Ahmed S. Ali, Marwa Ghazally, Mohamed Amir Fathy, Samia Atwa, Safwat M. Abdel-Aziz
Preeclampsia (PE) is a prevalent disease especially in developing countries. PE influences maternal immune cells and cytokines, with prevailing of proinflammatory cytokines and reduction of regulatory cells. It has a short- and long-term impact on newborn mortalities and morbidities. The aim of this study is to provide an overview of previous literature discussing the effect of PE on infant immunity to help design future research. A comprehensive search was done on three databases including PubMed, Medline, and EMBASE with mesh and text terms. We could identify 851 titles published from 2000 to the time of search. Twenty-four studies met the inclusion criteria, and they were included in the quality assessment. Twenty-four studies were identified, covering the impact of PE on various neonatal immune cells and cytokines. PE is associated with a decrease in the number of several immune cells in newborns, particularly neutrophils, with enhancing cytotoxic effect of both neutrophils and natural killer (NK) cells. Treg cells were considerably reduced with increase of cytotoxic T cells CD8+ and memory cells CD45RO+ in both CD4+ and CD8 + . Proinflammatory cytokines like IL6, IL8, and TNF were raised in severe PE. PE is linked to a decrease in regulatory immune cells and an increase in the immune cells' cytotoxic capability, as well as the prevalence of proinflammatory cytokines in newborns. These changes were observed in cord blood and peripheral blood samples; however, future research should investigate the long-term effect of PE on neonatal immunity.
子痫前期（PE）是一种常见疾病，尤其是在发展中国家。子痫前期会影响母体的免疫细胞和细胞因子，使促炎症细胞因子增多，调节细胞减少。它对新生儿死亡率和发病率有短期和长期影响。本研究旨在概述以往讨论 PE 对婴儿免疫力影响的文献，以帮助设计未来的研究。我们在三个数据库（包括 PubMed、Medline 和 EMBASE）中使用网状词和文本词进行了全面检索。我们找到了从 2000 年到搜索期间发表的 851 篇论文。有 24 项研究符合纳入标准，并被纳入质量评估。24 项研究涉及 PE 对新生儿各种免疫细胞和细胞因子的影响。PE 与新生儿多种免疫细胞数量减少有关，尤其是中性粒细胞，中性粒细胞和自然杀伤（NK）细胞的细胞毒性作用增强。Treg细胞显著减少，而细胞毒性T细胞CD8+和记忆细胞CD45RO+（CD4+和CD8+）均有所增加。在重症 PE 中，IL6、IL8 和 TNF 等促炎细胞因子升高。PE 与新生儿调节性免疫细胞减少、免疫细胞的细胞毒性能力增强以及促炎细胞因子的流行有关。这些变化是在脐带血和外周血样本中观察到的；然而，未来的研究应调查 PE 对新生儿免疫力的长期影响。
{"title":"Immune Changes in Infants of Preeclampsia Mothers: A Systematic Review of Literature","authors":"Ahmed S. Ali, Marwa Ghazally, Mohamed Amir Fathy, Samia Atwa, Safwat M. Abdel-Aziz","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1779449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1779449","url":null,"abstract":"Preeclampsia (PE) is a prevalent disease especially in developing countries. PE influences maternal immune cells and cytokines, with prevailing of proinflammatory cytokines and reduction of regulatory cells. It has a short- and long-term impact on newborn mortalities and morbidities. The aim of this study is to provide an overview of previous literature discussing the effect of PE on infant immunity to help design future research. A comprehensive search was done on three databases including PubMed, Medline, and EMBASE with mesh and text terms. We could identify 851 titles published from 2000 to the time of search. Twenty-four studies met the inclusion criteria, and they were included in the quality assessment. Twenty-four studies were identified, covering the impact of PE on various neonatal immune cells and cytokines. PE is associated with a decrease in the number of several immune cells in newborns, particularly neutrophils, with enhancing cytotoxic effect of both neutrophils and natural killer (NK) cells. Treg cells were considerably reduced with increase of cytotoxic T cells CD8+ and memory cells CD45RO+ in both CD4+ and CD8 + . Proinflammatory cytokines like IL6, IL8, and TNF were raised in severe PE. PE is linked to a decrease in regulatory immune cells and an increase in the immune cells' cytotoxic capability, as well as the prevalence of proinflammatory cytokines in newborns. These changes were observed in cord blood and peripheral blood samples; however, future research should investigate the long-term effect of PE on neonatal immunity.","PeriodicalId":41283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140521456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Spiritual View to the Huge Earthquake in Türkiye","authors":"H. Çaksen","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1768636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1768636","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49234380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jean M. Bennett, R. Bridwell, C. Percival, Monesha Gupta Malhotra, Elumalai Appachi, M. Salameh
Abstract Myxedema heart disease is an exceptionally rare condition with few reported cases. We present a rare case of a child who presented with severe congestive heart failure secondary to myxedema heart disease complicated by preexisting valvular heart disease. The patient was admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit and medical management. An echocardiogram showed severe biventricular dysfunction and severe valvular disease. She was started on levothyroxine and liothyronine. During the patient's hospitalization, the thyroxine level normalized but the thyroid-stimulating hormone continued to remain elevated. Likewise, her cardiac ventricular function improved, though it did not return to baseline. Our case highlights the importance of maintaining a broad differential diagnosis in a child who presents with congestive heart failure, to include thyroid disease, which necessitates a rare but specific management strategy.
{"title":"Myxedema Heart Disease in a Teenage Child","authors":"Jean M. Bennett, R. Bridwell, C. Percival, Monesha Gupta Malhotra, Elumalai Appachi, M. Salameh","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1768565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1768565","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Myxedema heart disease is an exceptionally rare condition with few reported cases. We present a rare case of a child who presented with severe congestive heart failure secondary to myxedema heart disease complicated by preexisting valvular heart disease. The patient was admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit and medical management. An echocardiogram showed severe biventricular dysfunction and severe valvular disease. She was started on levothyroxine and liothyronine. During the patient's hospitalization, the thyroxine level normalized but the thyroid-stimulating hormone continued to remain elevated. Likewise, her cardiac ventricular function improved, though it did not return to baseline. Our case highlights the importance of maintaining a broad differential diagnosis in a child who presents with congestive heart failure, to include thyroid disease, which necessitates a rare but specific management strategy.","PeriodicalId":41283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47613293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hoda Atef Abdelsattar Ibrahim, S. Kaddah, O. El-Asheer, M. Mahmoud, A. Wishahy
Abstract Background Surgical procedures in children with overweight and obesity have many difficulties due to the high incidence of postoperative complications. This impact on comorbidity has a great interest in various surgical pathologies, such as acute appendicitis, since it is the most frequent surgical emergency in all age and sex groups. However, there are few studies assessing the effect of body mass index (BMI) and other parameters like the Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS) and C-reactive protein (CRP)/albumin ratio on the course of acute appendicitis in children. Objectives Identify the impact of BMI and other biomarkers like CRP/albumin ratio and GPS on the clinical course of acute appendicitis in children. Patients (Materials) and Methods This is a prospective study conducted on 90 pediatric patients of acute appendicitis (30 high BMI and 60 non-high BMI) admitted at Pediatric Surgery Department, Children Hospital Cairo University (CHCU) during the period from March 2022 to September 2022. All patients had preoperative laboratory tests, intraoperative assessment regarding the type of surgery, duration of surgery, and type of appendicitis, then the postoperative assessment. Results Among the 90 patients, the mean age of participants was 8.74 (2.23) years and there was a male predominance. Frequencies of open surgeries were higher in overweight and obese children (children with high BMI). There was a significant positive correlation between the preoperative CRP/albumin ratio and GPS, and an inverse significant correlation of preoperative albumin with the postoperative hospital length of stay, duration of surgery (operation time), and duration of postoperative fever. Conclusion There is a significant relationship between the preoperative inflammatory and nutritional markers and postoperative hospital length of stay, duration of surgery (operation time), and duration of postoperative fever.
{"title":"The Pattern of Nutritional and Inflammatory Parameters in Children with Acute Appendicitis","authors":"Hoda Atef Abdelsattar Ibrahim, S. Kaddah, O. El-Asheer, M. Mahmoud, A. Wishahy","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1770147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1770147","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Surgical procedures in children with overweight and obesity have many difficulties due to the high incidence of postoperative complications. This impact on comorbidity has a great interest in various surgical pathologies, such as acute appendicitis, since it is the most frequent surgical emergency in all age and sex groups. However, there are few studies assessing the effect of body mass index (BMI) and other parameters like the Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS) and C-reactive protein (CRP)/albumin ratio on the course of acute appendicitis in children. Objectives Identify the impact of BMI and other biomarkers like CRP/albumin ratio and GPS on the clinical course of acute appendicitis in children. Patients (Materials) and Methods This is a prospective study conducted on 90 pediatric patients of acute appendicitis (30 high BMI and 60 non-high BMI) admitted at Pediatric Surgery Department, Children Hospital Cairo University (CHCU) during the period from March 2022 to September 2022. All patients had preoperative laboratory tests, intraoperative assessment regarding the type of surgery, duration of surgery, and type of appendicitis, then the postoperative assessment. Results Among the 90 patients, the mean age of participants was 8.74 (2.23) years and there was a male predominance. Frequencies of open surgeries were higher in overweight and obese children (children with high BMI). There was a significant positive correlation between the preoperative CRP/albumin ratio and GPS, and an inverse significant correlation of preoperative albumin with the postoperative hospital length of stay, duration of surgery (operation time), and duration of postoperative fever. Conclusion There is a significant relationship between the preoperative inflammatory and nutritional markers and postoperative hospital length of stay, duration of surgery (operation time), and duration of postoperative fever.","PeriodicalId":41283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46607097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Salman, Sona Rafieyan, Kasra Rahimipour, Narges Bayat
Abstract Dental radiography is an important diagnostic tool for the detection and assessment of the extent of dental caries and accurate treatment planning. There is no safe limit for X-ray exposure. The associated risks of X-ray exposure are higher in children due to a higher rate of cell proliferation in them, compared with adults. This study aimed to assess the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of dental radiographic modalities on buccal mucosal cells in children. This interventional study evaluated 80 children between 3 and 12 years who required periapical, panoramic, bitewing, or bitewing plus panoramic radiography for treatment planning. Twenty eligible patients were assigned to each of the aforementioned four groups. Buccal mucosal cells were scraped bilaterally by a plastic spatula after complete rinsing of the oral cavity. The collected specimens were directly mounted on microscopic slides and after air-drying, they were fixed with 80% methanol and Giemsa stain. The cells were then inspected under a light microscope at 400x magnification for cytogenetic changes. Data were tabulated and analyzed by SPSS version 20 at a p < 0.001 level of significance. The results showed a significant increase in the frequency of karyolysis, karyorrhexis, and pyknosis in all four groups after dental radiography ( p < 0.001). Also, the number of micronuclei significantly increased after panoramic plus bitewing radiography ( p < 0.05). X-ray exposure in panoramic, periapical, bitewing, and bitewing plus panoramic radiographies can be cytotoxic, while bitewing plus panoramic radiography can be genotoxic in children as well.
{"title":"Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Effects of Dental Radiographic Modalities on Buccal Mucosal Cells in Children","authors":"B. Salman, Sona Rafieyan, Kasra Rahimipour, Narges Bayat","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1772206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1772206","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Dental radiography is an important diagnostic tool for the detection and assessment of the extent of dental caries and accurate treatment planning. There is no safe limit for X-ray exposure. The associated risks of X-ray exposure are higher in children due to a higher rate of cell proliferation in them, compared with adults. This study aimed to assess the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of dental radiographic modalities on buccal mucosal cells in children. This interventional study evaluated 80 children between 3 and 12 years who required periapical, panoramic, bitewing, or bitewing plus panoramic radiography for treatment planning. Twenty eligible patients were assigned to each of the aforementioned four groups. Buccal mucosal cells were scraped bilaterally by a plastic spatula after complete rinsing of the oral cavity. The collected specimens were directly mounted on microscopic slides and after air-drying, they were fixed with 80% methanol and Giemsa stain. The cells were then inspected under a light microscope at 400x magnification for cytogenetic changes. Data were tabulated and analyzed by SPSS version 20 at a p < 0.001 level of significance. The results showed a significant increase in the frequency of karyolysis, karyorrhexis, and pyknosis in all four groups after dental radiography ( p < 0.001). Also, the number of micronuclei significantly increased after panoramic plus bitewing radiography ( p < 0.05). X-ray exposure in panoramic, periapical, bitewing, and bitewing plus panoramic radiographies can be cytotoxic, while bitewing plus panoramic radiography can be genotoxic in children as well.","PeriodicalId":41283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45793479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This review article emphasizes the importance of addressing the unique health care needs of migrant workers in northern Thailand, with a focus on antenatal care services. There has been an increase in the number of migrant workers in the region. The challenges include language and cultural barriers, legal and administrative issues, inadequate health facilities and staff, and stigma and discrimination. However, by implementing a comprehensive set of recommendations, including strengthening collaboration, developing culturally sensitive programs, and increasing health care facility accessibility, stakeholders can create a more inclusive and supportive health care environment for migrant workers. This will ultimately contribute to healthier pregnancies and better outcomes for both mothers and their newborns. Prioritizing the needs of migrant workers is crucial for the successful integration of this population into the local health care workforce, thereby improving the health care system in northern Thailand.
{"title":"Antenatal Care Services for Migrant Workers in Northern Thailand: Challenges, Initiatives, and Recommendations for Improvement","authors":"Jukkrit Wungrath","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1772844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1772844","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This review article emphasizes the importance of addressing the unique health care needs of migrant workers in northern Thailand, with a focus on antenatal care services. There has been an increase in the number of migrant workers in the region. The challenges include language and cultural barriers, legal and administrative issues, inadequate health facilities and staff, and stigma and discrimination. However, by implementing a comprehensive set of recommendations, including strengthening collaboration, developing culturally sensitive programs, and increasing health care facility accessibility, stakeholders can create a more inclusive and supportive health care environment for migrant workers. This will ultimately contribute to healthier pregnancies and better outcomes for both mothers and their newborns. Prioritizing the needs of migrant workers is crucial for the successful integration of this population into the local health care workforce, thereby improving the health care system in northern Thailand.","PeriodicalId":41283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47005662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Aleksandrova, A. Asenova, P. Dimova, D. Deneva, E. Rodopska, E. Slavkova, V. Bojinova
Abstract Background The efforts of clinicians are focused on determining the predictors for electrical status epilepticus in sleep (ESES) manifestation, due to the negative effect of ESES on cognition. Treatment approaches remain a leading problem because of therapeutic resistance. Objective We looked for potential risk factors for ESES manifestation and summarize the clinical course and therapeutic approaches in patients with idiopathic and symptomatic ESES. Patients and Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical data of 51 children with idiopathic ESES and 20 children with symptomatic ESES. Results We observed an earlier age of seizure onset ( p = 0.0002) and a higher percentage of cases with multiple seizures ( p < 0.00001) and with postictal paralysis ( p < 0.00001) in idiopathic ESES compared with childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes. In the idiopathic ESES, the treatment consisted of corticosteroids in patients with permanent ESES remission and transient remission, levetiracetam (LEV) children with permanent ESES remission and transient, clonazepam (CZP) children with permanent ESES remission and transient, ethosuximide (ESM), and sulthiame. The patients with symptomatic ESES had more unfavorable evolution, as 19 children had persistent or relapsing ESES course. Conclusion We consider the earlier age of seizure onset (below 5 years) and the presence of multiple seizures and postictal paresis as risk factors for ESES manifestation. ESES is characterized by a significant therapeutic resistance, especially in the group of symptomatic cases. Good results are observed with LEV, ESM, CZP, and steroids.
{"title":"Electrical Status Epilepticus during Sleep: Risk Factors, Clinical Course, and Treatment Approaches","authors":"I. Aleksandrova, A. Asenova, P. Dimova, D. Deneva, E. Rodopska, E. Slavkova, V. Bojinova","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1768463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1768463","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background The efforts of clinicians are focused on determining the predictors for electrical status epilepticus in sleep (ESES) manifestation, due to the negative effect of ESES on cognition. Treatment approaches remain a leading problem because of therapeutic resistance. Objective We looked for potential risk factors for ESES manifestation and summarize the clinical course and therapeutic approaches in patients with idiopathic and symptomatic ESES. Patients and Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical data of 51 children with idiopathic ESES and 20 children with symptomatic ESES. Results We observed an earlier age of seizure onset ( p = 0.0002) and a higher percentage of cases with multiple seizures ( p < 0.00001) and with postictal paralysis ( p < 0.00001) in idiopathic ESES compared with childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes. In the idiopathic ESES, the treatment consisted of corticosteroids in patients with permanent ESES remission and transient remission, levetiracetam (LEV) children with permanent ESES remission and transient, clonazepam (CZP) children with permanent ESES remission and transient, ethosuximide (ESM), and sulthiame. The patients with symptomatic ESES had more unfavorable evolution, as 19 children had persistent or relapsing ESES course. Conclusion We consider the earlier age of seizure onset (below 5 years) and the presence of multiple seizures and postictal paresis as risk factors for ESES manifestation. ESES is characterized by a significant therapeutic resistance, especially in the group of symptomatic cases. Good results are observed with LEV, ESM, CZP, and steroids.","PeriodicalId":41283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49114666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Prakasit Wannapaschaiyong, Prakaiwan Vajrabhaya, Pat Rojmahamongkol, Sureelak Sutchritpongsa
Abstract Preschool children at risk of dyslexia show inadequate progress in their preliteracy skills; they often perform poorly in the domain of phonological awareness, letter knowledge, and rapid automatized naming. As a result, they tend to fall behind academically, specifically in reading, when they enter primary school. Because time is of the essence, early intervention becomes necessary to provide the best possible preliteracy outcome. To date, there has not been a study that investigates the effectiveness of early intervention in Thai, a language that is typologically and orthographically different from those in previous studies. In this preliminary study, training materials, created with phonological awareness and letter knowledge at the core, were presented via interactive Siriraj Pre-Literacy Enhancement software. In total, 73 typically developing preschoolers, aged 60 to 66 months, were enrolled. Preliteracy skills were measured by Rama Pre-Read (RPR). At-risk children received the 11-week computer-based early intervention training. After the intervention was completed, participants' preliteracy skills were evaluated by RPR (posttest). Sixteen children (21.9%) were at risk of dyslexia. Results after training indicated that preschool at-risk children of dyslexia in Thailand show a high magnitude of improvement in preliteracy skills, across all three domains. The computer-based early intervention to promote preliteracy skills is a feasible and effective form of remediation for Thai children at risk of dyslexia.
{"title":"A Computer-Based Early Intervention for Thai Preschool Children at Risk of Dyslexia: A Pre- and Postintervention Study","authors":"Prakasit Wannapaschaiyong, Prakaiwan Vajrabhaya, Pat Rojmahamongkol, Sureelak Sutchritpongsa","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1767809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1767809","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Preschool children at risk of dyslexia show inadequate progress in their preliteracy skills; they often perform poorly in the domain of phonological awareness, letter knowledge, and rapid automatized naming. As a result, they tend to fall behind academically, specifically in reading, when they enter primary school. Because time is of the essence, early intervention becomes necessary to provide the best possible preliteracy outcome. To date, there has not been a study that investigates the effectiveness of early intervention in Thai, a language that is typologically and orthographically different from those in previous studies. In this preliminary study, training materials, created with phonological awareness and letter knowledge at the core, were presented via interactive Siriraj Pre-Literacy Enhancement software. In total, 73 typically developing preschoolers, aged 60 to 66 months, were enrolled. Preliteracy skills were measured by Rama Pre-Read (RPR). At-risk children received the 11-week computer-based early intervention training. After the intervention was completed, participants' preliteracy skills were evaluated by RPR (posttest). Sixteen children (21.9%) were at risk of dyslexia. Results after training indicated that preschool at-risk children of dyslexia in Thailand show a high magnitude of improvement in preliteracy skills, across all three domains. The computer-based early intervention to promote preliteracy skills is a feasible and effective form of remediation for Thai children at risk of dyslexia.","PeriodicalId":41283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43257255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Family is crucial for the development and health of children. Parental disharmony and quarrels before or after divorce can negatively affect children's development and health; therefore, we strongly suggest that physicians should question the interparental relationship when evaluating a child. Marriage, which forms the basis of the family, has been accepted as the only legitimate relationship in all Divine religions that allows men and women to create their privacy and share space and contribute to the continuation of the human race. Since ancient times in all cultures and religions worldwide, interparental fidelity has been the most important thing in marriage. Happy family life is perpetuated through confidence between husband and wife and heartfelt respect and love. Immodest dress and free-and-easy behavior destroy confidence and spoil mutual respect and love. Therefore, religion has established the rule of marital fidelity. The definition of adultery in all religions consists of very similar elements. Men and women who commit adultery have been punished in various ways. In this article, we discussed marriage and marital fidelity, which determine the course of the interparental relationship, from a religious perspective to draw attention to the importance of the family institution in child health.
{"title":"Marriage and Marital Fidelity in Interparental Relationship: A View from Religious Perspective","authors":"H. Çaksen","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1768652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1768652","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Family is crucial for the development and health of children. Parental disharmony and quarrels before or after divorce can negatively affect children's development and health; therefore, we strongly suggest that physicians should question the interparental relationship when evaluating a child. Marriage, which forms the basis of the family, has been accepted as the only legitimate relationship in all Divine religions that allows men and women to create their privacy and share space and contribute to the continuation of the human race. Since ancient times in all cultures and religions worldwide, interparental fidelity has been the most important thing in marriage. Happy family life is perpetuated through confidence between husband and wife and heartfelt respect and love. Immodest dress and free-and-easy behavior destroy confidence and spoil mutual respect and love. Therefore, religion has established the rule of marital fidelity. The definition of adultery in all religions consists of very similar elements. Men and women who commit adultery have been punished in various ways. In this article, we discussed marriage and marital fidelity, which determine the course of the interparental relationship, from a religious perspective to draw attention to the importance of the family institution in child health.","PeriodicalId":41283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45550009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Refat, Mohamed Amir Fathy, Ali Hamdy Ali Abdel Hafez, Mohammed Abdeltawab Sabra, E. Hamed, Y. F. Abdelraheem
Abstract Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an independent risk factor for neonatal death. Since neonatal early renal injury usually has no specific clinical symptoms, many AKI cases are often missed the best time of early intervention if there is no relevant examination. Perinatal asphyxia (PA) can lead to AKI. The study aimed to assess efficacy of serum cystatin C (CystC) in early prediction of AKI in full-term neonates with PA. The study was conducted at the neonatal intensive care unit, Assiut University Children Hospital from January 2019 to January 2021. Seventy full-term neonates with documented PA were enrolled in the study. Baseline laboratory data and serum CystC levels were assessed. Out of those 70 neonates with PA, 21 (30%) developed AKI, while 49 (70%) neonates did not develop AKI. Majority of non-AKI group had stage-I hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) (61.2%), while majority of AKI had stage-III HIE (61.9%). A significantly higher serum CystC level was found among AKI group than those without AKI (1.50 ± 0.12 vs. 0.90 ± 0.14, p < 0.001). The predictors for AKI among neonates with PA were low birth weight, serum CystC levels, hypotension, and stage-III HIE. Serum CystC has 94.3% overall accuracy for prediction of AKI. In conclusion, AKI in neonates with PA is common. CystC is a promising biomarker in early prediction of AKI in such cases. Future studies are warranted to confirm these findings.
{"title":"Early Predictor of Acute Kidney Injury in Newborns with Perinatal Asphyxia","authors":"N. Refat, Mohamed Amir Fathy, Ali Hamdy Ali Abdel Hafez, Mohammed Abdeltawab Sabra, E. Hamed, Y. F. Abdelraheem","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1771517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1771517","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an independent risk factor for neonatal death. Since neonatal early renal injury usually has no specific clinical symptoms, many AKI cases are often missed the best time of early intervention if there is no relevant examination. Perinatal asphyxia (PA) can lead to AKI. The study aimed to assess efficacy of serum cystatin C (CystC) in early prediction of AKI in full-term neonates with PA. The study was conducted at the neonatal intensive care unit, Assiut University Children Hospital from January 2019 to January 2021. Seventy full-term neonates with documented PA were enrolled in the study. Baseline laboratory data and serum CystC levels were assessed. Out of those 70 neonates with PA, 21 (30%) developed AKI, while 49 (70%) neonates did not develop AKI. Majority of non-AKI group had stage-I hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) (61.2%), while majority of AKI had stage-III HIE (61.9%). A significantly higher serum CystC level was found among AKI group than those without AKI (1.50 ± 0.12 vs. 0.90 ± 0.14, p < 0.001). The predictors for AKI among neonates with PA were low birth weight, serum CystC levels, hypotension, and stage-III HIE. Serum CystC has 94.3% overall accuracy for prediction of AKI. In conclusion, AKI in neonates with PA is common. CystC is a promising biomarker in early prediction of AKI in such cases. Future studies are warranted to confirm these findings.","PeriodicalId":41283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49375379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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