Cerebral palsy (CP) is a common non-progressive neurodevelopmental disorder which causes developmental disabilities in children. Varied interventions for CP exist to address medical and physical needs but with limited effectiveness evidence. Environmental enrichment (EE) is an animal model intervention for many neurodevelopmental disorders, including CP, with considerable positive effects. This case report defines the Homeostasis-Enrichment-Plasticity (HEP) approach, which is based upon principles of EE and ecological theories of development and describes its use to promote the developmental and functional skills of an infant with CP. Parent interviews and assessment data were completed before and after intervention. For the interested parameters data was gathered by developmental history, systematic observation of behaviors in the clinical setting and at home, Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Infant-Toddler Symptom Checklist, the Sensory Profile Infant/Toddler, Peabody Developmental Motor Scales-2, Gross Motor Function Measurement-88 (GMFM-88), the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), and Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI). The HEP approach intervention was implemented one time per week for 12 months. Following the HEP approach intervention, self-regulation and sensory processing scores improved. GMFM-88 total score improved from 45/264 to 123/264. The Peabody found all gross motor (54–110), fine motor (65–117), and total motor quotient (119–227) scores improved after intervention. Post-intervention observations showed obvious gross motor progress with movement from GMFCS Level IV to Level I. Performance on the Functional Skills Scales and Caregiver Assistance Scales of PEDI also demonstrated notable improvements. BAI scores revealed low anxiety scores for both the mother (13/63 points) and father (14/63) before intervention. These scores did not change after intervention. A definition and detailed description of the HEP approach intervention is presented here for the first time. The case report demonstrated preliminary evidence for the effectiveness of the HEP approach on self-regulation, sensory processing, motor development, functional skills, and caregiver assistance with an infant with CP. Additional studies are needed to validate the findings.
{"title":"Exploring Effects of the HEP (Homeostasis-Enrichment-Plasticity) Approach as a Comprehensive Therapy Intervention for an Infant with Cerebral Palsy: A Case Report","authors":"A. Balıkcı","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1757913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1757913","url":null,"abstract":"Cerebral palsy (CP) is a common non-progressive neurodevelopmental disorder which causes developmental disabilities in children. Varied interventions for CP exist to address medical and physical needs but with limited effectiveness evidence. Environmental enrichment (EE) is an animal model intervention for many neurodevelopmental disorders, including CP, with considerable positive effects. This case report defines the Homeostasis-Enrichment-Plasticity (HEP) approach, which is based upon principles of EE and ecological theories of development and describes its use to promote the developmental and functional skills of an infant with CP. Parent interviews and assessment data were completed before and after intervention. For the interested parameters data was gathered by developmental history, systematic observation of behaviors in the clinical setting and at home, Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Infant-Toddler Symptom Checklist, the Sensory Profile Infant/Toddler, Peabody Developmental Motor Scales-2, Gross Motor Function Measurement-88 (GMFM-88), the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), and Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI). The HEP approach intervention was implemented one time per week for 12 months. Following the HEP approach intervention, self-regulation and sensory processing scores improved. GMFM-88 total score improved from 45/264 to 123/264. The Peabody found all gross motor (54–110), fine motor (65–117), and total motor quotient (119–227) scores improved after intervention. Post-intervention observations showed obvious gross motor progress with movement from GMFCS Level IV to Level I. Performance on the Functional Skills Scales and Caregiver Assistance Scales of PEDI also demonstrated notable improvements. BAI scores revealed low anxiety scores for both the mother (13/63 points) and father (14/63) before intervention. These scores did not change after intervention. A definition and detailed description of the HEP approach intervention is presented here for the first time. The case report demonstrated preliminary evidence for the effectiveness of the HEP approach on self-regulation, sensory processing, motor development, functional skills, and caregiver assistance with an infant with CP. Additional studies are needed to validate the findings.","PeriodicalId":41283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41456960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim To determine whether being small for gestational age (SGA) is associated with increased mortality and short-term morbidity for extremely low birth weight (ELBW) babies at Townsville University Hospital (TUH). Methods All babies with a birth weight of <1,000 g born at TUH between January 1, 2010 and January 1, 2021 were included. Data from the neonatal unit's NeoDATA database were used to compare mortality and short-term morbidity outcomes for babies categorized as SGA (birth weight <10th centile) or not. Statistical analyses were used to determine associations between being SGA and survival to discharge, intubation for mechanical ventilation, duration of respiratory support, chronic neonatal lung disease (CNLD), home oxygen, intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), periventricular leukomalacia (PVL), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), sepsis, time to full enteral feeds, and duration of admission. Results Of 461 ELBW babies, 62 (13.4%) were SGA. The SGA babies were significantly smaller at 714 (580–850) versus 810 (700–885) g (p < 0.001) and of advanced gestational age at 28.6 (26.6–30.2) versus 25.4 (24.4–26.6) weeks (p < 0.001). No significant difference in mortality existed, with 85% of SGA babies and 84% of others surviving. On univariate analysis, being SGA was associated with significant reductions in intubation for mechanical ventilation (p < 0.001), duration of respiratory support (p < 0.001), intraventricular hemorrhage (p = 0.002), NEC (p = 0.037), and admission duration (p = 0.038). After controlling for confounding factors, no outcomes were independently associated with being SGA. Logistic regression found survival was associated with birth weight (p = 0.030), gestational age (p = 0.007), and antenatal corticosteroids (p = 0.008). Conclusions Being SGA is not an independent predictor of mortality nor adverse short-term morbidity for ELBW babies.
{"title":"Being Small for Gestational Age does not Change Short-Term Outcomes for Extremely Low Birth Weight Babies at Townsville University Hospital","authors":"Natalee Williamson, G. Alcock, Y. Kandasamy","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1757612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1757612","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Aim To determine whether being small for gestational age (SGA) is associated with increased mortality and short-term morbidity for extremely low birth weight (ELBW) babies at Townsville University Hospital (TUH).\u0000 Methods All babies with a birth weight of <1,000 g born at TUH between January 1, 2010 and January 1, 2021 were included. Data from the neonatal unit's NeoDATA database were used to compare mortality and short-term morbidity outcomes for babies categorized as SGA (birth weight <10th centile) or not. Statistical analyses were used to determine associations between being SGA and survival to discharge, intubation for mechanical ventilation, duration of respiratory support, chronic neonatal lung disease (CNLD), home oxygen, intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), periventricular leukomalacia (PVL), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), sepsis, time to full enteral feeds, and duration of admission.\u0000 Results Of 461 ELBW babies, 62 (13.4%) were SGA. The SGA babies were significantly smaller at 714 (580–850) versus 810 (700–885) g (p < 0.001) and of advanced gestational age at 28.6 (26.6–30.2) versus 25.4 (24.4–26.6) weeks (p < 0.001). No significant difference in mortality existed, with 85% of SGA babies and 84% of others surviving. On univariate analysis, being SGA was associated with significant reductions in intubation for mechanical ventilation (p < 0.001), duration of respiratory support (p < 0.001), intraventricular hemorrhage (p = 0.002), NEC (p = 0.037), and admission duration (p = 0.038). After controlling for confounding factors, no outcomes were independently associated with being SGA. Logistic regression found survival was associated with birth weight (p = 0.030), gestational age (p = 0.007), and antenatal corticosteroids (p = 0.008).\u0000 Conclusions Being SGA is not an independent predictor of mortality nor adverse short-term morbidity for ELBW babies.","PeriodicalId":41283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57975468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Our main aim of this article was to show that central venous catheter (CVC) can be an easy-to-use, less-complicated catheter application such as peripherally inserted central catheter and umbilical catheter placement in the neonatal intensive care unit. We here described our experience with subclavian vein catheterization. Neonates who had venous access through subclavian central catheterization were assessed retrospectively. Data such as gestational age, age at the time of catheter insertion, birth weight, and gender were collected. In addition, problems related to catheterization during hospitalization were documented. This study comprised 40 newborns, 22 male and 18 female, with a mean gestational week of 29.57 ± 3.80 weeks and a mean gestational weight of 2067.50 ± 545.97 g. Due to occlusion, catheters were switched in five cases twice and in three cases once, totaling 53 catheterizations on 40 newborns. None of our patients had pneumothorax or hemothorax. On the postoperative 8th and 21st days, the catheter was withdrawn due to catheter infection in two (5%) patients, and catheter cultures revealed coagulase negative Staphylococcus aureus in both cases. Even in preterm infants, subclavian central venous catheterization is a safe and straightforward technique of gaining venous access in expert hands in the neonatal intensive care unit.
{"title":"Central Subclavian Catheterization in Newborns: Single-Center Experience","authors":"S. Gurel, A. Gözen, M. Bektas","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1741425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1741425","url":null,"abstract":"Our main aim of this article was to show that central venous catheter (CVC) can be an easy-to-use, less-complicated catheter application such as peripherally inserted central catheter and umbilical catheter placement in the neonatal intensive care unit. We here described our experience with subclavian vein catheterization. Neonates who had venous access through subclavian central catheterization were assessed retrospectively. Data such as gestational age, age at the time of catheter insertion, birth weight, and gender were collected. In addition, problems related to catheterization during hospitalization were documented. This study comprised 40 newborns, 22 male and 18 female, with a mean gestational week of 29.57 ± 3.80 weeks and a mean gestational weight of 2067.50 ± 545.97 g. Due to occlusion, catheters were switched in five cases twice and in three cases once, totaling 53 catheterizations on 40 newborns. None of our patients had pneumothorax or hemothorax. On the postoperative 8th and 21st days, the catheter was withdrawn due to catheter infection in two (5%) patients, and catheter cultures revealed coagulase negative Staphylococcus aureus in both cases. Even in preterm infants, subclavian central venous catheterization is a safe and straightforward technique of gaining venous access in expert hands in the neonatal intensive care unit.","PeriodicalId":41283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49005751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study includes a case report of a 9-year-old boy who came to our center with jaundice, elevated liver enzymes, and palpable liver. He was treated with ursodeoxycholic acid, but no improvement in symptoms was seen. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and liver biopsy were positive for hepatitis C virus. He was treated with daclatasvir/sofosbuvir for 3 months. Daclatasvir/sofosbuvir might be effective against the treatment of hepatitis in children, with no report of remission and minimal side effects.
{"title":"Acute Hepatitis C Virus Infection Treated with Daclatasvir/Sofosbuvir in a 9-Year-Old Boy","authors":"P. Rahmani, F. Farahmand, Ghobad Heidari","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1751269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1751269","url":null,"abstract":"The present study includes a case report of a 9-year-old boy who came to our center with jaundice, elevated liver enzymes, and palpable liver. He was treated with ursodeoxycholic acid, but no improvement in symptoms was seen. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and liver biopsy were positive for hepatitis C virus. He was treated with daclatasvir/sofosbuvir for 3 months. Daclatasvir/sofosbuvir might be effective against the treatment of hepatitis in children, with no report of remission and minimal side effects.","PeriodicalId":41283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45128960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anas Abdallah, Meliha Gündağ Papaker, Gökhan Baloğlu
Abstract Craniosynostosis is a skull malformation occurring due to the premature fusion of one or more cranial sutures. This pathological entity is a relatively commonly observed congenital malformation and is reportedly seen in 1/1,700–1,900 live births. The study aimed to evaluate the surgical outcomes of the open cranial vault remodeling (OCVR) in children with craniosynostosis. Medical records of 76 children with craniosynostosis who were diagnosed at the neurosurgery departments of our centers for 11 years (from January 2010 to December 2020) were retrospectively examined. Among them, 54 consecutive children who underwent OCVR were included in this study. Surgical outcomes were discussed with a related literature review. Fifty-four (32 males and 22 females) consecutive children received OCVR for craniosynostosis with a mean age of 12.6 ± 7.1 months. Eight children were syndromic. Three children were shunt-induced craniosynostosis. Syndromic children were four with Apert, two with Pfeiffer, and two with Crouzon syndrome. Twelve children were brothers/sisters. The misshapen skull was the most commonly recorded symptom in 49 children (90.7%). The most affected sutures were bicoronal craniosynostosis found in 20 children. The complication rate was 9.3% ( n = 5). Two of these five children needed reoperation for optimal remodeling. One child died postoperatively in the intensive care unit due to cardiac arrest. These findings demonstrated that the OCVR approach is an efficient surgical method to get good outcomes. Satisfactory results with an acceptable complication rate can be obtained with expert hands. Further studies are warranted to support these findings.
{"title":"An Open Cranial Vault Remodeling Procedure for Craniosynostosis: A Retrospective Study","authors":"Anas Abdallah, Meliha Gündağ Papaker, Gökhan Baloğlu","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1758809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1758809","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Craniosynostosis is a skull malformation occurring due to the premature fusion of one or more cranial sutures. This pathological entity is a relatively commonly observed congenital malformation and is reportedly seen in 1/1,700–1,900 live births. The study aimed to evaluate the surgical outcomes of the open cranial vault remodeling (OCVR) in children with craniosynostosis. Medical records of 76 children with craniosynostosis who were diagnosed at the neurosurgery departments of our centers for 11 years (from January 2010 to December 2020) were retrospectively examined. Among them, 54 consecutive children who underwent OCVR were included in this study. Surgical outcomes were discussed with a related literature review. Fifty-four (32 males and 22 females) consecutive children received OCVR for craniosynostosis with a mean age of 12.6 ± 7.1 months. Eight children were syndromic. Three children were shunt-induced craniosynostosis. Syndromic children were four with Apert, two with Pfeiffer, and two with Crouzon syndrome. Twelve children were brothers/sisters. The misshapen skull was the most commonly recorded symptom in 49 children (90.7%). The most affected sutures were bicoronal craniosynostosis found in 20 children. The complication rate was 9.3% ( n = 5). Two of these five children needed reoperation for optimal remodeling. One child died postoperatively in the intensive care unit due to cardiac arrest. These findings demonstrated that the OCVR approach is an efficient surgical method to get good outcomes. Satisfactory results with an acceptable complication rate can be obtained with expert hands. Further studies are warranted to support these findings.","PeriodicalId":41283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46787165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives Lexical breadth of knowledge is the quantity of words that the individual knows with regard to vocabulary size of the learner; while lexical depth is the learner's knowledge and mastery level of various semantic relations of a given word. Both measures have been used in the assessment of speaking/writing skills of first (L1) and second (L2) language users. The current study aims to explore the lexical knowledge of typically developing school going bilingual Indian children. Methods Seventy-two Konkani (L1) and English (L2) speaking children (between 5 and 11 years of age) were recruited in the study. The study was performed in three phases. Phase 1 comprised of developing the experimental tasks (lexical breadth and lexical depth); phase 2 included the data collection; and phase 3 focused on data and statistical analysis. Mean and standard deviation of the total number of words and total number of different words were analyzed. Two-way repeated measures analysis of variance test was done to assess the level of significance (p < 0.05) across the groups for both tasks. Paired t-test was done to assess the interaction effect between age and language. Results The results indicated an overall increase in lexical breadth and depth across age for L1 and L2. The interaction between the two languages has been discussed in detail. Conclusion The findings of this study may help pave way toward future explorations to address issues pertaining to the complex interaction of L1 and L2 languages in bilinguals.
{"title":"Estimating the Lexical Breadth and Depth in Bilingual Indian Children Aged between 5 and 11 Years of Age","authors":"Priya Pauline Rego, Sudhin Karuppali, J. Bhat","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1743493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1743493","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Objectives Lexical breadth of knowledge is the quantity of words that the individual knows with regard to vocabulary size of the learner; while lexical depth is the learner's knowledge and mastery level of various semantic relations of a given word. Both measures have been used in the assessment of speaking/writing skills of first (L1) and second (L2) language users. The current study aims to explore the lexical knowledge of typically developing school going bilingual Indian children.\u0000 Methods Seventy-two Konkani (L1) and English (L2) speaking children (between 5 and 11 years of age) were recruited in the study. The study was performed in three phases. Phase 1 comprised of developing the experimental tasks (lexical breadth and lexical depth); phase 2 included the data collection; and phase 3 focused on data and statistical analysis. Mean and standard deviation of the total number of words and total number of different words were analyzed. Two-way repeated measures analysis of variance test was done to assess the level of significance (p < 0.05) across the groups for both tasks. Paired t-test was done to assess the interaction effect between age and language.\u0000 Results The results indicated an overall increase in lexical breadth and depth across age for L1 and L2. The interaction between the two languages has been discussed in detail.\u0000 Conclusion The findings of this study may help pave way toward future explorations to address issues pertaining to the complex interaction of L1 and L2 languages in bilinguals.","PeriodicalId":41283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47379340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Measles virus infection is a common infectious disease of childhood, incidence of which is still high in developing countries. Other than the morbidity associated with the acute systemic infection, the measles virus can cause serious fatal neural complications. It can either enter the brain leading to acute encephalitis like primary measles encephalitis and acute post infectious measles encephalomyelitis or it may persist in brain cells (as mutated virus) leading to long-term neurodegenerative diseases like measles inclusion body encephalitis and subacute sclerosing pan encephalitis. The patho-clinical features, treatment, and the outcomes of these complications are different and should be identified in time for early diagnosis and management.
{"title":"Measles-Associated CNS Complications: A Review","authors":"R. Jain, R. Aulakh","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1757914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1757914","url":null,"abstract":"Measles virus infection is a common infectious disease of childhood, incidence of which is still high in developing countries. Other than the morbidity associated with the acute systemic infection, the measles virus can cause serious fatal neural complications. It can either enter the brain leading to acute encephalitis like primary measles encephalitis and acute post infectious measles encephalomyelitis or it may persist in brain cells (as mutated virus) leading to long-term neurodegenerative diseases like measles inclusion body encephalitis and subacute sclerosing pan encephalitis. The patho-clinical features, treatment, and the outcomes of these complications are different and should be identified in time for early diagnosis and management.","PeriodicalId":41283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46929228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shreyash Agrawal, Garima Pathania, R. Mittal, S. Mehndiratta, Ashutosh Kumar Singh
We report an unusual case of massive splenomegaly with pancytopenia without ascites, which was referred to us with suspicion of a myeloproliferative disorder in an adolescent boy. The work-up done was noncontributory to a hematological disorder. On further work-up, liver biopsy depicted sinusoidal congestion, with Doppler study suggestive of nonvisualization of hepatic veins. There was hypertrophy of the right lobe and the presence of venovenous collaterals. Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) V617F mutation was negative, which confirmed the absence of unidentified myeloproliferative disorder. This was an atypical presentation of Budd–Chiari syndrome (BCS) in children. The absence of ascites could be due to more efficient collateral formation in adolescent age groups due to angiogenesis. Underlying thrombophilia was detected as methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase mutation 677C > T with raised serum homocysteine levels. It is imperative to be aware of the diverse clinical manifestations in children for early detection and appropriate intervention to prevent catastrophic results in pediatric BCS.
{"title":"An Unusual Clinical Presentation of Budd–Chiari Syndrome in an Adolescent Boy","authors":"Shreyash Agrawal, Garima Pathania, R. Mittal, S. Mehndiratta, Ashutosh Kumar Singh","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1757153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1757153","url":null,"abstract":"We report an unusual case of massive splenomegaly with pancytopenia without ascites, which was referred to us with suspicion of a myeloproliferative disorder in an adolescent boy. The work-up done was noncontributory to a hematological disorder. On further work-up, liver biopsy depicted sinusoidal congestion, with Doppler study suggestive of nonvisualization of hepatic veins. There was hypertrophy of the right lobe and the presence of venovenous collaterals. Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) V617F mutation was negative, which confirmed the absence of unidentified myeloproliferative disorder. This was an atypical presentation of Budd–Chiari syndrome (BCS) in children. The absence of ascites could be due to more efficient collateral formation in adolescent age groups due to angiogenesis. Underlying thrombophilia was detected as methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase mutation 677C > T with raised serum homocysteine levels. It is imperative to be aware of the diverse clinical manifestations in children for early detection and appropriate intervention to prevent catastrophic results in pediatric BCS.","PeriodicalId":41283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48730383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Where Do Deceased Children Go? A Spiritual View","authors":"H. Çaksen","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1757145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1757145","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49129394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Varol, Tulin Ogreten, Tutku Ozdogan, S. Cömert, N. Samancı
Background Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is the most frequent problem which causes blindness in preterm babies. In our study we evaluate the frequency of retinopathy, the risk factors, and their effects on disease development in premature newborns admitted to our neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Methods A total of 139 premature infants with gestational ages less than 34 weeks followed in our NICU between January 1, 2008 and January 1, 2011. The infants were divided into two groups as group 1 (no ROP/mild ROP) and as group 2 (severe ROP). Results The demographics of 139 patients were as follows: 79 (56.83%) were female and 60 (43.17%) were male. Overall, 104 (74.8%) patients were found to have no or mild ROP and 35 (25.2%) had severe ROP. Among the patients in the severe ROP group, 25 of them had plus disease. With logistic regression analysis, lower gestational age (odds ratio [OR]: 4.1, confidence interval [CI]: 1.9–9.2), the central catheter usage (OR: 13.4, CI: 1.2–146.6), hypotension (OR: 7.5, CI: 1.1–49.6), perinatal asphyxia (OR: 261.3, CI: 8.8–7725.4), apnea (OR: 18.1, CI: 1.6–202.6), and high FiO2 (OR: 1.2 CI: 1.0–1.5) were found to be related to severe ROP. Conclusion Among the preterms with very low body weight included in our study, we found that the frequency of severe ROP requiring treatment was low. The most important factors related to severe ROP were found to be low gestational age and birth weight. Being aware of the risk factors related to severe ROP in addition to screening every preterm infant carrying these risk factors is extremely important for the early diagnosis and treatment to prevent blindness due to severe retinopathy.
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