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Teaching Decolonizing and Indigenizing Curatorial and Museum Practices 教学非殖民化和本土化策展和博物馆实践
IF 1.3 0 ART Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.3167/armw.2022.100109
Laura Phillips
Decolonizing and Indigenizing work needs to be done in museums and our day-to-day lives. On Turtle Island or so-called North America, the current settler colonial states add urgency to this work. Many settlers live on stolen land and benefit from colonial structures in ways that Indigenous friends, colleagues, and hosts do not. This article presents a self-reflective account of two museum studies courses I have been part of developing and delivering that incorporate decolonizing and Indigenizing principles. From my white settler perspective, I discuss the need for settlers to educate (or reeducate) ourselves as museum practitioners by putting decolonizing and Indigenizing words into conversation with our accountabilities in daily life.
非殖民化和本土化工作需要在博物馆和我们的日常生活中进行。在龟岛或所谓的北美,目前的移民殖民国家增加了这项工作的紧迫性。许多移民生活在被掠夺的土地上,并以土著朋友、同事和主人没有的方式从殖民结构中受益。本文介绍了我参与开发和提供的两门博物馆研究课程的自我反思,这两门课程结合了非殖民化和本土化原则。我从白人定居者的角度出发,讨论了作为博物馆从业者,定居者需要通过将非殖民化和本土化的词语与我们日常生活中的责任对话,来教育(或再教育)自己。
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引用次数: 1
Report on Heritage and Community 文物与社区报告
IF 1.3 0 ART Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.3167/armw.2022.100118
Pan Luo
Organized by the Chinese National Museum of Ethnology and Yunnan University, the Third Biennial International Museum Anthropology Conference took place 30–31 October 2021. Seventy-six scholars in the fields of museum studies and anthropology from around the world joined the conference online to explore the theme of “Heritage and Community.” The purpose of this conference is to take museum anthropology as an analytic framework to explore how ethnic minorities, nation-states, and the global community engage with the values of integrity, harmony, strength, and vitality through materials and cultural heritage.
由中国民族学博物馆和云南大学联合主办的第三届国际博物馆人类学双年展将于2021年10月30日至31日举行。来自世界各地的博物馆研究和人类学领域的76位学者参加了这次在线会议,探讨了“遗产与社区”的主题。本次会议的目的是以博物馆人类学为分析框架,探讨少数民族、民族国家和全球社会如何通过材料和文化遗产来实现诚信、和谐、力量和活力的价值观。
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引用次数: 0
Climate Change and Resilience Perspectives 气候变化和复原力展望
IF 1.3 0 ART Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.3167/armw.2022.100105
Marcus Vinicius Rosário da Silva, Sheila Walbe Ornstein
Brazilian museum operations and maintenance practices, as well as collections and educational activities, can be important actors in communicating the risks of climate change and can be examples of best practice in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Documentary research for this article was conducted with museum institutions that promote operations and maintenance best practices applicable to the sector in Brazil. As a result, Brazilian cases were assessed for greenhouse gas emission and sustainable practice metrics focusing on energy efficiency. The results still show a low Brazilian commitment by the museum sector in the combat against climate change.
巴西博物馆的运营和维护实践,以及收藏和教育活动,可以成为宣传气候变化风险的重要行为体,也可以成为减少温室气体排放的最佳实践范例。本文的文献研究是与博物馆机构一起进行的,这些机构促进了适用于巴西该部门的操作和维护最佳实践。因此,对巴西的案例进行了温室气体排放和以能源效率为重点的可持续实践指标的评估。结果仍然表明,巴西博物馆部门在应对气候变化方面的承诺很低。
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引用次数: 0
Special Section 特殊的部分
IF 1.3 0 ART Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.3167/armw.2022.100119
H. Morphy, Jason M. Gibson, Alison Brown
Anthropology, Art, and Ethnographic Collections: A Conversation with Howard MorphyJason M. Gibson (JG): In your book Museums, Infinity and the Culture of Protocols: Ethnographic Collections and Source Communities (Morphy 2020), you begin with an anecdote of visiting the Pitt Rivers Museum as a young child. Did museums play a part in sparking an interest in humanity, and its diversity, or were you fascinated by the Other?Book Review: Museums, Societies and the Creation of Value, Howard Morphy and Robyn McKenzie, eds. (London: Routledge, 2022)What does value mean within and beyond museum contexts? What are the processes through which value is manifested? How might a deeper understanding of these processes contribute to the practice of museum anthropology? These questions are explored in Museums, Societies and the Creation of Value, which looks at collaborative work in museums using ethnographic collections as a focus. Most of the chapters involve collections from Australia and the Pacific—reflecting the origins of many of them in two conferences associated with the project “The Relational Museum and Its Objects,” funded by the Australian Research Council and the Australian National University and led by Howard Morphy. Bringing together early career researchers, as well as museum-based scholars who have many years of thinking through and learning with community-based research partners, makes evident how the processual shifts in museum anthropology toward a more collaboratively grounded practice have become normalized, but crucially also highlights the value of “slow museology,” as the editors note in their introduction (3), acknowledging Raymond Silverman’s (2015) term. While the editors caution that the core values of ethnographic collections and museums are not universal, the inclusion of chapters from beyond the Australia/Pacific region highlights that the foundational underpinning values and aspirations for cross-cultural work—“the desire for understanding” and “the desire to be understood” (22) are shaping much of the innovative museum-based work currently being carried out worldwide. Examples include Gwyneira Isaac’s chapter on 3D technologies of reproduction and their value for Tlingit of Alaska, and Henrietta Lidchi and Nicole Hartwell’s examination of how materiality and memory intersect in collections associated with nineteenth-century British military campaigns.
杰森·m·吉布森(JG):在你的书《博物馆、无限和协议文化:民族志收藏和来源社区》(Morphy 2020)中,你从小时候参观皮特河博物馆的轶事开始。博物馆是否在激发人们对人类及其多样性的兴趣方面发挥了作用,还是你对他者着迷?《书评:博物馆、社会与价值创造》,霍华德·莫菲、罗宾·麦肯齐主编。(伦敦:劳特利奇出版社,2022)在博物馆内外,价值意味着什么?价值体现的过程是什么?对这些过程的深入理解如何有助于博物馆人类学的实践?这些问题在博物馆、社团和价值创造中进行了探讨,它以民族志收藏为重点,研究博物馆的合作工作。大多数章节涉及澳大利亚和太平洋地区的藏品,反映了其中许多藏品的起源,这些藏品是由澳大利亚研究委员会和澳大利亚国立大学资助,霍华德·莫菲(Howard Morphy)领导的“关系博物馆及其物品”项目相关的两次会议上产生的。汇集早期的职业研究人员,以及以博物馆为基础的学者,他们与社区研究伙伴进行了多年的思考和学习,这清楚地表明,博物馆人类学的过程如何向更加协作的实践转变已经变得常态化,但至关重要的是,也强调了“缓慢博物馆学”的价值,正如编辑在介绍中所指出的那样(3),承认雷蒙德·西尔弗曼(2015)的术语。虽然编辑们警告说,民族志收藏和博物馆的核心价值并不具有普遍性,但包括来自澳大利亚/太平洋地区以外的章节强调了跨文化工作的基本支撑价值和愿望-“理解的愿望”和“被理解的愿望”(22)正在塑造目前在世界范围内开展的许多创新博物馆工作。例如,格温内拉·艾萨克(Gwyneira Isaac)关于3D复制技术及其对阿拉斯加特林吉特(Tlingit)的价值的章节,以及亨丽埃塔·利迪奇(Henrietta Lidchi)和妮可·哈特韦尔(Nicole Hartwell)关于物质和记忆如何在与19世纪英国军事行动相关的收藏品中相交的研究。
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引用次数: 0
Changing Times - A Time for Change 变化的时代——变革的时代
IF 1.3 0 ART Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.3167/armw.2022.100111
Noga Raved, Havatzelet Yahel
The current research analyzes worldwide trends in which museums acted in response to a new global social health order. It is based on information from a survey we conducted among members of the International Committee of Regional Museums in addition to other surveys conducted by international museums and cultural bodies. We tried to understand how museums can remain relevant to their audiences, how they might evolve in this changing environment, and how they operate to reflect the new situation. Our main findings show that various methods were used, including shifting to digital platforms, changing physical operations, refocusing on local audiences, collecting materials relating to the COVID-19 crisis, and curating special exhibitions dedicated to the pandemic and its impact on daily lives.
目前的研究分析了博物馆为应对新的全球社会卫生秩序而采取行动的全球趋势。它是基于我们在国际地区博物馆委员会成员中进行的一项调查的信息,以及国际博物馆和文化机构进行的其他调查。我们试图了解博物馆如何与观众保持联系,它们如何在不断变化的环境中发展,以及它们如何运作以反映新形势。我们的主要研究结果表明,使用了各种方法,包括转向数字平台,改变实体业务,重新关注当地受众,收集与COVID-19危机有关的材料,以及策划专门针对大流行及其对日常生活的影响的特别展览。
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引用次数: 1
Report on The Museum as Archive: Using the Past in the Present and Future 博物馆作为档案馆:利用过去的现在和未来的报告
IF 1.3 0 ART Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.3167/armw.2022.100117
Miranda Johnson
In December 2021, the Centre for Research on Colonial Culture at the University of Otago (Dunedin campus) hosted an online symposium, convening Indigenous and non-Indigenous scholars to talk about their work in and with museum and archival collections in the Pacific region. Held over three days, with morning and late afternoon sessions timed to facilitate maximum participation, attendees Zoomed in from Rapa Nui, Munich, New York, Honolulu, Sydney, Melbourne, Auckland, and Wellington. The symposium brought together practitioners, curators, artists, and scholars in a stimulating exchange that will continue into publication.
2021年12月,奥塔哥大学(达尼丁校区)殖民文化研究中心举办了一次在线研讨会,召集土著和非土著学者讨论他们在太平洋地区博物馆和档案收藏中的工作。会议持续了三天,上午和下午晚些时候安排了会议,以促进最大程度的参与,与会者从拉帕努伊岛、慕尼黑、纽约、檀香山、悉尼、墨尔本、奥克兰和惠灵顿蜂拥而来。研讨会将从业者、策展人、艺术家和学者聚集在一起,进行激动人心的交流,这些交流将继续出版。
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引用次数: 0
Architectures of Appropriation 挪用架构
IF 1.3 0 ART Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.3167/armw.2022.100103
Leonie Treier
The Maisons Tropicales are three prefabricated housing structures designed by Jean Prouvé. Fabricated in France, they were transported to and assembled in Brazzaville and Niamey, then part of the French colonies, around 1950. Their design was tied closely to the belief in the so-called civilizing and enlightening power of European modernist design and, thereby, also the French colonial agenda. In the early 2000s, an American collector, Robert Rubin, and a French art dealer, Eric Touchaleaume, “repatriated” the houses to France. There, they were transformed into and celebrated as icons of French modern design, while their colonial histories were ignored. This article analyzes the importance of discourse in this transformation and how it reflects ongoing dynamics of power and dispossession in the art world. Rubin and Touchaleaume simultaneously employed conflicting narratives mirroring anthropological “salvage” and “repatriation” discourses to describe the Maisons’ removal. The case study highlights the moral weight associated with the language around processes of repatriation, the nested relationships between heritage and the market, and the continuation of colonial practices of dispossession.
Maisons Tropicales是由Jean prouv设计的三个预制房屋结构。它们在法国制造,然后在1950年左右被运送到布拉柴维尔和尼亚美(当时是法国殖民地的一部分)并进行组装。他们的设计与所谓的欧洲现代主义设计的文明和启蒙力量的信仰密切相关,因此也与法国的殖民议程密切相关。21世纪初,美国收藏家罗伯特·鲁宾(Robert Rubin)和法国艺术品经销商埃里克·图查勒姆(Eric Touchaleaume)将这些房子“遣返”回法国。在那里,它们被改造成法国现代设计的象征,并受到颂扬,而它们的殖民历史却被忽视了。本文分析了话语在这种转变中的重要性,以及它如何反映艺术世界中权力和剥夺的持续动态。Rubin和Touchaleaume同时使用了反映人类学“打捞”和“遣返”话语的相互矛盾的叙述来描述Maisons的搬迁。该案例研究突出了与遣返过程相关的语言、遗产与市场之间的嵌套关系以及殖民剥夺实践的延续有关的道德重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Museums and the Citizenship of Hate 博物馆和仇恨的公民
IF 1.3 0 ART Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.3167/armw.2022.100102
Kylie Message
This article asks if and how national museums today, which have in recent decades adopted a remit for social rights activism, have an obligation to engage with a broad spectrum of political participation and expression, including contemporary forms of far-right extremism and white grievance politics. How can museums engage with and respond meaningfully to the upsurge in acts of violence perpetrated in the name of structural, collective, and personal ideologies based on hate, xenophobia, and racism? Responding to these questions requires museums to move beyond acts of symbolic national commemoration and grapple with the human expressions and experiences of hate. Drawing on current museum scholarship and practice that is increasingly open to embracing research into studies of emotion and affect, as well as activism and its shifting narratives, the article concludes that the task of curatorial activism should be focused on effecting processes of structural—internal, institutional—change. Furthermore, this process can lead to the understanding that our forms of being human are not just related to our interpersonal interactions in the private sphere but also influence all aspects of civic and institutional life—including the ones that raise difficult questions or unpalatable truths about who we are, individually, and as citizens of the worlds to which we contribute.
本文提出的问题是,在近几十年来承担了社会权利活动职责的今天,国家博物馆是否以及如何有义务参与广泛的政治参与和表达,包括当代形式的极右翼极端主义和白人不满政治。基于仇恨、仇外心理和种族主义,以结构性、集体和个人意识形态的名义实施的暴力行为激增,博物馆如何参与并做出有意义的回应?要回答这些问题,博物馆必须超越象征性的国家纪念活动,努力解决人类对仇恨的表达和经历。根据目前博物馆的学术研究和实践,对情感和情感的研究以及行动主义及其转变叙事的研究越来越开放,文章得出结论,策展行动主义的任务应该集中在影响结构内部和制度变革的过程上。此外,这一过程可以使我们认识到,我们作为人的形式不仅与我们在私人领域的人际交往有关,而且还影响到公民和制度生活的各个方面——包括那些提出难题或令人不快的事实的问题,这些问题关乎我们是谁,无论是个人还是作为我们所贡献的世界的公民。
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引用次数: 1
Citizen Curators 公民策展人
IF 1.3 0 ART Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.3167/armw.2022.100107
Tehmina Goskar
This article presents findings and reflections of the Citizen Curators program, designed and led by the author on behalf of Cornwall Museums Partnership and seven participating museums. Dubbed an experiment in cultural democracy, as well as providing a novel alternative pathway into museum work, Citizen Curators took place between 2017 and 2021 with four cohorts resulting in more than 80 successful completers, one-fifth of whom went on to jobs in the sector. The program was designed as an action research project in curatorial education in an era of equity, socially engaged practice, and ethical awareness. The article presents qualitative and quantitative findings on the program’s design, impact, and what was learned about the realities of cocuration, diversity, and inclusion over the four-year program.
本文介绍了公民策展人计划的发现和思考,该计划由作者代表康沃尔博物馆合作组织和七家参与博物馆设计和领导。公民策展人被称为文化民主的实验,并为博物馆工作提供了一种新颖的替代途径,在2017年至2021年期间进行了四个队列,导致80多名成功完成,其中五分之一的人继续在该部门工作。该计划被设计为在公平,社会参与实践和道德意识时代策展教育的行动研究项目。本文介绍了该项目设计、影响的定性和定量结果,以及在四年的项目中对合作、多样性和包容性的现实的了解。
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引用次数: 0
Contextualizing the Artistic Repertoire in Museums 博物馆艺术曲目的语境化
IF 1.3 0 ART Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.3167/armw.2022.100108
Liora Aldes, Tally Katz-Gerro
To remain financially sustainable while promoting cultural activity and operating within artistic, symbolic, and cultural norms, museums must consider a multitude of commercial and organizational elements. This article examines the impact of economic, organizational, and structural characteristics of art museums on the repertoire of art they exhibit. Using a mixed-methods approach, we draw on data pertaining to 11 art museums in Israel that are supported by the Ministry of Culture, analyzing administrative data collected yearly from the museums from 2000 to 2014. Next, we analyze 20 interviews with museum directors, curators, and artists to further explore the findings that emerge from the analysis of administrative data. Findings indicate three factors that influence a museum’s artistic repertoire: revenue structure, museum location (center or periphery), and the museum director’s preferences. We discuss these factors and explain the significant role that nonartistic factors play in shaping cultural outcomes.
为了在促进文化活动和在艺术、象征和文化规范范围内运作的同时保持财政上的可持续性,博物馆必须考虑众多的商业和组织因素。本文考察了艺术博物馆的经济、组织和结构特征对其展出的艺术曲目的影响。采用混合方法,我们利用了以色列文化部支持的11家艺术博物馆的数据,分析了从2000年到2014年每年从博物馆收集的行政数据。接下来,我们分析了20位博物馆馆长、策展人和艺术家的访谈,以进一步探索从行政数据分析中得出的结论。研究结果表明,影响博物馆艺术曲目的三个因素:收入结构、博物馆位置(中心或外围)和博物馆馆长的偏好。我们讨论了这些因素,并解释了非艺术因素在塑造文化成果中所起的重要作用。
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引用次数: 0
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Museum Worlds
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