Zimba Linah Tanyaradzwa, Mtaita Tuarira, M. Moses, Tabarira Jefta
{"title":"EFFECTS OF PLANTING DEPTH AND VARIETY ON CONTAINER PRODUCED POTATOES","authors":"Zimba Linah Tanyaradzwa, Mtaita Tuarira, M. Moses, Tabarira Jefta","doi":"10.17957/JGIASS/3.1.675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17957/JGIASS/3.1.675","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":413709,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural and Social Sciences )","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131659088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shelf life of food products is one of most debated issue in the regime of food processing and technology. Edible coating is a thin layer of edible material which provides a barrier against transfer of gasses, water vapors and solute particles across the food membrane. Melon is a rich source of nutrients like vitamins, minerals, flavonoids and phenolic compounds. It provides cooling effect to stomach. The present research is an effort to extend the shelf life of minimally processed melon fresh-cuts. Minimal processing offers additional value to fresh-cut produce regarding convenience and ready-to-eat attributes. For the purpose, different edible coating formulations like carbohydrate based chitosan 1% (T 1 ), chitosan 2% (T 2 ), chitosan 3% (T 3 ) and alginate 1% (T 4 ), alginate 2% (T 5 ) and alginate 3% (T 6 ) were developed. Additionally, coated fruit were also compared with that of control (T o ). During storage, melon dices were evaluated for various physicochemical analysis e.g. weight, color, total soluble solids, ascorbic acid after three days of interval to check the effect of edible coatings on these quality traits along with shelf life extension. It has been concluded after the analysis that T 3 has proved to be effective treatment in maintaining acidity, total soluble solids and color as compared to other treatments.
{"title":"IMPACT OF VARIOUS BIODEGRADABLE COATINGS ON SHELF LIFE OF MINIMALLY PROCESSED MELON","authors":"H. Aslam, H. A. Sakandar, M. Asim, A. Shakeel","doi":"10.17957/JGIASS/3.1.702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17957/JGIASS/3.1.702","url":null,"abstract":"Shelf life of food products is one of most debated issue in the regime of food processing and technology. Edible coating is a thin layer of edible material which provides a barrier against transfer of gasses, water vapors and solute particles across the food membrane. Melon is a rich source of nutrients like vitamins, minerals, flavonoids and phenolic compounds. It provides cooling effect to stomach. The present research is an effort to extend the shelf life of minimally processed melon fresh-cuts. Minimal processing offers additional value to fresh-cut produce regarding convenience and ready-to-eat attributes. For the purpose, different edible coating formulations like carbohydrate based chitosan 1% (T 1 ), chitosan 2% (T 2 ), chitosan 3% (T 3 ) and alginate 1% (T 4 ), alginate 2% (T 5 ) and alginate 3% (T 6 ) were developed. Additionally, coated fruit were also compared with that of control (T o ). During storage, melon dices were evaluated for various physicochemical analysis e.g. weight, color, total soluble solids, ascorbic acid after three days of interval to check the effect of edible coatings on these quality traits along with shelf life extension. It has been concluded after the analysis that T 3 has proved to be effective treatment in maintaining acidity, total soluble solids and color as compared to other treatments.","PeriodicalId":413709,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural and Social Sciences )","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125551633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
*Pakistan is an under developed country and its education can play a vital role for equipping the individual with latest knowledge and also takes steps for the all-round development of the individual’s personality (like spiritual, moral and physical). There is need to take measures of social inclusion to avoid unequal access of its individual towards education. The present study was conducted to investigate the factors that affect the learning achievements of the respondents according to their age, class, family type, parent’s income, parent’s education, teacher behavior and also the motivational factors. The relationship between social exclusion and education was also explored. Cross-sectional study was conducted in Madina town Faisalabad. A sample of 200 hundred respondents was collected through well-structured questionnaire. SPSS software was used to analyze the collected data. It was found that respondents' parents were educated and have nuclear family system and majority of the respondents were agreed with the opinion that teacher improves their performance. It is suggested that parents may share their responsibilities with teachers for improving their children’s achievements.
{"title":"FACTORS CAUSING SOCIAL EXCLUSION IN EDUCATION OF PAKISTAN; A CASE STUDY OF DISTRICT FAISALABAD","authors":"Aaisha Firdous, Z. Batool, S. Umber","doi":"10.17957/JGIASS/3.1.703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17957/JGIASS/3.1.703","url":null,"abstract":"*Pakistan is an under developed country and its education can play a vital role for equipping the individual with latest knowledge and also takes steps for the all-round development of the individual’s personality (like spiritual, moral and physical). There is need to take measures of social inclusion to avoid unequal access of its individual towards education. The present study was conducted to investigate the factors that affect the learning achievements of the respondents according to their age, class, family type, parent’s income, parent’s education, teacher behavior and also the motivational factors. The relationship between social exclusion and education was also explored. Cross-sectional study was conducted in Madina town Faisalabad. A sample of 200 hundred respondents was collected through well-structured questionnaire. SPSS software was used to analyze the collected data. It was found that respondents' parents were educated and have nuclear family system and majority of the respondents were agreed with the opinion that teacher improves their performance. It is suggested that parents may share their responsibilities with teachers for improving their children’s achievements.","PeriodicalId":413709,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural and Social Sciences )","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130172519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The research paper focused on extent/effectiveness of agri. information related to crops/agroforestry by the farmers through electronic media. The future preferential areas were also identified in this context. Furthermore, the various dimensions of agri. information (accurate, relevant, feasible, and useful) were also probed out. The study was conducted in Faisalabad District (a mix cropping zone) of the Punjab province (Pakistan). The data were collected from 330 randomly selected respondents (farmers) through a reliable and validated interview schedule. The collected data were analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The areas of agri. information major, minor, horticultural crops and agroforestry were ranked 1 st , 2 nd , 3 rd and 4 th respectively related to extent and effectiveness. The preferential areas showed the same ranking pattern. Moreover, regarding extent of agri. information as well as, TV was found relatively more prominent than other electronic media under study. Other notable media were radio and mobile phone. Concerted efforts are needed to harness the potential of electronic media for providing latest and pertinent information encompassing diversified spheres of agriculture.
{"title":"PERCEIVED EFFECTIVENESS OF ELECTRONIC MEDIA ABOUT AGRI. INFORMATION RELATED TO CROPS/AGROFORESTRY","authors":"G. Khan, S. Muhammad, K. M. Chaudhary, M. A. Khan","doi":"10.17957/JGIASS/3.1.521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17957/JGIASS/3.1.521","url":null,"abstract":"The research paper focused on extent/effectiveness of agri. information related to crops/agroforestry by the farmers through electronic media. The future preferential areas were also identified in this context. Furthermore, the various dimensions of agri. information (accurate, relevant, feasible, and useful) were also probed out. The study was conducted in Faisalabad District (a mix cropping zone) of the Punjab province (Pakistan). The data were collected from 330 randomly selected respondents (farmers) through a reliable and validated interview schedule. The collected data were analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The areas of agri. information major, minor, horticultural crops and agroforestry were ranked 1 st , 2 nd , 3 rd and 4 th respectively related to extent and effectiveness. The preferential areas showed the same ranking pattern. Moreover, regarding extent of agri. information as well as, TV was found relatively more prominent than other electronic media under study. Other notable media were radio and mobile phone. Concerted efforts are needed to harness the potential of electronic media for providing latest and pertinent information encompassing diversified spheres of agriculture.","PeriodicalId":413709,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural and Social Sciences )","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121241903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. El-Aleem, K. H. Abdel-Gwad, A. M. Ali, A. Nafady
*The present work was done to study evaluation of spraying and washing method of reduction ratios on animal ectoparasites by using Diazinon 60% EC under field conditions in farm animals. Results showed that the mean mortality percentage to lice on buffaloes were 55.38 and 70.43% from treatment with Diazinon 60% EC spraying and washing method at 1ml/liter water after 45 days respectively. The mean mortality percentage to ticks on cattle 40.63 and 62.03%, from treatment with Diazinon 60% EC spraying and washing method at 1ml/liter water after 45 days from respectively. Finally, the washing method was the best produced high toxicity followed by spraying method for the control of animal parasites control may be due to it gives more space exposure to a pesticide against the pest.
{"title":"COMPARISON BETWEEN SPRAYING AND WASHING METHOD OF REDUCTION RATIOS ON ANIMAL ECTOPARASITES BY USING DIAZINON 60% EC UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS IN FARM ANIMALS","authors":"A. El-Aleem, K. H. Abdel-Gwad, A. M. Ali, A. Nafady","doi":"10.17957/JGIASS/3.1.704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17957/JGIASS/3.1.704","url":null,"abstract":"*The present work was done to study evaluation of spraying and washing method of reduction ratios on animal ectoparasites by using Diazinon 60% EC under field conditions in farm animals. Results showed that the mean mortality percentage to lice on buffaloes were 55.38 and 70.43% from treatment with Diazinon 60% EC spraying and washing method at 1ml/liter water after 45 days respectively. The mean mortality percentage to ticks on cattle 40.63 and 62.03%, from treatment with Diazinon 60% EC spraying and washing method at 1ml/liter water after 45 days from respectively. Finally, the washing method was the best produced high toxicity followed by spraying method for the control of animal parasites control may be due to it gives more space exposure to a pesticide against the pest.","PeriodicalId":413709,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural and Social Sciences )","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123992697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Farooq, M. Ali, M. Naeem, A. Sattar, M. Ijaz, A. Sher, T. A. Yasir, M. Iqbal
Selecting the suitable sowing method on right sowing dates can maximize the outcomes of the interaction between these two factors, thus increasing grain yield and quality parameters of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The present study aimed at determining the most appropriate sowing time and methods that maximizes the total crude protein and soluble starch contents of the wheat grains. Wheat cultivar (Sehar-2006) was evaluated under three sowing methods (Bed planting, drill/line sowing and broadcasting) planted at three sowing times (November-15, November-30 and December-30) during 2008 and 2009. Randomized complete block design with split plot arrangements was applied for this study. For both quality parameters (Protein and starch), interaction of sowing methods and time were found non-significant while for the both individual effects significant results were obtained for total soluble starch. For total crude protein, effect of sowing time was non-significant but significant for sowing methods.
{"title":"IMPACT OF SOWING TIME AND PLANTING METHOD ON THE QUALITY TRAITS OF WHEAT","authors":"O. Farooq, M. Ali, M. Naeem, A. Sattar, M. Ijaz, A. Sher, T. A. Yasir, M. Iqbal","doi":"10.17957/JGIASS/3.1.676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17957/JGIASS/3.1.676","url":null,"abstract":"Selecting the suitable sowing method on right sowing dates can maximize the outcomes of the interaction between these two factors, thus increasing grain yield and quality parameters of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The present study aimed at determining the most appropriate sowing time and methods that maximizes the total crude protein and soluble starch contents of the wheat grains. Wheat cultivar (Sehar-2006) was evaluated under three sowing methods (Bed planting, drill/line sowing and broadcasting) planted at three sowing times (November-15, November-30 and December-30) during 2008 and 2009. Randomized complete block design with split plot arrangements was applied for this study. For both quality parameters (Protein and starch), interaction of sowing methods and time were found non-significant while for the both individual effects significant results were obtained for total soluble starch. For total crude protein, effect of sowing time was non-significant but significant for sowing methods.","PeriodicalId":413709,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural and Social Sciences )","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130716447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. U. Shakir, N. Anjum, Q. Ali, S. Saleem, M. Awais, Tauqir Anwar
The Chrysoperla carnea (Green lacewing) is an important predator of soft bodied insect pests of different crops like wheat, Maize, Cotton and others in Pakistan. Morphology, behavior and ecophysiology studies of Chrysoperla carnea were examined by the researcher while molecular study had not been checked. In this experiment the aim was to expand the studies up to molecular level to examine the systematic of Chrysoperla carnea. The results indicated that the level of DNA variation was high among the five Chrysoperla carnea species. Therefore, RAPD markers can be used successfully for the identification of Chrysoperla carnea species. The genetic similarity matrix of RAPD data for the five Chrysoperla carnea species was constructed. The genetic similarities of these lacewing species were ranging from 55% to 82%. Genetic similarity co-efficient for the five C. carnea species were utilized for the construction of a dandrogram by the UPGMA method. Since DNA polymorphism between the five green lace wing species is high (45%) as revealed by RAPD analysis. Dandrogram analysis showed a wide range of groupings for genetic similarity among five C. carnea species.
{"title":"MOLECULAR SYSTEMATICS OF Chrysoperla carnea GROUP (NEUROPTERA: CHRYSOPIDAE) IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN","authors":"H. U. Shakir, N. Anjum, Q. Ali, S. Saleem, M. Awais, Tauqir Anwar","doi":"10.17957/JGIASS/3.1.677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17957/JGIASS/3.1.677","url":null,"abstract":"The Chrysoperla carnea (Green lacewing) is an important predator of soft bodied insect pests of different crops like wheat, Maize, Cotton and others in Pakistan. Morphology, behavior and ecophysiology studies of Chrysoperla carnea were examined by the researcher while molecular study had not been checked. In this experiment the aim was to expand the studies up to molecular level to examine the systematic of Chrysoperla carnea. The results indicated that the level of DNA variation was high among the five Chrysoperla carnea species. Therefore, RAPD markers can be used successfully for the identification of Chrysoperla carnea species. The genetic similarity matrix of RAPD data for the five Chrysoperla carnea species was constructed. The genetic similarities of these lacewing species were ranging from 55% to 82%. Genetic similarity co-efficient for the five C. carnea species were utilized for the construction of a dandrogram by the UPGMA method. Since DNA polymorphism between the five green lace wing species is high (45%) as revealed by RAPD analysis. Dandrogram analysis showed a wide range of groupings for genetic similarity among five C. carnea species.","PeriodicalId":413709,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural and Social Sciences )","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124304168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was planned to investigate the effect of different inoculum levels (10 spores/ml, 5x10 spores/ml, 10 spores/ml and 5x10 spores/ml) of Ascochyta fabae f. sp. lenntis on plant growth and yield parameters on four different varieties of lentil belonging to resistant and susceptible group, grown in Department of Plant Pathology University of Agriculture Faisalabad. All the varieties showed varying response towards different inoculum levels of Ascochyta blight. It was found that with the increase in the inoculum levels there was decrease in plant height, number of leaflets, pods/plant, grains/pod and 100 grain weight and this response was noticed higher in susceptible group as compared to resistant group.
{"title":"EFFECT OF DIFFERENT INOCULUM LEVELS OF Ascochyta fabae F. SP. LENNTIS ON PLANT GROWTH AND YIELD PARAMETERS OF LENTIL","authors":"Talfoor-ul Hassan, S. T. Sahi, I. Haq, Z. Ullah","doi":"10.17957/JGIASS/3.1.625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17957/JGIASS/3.1.625","url":null,"abstract":"This study was planned to investigate the effect of different inoculum levels (10 spores/ml, 5x10 spores/ml, 10 spores/ml and 5x10 spores/ml) of Ascochyta fabae f. sp. lenntis on plant growth and yield parameters on four different varieties of lentil belonging to resistant and susceptible group, grown in Department of Plant Pathology University of Agriculture Faisalabad. All the varieties showed varying response towards different inoculum levels of Ascochyta blight. It was found that with the increase in the inoculum levels there was decrease in plant height, number of leaflets, pods/plant, grains/pod and 100 grain weight and this response was noticed higher in susceptible group as compared to resistant group.","PeriodicalId":413709,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural and Social Sciences )","volume":"420 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116687645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
*Soil samples were collected from Mardan district, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan and were analyzed for physico-chemical parameters (pH, EC, SOM), major cations (Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn) and heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Cr, Cd, As) concentrations using atomic absorption spectrometer. Based on concentration values, the major cations was found in order of Na> Ca >Fe> K > Mg >Mn. Increasing order of the heavy metal concentrations were as Zn > Cr > Ni > Cu >Pb> As > Cd. The enhanced values of heavy metals in the studied soils could be due to sulfide and mafic minerals in the soils of the study area. Metal concentrations were used to quantify pollution contamination factors (CFs) and pollution load index (PLI). It can be concluded from this classification that soils of the study area are polluted with some of the heavy metals.
*采集巴基斯坦开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦省马尔丹地区土壤样品，利用原子吸收光谱仪分析土壤理化参数(pH、EC、SOM)、主要阳离子(Na、K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn)和重金属(Cu、Pb、Zn、Ni、Cr、Cd、As)浓度。从浓度值来看，主要阳离子的排列顺序为Na> Ca >Fe> K > Mg >Mn。重金属含量的增加顺序为Zn > Cr > Ni > Cu >Pb> as > Cd，重金属含量的增加可能是由于研究区土壤中的硫化物和基性矿物质所致。采用金属浓度量化污染因子(CFs)和污染负荷指数(PLI)。从这一分类可以得出结论，研究区土壤受到部分重金属的污染。
{"title":"QUANTIFICATION OF THE HEAVY METALS IN THE AGRICULTURAL SOILS OF MARDAN DISTRICT, KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA, PAKISTAN","authors":"Nida Gul, M. Shah, S. Khan","doi":"10.17957/JGIASS/2.4.460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17957/JGIASS/2.4.460","url":null,"abstract":"*Soil samples were collected from Mardan district, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan and were analyzed for physico-chemical parameters (pH, EC, SOM), major cations (Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn) and heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Cr, Cd, As) concentrations using atomic absorption spectrometer. Based on concentration values, the major cations was found in order of Na> Ca >Fe> K > Mg >Mn. Increasing order of the heavy metal concentrations were as Zn > Cr > Ni > Cu >Pb> As > Cd. The enhanced values of heavy metals in the studied soils could be due to sulfide and mafic minerals in the soils of the study area. Metal concentrations were used to quantify pollution contamination factors (CFs) and pollution load index (PLI). It can be concluded from this classification that soils of the study area are polluted with some of the heavy metals.","PeriodicalId":413709,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural and Social Sciences )","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122054617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Proximate composition of head and scales from wild and farmed Ctenopharyngodon idella of three different weight categories W1 (601-900gm), W2 (901-1200gm) and W3 (1201-1500) was studied. An increase in protein and lipid contents was noted with an increase in weight of fish but moisture contents decreased with increasing fish weight. Significant (P<0.05) differences were found among three weight categories for moisture, protein, lipids, ash and carbohydrates. Maximum moisture was noted as 54.80% in head of wild C. idella of weight category W1. Maximum protein (21.86%) and lipid (19.39%) percentages were noted in head of farmed fish of weight category W3. Maximum ash contents were observed as 6.66% in head of wild C. idella of weight category W2. Maximum carbohydrates (0.61%) were observed in head of farmed fish of W2 weight category. The wild C. idella of weight category W1 showed maximum moisture (52.07%) and maximum protein content (23.14%) in case of weight category W2. Maximum lipids (0.74%) and maximum ash content (25.77%) were recorded in framed C. idella of W2 and W1 weight categories, respectively.
{"title":"PROXIMATE COMPOSITION OF HEAD AND SCALES IN WILD AND FARMED Ctenopharyngodon idella UNDER DIFFERENT WEIGHT CATEGORIES","authors":"M. A. Naqvi, Sara Tahir, A. Gilani","doi":"10.17957/JGIASS/2.4.517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17957/JGIASS/2.4.517","url":null,"abstract":"Proximate composition of head and scales from wild and farmed Ctenopharyngodon idella of three different weight categories W1 (601-900gm), W2 (901-1200gm) and W3 (1201-1500) was studied. An increase in protein and lipid contents was noted with an increase in weight of fish but moisture contents decreased with increasing fish weight. Significant (P<0.05) differences were found among three weight categories for moisture, protein, lipids, ash and carbohydrates. Maximum moisture was noted as 54.80% in head of wild C. idella of weight category W1. Maximum protein (21.86%) and lipid (19.39%) percentages were noted in head of farmed fish of weight category W3. Maximum ash contents were observed as 6.66% in head of wild C. idella of weight category W2. Maximum carbohydrates (0.61%) were observed in head of farmed fish of W2 weight category. The wild C. idella of weight category W1 showed maximum moisture (52.07%) and maximum protein content (23.14%) in case of weight category W2. Maximum lipids (0.74%) and maximum ash content (25.77%) were recorded in framed C. idella of W2 and W1 weight categories, respectively.","PeriodicalId":413709,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural and Social Sciences )","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121498082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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