{"title":"A History of Algeria, James McDougall (2017)","authors":"Terrence G. Peterson","doi":"10.1386/ijfs_00032_5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ijfs_00032_5","url":null,"abstract":"Review of: A History of Algeria, James McDougall (2017)\u0000Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 448 pp.,\u0000ISBN 978-0-52161-730-7, p/bk, $29.99","PeriodicalId":41286,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FRANCOPHONE STUDIES","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43979473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Review of: Garbage Citizenship: Vital Infrastructures of Labor in Dakar, Senegal, Rosalind Fredericks (2018) Durham: Duke University Press, 216 pp., ISBN 978-1-47800-141-6, p/bk, $23.95
Since 1975 Cheikh Bentounès has been the spiritual guide of the Alawiyya tariqa, founded in 1909 in Mostaganem, Algeria, by Cheikh Ahmed Al-Alawi, whose values of tolerance, peace and interreligious dialogue are known internationally. Living in Europe, the Cheikh navigates complex spaces and borders (Morocco, Algeria and France), advocating for a more harmonious relation to our environment. This article examines the concepts and projects he puts forward through his writings and the International Day of Living Together in Peace that he obtained from the United Nations in 2017. It evokes as well the views of rapper and writer Abd Al Malik on the importance of his approach (he refers to his personal experience growing up in a disadvantaged neighbourhood in France), and draws a parallel to the concepts of Senghor, first president of Senegal, on the interweaving of cultures – explained by the work of Soulemane Bachir Diagne through the influences of Bergson and Iqbal. Khalid Zekri’s analyses shed light on the historical, social and cultural context. In a world where consumerism (excessive notion of commodification) and divisions play an important role, Cheikh Bentounès reminds us of the need to shift our rapport to the world to better face problems that have arisen, including ecological disasters, before it is too late. We are reminded through the clarity of his words (power of orality) that humanism is an urgent necessity for our survival.
自1975年以来，谢赫·本顿顿斯一直是阿拉维派的精神导师。阿拉维派于1909年由谢赫·艾哈迈德·阿拉维在阿尔及利亚的莫斯塔加内姆创立，其宽容、和平和宗教间对话的价值观在国际上是众所周知的。居住在欧洲的谢赫穿梭于复杂的空间和边界(摩洛哥、阿尔及利亚和法国)，倡导与我们的环境建立更和谐的关系。本文考察了他在其著作中提出的概念和项目，以及他在2017年从联合国获得的“和平共处国际日”。它也让人想起说唱歌手兼作家Abd Al Malik对其方法重要性的看法(他提到自己在法国一个弱势社区长大的个人经历)，并将其与塞内加尔第一任总统桑戈尔关于文化交织的概念相提并论——Soulemane Bachir Diagne的作品通过柏格森和伊克巴尔的影响进行了解释。Khalid Zekri的分析揭示了历史、社会和文化背景。在一个消费主义(过度的商品化概念)和分裂发挥重要作用的世界里，谢赫·本顿提醒我们，有必要改变我们与世界的关系，以便在为时已晚之前更好地面对已经出现的问题，包括生态灾难。他清晰的话语(言语的力量)提醒我们，人道主义是我们生存的迫切需要。
{"title":"Cheikh Khaled Bentounès: l’ouverture, la solidarité, le partage – vers une culture de paix","authors":"H. Tissières","doi":"10.1386/ijfs_00030_7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ijfs_00030_7","url":null,"abstract":"Since 1975 Cheikh Bentounès has been the spiritual guide of the Alawiyya tariqa, founded in 1909 in Mostaganem, Algeria, by Cheikh Ahmed Al-Alawi, whose values of tolerance, peace and interreligious dialogue are known internationally. Living in Europe, the Cheikh navigates complex spaces and borders (Morocco, Algeria and France), advocating for a more harmonious relation to our environment. This article examines the concepts and projects he puts forward through his writings and the International Day of Living Together in Peace that he obtained from the United Nations in 2017. It evokes as well the views of rapper and writer Abd Al Malik on the importance of his approach (he refers to his personal experience growing up in a disadvantaged neighbourhood in France), and draws a parallel to the concepts of Senghor, first president of Senegal, on the interweaving of cultures – explained by the work of Soulemane Bachir Diagne through the influences of Bergson and Iqbal. Khalid Zekri’s analyses shed light on the historical, social and cultural context. In a world where consumerism (excessive notion of commodification) and divisions play an important role, Cheikh Bentounès reminds us of the need to shift our rapport to the world to better face problems that have arisen, including ecological disasters, before it is too late. We are reminded through the clarity of his words (power of orality) that humanism is an urgent necessity for our survival.","PeriodicalId":41286,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FRANCOPHONE STUDIES","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43791035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article examines Rebecca J. Scott and Jean M. Hébrard’s Freedom Papers and Marie-Célie Agnant’s novel Le livre d’Emma as two important contributions geared towards filling the lacunae that exist in the historical record given the lack of slave narratives in French. This study argues that these narratives are important because they approach slavery in the French empire from a fresh angle. Freedom Papers reconstructs the existence of a woman named Rosalie from her entry into the slave trade through her life in Haiti. Such a biographical approach allows researchers to put an individual face on what has mostly been studied as an abstract institution. Similarly, Agnant traces the family history of Emma back to her first ancestor to make the transatlantic journey. Although Agnant’s contribution is fictional, Emma’s story captures a perspective similar to the experience of many whose ancestors were enslaved. Both stories stress the importance of writing – veritable ink on paper. It was through writing that biased historical narrative was created by former empires. It is therefore through writing that Rosalie succeeded in injecting herself into the historical record, and through writing that Emma ensures her ancestors’ story is never forgotten.
{"title":"Reconstructed and neo-slave narratives in French: Filling the gap through literature and archives","authors":"Holly Collins","doi":"10.1386/ijfs_00028_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ijfs_00028_1","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines Rebecca J. Scott and Jean M. Hébrard’s Freedom Papers and Marie-Célie Agnant’s novel Le livre d’Emma as two important contributions geared towards filling the lacunae that exist in the historical record given the lack of slave narratives in French. This study argues that these narratives are important because they approach slavery in the French empire from a fresh angle. Freedom Papers reconstructs the existence of a woman named Rosalie from her entry into the slave trade through her life in Haiti. Such a biographical approach allows researchers to put an individual face on what has mostly been studied as an abstract institution. Similarly, Agnant traces the family history of Emma back to her first ancestor to make the transatlantic journey. Although Agnant’s contribution is fictional, Emma’s story captures a perspective similar to the experience of many whose ancestors were enslaved. Both stories stress the importance of writing – veritable ink on paper. It was through writing that biased historical narrative was created by former empires. It is therefore through writing that Rosalie succeeded in injecting herself into the historical record, and through writing that Emma ensures her ancestors’ story is never forgotten.","PeriodicalId":41286,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FRANCOPHONE STUDIES","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47372051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Les Écosystèmes à l’écran: activisme, représentations et pratiques documentaires en Afrique et sa diaspora","authors":"Suzanne Crosta, S. Niang, Alexie Tcheuyap","doi":"10.1386/ijfs_00015_2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ijfs_00015_2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41286,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FRANCOPHONE STUDIES","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47019549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Since the late twentieth century, African filmmakers have devoted themselves with tireless dedication and activism to environmental challenges that continue to alarm, even globally. Their lands are endangered, and their communities are severely affected in their living environment. There are major challenges, ever more urgent, about their ecosystems, but also about the neighbouring geographies and finally about the planet in general. Using a body of documentaries concerned with ecosystems on the continent, this study examines African filmmakers’ perspectives on ecosystem degradation in various African contexts while highlighting the ethics and aesthetics of their practices confronting the representation of a seemingly dystopian world. In response to the alarming discourses and desolate visions, this article underscores the filmmakers’ response to urgent ecological needs, and examines their activism in the search for green solutions in Africa.
{"title":"Des désastres écologiques au rêve panafricain d’une Grande Muraille verte","authors":"Suzanne Crosta","doi":"10.1386/ijfs_00020_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ijfs_00020_1","url":null,"abstract":"Since the late twentieth century, African filmmakers have devoted themselves with tireless dedication and activism to environmental challenges that continue to alarm, even globally. Their lands are endangered, and their communities are severely affected in their living environment.\u0000 There are major challenges, ever more urgent, about their ecosystems, but also about the neighbouring geographies and finally about the planet in general. Using a body of documentaries concerned with ecosystems on the continent, this study examines African filmmakers’ perspectives on\u0000 ecosystem degradation in various African contexts while highlighting the ethics and aesthetics of their practices confronting the representation of a seemingly dystopian world. In response to the alarming discourses and desolate visions, this article underscores the filmmakers’ response\u0000 to urgent ecological needs, and examines their activism in the search for green solutions in Africa.","PeriodicalId":41286,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FRANCOPHONE STUDIES","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46631395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article offers an analysis of the documentary Land Rush by Osvalde Lewat and Hugo Berkeley. The study shows how the film is an example of the multiple points of view, particularly sensitive to people’s living conditions. This is the result of a dual gaze of the filmmakers and also of the specific positioning of Osvalde Lewat, a Cameroonian who navigates between various countries and lives in the space of the diaspora. From her ‘situated gaze’, she offers a particular perspective on the fragility of villagers confronting environmental issues, international market and economic rules. Far removed from stereotypes, she shows how rural communities are faced with choices that can change their lives. At the same time, she attests to the fact that no matter the condition, one can resist and define one’s own destiny. It is a contemporary practice of documentary that Osvalde Lewat uses her experiences as a journalist and then as a filmmaker, to fight against injustices of all kinds.
{"title":"Land Rush, pratique documentaire et regard sur la complexité du réel","authors":"Daniela Ricci","doi":"10.1386/ijfs_00018_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ijfs_00018_1","url":null,"abstract":"This article offers an analysis of the documentary Land Rush by Osvalde Lewat and Hugo Berkeley. The study shows how the film is an example of the multiple points of view, particularly sensitive to people’s living conditions. This is the result of a dual gaze of the filmmakers\u0000 and also of the specific positioning of Osvalde Lewat, a Cameroonian who navigates between various countries and lives in the space of the diaspora. From her ‘situated gaze’, she offers a particular perspective on the fragility of villagers confronting environmental issues, international\u0000 market and economic rules. Far removed from stereotypes, she shows how rural communities are faced with choices that can change their lives. At the same time, she attests to the fact that no matter the condition, one can resist and define one’s own destiny. It is a contemporary practice\u0000 of documentary that Osvalde Lewat uses her experiences as a journalist and then as a filmmaker, to fight against injustices of all kinds.","PeriodicalId":41286,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FRANCOPHONE STUDIES","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41934518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This introduction to this interview presents Chloé Aïcha Boro, a Burkinabé journalist, writer, filmmaker and screenwriter. Although she started her career as a journalist for La voix du Sahel and Le Marabout in her native Burkina Faso, her love of literature inspired her to write novels and move on to screen writing and directing films. The introduction explores Le Loup d’or de Balolé. The interview focuses on her personal life and the making of her films, notably Farafin Ko and Le Loup d’or de Balolé. She explains the opportunities and challenges she faced during the production of her films, sharing her vision on documentary filmmaking.
{"title":"Se fier en toute liberté au réel: Entrevue avec Chloé Aïcha Boro","authors":"S. Niang, Suzanne Crosta","doi":"10.1386/ijfs_00025_7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ijfs_00025_7","url":null,"abstract":"This introduction to this interview presents Chloé Aïcha Boro, a Burkinabé journalist, writer, filmmaker and screenwriter. Although she started her career as a journalist for La voix du Sahel and Le Marabout in her native Burkina Faso, her love of literature inspired\u0000 her to write novels and move on to screen writing and directing films. The introduction explores Le Loup d’or de Balolé. The interview focuses on her personal life and the making of her films, notably Farafin Ko and Le Loup d’or de Balolé. She\u0000 explains the opportunities and challenges she faced during the production of her films, sharing her vision on documentary filmmaking.","PeriodicalId":41286,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FRANCOPHONE STUDIES","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45895556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article examines how time and space-time relate to eco-critical films and their charge of intervening in issues dealing with environmentalism. From the earliest films the question of capturing the truth gave impetus to the desire to represent reality accurately, including its social and political ‘truths’. Increasing concerns over the environment have come to mean that filmmakers have also felt the necessity to present eco-critical dramas. The drama has been how to create environmentally significant films without condescending to the viewers. The key question Rob Nixon poses in Slow Violence and the Environmentalism of the Poor might be how the social-economic order, over time, informs the health of the environment and the conditions of life for the working class. Two short films and the Green Belt Movement extend that question: Pumzi asks how a future marked by nuclear disaster might be survived by the sacrifice of an exceptional woman; Felix in Exile asks how the brutal practices of Apartheid might be survived. In both cases the questions of space and time prove to be basic, opening the possibility of joining the concept of space-time to eco-critical thought.
{"title":"Time and ecology in African cinema: Pumzi and Felix in Exile","authors":"K. Harrow","doi":"10.1386/ijfs_00023_7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ijfs_00023_7","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines how time and space-time relate to eco-critical films and their charge of intervening in issues dealing with environmentalism. From the earliest films the question of capturing the truth gave impetus to the desire to represent reality accurately, including its social\u0000 and political ‘truths’. Increasing concerns over the environment have come to mean that filmmakers have also felt the necessity to present eco-critical dramas. The drama has been how to create environmentally significant films without condescending to the viewers. The key question\u0000 Rob Nixon poses in Slow Violence and the Environmentalism of the Poor might be how the social-economic order, over time, informs the health of the environment and the conditions of life for the working class. Two short films and the Green Belt Movement extend that question: Pumzi\u0000 asks how a future marked by nuclear disaster might be survived by the sacrifice of an exceptional woman; Felix in Exile asks how the brutal practices of Apartheid might be survived. In both cases the questions of space and time prove to be basic, opening the possibility of joining the\u0000 concept of space-time to eco-critical thought.","PeriodicalId":41286,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FRANCOPHONE STUDIES","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43204429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The documentary film C’est ma terre by Fabrice Bouckat screened during the 2019 edition of Terrafestival is one of the first large-scale films produced locally on the crisis of the chlordecone molecule. This article will examine from a decolonial perspective, how its director, a Martinican with Gabonese origins who lives and works in Guadeloupe, develops a synthetic and universal vision of environmental crises, and thus demonstrates that destruction of ecosystems crosses time and space, cultures and lands, languages and peoples by bringing ecological crisis in the West Indies closer to the one experienced by the Vietnamese victims of Agent Orange.
{"title":"Chronique d’une écologie décoloniale dans C’est ma terre de Fabrice Bouckat","authors":"Françoise Naudillon","doi":"10.1386/ijfs_00017_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ijfs_00017_1","url":null,"abstract":"The documentary film C’est ma terre by Fabrice Bouckat screened during the 2019 edition of Terrafestival is one of the first large-scale films produced locally on the crisis of the chlordecone molecule. This article will examine from a decolonial perspective, how its director,\u0000 a Martinican with Gabonese origins who lives and works in Guadeloupe, develops a synthetic and universal vision of environmental crises, and thus demonstrates that destruction of ecosystems crosses time and space, cultures and lands, languages and peoples by bringing ecological crisis in the\u0000 West Indies closer to the one experienced by the Vietnamese victims of Agent Orange.","PeriodicalId":41286,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FRANCOPHONE STUDIES","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48183850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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