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Discourse and Madness in Shadows in the Sun 阳光下的阴影》中的话语与疯狂
IF 0.1 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.5325/intelitestud.25.4.0437
Srijani Nag, Sayan Chattopadhyay
This article is on the narrativization of mental illness regarding Gayathri Ramprasad’s memoir Shadows in the Sun (2014). Ramprasad’s rendition of her depression becomes an act of defiance because the production of discourse by a madwoman is a relatively new phenomenon. Ramprasad not only produces discourse but also intends it to be healing for people with depression. This is because Ramprasad herself benefitted from first-hand narratives of depression. Whether the putative healing effect of storytelling can be reckoned originating from romanticizing depression by making it look desirable is the research question addressed in this article.
本文就盖斯里-兰普拉萨德(Gayathri Ramprasad)的回忆录《阳光下的阴影》(Shadows in the Sun,2014 年)对精神疾病的叙事化进行探讨。兰普拉萨德对自己抑郁症的描述是一种反抗行为,因为由一个疯女人来创造话语是一种相对较新的现象。兰普拉萨德不仅创造了话语,还希望它能治愈抑郁症患者。这是因为兰普拉萨德本人就受益于抑郁症的第一手叙述。讲故事的所谓治疗效果是否可以归因于将抑郁症浪漫化,使其看起来令人向往,这是本文要探讨的研究问题。
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引用次数: 0
Women’s Dilemma of Love: An Ethical Literary Interpretation of Miss Sophie’s Diary by Ding Ling 女性的爱情困境丁玲《苏菲小姐日记》的伦理文学解读
IF 0.1 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.5325/intelitestud.25.4.0462
Xinxin Qi
Miss Sophie’s Diary, a landmark novel by Chinese feminist writer Ding Ling, radically transformed traditional love stories for women. In this diary-style novel, a lady’s psychological activities are revealed by adopting a modern woman’s unique gender consciousness and the feminist discourse. As a remarkable literary work, it upended all previous love stories and centered on the eternal triangle between Sophie, the protagonist, and two male characters. Sophie’s behavior used to be criticized as immoral. However, these moral standards were gender-biased and did not necessarily apply to all women. In the following article, Sophie’s view of love is analyzed based on Gilligan’s ethics of care. It turns out that her love triangle caused inner conflicts that propelled her through three stages of growth: self-preservation, self-sacrifice, as well as balance and maturity. Her pursuit and rejection of love revealed the inner turmoil and pain of a feminist striving for independence in an oppressive era. Her diaries witnessed her growth in dealing with self–other relationships and ultimately made her stronger. By rising above the moral dilemmas, Sophie made her voice heard and became a role model for Chinese women in the new era.
苏菲小姐的日记》是中国女性主义作家丁玲的一部里程碑式的小说,彻底改变了传统的女性爱情故事。在这部日记体小说中,以现代女性特有的性别意识和女性主义话语,揭示了一位女性的心理活动。作为一部杰出的文学作品,它颠覆了以往所有的爱情故事,以主人公苏菲和两个男性角色之间永恒的三角关系为中心。苏菲的行为曾被批评为不道德。然而,这些道德标准带有性别偏见,并不一定适用于所有女性。下文将根据吉利根的关爱伦理来分析索菲的爱情观。原来,她的三角恋引发的内心冲突推动她经历了三个成长阶段:自我保护、自我牺牲以及平衡和成熟。她对爱情的追求和拒绝,揭示了一个女权主义者在压迫时代争取独立的内心动荡和痛苦。她的日记见证了她在处理自我与他人关系方面的成长,并最终使她变得更加坚强。苏菲超越了道德困境,发出了自己的声音,成为新时代中国女性的楷模。
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引用次数: 0
Negotiating Demons of the Mind: Psychological Distress, Social Apathy and Victimhood in Tagore’s The Garden (Malancha) 与心魔谈判:泰戈尔《花园》(马兰恰)中的心理困扰、社会冷漠和受害者身份
IF 0.1 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.5325/intelitestud.25.4.0414
Argha Kumar Banerjee
Though Tagore does not specify Neerja’s illness in his novella, The Garden, readers are made aware of its terminal nature following her surgery and the loss of her child. As the novella progresses, what draws the readers’ attention is not Neerja’s physical ill health but the “unreasonable torment” plaguing her mind. Tagore’s depiction of her distressful mental suffering and its corresponding psychological repercussions—chronic anxiety, low self-esteem, guilt, depression, and obsessional jealousy—tend to preoccupy the central focus of the narrative. In the early twentieth century, the general awareness of mental health issues was still at a formative stage in colonial Bengal. In the absence of requisite palliative care and appropriate treatment of Neerja’s underlying psychological distress, she remains a hapless victim of her tragic circumstances. Undertaking a close psychoanalytic exploration of the text, this analysis argues that through his keen observation and a meticulously detailed portrayal of his female protagonist’s predicament, Tagore represents the helpless despair endured by mentally challenged victims of his time.
虽然泰戈尔在长篇小说《花园》中没有明确指出妮尔佳的病情,但读者在她接受手术和失去孩子后,就知道了她的绝症。随着长篇小说的发展,吸引读者注意力的不是妮尔佳身体上的疾病,而是困扰她心灵的 "不合理的折磨"。泰戈尔对她痛苦的精神折磨及其相应的心理反响的描写,往往成为叙事的中心焦点。20 世纪初,孟加拉殖民地对心理健康问题的普遍认识仍处于形成阶段。由于缺乏必要的姑息治疗和对尼尔贾潜在心理困扰的适当治疗,她仍然是其悲惨遭遇的无助受害者。本分析对文本进行了细致的精神分析探索,认为泰戈尔通过对女主人公困境的敏锐观察和细致入微的描绘,表现了那个时代精神疾病受害者所承受的无助绝望。
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引用次数: 0
The Weather Is Dirty: Jane Austen’s Use of Nature as a Social Agent 天气很脏简-奥斯汀利用自然作为社会媒介
IF 0.1 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.5325/intelitestud.25.4.0403
Monika Z. Moore
Throughout her works, Jane Austen utilized weather as a powerful natural phenomenon to facilitate plot action through enabling or inhibiting social interactions. The inclusion of the natural world gives indications of how Austen perceived humans in relation to the environment: that people, their plans, and their social interactions were very much at the mercy of nature. This ecocritical analysis of her work extends beyond the picturesque into broader conceptions of her interests in people and their interconnections with each other and with nature, raising the heretofore unspoken idea that Austen perceived nature as having the ability to both enable and interrupt social engagement. Austen’s use of weather to facilitate character action and plot development could be interpreted as a convention of Romanticism, or as counter to Romanticism, as these very same natural events create kinks in plans, deviating from so-called ideal conditions. This article examines the role of weather as a plot device across a selection of Austen’s novels, including Northanger Abby, Sense & Sensibility, Pride & Prejudice, Mansfield Park, Emma, and Persuasion. This article offers further ecocritical analysis of her interests in people and their interconnections with each other and with nature.
纵观简-奥斯汀的作品,她将天气作为一种强大的自然现象,通过促进或抑制社会互动来推动情节发展。自然世界的融入表明了奥斯汀如何看待人类与环境的关系:人、人的计划以及人与人之间的社会交往在很大程度上受大自然的支配。对奥斯汀作品的这种生态批判分析超越了风景如画的范畴,延伸到她对人的兴趣以及人与人、人与大自然之间相互联系的更广泛概念中,提出了一个前所未闻的观点,即奥斯汀认为大自然既能促成社会交往,也能打断社会交往。奥斯汀利用天气来促进人物行动和情节发展,这可以被解释为浪漫主义的惯例,也可以被解释为与浪漫主义背道而驰,因为正是这些自然事件使计划出现了偏差,偏离了所谓的理想条件。本文研究了奥斯汀的部分小说,包括《诺桑觉寺》(Northanger Abby)、《理智与情感》(Sense & Sensibility)、《傲慢与偏见》(Pride & Prejudice)、《曼斯菲尔德庄园》(Mansfield Park)、《艾玛》(Emma)和《劝导》(Persuasion)中天气作为情节设置的作用。本文对她对人的兴趣以及人与人之间、人与大自然之间的相互联系进行了进一步的生态批评分析。
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引用次数: 0
The “kala–admi” and the “golden-haired, fair-complexioned hero”: Racial Othering and the Question of the Aboriginals in the Fairy Tale Collections of Colonial Bengal 卡拉阿德米 "和 "金发碧眼的英雄":殖民时期孟加拉童话集中的种族他者化和原住民问题
IF 0.1 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.5325/intelitestud.25.4.0476
Sarani Roy
This article discusses how the representational politics of the late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Bengali fairy tales was heavily informed by the racial discourses of the time. The racial discourses of colonial Bengal worked in close association with the discourses of anthropology and nationalism. The discourse of ethnographic nationalism prepared the ground for the historical rise of the Hindu, upper-caste, urban, elite, male subjectivity and enabled it to define and “speak” for the so-called “aboriginal” groups in a way that best suited their convenience. The contemporary idea of the “black,” “ugly,”“backward,” and “uncivilized” aboriginals influenced the representation of the rakshasas or the giants in the fairy tales of colonial Bengal. The article analyzes the ways in which the project of fairy tale collection turned into an upper-caste, Hindu, elite discourse in the hands of the Bengali intellectuals, which operated primarily by marginalizing the category of the aboriginals. The article also historically contextualizes the categories of the elite and the aboriginal in connection with the arya-anarya theory of race, popular in nineteenth-century Bengal.
本文讨论了 19 世纪末 20 世纪初孟加拉童话的表象政治如何深受当时种族话语的影响。孟加拉殖民时期的种族论述与人类学和民族主义论述密切相关。人种学民族主义话语为印度教、上层种姓、城市精英、男性主体性的历史性崛起奠定了基础,并使其能够以最适合自己的方式定义所谓的 "土著 "群体并为其 "代言"。当代 "黑色"、"丑陋"、"落后 "和 "未开化 "原住民的观念影响了殖民时期孟加拉童话中罗刹或巨人的形象。文章分析了童话收集项目如何在孟加拉知识分子手中变成了上层种姓、印度教的精英话语,其运作方式主要是将原住民边缘化。文章还结合 19 世纪孟加拉流行的 "雅利安人-阿那亚人 "种族理论,从历史的角度对精英和原住民的类别进行了分析。
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引用次数: 0
Improvisation in Jack Kerouac’s “Jazz” Writing: Intersubjectivity, Authenticity, and the Collectivist Utopia 杰克-凯鲁亚克 "爵士 "写作中的即兴创作:主体间性、真实性和集体主义乌托邦
IF 0.1 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.5325/intelitestud.25.4.0497
Talal Hochard
Jack Kerouac’s “spontaneous” style has often been described as an anti-representational innovation that disrupts conventional narrative modes with multimedia features such as orality and jazz. This article outlines the aesthetics of Kerouac’s jazz writing, suggesting that its improvisational characteristic, in particular, functions as a tool for establishing intersubjective experiences, which contribute to the manifestation of authenticity and the construction and retrieval of empathetic opportunities with others. The jazz performances chronicled in On the Road could be regarded as the blueprint for Kerouac’s writing method, which employs technical elements of jazz improvisation such as crescendo, dragging, and minimalist variations. For Kerouac, improvisation is the performance of experimentations on the medium of artistic expression. This theory is demonstrated in his sketches of people’s lives, which he does by blending meticulous observation with the recollection of past events and the fabrication of fictional ones. Kerouac uses improvisation as a means of empathizing with others, a process that also reveals potential for intersubjective engagement from his readers.
杰克-凯鲁亚克的 "即兴 "风格常常被描述为一种反再现的创新,它以口头和爵士乐等多媒体特征打破了传统的叙事模式。本文概述了凯鲁亚克爵士乐写作的美学特征,认为其即兴创作的特点尤其有助于建立主体间的体验,从而有助于体现真实性以及构建和检索与他人共鸣的机会。在路上》中记录的爵士乐表演可视为凯鲁亚克写作方法的蓝本,其中运用了爵士乐即兴创作的技术元素,如渐强、拖曳和极简变奏。在凯鲁亚克看来,即兴创作是在艺术表达媒介上进行实验的表现。这一理论体现在他对人物生活的素描中,他将细致的观察、对往事的回忆和虚构的事件融为一体。凯鲁亚克将即兴创作作为与他人产生共鸣的一种手段,这一过程也揭示了读者主体间参与的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
A Review of Psychoanalysis and Literary Theory: An Introduction 精神分析与文学理论》评论:导论
IF 0.1 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.5325/intelitestud.25.4.0523
A. Arsene
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引用次数: 0
The Literary Critic and Creative Writer as Antagonists: Golding’s The Paper Men 文学评论家与创意作家的对立:戈尔丁的《纸人》
IF 0.1 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.5325/intelitestud.25.3.0338
Arya Aryan
abstract:After the institutionalization of English within higher education, academia starts to become a rival to creative writing and, particularly after the High Theory of the 1960s, writers are gradually displaced or replaced by critics. This article argues that because of the twentieth-century critics’ deemphasis on the author since the professionalization of English literature as an academic discipline and in the wake of Roland Barthes’s famous announcement of the death of the author, symptoms of paranoia and anxiety projected onto protagonists of novels who are often writers begin emerging as a feature of creative writing from the 1960s to the 1980s. This article argues that paranoid delusions and the fear of losing authorial agency are a significant source of artistic creativity as the writer projects these semi-paranoid delusions, fears, and anxieties onto characters and stories. This article contends that the protagonist, Wilfred Barclay, is a paranoid creative writer, the author’s alter-ego, who anxiously tries to construct and defend an authorial identity and agency, though a textualized fictitious one. This article also argues that Tucker is a symbolic reification of Barclay’s own delusions and perhaps Golding’s.
在高等教育中英语制度化之后,学术界开始成为创造性写作的竞争对手,特别是在20世纪60年代“高等理论”之后,作家逐渐被评论家取代或取代。这篇文章认为,由于二十世纪评论家对作者的重视程度降低,自英国文学作为一门学科的专业化以来,在罗兰·巴特著名的作家死亡宣告之后,偏执和焦虑的症状被反映到小说的主人公身上,这些主人公通常是作家,从20世纪60年代到80年代开始作为创造性写作的一个特征出现。本文认为,偏执妄想和对失去作者代理的恐惧是艺术创造力的重要来源,因为作家将这些半偏执妄想、恐惧和焦虑投射到人物和故事中。本文认为,主人公威尔弗雷德·巴克莱是一个偏执的创作作家,是作者的另一个自我,他焦虑地试图构建和捍卫作者的身份和代理,尽管这是一种文本化的虚构身份和代理。本文还认为,塔克是巴克莱自己的错觉的象征性具体化,或许还有戈尔丁的错觉。
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引用次数: 0
“Half Savage and Hardy, and Free”: The Search for Self in Wuthering Heights “半野蛮,半野蛮,半自由”:《呼啸山庄》中的自我追寻
IF 0.1 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.5325/intelitestud.25.3.0293
Emily Crider
abstract:Over the last half-century, much of the scholarly discourse concerning Wuthering Heights has considered Catherine Earnshaw’s struggle for belonging in the social order, using a transgressive mode of gender criticism to challenge the constraints of traditional femininity found in the space of Brontë’s world and within the norms of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Using Lacanian and Althusserian theoretical analysis, this article argues that Brontë’s novel effects an uncanny interpretation of womanhood, placing Catherine between two impossible, failed identities. The first, beginning in childhood, is rooted in an Imaginary form of identification with Heathcliff, who acts as the image with whom she identifies. The second emerges through her participation in the Symbolic order as a socially recognized wife, mother, and upper-class lady. Unable to find satisfaction in the self-mediation necessitated by these Imaginary and Symbolic identities, she lacks any identity at all. Instead, it is only in death that Catherine attains freedom from the agony of identification. By tracing this search for a fully realized sense of self throughout her life, this article endeavors to illustrate how Lacan offers a framework for understanding Catherine’s inner conflict, revealing the fundamental futility of searching for oneself in an external object or system.
摘要:在过去的半个世纪里,许多关于《呼啸山庄》的学术论述都考虑到了凯瑟琳·恩肖在社会秩序中的归属斗争,使用一种越界的性别批评模式来挑战Brontë世界空间和十八、十九世纪规范中传统女性气质的束缚。本文运用拉康和阿尔都塞的理论分析,认为Brontë的小说影响了对女性的神秘解释,将凯瑟琳置于两个不可能的、失败的身份之间。第一种,从童年开始,植根于对希斯克利夫的一种想象形式的认同,希斯克利夫是她认同的形象。第二个是通过她作为社会公认的妻子、母亲和上层阶级女士参与象征秩序而出现的。由于无法在这些想象和象征的身份所必需的自我调解中找到满足,她根本没有任何身份。相反,只有在死亡中,凯瑟琳才能从身份认同的痛苦中解脱出来。通过在她的一生中寻找一个完全实现的自我意识,本文试图说明拉康如何为理解凯瑟琳的内心冲突提供了一个框架,揭示了在外部对象或系统中寻找自我的根本徒劳。
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引用次数: 0
Retransmission of Culture through Literary Translation: Turkish–Ukrainian Interliterary Contact 文学翻译中的文化再传播:土耳其-乌克兰文学间接触
IF 0.1 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.5325/intelitestud.25.3.0354
I. Prushkovska
abstract:This article is devoted to the dialogue of Ukrainian and Turkish literatures, which has more than a century of history. The article explores the history of the origin and development of literary contact between Ukraine and Turkey and the current state and prospects of development of Ukrainian–Turkish relations are considered in detail. Particular attention is paid to the influence of translations on the formation of images of each other in the minds of Turks and Ukrainians; the transformation of images in the minds of both peoples through the presentation of different genres of literature, from the twentieth century to the present day, is emphasized. The article also emphasizes the inequality of the functioning of Turkish and Ukrainian translations (translations of Turkish literature in Ukrainian predominate). The reasons for this inequality are the pressure on Ukrainian culture from the Russian, the unfamiliarity of the Ukrainian language and culture among Turkish scholars, and the problem of identifying Ukraine as an independent state in Turkey in the twentieth century.
本文致力于乌克兰和土耳其文学的对话,这是一个多世纪的历史。本文探讨了乌克兰与土耳其文学交往的起源和发展历史,并对乌土关系的现状和发展前景进行了详细的思考。特别关注翻译对土耳其人和乌克兰人心中彼此形象形成的影响;从二十世纪到现在,通过呈现不同的文学体裁,强调了两国人民心中形象的转变。文章还强调了土耳其语和乌克兰语翻译功能的不平等(乌克兰语的土耳其文学翻译占主导地位)。造成这种不平等的原因是俄罗斯对乌克兰文化的压力,土耳其学者对乌克兰语言和文化的不熟悉,以及20世纪土耳其将乌克兰视为一个独立国家的问题。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Interdisciplinary Literary Studies
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