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Climate Change and the Museum 气候变化与博物馆
IF 1.3 0 ART Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.3167/armw.2023.110106
David C. Harvey
Recent years have seen an increasing prominence of anthropogenic climate change issues within museums. While climate change itself has become a central theme for many exhibitions, some museums are, themselves, under threat from climate change. Within many industrial museums, however, there has been surprisingly little critical self-reflection, leaving themes of climate change both central and unsaid. Developing cases studies of Ironbridge Gorge (Shropshire, UK) and Heartlands (Cornwall, UK), this essay explores how certain museums have celebrated, often uncritically, the capacity for humans to alter the climate. Drawing parallels with how postcolonial theory has prompted critical self-reflection, the article examines how the climate crisis provides an imperative for museums both to explore their role in climate injustice and to seize a critical opportunity to make a contribution towards sustainable decarbonization. The article, therefore, calls for contemporary museum ambitions towards decolonization to be matched by activities that have an ambition towards decarbonization.
近年来,博物馆中的人为气候变化问题日益突出。气候变化本身已成为许多展览的中心主题,而一些博物馆本身也受到气候变化的威胁。然而,在许多工业博物馆中,令人吃惊的是,几乎没有进行批判性的自我反思,气候变化的主题既是核心,也没有说出来。本文通过对铁桥峡谷(英国什罗普郡)和心脏地带(英国康沃尔郡)的案例研究,探讨了某些博物馆是如何赞美人类改变气候的能力的,而且往往是不加批判地赞美。与后殖民理论如何促使博物馆进行批判性的自我反思相似,文章探讨了气候危机如何为博物馆提供了一个当务之急,既要探讨其在气候不公正中的作用,又要抓住关键机遇,为可持续的去碳化做出贡献。因此,文章呼吁当代博物馆在实现非殖民化的雄心壮志的同时,也要开展实现去碳化的活动。
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引用次数: 0
Air Connectivity and Proximity of Large Airports as an Added Value for Museums 航空连通性和邻近大型机场为博物馆带来的附加值
IF 1.3 0 ART Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.3167/armw.2023.110112
L. Florido-Benítez
Museum studies is an academic and practical field of research that provides new challenges and opportunities to researchers thanks to the extraordinary growth of museums worldwide in the last 20 years (McCarthy and Brown 2022). There is, however, a need for more research on museum economics, including tourism (Silberberg and Lord 2015). The tourism industry has become the cornerstone of the economy for most of the world's tourist destinations thanks to the aviation industry, especially in the capital cities of developed countries where large airports are localized, as well as providing a high level of connectivity in the rest of the country. Tourism is highly dependent on the aviation sector (Florido-Benítez 2022a; 2022b). The World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) indicates that air travel is the most popular choice of travel for leisure tourism (UNWTO 2020; 2021), and inside the tourism industry, museums represent a growing attraction for international tourists (Nowacki and Kruczek 2021). They help drive the tourism and aviation sectors, and play a cultural and economic role in their communities (Florido-Benítez 2023; Maxim 2017). City museums around the world empower their visitors to consider their roles as active city comakers (Grincheva 2022). “Superstar museums,” which are a “must see” for tourists and have achieved cult status (Frey 1998), depend on digital and physical positioning in the media (Plaza et al. 2022).
博物馆研究是一个兼具学术性和实用性的研究领域,在过去 20 年中,全世界的博物馆都在飞速发展,这为研究人员提供了新的挑战和机遇(McCarthy 和 Brown,2022 年)。然而,还需要对包括旅游业在内的博物馆经济学进行更多研究(Silberberg 和 Lord,2015 年)。得益于航空业的发展,旅游业已成为世界上大多数旅游目的地的经济基石,尤其是在发达国家的首都城市,大型机场不仅是当地的经济支柱,还为该国其他地区提供了高度的连通性。旅游业高度依赖航空业(Florido-Benítez,2022a;2022b)。世界旅游组织(UNWTO)指出,航空旅行是休闲旅游中最受欢迎的旅行选择(UNWTO 2020;2021),而在旅游业内部,博物馆对国际游客的吸引力与日俱增(Nowacki 和 Kruczek 2021)。博物馆有助于推动旅游业和航空业的发展,并在其所在社区发挥着文化和经济作用(Florido-Benítez,2023 年;Maxim,2017 年)。世界各地的城市博物馆让参观者考虑自己作为积极的城市缔造者的角色(格林切娃,2022 年)。"超级明星博物馆 "是游客的 "必游之地",并获得了崇拜者的地位(Frey,1998 年),它们依赖于媒体中的数字和实体定位(Plaza 等,2022 年)。
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引用次数: 0
Revisiting Cultural Participation in Museums 重新审视博物馆的文化参与
IF 1.3 0 ART Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.3167/armw.2023.110107
Leticia Pérez-Castellanos
This article aims to deepen theoretical and practical engagement with the work of cultural participation in museums from the perspective of early outreach experiences in Mexico. The ideas and practices concerning museums’ social role and their commitment to communities have been consolidating for decades, from conceiving the museum as being “at the service of society” to museum and society working hand in hand. Using La Casa del Museo (1972–1980) as a case in point, this article shows how early experiences and thoughts in Latin America—often unknown to the English-speaking world—contributed to this change of perspectives. Moreover, from a theoretical point of view, it offers a review of cultural participation, its potential contributions as well as its problems and limitations, including the author's model of Holistic Cultural Participation. From a practical perspective, the article shows how this project worked on the outskirts of Mexico City in the seventies and its long-term effects.
本文旨在从墨西哥早期外联经验的角度,深化博物馆文化参与工作的理论和实践。几十年来,有关博物馆的社会角色及其对社区的承诺的理念和实践一直在不断巩固,从认为博物馆 "为社会服务 "到博物馆与社会携手合作。本文以《博物馆之家》(La Casa del Museo,1972-1980 年)为例,展示了拉丁美洲的早期经验和思想是如何促成这一观点转变的--英语世界往往对此一无所知。此外,从理论角度看,文章回顾了文化参与、其潜在的贡献及其问题和局限性,包括作者提出的 "整体文化参与 "模式。从实践角度看,文章介绍了该项目在七十年代墨西哥城郊区的运作情况及其长期影响。
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引用次数: 0
“The Museum is for All Cultures” "博物馆为所有文化服务"
IF 1.3 0 ART Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.3167/armw.2023.110104
M. Sagiya, Plan Shenjere-Nyabezi
Worldwide, community museums can play an important role in regenerating and safeguarding Indigenous living cultures. The aim of this article is to explore and examine the complex socio-cultural context of the Nambya Community Museum (NCM), located in Hwange district, north-western Zimbabwe. Over the past 18 years, a web of multiple stakeholders has struggled to find common ground on what and whose cultural heritage the NCM should represent. As a result, many often conflicting views and attitudes held by different stakeholders have emerged concerning the present or future status and the purpose of the NCM. In this article we deploy multivocality theory, and rely on qualitative data collected during a large-scale archeological and heritage management research project to present and discuss a wide range of conceptual and practical issues confronting the NCM. We situate this case study within current global conversations about the ideal museum of the present and the future.
在世界范围内,社区博物馆可在振兴和保护土著活文化方面发挥重要作用。本文旨在探讨和研究位于津巴布韦西北部 Hwange 地区的 Nambya 社区博物馆 (NCM) 的复杂社会文化背景。在过去的 18 年中,多方利益相关者一直在努力寻找共同点,以确定 NCM 应该代表什么以及谁的文化遗产。因此,不同的利益相关者对 NCM 目前或未来的地位和目的往往持有许多相互冲突的观点和态度。在这篇文章中,我们运用多元社会性理论,并依靠在一个大型考古和遗产管理研究项目中收集的定性数据,介绍并讨论了国家协调机制所面临的各种概念和实际问题。我们将这一案例研究置于当前关于当前和未来理想博物馆的全球对话之中。
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引用次数: 0
Exhibition Reviews 展览回顾
IF 1.3 0 ART Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.3167/armw.2023.110119
Isabelle Gapp, Rose Taylor, Ching-yueh Hsieh, Jingjing Zhou, Caroline Colbran, Emily Poore
In the almost four years since The Arctic: While the Ice Is Melting opened (October 2019), we have experienced a global pandemic and now find ourselves teetering on the edge of catastrophic ice melt. With exhibits, elaborate installations, ceiling projections, and interactive stations, this award-winning exhibition frames Indigenous communities and the work of non-Indigenous researchers through the omnipresence of ice and ice melt around the Arctic, encompassing Alaska, Inuit Nunangat (Canada), Kalaallit Nunaat (Greenland), Iceland, Svalbard and Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Russia. It is expansive in its thematic outlook and asks us to think about an Arctic without ice and the implications of this for Indigenous societies and cultures. With the exhibition extended throughout 2023, and given the latest news on predicted summer sea ice levels, the urgency of its message is perhaps now even more palpable.
自 "北极:冰雪消融 "展览开幕(2019 年 10 月)以来的近四年时间里,我们经历了一场全球大流行病,现在又发现自己正徘徊在灾难性冰雪消融的边缘。这个屡获殊荣的展览通过展品、精心制作的装置、天花板投影和互动站,将原住民社区和非原住民研究人员的工作框定在北极无处不在的冰与冰融化中,包括阿拉斯加、因努伊特努南加特(加拿大)、卡拉利特努南加特(格陵兰岛)、冰岛、斯瓦尔巴特群岛和挪威、瑞典、芬兰和俄罗斯。展览的主题范围很广,要求我们思考一个没有冰的北极,以及这对土著社会和文化的影响。展览将持续到 2023 年,考虑到有关夏季海冰水平预测的最新消息,其所传达信息的紧迫性现在可能更加明显。
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引用次数: 0
“What Am I Supposed To Say?” "我该说什么?"
IF 1.3 0 ART Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.3167/armw.2023.110103
Megan Mulder
Since its closure in 2001, the San diorama at the South African Museum has dominated much of South Africa's critical museology. In recent years, there has been a significant drive for more sustained engagement with particular San communities by museums in Cape Town. This article utilizes the experiences of practitioners at the South African Museum and !Khwa ttu San Heritage Centre to ask questions about how knowledge is produced in the space that the closure of the diorama left behind, reflecting, in particular, on the epistemological contours of San participation in exhibitionary practice.
自 2001 年关闭以来,南非博物馆的鄯族透视画一直占据着南非批判博物馆学的主导地位。近年来,开普敦的博物馆一直在大力推动与特定鄯族社区进行更持久的接触。本文利用南非博物馆和 !Khwa ttu 桑族遗产中心从业人员的经验,提出了关于如何在透视画关闭后留下的空间中创造知识的问题,特别反映了桑族参与展览实践的认识论轮廓。
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引用次数: 0
Empowering Learners through the Integration of Museum Experiences and Digital Technologies 通过整合博物馆体验和数字技术增强学习者的能力
IF 1.3 0 ART Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.3167/armw.2023.110115
Chang Xu, Tara Fagan
In the twenty-first century, it is imperative for museums to strive towards the dual objective of educating and entertaining audiences, while effectively adapting to rapid advancements in technology (Merritt 2014). This pursuit has resulted in the emergence of the term “edutainment” to describe museums that amalgamate educational and entertainment functions (Rahimi et al. 2022). Technological interventions have played a pivotal role in facilitating this convergence as they enable the integration of diverse digital resources and tools, fostering interactive and immersive learning experiences for learners while connecting to the taonga (treasures) that museums care for.
在二十一世纪,博物馆必须努力实现教育和娱乐观众的双重目标,同时有效地适应技术的快速发展(Merritt,2014 年)。这种追求导致了 "寓教于乐 "一词的出现,用来描述将教育和娱乐功能融为一体的博物馆(Rahimi 等人,2022 年)。技术干预在促进这种融合方面发挥了关键作用,因为它们能够整合各种数字资源和工具,为学习者提供互动和身临其境的学习体验,同时与博物馆所珍视的 "宝藏"(taonga)建立联系。
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引用次数: 0
Indigenous Wāhine Talking Critically in the Museum Space 原住民Wāhine在博物馆空间中的批判性对话
IF 1.3 0 ART Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.3167/armw.2022.100116
Joanna Cobley, Nālani Wilson-Hokowhitu, Maree Mills, Rachel Yates
As greater numbers of community groups experience social disconnect, museums need to find better methods of engagement in order to remain relevant. We know that museums are no longer neutral spaces; in fact, they have a role to play in activism, which means they can shift their mission to support local communities celebrate and protect their Indigenous heritage (Drubay and Singhal 2020; Message 2018; Shelton 2013). What follows is a meditation by researchers in Aotearoa New Zealand who engage with Pacific-Indigenous concepts and museum practice in unique ways. Our big idea is to see “Oceania through Indigenous eyes” (Lagi-Maama 2019: 291) and, in particular, the eyes of Nālani Wilson-Hokowhitu with mo‘okū‘auhau to Kalapana, Hawai‘i, and Moloka‘i Nui a Hina; Maree Mills with whakapapa to Tongariro, Taupō, and Ngāti Tūwharetoa; and Rachel Yates, who hails from Vaisala, Sāmoa. As a collective, their curatorial talano kaōrero/mo‘olelo/stories connect to current debates in the museum world where local problems need local solutions. In this instance, Wilson-Hokowhitu and Mills share the ideas that shaped their mahi at Waikato Museum Te Whare Taonga o Waikato in Hamilton, and Yates has just finished a COVID-19 project as Curator of Pacific Cultures at the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa in Wellington.
随着越来越多的社区团体经历社会脱节,博物馆需要找到更好的参与方式,以保持相关性。我们知道博物馆不再是中立的空间;事实上,他们可以在行动主义中发挥作用,这意味着他们可以转变使命,支持当地社区庆祝和保护土著遗产(Drubay和Singhal 2020;消息2018;谢尔顿2013)。接下来是新西兰奥特罗阿的研究人员的冥想,他们以独特的方式参与太平洋土著概念和博物馆实践。我们的大想法是“通过土著的眼睛看大洋洲”(Lagi-Maama 2019: 291),特别是Nālani Wilson-Hokowhitu的眼睛,带着mo ' oki ' auhau去卡拉帕纳、夏威夷和莫洛卡伊努伊亚中国;Maree Mills带着whakapapa去了汤加里罗、陶普吉和Ngāti Tūwharetoa;以及来自维萨拉的雷切尔·耶茨(Sāmoa)。作为一个集体,他们的策展talano kaōrero/mo 'olelo /故事与当前博物馆界的争论有关,即当地问题需要当地解决方案。在这种情况下,威尔逊-霍科惠图和米尔斯在汉密尔顿怀卡托博物馆的Whare Taonga o怀卡托分享了塑造他们的mahi的想法,耶茨刚刚在惠灵顿新西兰博物馆担任太平洋文化馆长,完成了一个COVID-19项目。
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引用次数: 0
The Representation of “Difficult Pasts” in Military Museums 军事博物馆对“艰难过去”的再现
IF 1.3 0 ART Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.3167/armw.2022.100106
A. Caiado
This work addresses how the history of the Portuguese colonial war and its mnemonic productions are (non)represented in the Portuguese Armed Forces museums (Army, Air Force, and Navy). Through an analysis of the textual and visual contents of the exhibitions, activity reports, and institutional communication texts; site visits; and interviews with the museums’ staff, I seek to identify and examine the contexts of creation of these spaces and the production of the exhibitions’ content. I conclude that these spaces manifest the complexity of addressing the colonial war and colonial pasts and communicating “difficult pasts” in military museums. When the topic is addressed, the exhibitions tend to focus on the Portuguese perspective of the conflict and elide its colonial nature. I advocate a reformulation of the colonial war musealization, in order to avoid the normalization of warfare and provide more plural and complex perspectives on this historical phenomenon.
这项工作解决了葡萄牙殖民战争的历史及其助记符产品是如何(非)在葡萄牙武装部队博物馆(陆军,空军和海军)中呈现的。通过对展览、活动报道和机构传播文本的文本和视觉内容的分析;网站访问;通过对博物馆工作人员的采访,我试图识别和检查这些空间的创作背景和展览内容的生产。我的结论是,这些空间表明了在军事博物馆中处理殖民战争和殖民历史以及传达“艰难的过去”的复杂性。当谈到这个话题时,展览往往侧重于葡萄牙人对冲突的看法,而忽略了其殖民性质。我主张对殖民战争博物馆化进行重新表述,以避免战争的正常化,并为这一历史现象提供更多元、更复杂的视角。
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引用次数: 0
The Many Faces of Gaia’s Response-ability 盖亚反应能力的多面性
IF 1.3 0 ART Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.3167/armw.2022.100114
Joana Formosinho
The Critical Zones project is a multipronged intervention toward what it calls earthly politics—transforming human engagement with Earth’s processes. The project centers on an exhibition at the ZKM Center for Art and Media Karlsruhe, Germany—an institution known for its experiments in culture-making at the intersection of art, science, and politics. French academic Bruno Latour has long collaborated with the ZKM and its director, Peter Weibel. Critical Zones is their most recent collaboration, co-curated with Bettina Korintenberg and Martin Guinard.
“关键地带”项目是一项多管齐下的干预,旨在改变人类对地球进程的参与,即所谓的地球政治。该项目以德国卡尔斯鲁厄ZKM艺术与媒体中心的展览为中心,该中心以其在艺术、科学和政治交叉领域的文化创作实验而闻名。法国学者布鲁诺·拉图尔(Bruno Latour)与ZKM及其主任彼得·韦贝尔(Peter Weibel)长期合作。Critical Zones是他们与Bettina korintberg和Martin Guinard共同策划的最新合作。
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引用次数: 0
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Museum Worlds
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