缘化。在同一时期,日本电影被视为“艺术”,主要是通过在西方批评媒体(如《画报》)中的积极认可。但当金通过柏林电影节等各种场合被介绍到西方时,许多影评人指出他的作品与道格拉斯等西方导演的作品相似
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引用次数: 0
The Strange Story of Monk Ariyabalma 阿里亚巴尔玛和尚的离奇故事
IF 0.2 Q2 HISTORY Pub Date : 2021-02-28 DOI: 10.22372/IJKH.2021.26.1.1
M. Riotto
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引用次数: 0
Mounded Mnemonics: Tumuli and Collective Memory in Old Silla 土默里与旧新罗的集体记忆
IF 0.2 Q2 HISTORY Pub Date : 2021-02-28 DOI: 10.22372/IJKH.2021.26.1.35
S. Müller
The monumental and lavishly equipped burial mounds located north of the historical site of Wŏlsŏng Castle in the famous city of Kyŏngju in the southeastern part of the Korean peninsula are among the most prominent archaeological remains of the Silla kingdom (traditionally 57 BCE – 935). Despite being commonly perceived as representative for the kingdom, most of the mounded graves were constructed in a comparatively limited period of Silla’s history and in all likelihood at a time when the development of the polity to a centralized kingdom was not yet completed. Usually, the size, construction, and the equipment of the mounds are analyzed and interpreted as reflections of Silla’s social structure, in close alignment to the narratives of the historical records. Although there is no doubt that the mounded graves represent the elite of the polity (including Silla’s rulers), particular aspects of the tumuli
位于朝鲜半岛东南部著名城市庆州的Wŏlsŏ; ng城堡历史遗址以北的纪念碑式和设备豪华的土堆是新罗王国(传统上为公元前57年至935年)最著名的考古遗迹之一。尽管通常被认为是王国的代表,但大多数带丘坟墓都是在新罗历史上相对有限的时期建造的,而且很可能是在政治向中央集权王国发展尚未完成的时候建造的。通常,土堆的大小、结构和设备都被分析和解释为新罗社会结构的反映,与历史记录的叙述紧密一致。尽管毫无疑问,这些有丘的坟墓代表了政体的精英(包括新罗的统治者),但图穆里的特定方面
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引用次数: 0
When the Political Spotlight is On: Social Evaluations of Ri Sŭnggi and Ryǒ Kyǒnggu, Two Chemical Engineers in North Korea 当政治聚光灯亮起时:对朝鲜两位化学工程师Ri Sŭnggi和RyõKy nggu的社会评价
IF 0.2 Q2 HISTORY Pub Date : 2021-02-28 DOI: 10.22372/IJKH.2021.26.1.255
Eunsun Cho
In the history of North Korean chemical engineering, two scientists stand out above all others: Ri Sŭnggi (李升基, 1905-1996) and Ryǒ Kyǒnggu (呂慶九, 1913-1977). Ri and Ryǒ were both born in the southern region of the Korean peninsula, studied in Japan, and returned home after Korea’s liberation from Japan in 1945. They were both professors at Seoul National University for some time and then went to the North. In North Korea, Ryǒ and Ri conducted experimental projects on polyvinyl chloride (PVC) fiber and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber respectively. Ryǒ was once a leading scholar in his field; however, his top position was taken over by Ri after the PVA fiber that Ri was researching was successfully industrialized. Despite the fact that Ryǒ Kyǒnggu also contributed to the development of the North Korean chemical industry, his name and whereabouts received little attention in North Korea for quite a while. Experimental science is closely intertwined with society and politics. Socio-politics influences the direction of experimental science and the result of the experiment is connected to the evaluation of the political
在朝鲜化学工程史上,有两位科学家脱颖而出:李(李升基, 1905-1996)和赖(呂慶九, 1913-1977)。李和赖都出生在朝鲜半岛南部地区,曾在日本留学,1945年朝鲜从日本解放后回国。他们都曾在首尔国立大学当过一段时间的教授,后来去了朝鲜。在朝鲜,Ry和Ri分别进行了聚氯乙烯(PVC)纤维和聚乙烯醇(PVA)纤维的实验项目。赖曾经是这一领域的顶尖学者;然而,在李研究的PVA纤维成功工业化后,他的最高职位被李接任。尽管赖对朝鲜化学工业的发展也做出了贡献,但在相当长的一段时间里,他的名字和下落在朝鲜几乎没有受到关注。实验科学与社会和政治紧密相连。社会政治影响实验科学的方向,实验的结果与政治的评价有关
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引用次数: 0
Seeds of Control: Japan’s Empire of Forestry in Korea. By David Fedman. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2020. ix, 292 p [ISBN: 9780295747453] 控制的种子:日本在朝鲜的林业帝国。大卫·费德曼著。西雅图:华盛顿大学出版社,2020。ix, 292 p [ISBN: 9780295747453]
IF 0.2 Q2 HISTORY Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.22372/ijkh.2021.26.2.181
Anne Whitehouse
Environmental histories of Korea and the Korean landscape remain scant in the English-language scholarly corpus. Studies like David Fedman’s Seeds of Control: Japan’s Empire of Forestry in Colonial Korea represent some of the first book-length contributions (in English) to this emerging field. Fedman’s first monograph makes interdisciplinary contributions that will appeal to scholars across disciplinary frameworks who study forestry, colonialism, the environment, the Japanese Empire, and Korea. The book not only draws attention to imperial forestry in a region that is frequently overlooked in conversations of global environmental history and colonial forestry, but it also reframes conservation as a tool of imperialism, expanding understandings of colonial violence in the Japanese Empire to include silvicultural rhetoric and policy. While Seeds of Control focuses on the Korean peninsula geographically, Fedman’s insights about Japanese forestry ideology also inform environmental histories of the “green archipelago” in his exploration of colonial policies of reforestation and assimilation. The arguments made in Seeds of Control
韩国环境史和韩国景观在英语学术语料库中仍然很少。大卫·费德曼(David Fedman)的《控制的种子:日本在朝鲜殖民地的林业帝国》等研究代表了这一新兴领域的首批著作(英文版)。费德曼的第一部专著做出了跨学科的贡献,将吸引跨学科框架研究林业、殖民主义、环境、日本帝国和朝鲜的学者。这本书不仅引起了人们对这一地区的帝国林业的关注,而这一地区在全球环境史和殖民林业的讨论中经常被忽视,而且还将保护重新定义为帝国主义的工具,将对日本帝国殖民暴力的理解扩大到包括林业修辞和政策。虽然《控制的种子》关注的是朝鲜半岛的地理位置,但费德曼对日本林业意识形态的见解,也在他对重新造林和同化的殖民政策的探索中,为“绿色群岛”的环境历史提供了信息。《控制的种子》中的论点
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引用次数: 0
“We Are Not Foreigners”: Constructing Migrant Subjects through Korean Chinese Migrants’ Claims-Making in South Korea “我们不是外国人”:从中国朝鲜族移民在韩国的诉求构建移民主体
IF 0.2 Q2 HISTORY Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.22372/ijkh.2021.26.2.11
Yang-Sook Kim, Yi-chun Chien
In this paper, we approach citizenship as a claims-making process consisting of social construction practices that emerge from ongoing negotiations and contestations. We examine the migrant subject-making process of Korean Chinese migrants in South Korea. We draw on the voices of migrants to discuss how Korean Chinese construct their migrant subjectivity by mobilizing a collective understanding of ethnonational belonging and thereby deploy distinctive strategies to support their claims. Our analysis of the data gathered from ethnographic observations and interviews with Korean Chinese migrant workers, activists, South Korean bureaucrats, and policymakers show that Korean Chinese migrants have called upon blood ties and ethnic affinity, continued allegiance, economic contributions, and human rights to construct themselves as legitimate candidates for citizenship in South Korea. By shifting our analytical focus from the state to the migrant subjectivity that emerges through day-to-day negotiations, we aim to unpack the complicated dynamics of social constructions of citizenship.
在本文中,我们将公民身份视为一个索赔过程,该过程由正在进行的谈判和争论中出现的社会建设实践组成。本文考察了韩国朝鲜族华人移民的移民主体建构过程。我们利用移民的声音来讨论朝鲜族华人如何通过动员对民族归属的集体理解来构建他们的移民主体性,从而采用独特的策略来支持他们的主张。我们从民族志观察和对朝鲜族中国移民工人、活动家、韩国官僚和政策制定者的访谈中收集的数据分析表明,朝鲜族中国移民呼吁血缘关系和民族亲和力、持续的忠诚、经济贡献和人权,以使自己成为韩国公民的合法候选人。通过将我们的分析焦点从国家转移到通过日常谈判出现的移民主体性,我们的目标是解开公民身份的社会建构的复杂动态。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
International Journal of Korean History
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