Pub Date : 2023-10-19DOI: 10.1177/23477989231198326
Gadi Hitman
This study seeks to understand what was behind the May 2021 violence of the Arab minority in Israel, particularly in mixed cities: was it national, religious or civic motives, or a combination of them? Historically, relations between Jews and non-Jews (mostly Muslims) in Israel circle around three axes: religious, national, and civic. While the fragile relations between the parties enjoy a quiet routine, a serious escalation is recorded from time-to-time, leading to a crisis between the parties. This was the case in May 2021, when an outbreak of severe Arab violence was recorded in mixed cities in Israel that resulted in three victims (two Jews, one Arab), dozens of injuries, and heavy damage to Jewish property. This qualitative research, based on interviews with Arab residents in mixed cities and media reports during the clashes and afterward, concludes that despite all three components having a significant contribution to May 2021 violent conflicts, civil affairs were the main reason for riots in mixed cities; however, the outbreak has a national and religious historical background.
{"title":"May 2021 Riots by the Arab Minority in Israel: National, Civil or Religious?","authors":"Gadi Hitman","doi":"10.1177/23477989231198326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23477989231198326","url":null,"abstract":"This study seeks to understand what was behind the May 2021 violence of the Arab minority in Israel, particularly in mixed cities: was it national, religious or civic motives, or a combination of them? Historically, relations between Jews and non-Jews (mostly Muslims) in Israel circle around three axes: religious, national, and civic. While the fragile relations between the parties enjoy a quiet routine, a serious escalation is recorded from time-to-time, leading to a crisis between the parties. This was the case in May 2021, when an outbreak of severe Arab violence was recorded in mixed cities in Israel that resulted in three victims (two Jews, one Arab), dozens of injuries, and heavy damage to Jewish property. This qualitative research, based on interviews with Arab residents in mixed cities and media reports during the clashes and afterward, concludes that despite all three components having a significant contribution to May 2021 violent conflicts, civil affairs were the main reason for riots in mixed cities; however, the outbreak has a national and religious historical background.","PeriodicalId":41159,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Review of the Middle East","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135730854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-16DOI: 10.1177/23477989231202062
Dario Cristiani
This article examines the changing patterns in Türkiye’s strategic and military posture since the establishment of the Republic, with a focus on the developments, and changes, since the 1980s. Originally based on the two principles of deterrence and collective security, this view has later developed in other directions. In the 1980s, this posture started to shift as Türkiye became a more assertive regional player, and the domestic civilian–military balances were changing. This evolution would emerge more visibly under the AKP, as a new perception of the Turkish geographical centrality brought the country to play a pro-active regional and international role, exemplified by the emergence of Türkiye as a peacekeeping actor with an aggressive economic foreign policy. In this period, the Turkish strategic view evolved, making active engagement and forward defense two pillars of a new approach.
{"title":"A Shifting <i>Centrality</i>: The Evolution of Turkish Strategic Posture","authors":"Dario Cristiani","doi":"10.1177/23477989231202062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23477989231202062","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the changing patterns in Türkiye’s strategic and military posture since the establishment of the Republic, with a focus on the developments, and changes, since the 1980s. Originally based on the two principles of deterrence and collective security, this view has later developed in other directions. In the 1980s, this posture started to shift as Türkiye became a more assertive regional player, and the domestic civilian–military balances were changing. This evolution would emerge more visibly under the AKP, as a new perception of the Turkish geographical centrality brought the country to play a pro-active regional and international role, exemplified by the emergence of Türkiye as a peacekeeping actor with an aggressive economic foreign policy. In this period, the Turkish strategic view evolved, making active engagement and forward defense two pillars of a new approach.","PeriodicalId":41159,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Review of the Middle East","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136113200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-28DOI: 10.1177/23477989231199299
Anita Ann Thomas
The migration of Cochin Jews from Kerala to the promised land of Israel can be traced back to the 1950s. Though the population of the Jewish community in Cochin is reduced to less than ten in number today, their past cannot be erased from Kerala history, especially the ethnic life of the Malabari Jewish community. Apart from folk songs and archaeological findings, Ruby Daniel, a Malabari Jewish woman, and the renowned ethnographer Barbara C. Johnson left behind an essential source of ethnographic data to explore the social life of Jew town. The significant ethnic life of the Malabari Jewish community and their attempt to claim and confirm their identity as the mainstream Cochin Jewish community continues even today among the remaining Malabari Jews in the Jew town. This article attempts to analyze the ethnic and social life of the Malabari Jewish community and the Cochin Jewish community through the auto-ethnographical narrative of Ruby Daniel.
科钦犹太人从喀拉拉邦迁移到以色列的应许之地可以追溯到20世纪50年代。虽然科钦犹太社区的人口今天减少到不到10人，但他们的过去不能从喀拉拉邦的历史中抹去，特别是马拉巴里犹太社区的种族生活。除了民歌和考古发现，马拉巴里犹太妇女鲁比·丹尼尔(Ruby Daniel)和著名的民族志学家芭芭拉·约翰逊(Barbara C. Johnson)为探索犹太人城镇的社会生活留下了重要的民族志数据来源。马拉巴里犹太社区的重要种族生活，以及他们要求和确认自己作为主流科钦犹太社区身份的努力，直到今天仍在犹太城镇剩余的马拉巴里犹太人中继续进行。本文试图通过鲁比·丹尼尔的自我民族志叙事来分析马拉巴里犹太社区和科钦犹太社区的民族和社会生活。
{"title":"Ethno-Religious Conflict in the Cochin Jewish Community: An Analysis of Jewish Life in Kerala through the Life Writing of an Indian Jewish Woman","authors":"Anita Ann Thomas","doi":"10.1177/23477989231199299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23477989231199299","url":null,"abstract":"The migration of Cochin Jews from Kerala to the promised land of Israel can be traced back to the 1950s. Though the population of the Jewish community in Cochin is reduced to less than ten in number today, their past cannot be erased from Kerala history, especially the ethnic life of the Malabari Jewish community. Apart from folk songs and archaeological findings, Ruby Daniel, a Malabari Jewish woman, and the renowned ethnographer Barbara C. Johnson left behind an essential source of ethnographic data to explore the social life of Jew town. The significant ethnic life of the Malabari Jewish community and their attempt to claim and confirm their identity as the mainstream Cochin Jewish community continues even today among the remaining Malabari Jews in the Jew town. This article attempts to analyze the ethnic and social life of the Malabari Jewish community and the Cochin Jewish community through the auto-ethnographical narrative of Ruby Daniel.","PeriodicalId":41159,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Review of the Middle East","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135425774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-28DOI: 10.1177/23477989231201921
Jappandeep Kour
{"title":"Gregory Brew (2022). <i>Petroleum and Progress in Iran: Oil, Development and the Cold War</i>. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. E-Book, ISBN: 9781009206327. Price: US$ 99.99. 278 pp.","authors":"Jappandeep Kour","doi":"10.1177/23477989231201921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23477989231201921","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41159,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Review of the Middle East","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135425936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-28DOI: 10.1177/23477989231199285
{"title":"List of Referees for CRME, 2014–2023","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/23477989231199285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23477989231199285","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41159,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Review of the Middle East","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135425537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-28DOI: 10.1177/23477989231201923
P. R. Kumaraswamy
{"title":"Passing the Baton","authors":"P. R. Kumaraswamy","doi":"10.1177/23477989231201923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23477989231201923","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41159,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Review of the Middle East","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135344900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-27DOI: 10.1177/23477989231201922
Paolo Caroli
{"title":"Jeremy Julian Sarkin (2022). <i>The Conflict in Syria and the Failure of International Law to Protect People Globally: Mass Atrocities, Enforced Disappearances and Arbitrary Detentions</i>. Abingdon: Routledge. Hardback, ISBN: 978-1-032-05663-0. Price: £130.00. xvi + 290 pp.","authors":"Paolo Caroli","doi":"10.1177/23477989231201922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23477989231201922","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41159,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Review of the Middle East","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135537756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.1177/23477989231198328
Hani Anouti, Antea Enna
Lebanon has always been an unstable and challenging country. With or without refugees, politics in Lebanon is subject to different internal, regional, and international dynamics that affect the country’s fragile political, security, economic, and social stability. To better understand social instability in Lebanon, this article sheds light on the role of Syrian refugees in diminishing or otherwise of Lebanon’s political, security, and social stability. Taking into consideration the historical role of refugees—especially Syrians—in affecting social stability and the whole political system in an already fragile and almost failed state, the article will also rely on the existing literature on the relationships and interactions between host communities and refugees. This contribution will rely on a qualitative approach to explore the relations and drivers of tensions between Lebanese host communities and the Syrian refugees, highlighting the differences in perceptions and the main sources of strains. In particular, the article will investigate the policies and aid schemes of the international community, mainly United Nations organizations and international nongovernmental organizations, in fostering or otherwise of the tension between the Lebanese host community and the Syrian refugees.
{"title":"Social Instability in Fragile State Context: Exploring the Dynamics Between Syrian Refugees and the Lebanese Host Community in Lebanon","authors":"Hani Anouti, Antea Enna","doi":"10.1177/23477989231198328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23477989231198328","url":null,"abstract":"Lebanon has always been an unstable and challenging country. With or without refugees, politics in Lebanon is subject to different internal, regional, and international dynamics that affect the country’s fragile political, security, economic, and social stability. To better understand social instability in Lebanon, this article sheds light on the role of Syrian refugees in diminishing or otherwise of Lebanon’s political, security, and social stability. Taking into consideration the historical role of refugees—especially Syrians—in affecting social stability and the whole political system in an already fragile and almost failed state, the article will also rely on the existing literature on the relationships and interactions between host communities and refugees. This contribution will rely on a qualitative approach to explore the relations and drivers of tensions between Lebanese host communities and the Syrian refugees, highlighting the differences in perceptions and the main sources of strains. In particular, the article will investigate the policies and aid schemes of the international community, mainly United Nations organizations and international nongovernmental organizations, in fostering or otherwise of the tension between the Lebanese host community and the Syrian refugees.","PeriodicalId":41159,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Review of the Middle East","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135815942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.1177/23477989231198327
Mohammed Anam Akhtar, Imran Khan, and Khurram Ajaz Khan
The article empirically analyzes the effects of residential status and social security on migrant workers’ remittance outflow, linking it with financial literacy concepts such as financial capability, financial advice, and financial anxiety. The study’s originality lies in its empirical examination of financial literacy constructs, residency, and social security using partial least squares structural equation modeling to examine data collected from a closed-ended questionnaire in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The results provide significant insights for policymakers and service providers in a country with the second-largest outflow of remittances in the world and indicate that, except for financial advice, all other factors have a substantial impact on remittance activity.
{"title":"Linking Financial Capability, Advice, Anxiety, Social Security, and Residential Status with Outward Remittances: Evidence from the UAE","authors":"Mohammed Anam Akhtar, Imran Khan, and Khurram Ajaz Khan","doi":"10.1177/23477989231198327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23477989231198327","url":null,"abstract":"The article empirically analyzes the effects of residential status and social security on migrant workers’ remittance outflow, linking it with financial literacy concepts such as financial capability, financial advice, and financial anxiety. The study’s originality lies in its empirical examination of financial literacy constructs, residency, and social security using partial least squares structural equation modeling to examine data collected from a closed-ended questionnaire in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The results provide significant insights for policymakers and service providers in a country with the second-largest outflow of remittances in the world and indicate that, except for financial advice, all other factors have a substantial impact on remittance activity.","PeriodicalId":41159,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Review of the Middle East","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135817076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.1177/23477989231199284
Minakshi Sardar
{"title":"Election Schedule, 31 August 2023","authors":"Minakshi Sardar","doi":"10.1177/23477989231199284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23477989231199284","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41159,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Review of the Middle East","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135864721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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