This paper offers a comparative case study of Samuel Beckett's Comment c'est (1961)/ How It Is (1964) and the Marquis de Sade's 120 journées de Sodome (1799). How It Is contains one of the only two explicit mentions of the notion of ‘sadism’ in Beckett's œuvre, and a close reading of both ‘novels’ provides definitive evidence that this particular occurrence refers not merely to a vulgarised, generic notion of cruelty, but to Sade's text specifically, thus confirming the presence of a direct intertextual borrowing, and showing that Beckett was indeed rereading the 120 jounées (or his notes on Sade) while writing Comment c'est. This paper argues for a Sadean impact on the form, themes and aesthetics of Beckett's text by way of a comparative reading blending empirical and interpretative approaches, paying close attention to the narrative and fictional strategies at work in Beckett's reception of the Sadean universe. Maurice Blanchot's essay ‘La raison de Sade’ (1949), which Beckett knew well, is used as critical framework to interpret the Sadean dimension of Beckett's last ‘novel’. This allows for new insights into the writing of this difficult work and casts a great deal of light on the evolution of Beckett's exploration of violence and alterity.
本文对塞缪尔·贝克特的《评论》（1961）/《如何》（1964）和萨德侯爵的《索多姆120报》（1799）进行了比较个案研究。《原来如此》包含了贝克特作品中仅有的两个明确提到“虐待狂”概念的作品之一，仔细阅读这两部“小说”提供了明确的证据，证明这种特殊的事件不仅指的是粗俗的、通用的残忍概念，而且具体指的是萨德的文本，从而证实了直接互文借用的存在，并表明贝克特在写《评论》时确实在重读120篇文章（或他对萨德的笔记）。本文通过将实证和解释方法相结合的比较阅读，密切关注贝克特接受萨德宇宙的叙事和虚构策略，论证了萨德对贝克特文本的形式、主题和美学的影响。莫里斯·布兰肖特（Maurice Blanchot）的散文《萨德的存在》（La raison de Sade）（1949）是贝克特所熟知的，它被用作解读贝克特最后一部“小说”的萨德维度的批判框架。这为这部艰难作品的写作提供了新的见解，并为贝克特对暴力和争吵的探索提供了大量线索。
{"title":"How It Was in Silling: Comment c’est and Les 120 journées de Sodome – An Intertextual Case Study","authors":"Elsa Baroghel","doi":"10.3366/jobs.2022.0361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/jobs.2022.0361","url":null,"abstract":"This paper offers a comparative case study of Samuel Beckett's Comment c'est (1961)/ How It Is (1964) and the Marquis de Sade's 120 journées de Sodome (1799). How It Is contains one of the only two explicit mentions of the notion of ‘sadism’ in Beckett's œuvre, and a close reading of both ‘novels’ provides definitive evidence that this particular occurrence refers not merely to a vulgarised, generic notion of cruelty, but to Sade's text specifically, thus confirming the presence of a direct intertextual borrowing, and showing that Beckett was indeed rereading the 120 jounées (or his notes on Sade) while writing Comment c'est. This paper argues for a Sadean impact on the form, themes and aesthetics of Beckett's text by way of a comparative reading blending empirical and interpretative approaches, paying close attention to the narrative and fictional strategies at work in Beckett's reception of the Sadean universe. Maurice Blanchot's essay ‘La raison de Sade’ (1949), which Beckett knew well, is used as critical framework to interpret the Sadean dimension of Beckett's last ‘novel’. This allows for new insights into the writing of this difficult work and casts a great deal of light on the evolution of Beckett's exploration of violence and alterity.","PeriodicalId":41421,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF BECKETT STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44869913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Influencing Beckett / Beckett Influencing, ed. Anita Rákóczy, Mariko Hori Tanaka and Nicholas E. Johnson","authors":"Trish McTighe","doi":"10.3366/jobs.2022.0364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/jobs.2022.0364","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41421,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF BECKETT STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44824198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction to the Dialogue entre un Prêtre et un Moribond","authors":"Maurice Heine","doi":"10.3366/jobs.2022.0353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/jobs.2022.0353","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41421,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF BECKETT STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41931270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Some Recently Disovered Letters of Sade","authors":"Marquis de Sade","doi":"10.3366/jobs.2022.0358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/jobs.2022.0358","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41421,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF BECKETT STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49544653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Marquis of Sade and the Novel of Gloom","authors":"Maurice Heine","doi":"10.3366/jobs.2022.0354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/jobs.2022.0354","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41421,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF BECKETT STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42569803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction The Lost Volume of Transition: Beckett, Duthuit, Sade","authors":"Michael Krimper","doi":"10.3366/jobs.2022.0352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/jobs.2022.0352","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41421,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF BECKETT STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45672335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pan Pan Theatre Company’s Endgame, directed by Gavin Quinn","authors":"B. Dinçel","doi":"10.3366/jobs.2022.0366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/jobs.2022.0366","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41421,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF BECKETT STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41716261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article illustrates how Beckett’s engagement with the works and ideas of the Marquis de Sade in the early 1930s plays a role in shaping his earliest extended fictions, Dream of Fair to middling Women and More Pricks Than Kicks. It begins by delineating how Beckett’s jottings in the ‘Dream’ Notebook prove that he read Mario Praz’s La carne, la morte, e il diavolo nella letteratura romantica (1930) whilst writing his first novel, Dream of Fair to middling Women (1992, written 1930–32), before then assessing the evidence indicating that he was also familiar with Guillaume Appollinaire’s L’Œuvre du marquis de Sade (1909) at this time. Following this, the essay examines how Beckett’s knowledge of Sade’s works and ideas, as gleaned through the aforementioned secondary sources, influences Dream of Fair to middling Women and More Pricks Than Kicks (1934). It argues that Dream of Fair to middling Women’s portrayal of the Smeraldina and the Frica align with an essential sadistic tenet theorised by Praz: namely, that the sadistic individual, out of ‘necessity’, regards lovers and sexual beings as ‘monstrous creature[s]’ ( Praz 1970 , 152). Following this, the essay argues that there is a reduction in sadistic force between Dream of Fair to middling Women and More Pricks Than Kicks, which renders visible a potentially unexpected similarity between Apollinaire’s depiction of Sade’s opposition to the death penalty and the textual condemnation of vulgarised sadism in ‘Dante and the Lobster’. The essay then concludes by highlighting how the entrance of the above-mentioned notes into Beckett’s earliest extended fictions exposes the fact that Beckett’s interest in the artistic potential of sadism pre-dates his 1938 encounter with Sade’s Les 120 journées de Sodome, thereby emphasising how the shade of sadism saturates Beckett’s œuvre.
这篇文章阐述了贝克特在20世纪30年代早期对萨德侯爵的作品和思想的接触如何影响了他最早的长篇小说《窈窕淑女之梦》和《刺多于踢》的形成。首先描述贝克特在“梦”笔记中的笔记如何证明他在写他的第一部小说《中产妇女的美梦》(1992,1930 - 32)时读了马里奥·普拉茨的《女人的美梦》(1930)，然后评估证据表明他也熟悉纪尧姆·阿波里奈尔的《Œuvre du marquis de Sade》(1909)。在此之后，本文考察了贝克特通过上述二手资料收集到的关于萨德作品和思想的知识是如何影响《窈窕淑女之梦》和《刺多于踢》(1934)的。它认为《窈窕淑女之梦》对斯梅拉迪纳和非洲的描绘与普拉茨提出的一种基本的虐待狂原则是一致的:即，虐待狂个人出于“必要性”，将爱人和有性生命视为“怪物”(普拉茨1970,152)。在此之后，本文认为，在《窈窕淑女之梦》和《刺多于踢》之间，虐待狂的力量有所减少，这使得阿波利奈尔对萨德反对死刑的描述与《但丁与龙虾》中对庸俗虐待狂的文本谴责之间存在着潜在的意想不到的相似性。文章最后强调，贝克特早期长篇小说中提到的这些注释，揭示了这样一个事实，即贝克特对虐待狂的艺术潜力的兴趣，早在他1938年与萨德的《Les 120 journes de Sodome》相遇之前，从而强调了虐待狂的阴影是如何渗透到贝克特的œuvre小说中的。
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{"title":"Concluding Paragraph of the Marquis of Sade’s Last Will and Testament","authors":"Marquis de Sade","doi":"10.3366/jobs.2022.0359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/jobs.2022.0359","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41421,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF BECKETT STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43703916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this essay, I situate Beckett’s effort to translate numerous documents of and around the Marquis de Sade for the seventh volume of Transition in the context of his contemporary experiments with an aesthetics of failure. What catches his attention concerning the renewal of Sade in France after the Second World War, I argue, is a form of literature animated by the impossible – that is, weakness, dispossession, and inoperativity –, which undermines the logic of representation at the basis of anthropocentric and humanist subjectivity. I proceed to elucidate Beckett’s translations of excerpts from Maurice Blanchot and Georges Bataille on Sade, with an emphasis on the question of sovereignty on its aesthetic, ethical, political, ontological, and literary registers. Their readings critically reassess the modern biopolitical configuration of sovereign power and violence that reduces human life to nothing, all the while tracing a certain excess of being that traverses the language of Sade’s body of work. This notably sovereign excess, when displaced in the space of literature, dismantles the self-sufficient and autonomous subject on the one hand and taps into an insurgent potential of revolt on the other. My contention is that Beckett’s hitherto unpublished translations convey what he shares in common, albeit from a distance, with Blanchot and Bataille after Sade, alongside a wider counter-current of late modernist literature attuned to writing, thinking, and living from the standpoint of the impossible.
{"title":"On Sade’s Sovereign Excess: Beckett Translating Blanchot and Bataille","authors":"Michael Krimper","doi":"10.3366/jobs.2022.0362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/jobs.2022.0362","url":null,"abstract":"In this essay, I situate Beckett’s effort to translate numerous documents of and around the Marquis de Sade for the seventh volume of Transition in the context of his contemporary experiments with an aesthetics of failure. What catches his attention concerning the renewal of Sade in France after the Second World War, I argue, is a form of literature animated by the impossible – that is, weakness, dispossession, and inoperativity –, which undermines the logic of representation at the basis of anthropocentric and humanist subjectivity. I proceed to elucidate Beckett’s translations of excerpts from Maurice Blanchot and Georges Bataille on Sade, with an emphasis on the question of sovereignty on its aesthetic, ethical, political, ontological, and literary registers. Their readings critically reassess the modern biopolitical configuration of sovereign power and violence that reduces human life to nothing, all the while tracing a certain excess of being that traverses the language of Sade’s body of work. This notably sovereign excess, when displaced in the space of literature, dismantles the self-sufficient and autonomous subject on the one hand and taps into an insurgent potential of revolt on the other. My contention is that Beckett’s hitherto unpublished translations convey what he shares in common, albeit from a distance, with Blanchot and Bataille after Sade, alongside a wider counter-current of late modernist literature attuned to writing, thinking, and living from the standpoint of the impossible.","PeriodicalId":41421,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF BECKETT STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48003118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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