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TRANSITIONS IN GLOBAL POLARITY AND THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA’S STRATEGY TOWARD SOUTH ASIA 全球两极的转变和美国对南亚的战略
Pub Date : 2020-10-07 DOI: 10.18510/hssr.2020.84145
A. Malik, M. N. Mirza, I. H. Qaisrani
Purpose of the study: This study intends to explore the discourses on patterns of systemic polarity. The study of these discourses helps in the development of the discipline of International Relations. The study also explores the foreign policy of the United States - being the greatest power of the time and claiming to be the custodian of the prevailing international order – towards South Asia. Methodology: This is a qualitative explanatory and exploratory study. The specific method utilized to conduct the study remains the discourse analysis. Main Findings: The study finds that international polarity is a continuous process of transition. These are a combination of systemic and sub-systemic actors and factors that contribute to this transition. Applications of this study: The study is useful for students and scholars of International Relations, Area Studies, Strategic Studies, and allied disciplines. It is equally useful for policy practitioners. Novelty/Originality of this study: The discourses on patterns of international polarity have contributed to the development of International Relations as a discipline. A significant debate on the discourses of international polarity has been the pattern of post-Cold War and Post-9/11 orders. While there has been a relatively dominant claim that this era overall shows evidence of unipolarity; there is an equally influential claim that the international order appears multipolar. There is however a need to address a primary question that demands an inquiry into the type of multipolarity in the post-Cold War and post-9/11 eras as it is assumed that the dynamics of international order and great power rivalries in this era are significantly different from the earlier patterns of international multipolarity. This inquiry is informed by focusing on the policies of great powers toward south Asia and the transforming geostrategic and economic relations between significant South Asian states.  
研究目的:本研究旨在探讨系统极性模式的话语。对这些话语的研究有助于国际关系学科的发展。该研究还探讨了美国作为当时最强大的国家并声称是现行国际秩序的守护者对南亚的外交政策。研究方法:这是一项定性解释和探索性研究。进行研究的具体方法仍然是语篇分析。主要发现:研究发现,国际极性是一个持续的过渡过程。这些是促成这一转变的系统性和次级系统性行为者和因素的组合。本研究的应用:本研究对国际关系、区域研究、战略研究及相关学科的学生和学者有一定的参考价值。它对政策实践者同样有用。本研究的新颖性/原创性:关于国际两极格局的论述促进了国际关系学科的发展。关于国际极化的一个重要争论是后冷战和后9/11秩序的模式。虽然有一个相对占主导地位的说法,即这个时代总体上显示出单极的证据;还有一种同样有影响力的观点认为,国际秩序似乎是多极的。然而,有必要解决一个主要问题,即需要对后冷战和后9/11时代的多极化类型进行调查,因为人们认为,这个时代的国际秩序动态和大国竞争与早期的国际多极化模式有很大不同。这一调查是通过关注大国对南亚的政策以及重要南亚国家之间不断变化的地缘战略和经济关系来进行的。
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引用次数: 0
ERADICATION OF DICHOTOMIES BETWEEN THEOLOGY AND THE NATURAL WORLD IN WENDELL BERRY’S JAYBER CROW 温德尔·贝里的《鸦鸦》中神学与自然世界二分法的根除
Pub Date : 2019-11-15 DOI: 10.18510/hssr.2019.75173
C. Blessy, A. Alexander
Purpose of the study: The novel Jayber Crow (2000) by Wendell Berry is packed with his ecological and sociological concerns. This study aims to analyse Wendell Berry’s novel Jayber Crow from ecocritical viewpoints, specifically ecotheology and environmental humanities. Methodology: Descriptive analysis has been done by the researcher using primary data and secondary data. Main Findings: A person’s connection to the earth is a reflection of their divine and human interactions. Berry’s Christian and agricultural ideas throughout the book demonstrate how improving oneself and working on the natural world are related. Applications of this study: This research can help researchers and English literature students who are interested in the field of ecocriticism and environmental studies. Novelty/Originality of this study: In this research, it is shown that man’s work enables him to be imaginative because of his connection to a particular place. The novel Jayber Crow is a profoundly ecotheological narrative that aims to eliminate the dichotomies between theology and the natural world.
研究目的:温德尔·贝里的小说《鸦鸦》(2000)充满了他对生态学和社会学的关注。本研究旨在从生态批评的角度,特别是从生态学和环境人文的角度分析温德尔·贝里的小说《乌鸦》。研究方法:研究者使用一手数据和二手数据进行描述性分析。主要发现:人与地球的联系是神与人互动的反映。贝瑞贯穿全书的基督教和农业思想表明,提高自我和致力于自然世界是如何相关的。本研究的用途:本研究可以帮助对生态批评和环境研究领域感兴趣的研究人员和英语文学专业的学生。这项研究的新颖性/原创性:在这项研究中,人们的工作使他们具有想象力,因为他们与特定的地方有联系。小说《鸦鸦》是一部深刻的生态神学叙事,旨在消除神学与自然世界之间的二分法。
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引用次数: 0
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