Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.21608/ejars.2023.330911
{"title":"Article 10","authors":"","doi":"10.21608/ejars.2023.330911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejars.2023.330911","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41512,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139188516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.21608/ejars.2023.330901
{"title":"Article 1","authors":"","doi":"10.21608/ejars.2023.330901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejars.2023.330901","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41512,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139191406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.21608/ejars.2023.330905
{"title":"Article 4","authors":"","doi":"10.21608/ejars.2023.330905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejars.2023.330905","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41512,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139190895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.21608/ejars.2023.330915
{"title":"Article 14","authors":"","doi":"10.21608/ejars.2023.330915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejars.2023.330915","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41512,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139192721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.21608/ejars.2023.330914
{"title":"Article 13","authors":"","doi":"10.21608/ejars.2023.330914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejars.2023.330914","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41512,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139195120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.21608/ejars.2023.305185
Manci, A., Sedikk, M.
: This research aims to study the characteristics and technique of mural painting at the tomb of Amenemhat (No. 340), assessment of its current conservation state, moreover select and apply the most suitable materials and methods to conservation. The chara- cterization of the mural paintings in the studied tomb was carried out using different techniques including visual examination , portable USB-Digital microscope; polarizing light microscope; scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive x-ray analysis system (SEM-EDS); x-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). In order to select the optimal materials for consolidation and completion processes, an experimental study was carried out using various methods includ ing visual examination, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and colorimetric measurements. The results indicated that the ancient Egyptian artist used the traditional technique (tempera) which is used inside the rock tombs for preparing the wall paintings at the tomb of Amenemhat (No. 340). The mural paintings in the tomb are suffering from the influence of many indigenous and exogenous deterioration factors. The results of experimental tests demonstrated that the product of Klucel G 1% has high efficiency in the consolidation of the weak painting layer. Also; the product of Bio Estel has high efficiency in the consolidation of fragile mud plaster layers. Moreover, the data clarified that the mortar (1) which consists of 0.5 rough yellow sand, 0.5 fine yellow sand, 3 light mud, 1 heba bowder, 0.5 burned clay , 1 straw, 3 gm Tobsin N and distilled water it’s a suitable for filling gaps and cracks in the mural paintings. Finally, treatment procedures were successfully performed using pre-consolidation, mechanical cleaning, re- adhesion of partly det-ached and flaking layers, consolidation, filling gaps and missing parts and cracks injections.
{"title":"CONSERVATION OF THE MURAL PANTINGS AT THE THEBAN TOMB TT 340 AT DEIR EL- MEDINA NECROPOLIS, WESTERN THEBES, LUXOR, EGYPT","authors":"Manci, A., Sedikk, M.","doi":"10.21608/ejars.2023.305185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejars.2023.305185","url":null,"abstract":": This research aims to study the characteristics and technique of mural painting at the tomb of Amenemhat (No. 340), assessment of its current conservation state, moreover select and apply the most suitable materials and methods to conservation. The chara- cterization of the mural paintings in the studied tomb was carried out using different techniques including visual examination , portable USB-Digital microscope; polarizing light microscope; scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive x-ray analysis system (SEM-EDS); x-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). In order to select the optimal materials for consolidation and completion processes, an experimental study was carried out using various methods includ ing visual examination, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and colorimetric measurements. The results indicated that the ancient Egyptian artist used the traditional technique (tempera) which is used inside the rock tombs for preparing the wall paintings at the tomb of Amenemhat (No. 340). The mural paintings in the tomb are suffering from the influence of many indigenous and exogenous deterioration factors. The results of experimental tests demonstrated that the product of Klucel G 1% has high efficiency in the consolidation of the weak painting layer. Also; the product of Bio Estel has high efficiency in the consolidation of fragile mud plaster layers. Moreover, the data clarified that the mortar (1) which consists of 0.5 rough yellow sand, 0.5 fine yellow sand, 3 light mud, 1 heba bowder, 0.5 burned clay , 1 straw, 3 gm Tobsin N and distilled water it’s a suitable for filling gaps and cracks in the mural paintings. Finally, treatment procedures were successfully performed using pre-consolidation, mechanical cleaning, re- adhesion of partly det-ached and flaking layers, consolidation, filling gaps and missing parts and cracks injections.","PeriodicalId":41512,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49583966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.21608/ejars.2023.305184
Younis, O., El Hadidi, N., D. S., M. M.
: In this research, cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) were prepared with a concentration of 2% through a hydrolysis procedure using conc-entrated sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ). This was followed by the preparation of CNC/Klucel E nanocomposites films with various concentrations (10, 15, 20, 30, 50 %). The obtained films were investigated and evaluated using different techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and tensile strength testing . Based on the results obtained, films with concentrations of 20 and 30 %, which gave the best results, were applied on aged wood specimens in order to study the influence of this nanocomposite on different properties of wood. The influence was studied in terms of mechanical properties, change in chemical composition, and change in physical appearance through tensile tests, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and color change measurements (CIE lab), respectively. The tensile strength of the films was improved after addition of CNC to Klucel E by almost 70% at 30% concentration, and compression strength for wooden samples significantly increased after using the same concentration of the nanocomposite, which reached
{"title":"ENHANCING THE MECHANICAL STRENGTH OF KLUCEL E/CNC COMPOSITES FOR THE CONSERVATION OF WOODEN ARTIFACTS","authors":"Younis, O., El Hadidi, N., D. S., M. M.","doi":"10.21608/ejars.2023.305184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejars.2023.305184","url":null,"abstract":": In this research, cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) were prepared with a concentration of 2% through a hydrolysis procedure using conc-entrated sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ). This was followed by the preparation of CNC/Klucel E nanocomposites films with various concentrations (10, 15, 20, 30, 50 %). The obtained films were investigated and evaluated using different techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and tensile strength testing . Based on the results obtained, films with concentrations of 20 and 30 %, which gave the best results, were applied on aged wood specimens in order to study the influence of this nanocomposite on different properties of wood. The influence was studied in terms of mechanical properties, change in chemical composition, and change in physical appearance through tensile tests, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and color change measurements (CIE lab), respectively. The tensile strength of the films was improved after addition of CNC to Klucel E by almost 70% at 30% concentration, and compression strength for wooden samples significantly increased after using the same concentration of the nanocomposite, which reached","PeriodicalId":41512,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44992682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.21608/ejars.2023.305183
B. I.
: This paper aims to explore the discovery of magical wax figures in the mummy of Tjanefer from the third intermediate era, and the insights obtained through the use of advanced methods such as CT scanning and Gas Chromatographic analysis. Through these methods, researcher has been able to uncover the various techniques used by ancient Egyptian embalmers to mummify bodies, including the use of wax figurines to protect the internal organs of the deceased. Computed Axial Tomography (CT) scan was an essential tool in the non-destructive detection of archaeological findings inside Egyptian mummies, enabling scholars to determine the methods used by embalmers in mummification operations. In this research, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Gas chromatography GC/MAS, and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used in addition to a CT scan to analyze the data related to the function of these figurines and to examine some samples of the materials used in making them. The results of these analyses provided valuable insights into the religious beliefs and funerary practices of ancient Egyptians, particularly with respect to the role of wax figurines in these practices. The examination of the CT scan of Tjanefer's mummy revealed that the mummification process adhered to the traditional Egyptian practice of removing internal organs, embalming them separately, and then returning them to the body cavity. The discovery of four wax statues representing the four sons of Horus within the body cavity suggests that these figurines were believed to have a protective role for the deceased in the afterlife. The analysis of the wax samples revealed that the production of these figurines likely did not require highly skilled craftsmanship. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that the wax sample was impure with resins in a neutral mixture, suggesting that the production was of good quality..
{"title":"AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF MAGICAL WAX FIGURINES FOUND IN THE MUMMY OF TJANEFER FROM THE THIRD INTERMEDIATE ERA USING CT SCANNING AS A NON-DESTRUCTIVE TOOL.","authors":"B. I.","doi":"10.21608/ejars.2023.305183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejars.2023.305183","url":null,"abstract":": This paper aims to explore the discovery of magical wax figures in the mummy of Tjanefer from the third intermediate era, and the insights obtained through the use of advanced methods such as CT scanning and Gas Chromatographic analysis. Through these methods, researcher has been able to uncover the various techniques used by ancient Egyptian embalmers to mummify bodies, including the use of wax figurines to protect the internal organs of the deceased. Computed Axial Tomography (CT) scan was an essential tool in the non-destructive detection of archaeological findings inside Egyptian mummies, enabling scholars to determine the methods used by embalmers in mummification operations. In this research, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Gas chromatography GC/MAS, and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used in addition to a CT scan to analyze the data related to the function of these figurines and to examine some samples of the materials used in making them. The results of these analyses provided valuable insights into the religious beliefs and funerary practices of ancient Egyptians, particularly with respect to the role of wax figurines in these practices. The examination of the CT scan of Tjanefer's mummy revealed that the mummification process adhered to the traditional Egyptian practice of removing internal organs, embalming them separately, and then returning them to the body cavity. The discovery of four wax statues representing the four sons of Horus within the body cavity suggests that these figurines were believed to have a protective role for the deceased in the afterlife. The analysis of the wax samples revealed that the production of these figurines likely did not require highly skilled craftsmanship. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that the wax sample was impure with resins in a neutral mixture, suggesting that the production was of good quality..","PeriodicalId":41512,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42729273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.21608/ejars.2023.305195
Al-Manaser, A., Al-Rawabdeh, N.
: This study aims at presenting newly-found safaitic inscriptions discovered in the Black Desert, north-eastern Jordan by the Badia Epigraphic Survey (BES) during the second (2017) field season at Wādī ar-Ruʿaylah and in Wādī Suwayʿid. Through this paper, we aim to explain the toponyms Glʿd and Ngd in the Safaitic inscriptions, shed light on their interpretation in Safaitic and give translation and some commentary. This paper provides a comparison of inscriptions that mention these two toponyms in order to determine whether those names belong to a toponym or an adjective of a toponym. All photo credits are of „Badia Epigraphic Survey (BES) Project‟ .
本研究旨在介绍巴迪亚铭文调查(BES)在约旦东北部黑沙漠(Wādī ar-Ru al - aylah)和Wādī Suway al - id的第二个(2017年)野外季节发现的新发现的石刻铭文。本文旨在通过对萨法尔文铭文中地名Gl & d和Ngd的解释，阐明其在萨法尔文中的解释，并进行翻译和评注。本文对提及这两个地名的碑文进行了比较，以确定这些地名是属于地名还是属于地名的形容词。所有图片均来自“巴迪亚石碑调查(BES)项目”。
{"title":"GLʿD AND NGD: SOME NEW EPIGRAPHIC HERITAGE FROM THE BLACK DESERT IN NORTH-EASTERN JORDAN","authors":"Al-Manaser, A., Al-Rawabdeh, N.","doi":"10.21608/ejars.2023.305195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejars.2023.305195","url":null,"abstract":": This study aims at presenting newly-found safaitic inscriptions discovered in the Black Desert, north-eastern Jordan by the Badia Epigraphic Survey (BES) during the second (2017) field season at Wādī ar-Ruʿaylah and in Wādī Suwayʿid. Through this paper, we aim to explain the toponyms Glʿd and Ngd in the Safaitic inscriptions, shed light on their interpretation in Safaitic and give translation and some commentary. This paper provides a comparison of inscriptions that mention these two toponyms in order to determine whether those names belong to a toponym or an adjective of a toponym. All photo credits are of „Badia Epigraphic Survey (BES) Project‟ .","PeriodicalId":41512,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43399586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.21608/ejars.2023.305189
Abdelhafez, A.
: This study is a new publication of a rectangular base of the statue of a distinctive group consisting of a falcon and King Thutmose III, kept in the Egyptian museum in Cairo - CGC 1237. The author wil l try using the pedestal to reconstruct a complete picture of the original with a discussion of the dating, and the original site of the statue. These issues will be discussed based on the available inscriptions and archaeological data. Although nothing remains of the statue except for the base bearing the traces of the falcon and the king walking in front of it, this object is a unique model of the falcon Montu. Regarding the function of the statue, the falcon Montu's role towards the king appears through religious books, especially the pyramid texts, which will be reviewed during the study. We will discuss his relationship with the king, as well as the reason for making this statue.
{"title":"THE FALCON GOD MONTU WITH KING THUTMOSE III (CGC 1237)","authors":"Abdelhafez, A.","doi":"10.21608/ejars.2023.305189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejars.2023.305189","url":null,"abstract":": This study is a new publication of a rectangular base of the statue of a distinctive group consisting of a falcon and King Thutmose III, kept in the Egyptian museum in Cairo - CGC 1237. The author wil l try using the pedestal to reconstruct a complete picture of the original with a discussion of the dating, and the original site of the statue. These issues will be discussed based on the available inscriptions and archaeological data. Although nothing remains of the statue except for the base bearing the traces of the falcon and the king walking in front of it, this object is a unique model of the falcon Montu. Regarding the function of the statue, the falcon Montu's role towards the king appears through religious books, especially the pyramid texts, which will be reviewed during the study. We will discuss his relationship with the king, as well as the reason for making this statue.","PeriodicalId":41512,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45205532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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