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A Theory for Cultural Resistance: The Cases of L. M. Silko’s Ceremony and L. Erdrich’s Tracks 一种文化抵抗理论:西尔科的《仪式》与厄德里奇的《轨迹
IF 0.1 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.5325/intelitestud.25.3.0378
Sajjad Gheytasi, Mohsen Hanif
abstract:One critical issue facing subaltern cultures is how they react to the process of cultural assimilation. This article aims to analyze the characters in Leslie Marmon Silko’s Ceremony and Louise Erdrich’s Tracks, to see how they interpret and react to the “social norms.” The novels offer counter discourses that try to resist, negate, and put in suspense the nodal points of the dominant culture. When exposed to the hegemonic discourse, the subalterns also construct and re-territorialize the significance of the nodal points. The two novelists use elements from their own cultures in the form of memories, storytelling, songs, etc., to impose their own definitions on the floating signifiers. Contradictions caused by the process create fault lines that will destabilize the dominant discourse’s nodal points and reformulate the hegemonic discourse’s rules. The resisting characters in both novels remember the residual elements in which the dominant discourse is questioned and negated. Strategies of resistance in both novels relatively follow the same path: the residual elements create fault lines deconstructing the nodal points of ideological discourse. This process will make us aware of other possibilities of signification in the field of discursivity, opening up space and time for articulating new elements.
下层文化面临的一个关键问题是他们如何对文化同化过程作出反应。本文旨在分析莱斯利·马蒙·西尔科的《仪式》和路易丝·厄德里奇的《足迹》中的人物,看他们是如何解读和回应“社会规范”的。这些小说提供了反话语,试图抵制、否定和悬疑主导文化的节点。当面对霸权话语时,庶民也在建构和重新属地化节点的意义。两位小说家利用各自文化中的元素,以记忆、故事、歌曲等形式,将自己的定义强加于漂浮的能指之上。由这一过程引起的矛盾产生了断层线,这将破坏主导话语的节点,并重新制定霸权话语的规则。两部小说中的反抗人物都记得主导话语被质疑和否定的残余因素。两部小说的反抗策略大致相同:残余元素制造断层线,解构意识形态话语的节点。这一过程将使我们意识到话语领域的其他意义可能性,为表达新元素开辟空间和时间。
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引用次数: 0
Reverie, Wild Animals, and Gasoline: The Interrelatedness of the Human and Natural Worlds in Elizabeth Bishop 幻想、野生动物和汽油:伊丽莎白·毕晓普的《人类与自然世界的相互关系》
IF 0.1 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.5325/intelitestud.25.3.0315
Jacopo Aldrighetti
abstract:Analyzed through the lens of John Berger’s concept of daydream and Bachelard’s reverie, Elizabeth Bishop’s work can offer a poignant argument against a view of nature and civilization as fundamentally separate. However, the analysis of their relationship dynamics has hitherto been limited to a focus on human–nature conflict. This article argues that Bishop’s poetry and prose reveal elements of coexistence and communion between these two spheres. The epiphanies of environmental communion in Bishop’s poems can be explained by employing the daydream or reverie as the interpretative key that brings together human-made and natural environments. The daydream or reverie is deeply rooted into childhood and is intended by Bachelard as a momentary return to a state of being that is not self-aware, which is typical of childhood and is caused by the vision of a wild animal. It is through this perspective that this article considers an unexpected source of the interrelatedness between the human and natural words in Bishop’s work: gasoline.
通过约翰·伯杰的“白日梦”概念和巴舍拉的“遐想”来分析,伊丽莎白·毕晓普的作品可以对将自然与文明从根本上分开的观点提出尖锐的反驳。然而,迄今为止,对它们关系动态的分析仅限于关注人与自然的冲突。本文认为,毕晓普的诗歌和散文表现出这两个领域共存和共融的因素。毕晓普诗歌中对环境共融的顿悟可以通过将白日梦或幻想作为将人造环境和自然环境结合在一起的解释关键来解释。白日梦或遐想深深植根于童年,巴舍拉的目的是作为一种短暂的回归到一种没有自我意识的存在状态,这是典型的童年,是由野生动物的视觉引起的。本文正是通过这一视角来考察毕晓普作品中人类词汇与自然词汇相互关联的一个意想不到的来源:汽油。
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引用次数: 0
In the Castle of My Skin: (Re)Inscribing an African “Feminist” Identity in Changes and Faceless 在我皮肤的城堡里:(再)在《变化与无面》中刻下非洲“女权主义者”的身份
IF 0.1 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.5325/intelitestud.25.3.0271
Grace Danquah
abstract:The analysis of African feminism in literary works is now a well-established area in literature. Most of the research on Changes and Faceless focuses on a thematic or stylistic study of the text. An often-underexplored area is how these two authors utilize the element of characterization to (re)inscribe the boundaries of African-centered feminist identities. To fill this gap, this article comparatively analyses the portrayal of “feminist” identity in Aidoo’s Changes (1994) and Darko’s Faceless (2003). The article reaffirms the stance assumed by Nigerian theorists like Nnaemeka, Ogundipe-Leslie, and Akachi that the feminist in Africa is accommodative, compromising, and collaborative. Using negofeminism (No ego feminism) theory as an analytical framework, this article reveals that in Faceless, the female characters who survive and thrive are those who live out the very tenets of the theory. In Changes, Esi is isolated in the end because she chose individualism over communalism. Consequently, this article extends the scholarship on literary representation of African feminism in women-authored novels. This validates the conclusion that African feminism as portrayed by Aidoo and Darko is truly representative of indigenous societies.
对文学作品中非洲女性主义的分析是目前文学研究的一个成熟领域。对《变与无面》的研究大多集中在对文本的主题或风格研究上。一个经常被忽视的领域是,这两位作者如何利用人物塑造的元素来(重新)界定以非洲为中心的女权主义身份的界限。为了填补这一空白,本文对比分析了Aidoo的《变化》(1994)和Darko的《无面者》(2003)对“女权主义者”身份的刻画。这篇文章重申了尼日利亚理论家如Nnaemeka、Ogundipe-Leslie和Akachi的立场,即非洲的女权主义是包容、妥协和合作的。本文以“无我女性主义”理论为分析框架,揭示了在《无面者》中,能够生存和发展的女性角色正是那些实践了该理论原则的人。在《变化》中,Esi最终被孤立,因为她选择了个人主义而不是社群主义。因此,本文拓展了非洲女性主义在女性小说中的文学表现研究。这证实了Aidoo和Darko所描绘的非洲女权主义真正代表了土著社会的结论。
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引用次数: 0
The Distorted Image of the Mother-Daughter Relationship in Alice Munro’s “Boys and Girls” and Jamaica Kincaid’s “Girl” 爱丽丝·门罗《男孩和女孩》与牙买加·金凯德《女孩》中母女关系的扭曲形象
IF 0.1 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.5325/intelitestud.25.2.0176
Maysoon Kreishan, Wasfi Shoqairat
abstract:This article answers questions about how patriarchy resists all the social and cultural changes during postmodernism and how it reinforces the distorted image of the mother in her relationship with her daughter. The questions’ answers will be critically investigated in relation to two postmodernist stories, Alice Munro’s “Boys and Girls” ([1964] 1968) and Jamaica Kincaid’s “Girl” ([1978] 2003). According to the findings, patriarchal hegemony over the relationship between mother and daughter is not limited to traditional societies; it is universal and can even be traced in postmodernist Western literature. The patriarchal motherhood that puts daughters in a frame to meet society’s expectations, that raises daughters as copies of their mothers, that prepares daughters to marry and be good housewives, and that neglects daughters’ needs and deprives them of a model to identify with are all explored in this article. The role of women, among many others, is to lead, to create changes, to educate, and to prepare generations for a better future. Women should reject considering housekeeping as an area of competition and should pass this on to their daughters. They must realize their own individual identity and evaluate themselves away from their forced traditional role.
本文回答了父权制如何抵制后现代主义时期的所有社会和文化变革,以及父权制如何在母女关系中强化扭曲的母亲形象的问题。这些问题的答案将与两个后现代主义故事——爱丽丝·门罗的《男孩和女孩》([1964]1968)和牙买加·金凯德的《女孩》([1978]2003)——联系起来进行批判性的调查。研究发现,父权霸权对母女关系的支配并不局限于传统社会;它具有普遍性,甚至可以在西方后现代主义文学中找到踪迹。父权母性将女儿置于一个符合社会期望的框架中,将女儿培养成母亲的复制品,为女儿做好结婚和成为好家庭主妇的准备,忽视女儿的需求并剥夺她们认同的榜样,这些都是本文所探讨的。妇女的作用,除其他外,是领导、创造变革、教育和为子孙后代的美好未来做好准备。女性应该拒绝将家务作为一个竞争领域,并将其传递给女儿。他们必须认识到自己的个体身份,并从被迫的传统角色中评估自己。
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引用次数: 0
Musicality of Plays by A. P. Chekhov and G. M. Musirepov 契诃夫和穆什雷波夫戏剧的音乐性
0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.5325/intelitestud.25.2.0163
Aman T. Zhumsakbayev, Kadisha R. Nurgali, Zhanat A. Aimukhambet
ABSTRACT The dramaturgy of Musirepov and Chekhov is very closely related to music. The writers understood that with the help of music, the problems posed by playwrights acquire philosophical depth, images and situations are voiced, and the composition of a play is built. The study of the musicality of Chekhov and Musirepov’s plays is an urgent problem for both Russian and Kazakh literature. To analyze the musicality of their plays, various methods of scientific knowledge were used. Particular attention is paid to the study of the sound of musical instruments in Chekhov and Kazakh drama. Guitar, piano, flute, and dombra are designed to create a unique atmosphere and enhance psychologism. Thus, musical motives not only have an auxiliary function, but they, along with dialogues, are an integral and equal part of the dramatic structure. The analysis of the role of music in the plays of Chekhov and Musirepov can be used to study the creativity of the authors. This work can be used by teachers and students of higher educational institutions to study the musicality of plays during lectures and practical classes.
穆西列波夫和契诃夫的戏剧创作与音乐有着密切的联系。作家们明白,在音乐的帮助下,剧作家提出的问题获得了哲学的深度,形象和情景得以表达,剧本的构图得以构建。研究契诃夫和穆什雷波夫戏剧的音乐性是俄哈两国文学亟待解决的问题。为了分析他们戏剧的音乐性,使用了各种科学知识的方法。特别注意研究契诃夫和哈萨克戏剧中乐器的声音。吉他,钢琴,长笛和dombra的设计创造了一个独特的氛围,增强心理。因此,音乐动机不仅具有辅助功能,而且与对话一起,是戏剧结构中不可分割的平等组成部分。分析音乐在契诃夫和穆什雷波夫戏剧中的作用,可以用来研究作者的创造性。本作品可供高等院校师生在课堂和实践课上研究戏剧的音乐性。
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引用次数: 0
The Strange Case of the You-Narrator: A Melancholic Postmodernity 《你——叙述者:忧郁的后现代性
IF 0.1 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.5325/intelitestud.25.2.0196
A. Castelli
abstract:As a result of using the “you-narrator,” the text becomes a verbal experience in which, loyal to the postmodern tradition, a book is written within the book, the writer becomes simultaneously narrator and reader, and the reader acts as producer, thus offering multiple possibilities of reading. Furthermore, by imposing a depth of feeling and insight into the human condition, the second-person point of view generates an overall melancholic atmosphere, in terms of tones, content, and analysis.
摘要:由于“你-叙述者”的使用,文本成为一种口头体验,忠实于后现代传统,在书中书写一本书,作者同时成为叙述者和读者,读者作为生产者,从而提供了多种阅读可能性。此外,通过对人类状况施加深度的情感和洞察力,第二人称视角在色调、内容和分析方面产生了一种整体的忧郁氛围。
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引用次数: 0
I and We: Hannah Arendt, Participatory Plurality, and the Literary Scaffolding of Collective Intentionality 我与我们:汉娜·阿伦特、参与性多元性与集体意向性的文学框架
IF 0.1 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.5325/intelitestud.25.2.0235
B. Morgan, Naomi Rokotnitz, F. Budelmann, D. Zahavi
abstract:This article examines Hannah Arendt’s contribution to notions of the “We” and tests key Arendtian concepts through relation and juxtaposition with philosophical and literary texts from different periods, thereby complicating discussions of (1) how individuals participate in, shape, and are shaped by various forms of “We”; (2) how, within collective participation, individuals come to care about being themselves; and (3) to what extent literary texts enable and encourage processes of identity construction and (re)configuration. For Arendt, the “place in the world which makes opinions significant and actions effective” (2017, 387–88) is “the result of our common labor, the outcome of the human artifice” (2017, 393)—the shared practices and institutions that Wittgenstein calls “forms of life” (2009, 15). In this article, the authors argue that by exploring and critiquing “forms of life” literature can expand the range of activities we recognize as fostering “participatory sense-making” (De Jaegher and Di Paolo 2007, 465). The three literary provocations presented here—Callimachus’s “Hymn to Apollo,” Thomas Mann’s The Magic Mountain, and Margaret Atwood’s Alias Grace—all interrogate the situated interactions of “I’s” and “We’s” that instantiate the “participatory plurality” of the shared world.
摘要:本文考察了汉娜·阿伦特对“我们”概念的贡献,并通过与不同时期的哲学和文学文本的联系和并列来检验阿伦特的关键概念,从而使以下讨论变得复杂:(1)个体如何参与、塑造和被各种形式的“我们”塑造;(2)在集体参与中,个体如何开始关心做自己;(3)文学文本在多大程度上促进和鼓励身份建构和(重新)配置的过程。对于阿伦特来说,“在世界上使意见有意义和行动有效的地方”(2017,387 - 88)是“我们共同劳动的结果,人类技巧的结果”(2017,393)-维特根斯坦称之为“生活形式”的共享实践和制度(2009,15)。在这篇文章中,作者认为,通过探索和批判“生活形式”,文学可以扩大我们认为可以促进“参与式意义构建”的活动范围(De Jaegher and Di Paolo 2007,465)。这里提出的三种文学挑衅——卡利马库斯的《阿波罗赞美诗》、托马斯·曼的《魔山》和玛格丽特·阿特伍德的《别名格雷斯》——都质疑了“我”和“我们”之间的相互作用,这些相互作用体现了共享世界的“参与性多元化”。
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引用次数: 0
A Review of The Microgenre: A Quick Look at Small Culture 回顾微类型:快速看小文化
IF 0.1 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.5325/intelitestud.25.2.0265
Dong-Zhi Yang
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引用次数: 0
The Aesthetics of Affect in Susan Glaspell’s Trifles 苏珊·格拉斯佩尔《琐事》中的情感美学
IF 0.1 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.5325/intelitestud.25.2.0216
Meeyoung Kang
abstract:Susan Glaspell’s Trifles (1916) is a one-act play in which two women search for the truth about a murder in the absence of the play’s central character, Minnie Wright, who is accused of murdering her husband. The play’s dramatic components hinge on the affective shift of these two women as they break free of the masculinist ideologies that permeate the bleak setting. At the antipode of the masculine rationality, women’s affective intensity creates the connections between and among subjects and their environments. In this process, empathy toward the incarnation of Minnie arises and the reversal of values happens, recapitulating into the noncommunicative men’s rationality and communicative women’s affects. The tension between such opposing traits cast Minnie as a pharmakos, violating cultural gendered assumptions and literary conventions, enacting the emancipatory and participatory aesthetics in opposition to the coercive and transcendent male-centered aesthetics.
苏珊·格拉斯佩尔的《鸡皮小事》(1916)是一部独幕剧,讲述了在主角米妮·赖特被指控谋杀丈夫的情况下,两个女人寻找谋杀案真相的故事。该剧的戏剧性部分取决于这两个女人的情感转变,因为她们摆脱了弥漫在荒凉环境中的男性主义意识形态。在男性理性的对立面,女性的情感强度创造了主体与环境之间的联系。在这一过程中,对米妮化身的共情产生,价值观发生逆转,概括为不善于交际的男性的理性和善于交际的女性的情感。这种对立特征之间的紧张关系使米妮成为一个药剂师,违反文化性别假设和文学惯例,制定了解放和参与的美学,以反对强制和超越的男性中心美学。
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引用次数: 0
From “The Snow Child” to “Snow White”: Angela Carter’s Inheritance from Classic Fairy Tales 从《雪童》到《白雪公主》:安吉拉·卡特对经典童话的继承
IF 0.1 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.5325/intelitestud.25.2.0149
Yingying Fan, Hardev Kaur, Diana Abu Ujum, Hasyimah Mohd Amin
abstract:This article is aimed at developing a Foucauldian power criticism to examine Angela Carter’s inheritance of classic fairy tales. Carter’s “The Snow Child,” inspired by the Grimms’ “Snow White,” has been considered a feminist rewriting in subverting a classic. By establishing a connection between the classic fairy tale “Snow White” and “The Snow Child,” this article examines the two as intertextual in terms of characters and plots, and echoes in the core of subversion as well. With the application of Michel Foucault’s concepts of discipline and punish, the article reveals patriarchy’s operating mechanism in the classic fairy tale—that is, how patriarchy manipulates and tames women. Through punishing the body and disciplining the mind, Carter’s “The Snow Child” explicitly presents the male’s manipulation of power on the female through body production, destiny control, and overt incest, while in the Grimms’ “Snow White,” a hidden clue exposes the operation of the patriarchal power mechanism over women, but in a more subtle way, revealing that patriarchal power disciplines women through brainwashing the mind and punishing the body. Research findings show that rather than being a tool to maintain patriarchal culture, classic fairy tales actually subvert patriarchy implicitly by exhibiting the patriarchy’s operating mechanism in producing “angels.”
本文旨在运用福柯式的权力批判来审视安吉拉·卡特对经典童话的继承。卡特的《雪孩子》的灵感来自格林兄弟的《白雪公主》,被认为是女权主义者对经典的颠覆。本文通过将经典童话《白雪公主》和《雪娃》联系起来,考察两者在人物和情节上的互文性,以及在颠覆的核心上的呼应。本文运用福柯的管教和惩罚概念,揭示了经典童话中父权制的运行机制,即父权制是如何操纵和驯服女性的。卡特的《雪孩子》通过惩罚身体和惩戒心灵,明确地表现了男性通过身体生产、命运控制和公然乱伦对女性的权力操纵,而在格林的《白雪公主》中,一个隐藏的线索暴露了父权机制对女性的运作,但以更微妙的方式,揭示了父权通过洗脑和惩罚身体来惩戒女性。研究发现,经典童话并非是维护父权文化的工具,而是通过展示父权在产生“天使”过程中的运行机制,含蓄地颠覆了父权。
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引用次数: 0
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Interdisciplinary Literary Studies
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