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Results from a 750 kJ Computer Controlled Sequentially-Fired Pulse Forming Network 750 kJ计算机控制顺序发射脉冲形成网络的结果
Pub Date : 2006-05-14 DOI: 10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365273
W. Nunnally, S. Huenefeldt, T. Engel
The design of a 750 kJ sequentially-fired pulse forming network (SFPFN) is described and recent experimental results in the case of a linear load are presented and compared with simulations. The principal advantages of the sequentially fired network over its passive analogue are its utility in both linear and non-linear load applications. Operation of the SFPFN consists of charging multiple capacitor banks to various levels and sequentially firing these banks into the load at appropriate times. The load characteristics and desired pulse attributes determine the module charge voltage and sequential firing schedule. The SFPFN uses a computer controlled field programmable gate array (FPGA) to trigger the individual module firing intervals. The use of a computer controlled firing circuit provides an opportunity to incorporate realtime load monitoring and feedback to select optimal firing times and durations based on dynamic load conditions. Real-time monitoring also allows for firing sequence abortion in the event of a fault or other potentially harmful event. The charging controller features a computer monitoring and control system to allow a single power supply to charge multiple capacitor modules by an array of switching relays, even though each module may be charged to a different voltage. In linear load testing, the SFPFN provided a relatively constant current pulse to a resistive load
介绍了750 kJ顺序发射脉冲形成网络(SFPFN)的设计,并给出了线性负载下的最新实验结果,并与仿真结果进行了比较。顺序点火网络相对于无源模拟的主要优点是它在线性和非线性负载应用中的实用性。SFPFN的操作包括将多个电容器组充电到不同的水平,并在适当的时间将这些电容器组依次发射到负载中。负载特性和期望的脉冲属性决定了模块的充电电压和顺序发射时间表。SFPFN使用计算机控制的现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)来触发各个模块的发射间隔。使用计算机控制的发射电路提供了一个机会,结合实时负载监测和反馈,选择基于动态负载条件的最佳发射时间和持续时间。实时监控还允许在发生故障或其他潜在有害事件时终止发射序列。充电控制器具有计算机监控系统,允许单个电源通过一组开关继电器为多个电容器模块充电,即使每个模块可能被充电到不同的电压。在线性负载测试中,SFPFN为电阻性负载提供相对恒定的电流脉冲
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引用次数: 7
Dual Polarity MV Marx Generator System 双极性中压马克思发电机系统
Pub Date : 2006-05-14 DOI: 10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365307
J. Mayes, E. Eubank, M. Lara, M. Mayes
Two compact MV Marx generators are arranged to fire into a common spark gap and designed to deliver pulsed voltages in excess of 3 MV. Each generator is characterized by 40 stages of 8.1 nF capacitance and a charge voltage from 20-40 kV, which results in an erected voltage of up to 1.6 MV and pulse energies of more than 250 J. Each generator has an integrated controllable power supply and pressure control, and is battery powered. The two generators are charged with opposite polarity voltages, which can result in a differential pulsed magnitude of 3.2 MV. A central thyratron trigger source is remotely located and is designed for delivering two simultaneous high voltage trigger pulses to each generator. Design considerations are presented, as well as experimental results
两个紧凑的MV马克思发电机被安排到一个共同的火花间隙,并设计提供脉冲电压超过3毫伏。每台发电机的特点是40级8.1 nF电容和充电电压从20-40 kV,其结果是建立电压高达1.6 MV和脉冲能量超过250 J.每台发电机有一个集成的可控电源和压力控制,并由电池供电。两个发电机充电极性相反的电压,这可以产生3.2 MV的差分脉冲幅度。中央闸流管触发源位于远程位置,设计用于向每个发电机同时提供两个高压触发脉冲。提出了设计上的考虑,以及实验结果
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引用次数: 1
High Voltage and Auxiliary Power Supply System for 200kW CW Generator 200kW连续波发电机高压及辅助供电系统
Pub Date : 2006-05-14 DOI: 10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365234
Y. Srinivas, P. Khilar, M. Kushwah, K. Sathyanarayana, S. Kulkarni, B. Kadia, A. Makwana, K. Parmar, K. Parmar, S. Kumar, K. Rajneesh, H. M. Jadav, D. Bora
The 200 kW generator is designed and developed for ion cyclotron resonant heating (ICRH) experiments on Aditya Tokamak and 1.5 MW stage for SST-1 (steady-state super-conducting tokamak 1). The 200 kW stage uses 4CM 300,000GA tetrode. An existing DC power supply capable of delivering 30 kV, 20 A has successfully reconfigured with necessary protections and controls. This is being used for ICRH experiments in Aditya tokamak. screen grid power supply of 1 kVDC, 1 amp, filament power supply of 18 VAC, 430 Amp, have been developed in-house, while the control grid power supply is procured indigenously. High voltage power supplies for the pre-driver stage (2 kW), driver stage (20 kW) have been designed and commissioned along with necessary protections. All the high voltage and auxiliary power supplies can be operated and controlled in manual or remote mode through data acquisition and control (DAC) system. The existing 200 kW system would be augmented with the 1.5 MW stage for experiments on SST1 tokamak This paper presents the details of auxiliary and high voltage power supplies that are developed in house for 200 kW stage. The monitoring and arc protection circuits are described. Results of the wire-burn test are highlighted.
200千瓦发电机是为Aditya托卡马克离子回旋共振加热(ICRH)实验和SST-1(稳态超导托卡马克1)1.5兆瓦级设计和开发的。200千瓦级采用4CM 30万ga四极管。现有的直流电源能够提供30kv, 20a,已经成功地重新配置了必要的保护和控制。这被用于在Aditya托卡马克进行ICRH实验。1千伏1安培筛网电源、18伏430安培灯丝电源自主研发,控制电网电源自主采购。预驱动级(2kw)、驱动级(20kw)的高压电源已设计并调试,并附有必要的保护。所有高压电源和辅助电源都可以通过数据采集和控制(DAC)系统进行手动或远程操作和控制。现有的200千瓦系统将增加1.5兆瓦阶段用于SST1托卡马克实验。本文介绍了公司为200千瓦阶段开发的辅助和高压电源的细节。介绍了监测和电弧保护电路。烧线试验的结果被突出显示。
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引用次数: 1
First Experiments on a Compact MILO Device 在紧凑型MILO设备上的首次实验
Pub Date : 2006-05-14 DOI: 10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365263
R. Cousin, J. Larour, P. Gouard, P. Raymond, A. Durand
In this paper, we present a compact MILO device working at 2.44 GHz. Fast electrical sensors such as I-dot and D-dot probes are installed along the tube in order to characterize at any time the current emitted from the cylindrical velvet cathode and the high voltage delivered by the Marx generator. Cold tests (without electrons) allow predicting the operating frequency and lead to a precise characterization of the periodic slow wave structure (SWS). First results presented here show the physical limitations of the high voltage generator and prepare future experiments under magnetically insulated conditions
在本文中,我们提出了一个工作在2.44 GHz的紧凑型MILO器件。快速电传感器如i点和d点探头沿着管安装,以便在任何时候表征从圆柱形天鹅绒阴极发出的电流和马克思发生器提供的高电压。冷测试(无电子)允许预测工作频率,并导致周期性慢波结构(SWS)的精确表征。这里提出的第一个结果显示了高压发电机的物理局限性,并为未来在磁绝缘条件下的实验做了准备
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引用次数: 1
Design and Optimization of a Low-e mpedance Pulsed-Power Marx Generator to Drive High-Power Releativistic X-Band Magnetron 驱动大功率相对论x波段磁控管的低阻抗脉冲功率马克思发生器的设计与优化
Pub Date : 2006-05-14 DOI: 10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365309
M. Roybal, M. Abney, S. Prasad, M. Fuks, J. Buchenauer, K. Prestwich, J. Gaudet, E. Schamiloglu
In this paper, the design and optimization efforts aimed at reducing the intrinsic impedance of the Marx generator are discussed. By reducing the number of stages of the Marx's electrical circuit from the presently configured 11-stage Marx to a 7-stage Marx the inductance can be significantly decreased. In order to provide power from the Marx generator to an X-band relativistic magnetron, a coaxial transmission line and a vacuum-insulator interface will be used and the results of the design will be discussed.
本文讨论了降低马克思发生器固有阻抗的设计和优化工作。通过减少马克思电路的级数,从目前配置的11级马克思减至7级马克思,电感可以显著降低。为了向x波段相对论磁控管提供马克思发电机的电力,将使用同轴传输线和真空绝缘体接口,并讨论设计结果。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of Repetitive Pulse Discharge System for Plasma Source Ion Implantation 等离子体源离子注入的重复脉冲放电系统分析
Pub Date : 2006-05-14 DOI: 10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365250
Kyung-Jae Chung, J. Choe, H. Hwang, Gwang Hoon Kim, Kwang-Chul Ko, Hwang Yong Seok
The analysis of the repetitive pulse discharge system for the plasma source ion implantation is investigated with both circuit simulation and experiment. In the circuit model, the ion and electron currents on a target are self-consistently varied with the applied voltage because the waveforms of repetitive pulse are affected by the internal properties of plasma, as well as the external circuit parameters. The circuit simulation reveals that not only the plasma properties, but also the circuit components, are important for pulse system to operate at high repetition-rate. The experiments are conducted with a plane electrode immersed in rf-driven argon plasmas. When negative high-voltage pulses are applied to the electrode, the current and voltage waveforms are measured and compared with the simulation results. Control parameters for high repetition-rate operation are discussed, based on the self-consistent circuit analysis of the pulse system
对等离子体源离子注入的重复脉冲放电系统进行了电路仿真和实验分析。在电路模型中,由于重复脉冲的波形受等离子体内部特性和外部电路参数的影响,靶上的离子和电子电流随外加电压的变化是自一致的。电路仿真结果表明,等离子体的特性和电路元件对脉冲系统的高重复率工作起着重要的作用。实验采用平面电极浸泡在射频驱动氩等离子体中进行。当负高压脉冲作用于电极时,测量了电流和电压波形,并与仿真结果进行了比较。在分析脉冲系统自洽电路的基础上,讨论了高重复率运行的控制参数
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引用次数: 1
Breakdown Phenomena in Nitrogen Due to Repetitive Nanosecond-pulses 重复纳秒脉冲引起的氮击穿现象
Pub Date : 2006-05-14 DOI: 10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365195
Shao Tao, Sun Guangsheng, Y. Ping, Wang Jue, Yuan Weiqun, Zhang, Shichang
Nanosecond-pulse breakdown presents special characteristics, depending on the pulse rise time and duration. Based on a repetitive nanosecond-pulse generator, breakdown phenomena of parallel-plate gaps in nitrogen were investigated with single shot and repetitive burst conditions under different gap conditions. The relationships among applied voltage, pulse repetition frequency, breakdown time lag, repetitive pulse stress time, and the number of applied pulses are presented. The curves involved in E-field strength, breakdown time lag and gas pressure are also obtained. The results show that single nanosecond-pulse breakdown was different from repetitive nanosecond-pulse breakdown. Repetitive nanosecond-pulse breakdown should be associated with the accumulation effect of residual ions and metastable species created by previous pulses
纳秒脉冲击穿表现出特殊的特性,这取决于脉冲的上升时间和持续时间。基于重复纳秒脉冲发生器,研究了不同间隙条件下氮平行板间隙的单次击穿和重复击穿现象。给出了施加电压、脉冲重复频率、击穿时延、重复脉冲应力时间和施加脉冲数之间的关系。得到了电场强度、击穿时滞和气体压力的变化曲线。结果表明,单纳秒脉冲击穿不同于重复纳秒脉冲击穿。重复纳秒脉冲击穿应与先前脉冲产生的残余离子和亚稳物质的积累效应有关
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引用次数: 9
Analytical Modeling of Pulse Transformers for Power Modulators 功率调制器脉冲变压器的解析建模
Pub Date : 2006-05-14 DOI: 10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365200
J. Biela, D. Bortis, J. Kolar
The parasitic capacitances of transformers significantly influence the resulting pulse shape of a power modulator system. In order to predict the pulse shape and optimize the geometry of the pulse transformer before building the transformer, an equivalent circuit and analytic expressions relating the geometry with the parasitic elements are needed. Therefore, a model consisting of 6 equivalent capacitors and a simplified circuit, as well as the belonging equations, are presented. The equations are verified by measurement results for a pulse transformer and a solid-state modulator designed for linear accelerators
变压器的寄生电容对功率调制器系统的脉冲形状有很大的影响。为了在构建脉冲变压器之前预测脉冲形状和优化脉冲变压器的几何形状,需要等效电路和几何形状与寄生元件的解析表达式。为此,提出了一个由6个等效电容组成的模型和简化电路,并给出了相应的方程。通过对线性加速器用脉冲变压器和固态调制器的测量结果验证了上述方程的正确性
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引用次数: 13
Investigation of Surface Flashover on Dielectrics Enhanced by Excimer Laser Processing 准分子激光增强介质表面闪络的研究
Pub Date : 2006-05-14 DOI: 10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365186
W. J. Sarjeant, J. Zirnheld, J. Berkow, P. Strzempka, J. Cieri
One of the factors that contributes to surface flashover on dielectrics is the existence of defects on the surface of the material. For our studies, excimer laser processing was utilized on alumina dielectrics in an attempt to substantially increase the threshold voltages for flashover. Through excimer laser processing, the surface material melts and re-crystallizes to form a uniform surface structure. The defects on the dielectric surface can be minimized, reducing charge trapping, leading to higher flashover voltages. Two sets of samples were tested. The first set of samples was processed using the laser and the second set was not. The samples were then stressed under high voltage to induce surface flashover. Analysis of the effects of the excimer laser processing was performed and are shown
导致电介质表面闪络的因素之一是材料表面存在缺陷。在我们的研究中,利用准分子激光处理氧化铝电介质,试图大幅度提高闪络的阈值电压。通过准分子激光加工,使表面材料熔化再结晶,形成均匀的表面结构。电介质表面的缺陷可以最小化,减少电荷捕获,从而导致更高的闪络电压。对两组样本进行了测试。第一组样品用激光处理,第二组没有。然后在高压下对样品施加应力以诱发表面闪络。对准分子激光加工的影响进行了分析
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引用次数: 2
Pulse Discharge Characteristics of Surface Mount Capacitors 表面贴装电容器的脉冲放电特性
Pub Date : 2006-05-14 DOI: 10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365201
W. J. Carey, A. Wiebe, L. L. Altgilbers, W. Nunnally
ARC Technology is developing pulse generators for extremely compact geometries requiring megawatts of power and millijoule to joule of total energy. These devices are to be constructed with surface mount components and circuit board fabrication techniques to minimize volume, cost, and production time. Clearly, the components in these circuits are operating well beyond their design specifications. Therefore, this paper examines the energy storage and peak power capabilities of various surface mount capacitor technologies and vendors to determine their applicability in miniature pulsed power circuits
ARC技术公司正在开发用于极其紧凑的几何形状的脉冲发生器,需要兆瓦级的功率和毫焦耳到焦耳的总能量。这些器件将采用表面贴装元件和电路板制造技术,以最大限度地减少体积、成本和生产时间。显然,这些电路中的组件的运行远远超出了它们的设计规格。因此,本文考察了各种表面贴装电容器技术和供应商的储能和峰值功率能力,以确定它们在微型脉冲功率电路中的适用性
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Conference Record of the 2006 Twenty-Seventh International Power Modulator Symposium
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