The aim of the study has been to record the effect of the organisational behaviour of the heads of agricultural holdings on their agricultural behaviours in Kırşehir province of Turkey. It was attempted to represent the organizational behaviours of producers by three different scales that were developed by different researchers and adapted to the present study. These scales are “Intrinsic Motivation Scale (IMS)”, “Leadership Qualities Scale (LQS)” and “Physiological Empowerment Instrument (PEI)”. The study was conducted in Mucur district of the Kırsehir Province with 98 heads of the agricultural holding between February-March, 2020. As a result, it was determined that the 3 scales had separate effects on different variables. Upon examining the economic variables particularly from (SGDPV) point of view, producers with high PEI and LQS values were found to have more earnings and producers with high IMS value worked mainly in plant production (embraced agricultural production) and tended to have more risks. Individuals with high IMS and PEI were inclined towards formal sources of information and private sector while individuals with high LQS see themselves as the central source of information. Therefore, written and visual sources as well as private sector remain at the top of information source. The sociological changes in rural areas of Turkey produce significant results in agricultural production. Changes in the behaviours of producers lead to the emergence of different roles with the society. There is an important change in the perception of the society with regards to leader farmer and individual with producers having a tendency toward individual action. Therefore, organization behaviour ways of producers do not fit in the theoretical structure or do not affect their agricultural production behaviours. Therefore, more sociological researches are required and new scales should be developed for rural communities and even for agricultural communities. Keywords: Physiological Empowerment Instrument, Intrinsic Motivation Scores, Leadership Qualities
{"title":"THE NEXUS OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIORS AND PRODUCTION BEHAVIORS OF THE HEAD OF THE AGRICULTURAL HOLDING IN TURKEY: KIRSEHIR PROVINCE CASE","authors":"H. O. Ozdemir","doi":"10.22194/JGIASS/8.1907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22194/JGIASS/8.1907","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study has been to record the effect of the organisational behaviour of the heads of agricultural holdings on their agricultural behaviours in Kırşehir province of Turkey. It was attempted to represent the organizational behaviours of producers by three different scales that were developed by different researchers and adapted to the present study. These scales are “Intrinsic Motivation Scale (IMS)”, “Leadership Qualities Scale (LQS)” and “Physiological Empowerment Instrument (PEI)”. The study was conducted in Mucur district of the Kırsehir Province with 98 heads of the agricultural holding between February-March, 2020. As a result, it was determined that the 3 scales had separate effects on different variables. Upon examining the economic variables particularly from (SGDPV) point of view, producers with high PEI and LQS values were found to have more earnings and producers with high IMS value worked mainly in plant production (embraced agricultural production) and tended to have more risks. Individuals with high IMS and PEI were inclined towards formal sources of information and private sector while individuals with high LQS see themselves as the central source of information. Therefore, written and visual sources as well as private sector remain at the top of information source. The sociological changes in rural areas of Turkey produce significant results in agricultural production. Changes in the behaviours of producers lead to the emergence of different roles with the society. There is an important change in the perception of the society with regards to leader farmer and individual with producers having a tendency toward individual action. Therefore, organization behaviour ways of producers do not fit in the theoretical structure or do not affect their agricultural production behaviours. Therefore, more sociological researches are required and new scales should be developed for rural communities and even for agricultural communities. Keywords: Physiological Empowerment Instrument, Intrinsic Motivation Scores, Leadership Qualities","PeriodicalId":413709,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural and Social Sciences )","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115672263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main purpose of the study was to investigate role of sugar mills in introducing improved production and protection methods for increasing sugarcane yield. Sugarcane farmers and Extension Field Staffs (EFS) in Pakistan are performing laborious jobs but the ultimate production of sugarcane crop is quite low as compared to neighboring countries. The main constraint associated with it is lack of technical competencies in the field of agriculture on the part of farming community and EFS of public and private sectors. There is a dire need to equip them with latest technological advancements in order to cope with changing demand of the country. The operational area of Hussein Sugar Mills (HSM) was selected which consisted of 200 villages. Out of which 4 villages namely chak 53, 54, 55 and 61 were selected randomly. From each village 30 respondents were selected through convenient sampling method. Hence, a total sample of 120 respondents was selected from the related section area of the sugar mill. The data were collected with the help of pre-tested and validated interview schedule. It was concluded that HSM must increase its area of operation as sugarcane growers mostly followed the instructions of EFS of HSM.
{"title":"ROLE OF PRIVATE SECTOR IN INTRODUCING EFFECTIVE SUGARCANE PROTECTION AND PRODUCTION TECHNIQUES","authors":"Mobushir Iqbal, R. M. Amir","doi":"10.22194/JGIASS/8-910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22194/JGIASS/8-910","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of the study was to investigate role of sugar mills in introducing improved production and protection methods for increasing sugarcane yield. Sugarcane farmers and Extension Field Staffs (EFS) in Pakistan are performing laborious jobs but the ultimate production of sugarcane crop is quite low as compared to neighboring countries. The main constraint associated with it is lack of technical competencies in the field of agriculture on the part of farming community and EFS of public and private sectors. There is a dire need to equip them with latest technological advancements in order to cope with changing demand of the country. The operational area of Hussein Sugar Mills (HSM) was selected which consisted of 200 villages. Out of which 4 villages namely chak 53, 54, 55 and 61 were selected randomly. From each village 30 respondents were selected through convenient sampling method. Hence, a total sample of 120 respondents was selected from the related section area of the sugar mill. The data were collected with the help of pre-tested and validated interview schedule. It was concluded that HSM must increase its area of operation as sugarcane growers mostly followed the instructions of EFS of HSM.","PeriodicalId":413709,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural and Social Sciences )","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126357422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this study was to determine the appropriate inter and intra row spacing of sunflower irrigated during the critical growing stages to obtain the highest seed and oil yields. The experiment was carried out with three replications in the randomized blocks with split plots design in 2016 and 2017. Inter row spacings (45 and 70 cm) were placed on the main plots and intra row spacings (20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 cm) were placed on the subplots. Bosfora, oilseed hybrid sunflower variety was used as plant material. It has been determined that inter and intra row spaces had statistically significant effects on sunflower development and yield parameters. In general, as the distance between the inter and intra rows narrowed, plant height was increased, while the stem and table diameters, the number of seeds in the table, thousand seed weight, oil rate and per plant yield were decreased. And also seed and oil yield was increased, in contrast to per plant yield, due to the increase in plant number per unit area. Seed and oil yield with 45x25 cm inter and intra row spacings were 59.6% and 52.9% higher as compared to 70x40 cm spacing, respectively. The highest seed and oil yield was obtained from 45x25 cm inter and intra row space under irrigated conditions.
{"title":"MULTIVARIABLE ANALYSIS OF CHARACTERS AFFECTING YIELD IN CHICKPEA PLANTS","authors":"U. Karadavut, Ömer Sözen","doi":"10.22194/JGIASS/8-912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22194/JGIASS/8-912","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to determine the appropriate inter and intra row spacing of sunflower irrigated during the critical growing stages to obtain the highest seed and oil yields. The experiment was carried out with three replications in the randomized blocks with split plots design in 2016 and 2017. Inter row spacings (45 and 70 cm) were placed on the main plots and intra row spacings (20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 cm) were placed on the subplots. Bosfora, oilseed hybrid sunflower variety was used as plant material. It has been determined that inter and intra row spaces had statistically significant effects on sunflower development and yield parameters. In general, as the distance between the inter and intra rows narrowed, plant height was increased, while the stem and table diameters, the number of seeds in the table, thousand seed weight, oil rate and per plant yield were decreased. And also seed and oil yield was increased, in contrast to per plant yield, due to the increase in plant number per unit area. Seed and oil yield with 45x25 cm inter and intra row spacings were 59.6% and 52.9% higher as compared to 70x40 cm spacing, respectively. The highest seed and oil yield was obtained from 45x25 cm inter and intra row space under irrigated conditions.","PeriodicalId":413709,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural and Social Sciences )","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115575534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Attempts were made to develop protocol for in vitro regeneration of litchi through axillary shoot bud cultures. The problem of microbial contamination, phenolic exudation and media browning was controlled up to some extend by pretreatment and rapid subculturing. A high frequency (51 %) shoot induction and differentiation was obtained in litchi Gola variety axillary explants on MS medium containing GA3 and BAP (1 mg/l), Kin (2 mg/l). In vitro raised shoots better proliferated in medium containing 2 mg/l BAP. BAP had positive effect on multiplication and growth of shoots but higher concentration than 2 mg/l reduced growth. Maximum rooting frequency (66.67%) with healthier roots was obtained in shoots cultured on full strength MS medium supplemented with IBA (2 mg/l). Plants with well-developed roots were transferred to soil with survival frequency of 57%. A combination of BAP and GA3 (1 mg/l), KIN (2 mg/l) was effective in establishment of cultures. While BAP (2 mg/l) and KIN (3 mg/l) was good for better flourishing in vitro raised shoots. 6-benzylaminepurine had positive effect on multiplication and growth of in vitro shoots but concentration exceeding 2 mg/l decreased growth. Full strength MS medium containing 2 mg/l IBA under dark condition promoted rooting in in vitro raised shoots. The protocol established could prove advantageous to the horticulturists and the industry for developing trees true to the parental type.
{"title":"IN VITRO REGENERATION OF LITCHI (Litchi chinensis SONN.) THROUGH SHOOT BUD CULTURE","authors":"S. U. Din, W. Shafqat","doi":"10.22194/JGIASS/8-913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22194/JGIASS/8-913","url":null,"abstract":"Attempts were made to develop protocol for in vitro regeneration of litchi through axillary shoot bud cultures. The problem of microbial contamination, phenolic exudation and media browning was controlled up to some extend by pretreatment and rapid subculturing. A high frequency (51 %) shoot induction and differentiation was obtained in litchi Gola variety axillary explants on MS medium containing GA3 and BAP (1 mg/l), Kin (2 mg/l). In vitro raised shoots better proliferated in medium containing 2 mg/l BAP. BAP had positive effect on multiplication and growth of shoots but higher concentration than 2 mg/l reduced growth. Maximum rooting frequency (66.67%) with healthier roots was obtained in shoots cultured on full strength MS medium supplemented with IBA (2 mg/l). Plants with well-developed roots were transferred to soil with survival frequency of 57%. A combination of BAP and GA3 (1 mg/l), KIN (2 mg/l) was effective in establishment of cultures. While BAP (2 mg/l) and KIN (3 mg/l) was good for better flourishing in vitro raised shoots. 6-benzylaminepurine had positive effect on multiplication and growth of in vitro shoots but concentration exceeding 2 mg/l decreased growth. Full strength MS medium containing 2 mg/l IBA under dark condition promoted rooting in in vitro raised shoots. The protocol established could prove advantageous to the horticulturists and the industry for developing trees true to the parental type.","PeriodicalId":413709,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural and Social Sciences )","volume":"195 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122974501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The requirement of animal protein is increasing with the population growth of the world. To fulfil this requirement, poultry meat is the cheapest and major source of animal protein. However, growth of broiler birds is being maximized by supplementing various nutrients from both artificial and natural source. One of the major nutrient for optimizing broiler growth performance are amino acids. Amino acids play a major role in meat type bird’s growth as they are the building blocks of protein synthesis and regulate different metabolic pathways. These metabolic pathways increases the digestion and absorption of nutrients. The purpose of this review is to insight the effect of tryptophan on production parameters and metabolic pathways involved in the synthesis of serotonin. On the basis of this review, we can conclude that tryptophan level of 0.20% during the starter phase and 0.15% during the finisher phase is mandatory to maintain optimum growth performance. However, tryptophan level of 0.20% is sole precursor for the synthesis of serotonin that is a neuromediator. Serotonin is involved in the dietary choice of broiler bird, improving gastrointestinal motility and intestinal secretion. Therefore, it is concluded that optimum level of tryptophan should be maintained in diet either by natural or synthetic source to optimize the growth performance and metabolic activities.
{"title":"EFFECT OF TRYPTOPHAN SUPPLEMENTATION ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF MEAT TYPE BIRDS: A REVIEW","authors":"U. Javed","doi":"10.22194/JGIASS/8-911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22194/JGIASS/8-911","url":null,"abstract":"The requirement of animal protein is increasing with the population growth of the world. To fulfil this requirement, poultry meat is the cheapest and major source of animal protein. However, growth of broiler birds is being maximized by supplementing various nutrients from both artificial and natural source. One of the major nutrient for optimizing broiler growth performance are amino acids. Amino acids play a major role in meat type bird’s growth as they are the building blocks of protein synthesis and regulate different metabolic pathways. These metabolic pathways increases the digestion and absorption of nutrients. The purpose of this review is to insight the effect of tryptophan on production parameters and metabolic pathways involved in the synthesis of serotonin. On the basis of this review, we can conclude that tryptophan level of 0.20% during the starter phase and 0.15% during the finisher phase is mandatory to maintain optimum growth performance. However, tryptophan level of 0.20% is sole precursor for the synthesis of serotonin that is a neuromediator. Serotonin is involved in the dietary choice of broiler bird, improving gastrointestinal motility and intestinal secretion. Therefore, it is concluded that optimum level of tryptophan should be maintained in diet either by natural or synthetic source to optimize the growth performance and metabolic activities.","PeriodicalId":413709,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural and Social Sciences )","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126582474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this study was to determine the appropriate inter and intra row spacing of sunflower irrigated during the critical growing stages to obtain the highest seed and oil yields. The experiment was carried out with three replications in the randomized blocks with split plots design in 2016 and 2017. Inter row spacings (45 and 70 cm) were placed on the main plots and intra row spacings (20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 cm) were placed on the subplots. Bosfora, oilseed hybrid sunflower variety was used as plant material. It has been determined that inter and intra row spaces had statistically significant effects on sunflower development and yield parameters. In general, as the distance between the inter and intra rows narrowed, plant height was increased, while the stem and table diameters, the number of seeds in the table, thousand seed weight, oil rate and per plant yield were decreased. And also seed and oil yield was increased, in contrast to per plant yield, due to the increase in plant number per unit area. Seed and oil yield with 45x25 cm inter and intra row spacings were 59.6% and 52.9% higher as compared to 70x40 cm spacing, respectively. The highest seed and oil yield was obtained from 45x25 cm inter and intra row space under irrigated conditions
{"title":"IMPROVING SEED AND OIL YIELD OF SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.) BY USING DIFFERENT INTER AND INTRA ROW SPACE COMBINATIONS","authors":"I. Demir","doi":"10.22194/JGIASS/8-909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22194/JGIASS/8-909","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to determine the appropriate inter and intra row spacing of sunflower irrigated during the critical growing stages to obtain the highest seed and oil yields. The experiment was carried out with three replications in the randomized blocks with split plots design in 2016 and 2017. Inter row spacings (45 and 70 cm) were placed on the main plots and intra row spacings (20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 cm) were placed on the subplots. Bosfora, oilseed hybrid sunflower variety was used as plant material. It has been determined that inter and intra row spaces had statistically significant effects on sunflower development and yield parameters. In general, as the distance between the inter and intra rows narrowed, plant height was increased, while the stem and table diameters, the number of seeds in the table, thousand seed weight, oil rate and per plant yield were decreased. And also seed and oil yield was increased, in contrast to per plant yield, due to the increase in plant number per unit area. Seed and oil yield with 45x25 cm inter and intra row spacings were 59.6% and 52.9% higher as compared to 70x40 cm spacing, respectively. The highest seed and oil yield was obtained from 45x25 cm inter and intra row space under irrigated conditions","PeriodicalId":413709,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural and Social Sciences )","volume":"60 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120919638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"EFFECT OF PLANTING FREQUENCIES ON AGRONOMIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF CHICKPEA (Cicer arietinum L.)","authors":"U. Karadavut, Ömer Sözen","doi":"10.22194/jgiass/8.900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22194/jgiass/8.900","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":413709,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural and Social Sciences )","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127774248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"IN VITRO AXILLARY SHOOT REGENERATION FROM SHOOT TIP EXPLANT OF DESI CHIKPEA (Cıcer arıetınum L.)","authors":"A. Kirtiş, M. Aasim","doi":"10.22194/jgiass/8.903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22194/jgiass/8.903","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":413709,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural and Social Sciences )","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114354841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"EVALUATION OF COTTON VARIETIES AGAINST WHITEFLY AND COTTON LEAF CURL VIRUS AND ITS CORRELATION WITH ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS","authors":"S. Wazeer, Q. Ali, Pest Warning","doi":"10.22194/jgiass/8.891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22194/jgiass/8.891","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":413709,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural and Social Sciences )","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134055401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"DETERMINATION OF PLANT PARASITIC NEMATODES IN VEGETABLE GROWING AREAS IN KIRSEHIR, TURKEY","authors":"Hayriye Didem Saglam Altinkoy","doi":"10.22194/jgiass/8.902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22194/jgiass/8.902","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":413709,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural and Social Sciences )","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125995490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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