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2018 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)最新文献

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Modelling and Operating Characteristics of Air-Cored Resonant Induction Machines 空心谐振感应电机的建模与工作特性
Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2018.8557355
M. Iacchetti, R. Deodhar, Alexander C. Smith, K. Mishima
The performance of a high-speed air-cored induction machine (IMs) using capacitors to provide resonant operation is analyzed in this paper. Resonance can be obtained using the stator and rotor capacitors appropriately tuned with the machine inductances, though alternative options may be considered instead of rotor capacitors. The aim is to develop a simple analytical model for air-cored resonant induction machines and to use this to obtain an understanding of the operating principles and the limitations and issues. The analysis is based on the classical IM equivalent circuit supplemented with stator and rotor capacitors and considers different control scenarios to derive key expressions for resonance conditions, capacitor values, peak torque and efficiency and related slip values. The aim of this paper is to provide a full understanding of air-cored resonant IMs to assess the practicality of these machines.
本文分析了采用电容提供谐振工作的高速空芯感应电机的性能。谐振可以使用与机器电感适当调谐的定子和转子电容器获得,尽管可以考虑替代转子电容器。目的是为空心谐振感应电机建立一个简单的分析模型,并利用这个模型来了解其工作原理、局限性和问题。该分析基于经典的IM等效电路,外加定子和转子电容,并考虑不同的控制场景,推导出谐振条件、电容值、峰值转矩和效率以及相关转差值的关键表达式。本文的目的是提供一个全面的了解空心谐振IMs,以评估这些机器的实用性。
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引用次数: 17
Cascaded Transformer Symmetric Single-Phase Converters with Two DC Sources 带两个直流电源的级联变压器对称单相变换器
Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2018.8557934
N. B. de Freitas, C. Jacobina, M. Cunha, J. P. R. A. Méllo
In this paper, three multilevel single-phase converters with two dc sources and two shared legs are proposed and applied as inverters. One configuration has five legs and the other has eight legs. The configurations utilize injection transformers and, when isolation is not required, one transformer can be removed of proposed and conventional configurations. The calculation of the transformers turns ratio that improve the system symmetry is provided. The proposed configurations are compared with cascaded h-bridge and a single-phase shared leg converter with one dc source in terms of several characteristics. Compared with the conventional configurations, the proposed ones have more levels per transformer when the configurations have the same number of legs. The proposed configurations are interesting in terms of semiconductor losses for high voltage and low current applications. Experimental results are shown to demonstrate the feasibility of the system.
本文提出了三个具有两个直流电源和两个共用支路的多电平单相变换器作为逆变器。一种结构有五条腿,另一种有八条腿。该配置使用注入变压器,当不需要隔离时,可以从建议的和传统的配置中移除一个变压器。给出了提高系统对称性的变压器匝比的计算方法。将所提出的结构与级联h桥和单直流源的单相共享支腿变换器在若干特性方面进行了比较。与常规配置相比,在支腿数量相同的情况下,所提出的配置每台变压器具有更多的电平。就高电压和低电流应用的半导体损耗而言,提出的配置是有趣的。实验结果证明了该系统的可行性。
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引用次数: 3
Harmonic Impedance Modeling of DFIG Considering Dead Time Effect of Rotor Side Converter 考虑转子侧变换器死区效应的DFIG谐波阻抗建模
Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2018.8557520
Chao Wu, H. Nian, Qi Zhou, P. Cheng, B. Pang, Dan Sun
This paper proposes a novel harmonic impedance modeling method of doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) considering the dead time effect. The dead time of the rotor side converter (RSC) will induce distorted voltage to the rotor side of DFIG. By obtaining the transfer function from stator voltage and rotor distorted voltage to stator current, the admittance of RSC+DFIG can be deduced. Considering that the harmonic currents caused by the dead time work as a current source, the Norton equivalent circuit of RSC+DFIG can be obtained. In this way, the harmonic currents not only caused by the grid harmonic voltages but also the dead time effect can be both accurately acquired, which is very useful for the harmonic currents analysis for wind farm. Furthermore, the impedance characteristic of RSC+DFIG is also obtained which is useful for harmonic resonance analysis. Finally, the correctness of the equivalent circuit and stator harmonic currents is validated by the simulation results.
提出了一种考虑死区效应的双馈感应发电机谐波阻抗建模方法。转子侧变换器(RSC)的死区时间会对DFIG的转子侧产生畸变电压。通过得到定子电压和转子畸变电压对定子电流的传递函数,可以推导出RSC+DFIG的导纳。考虑死区产生的谐波电流作为电流源,可以得到RSC+DFIG的诺顿等效电路。这样既可以准确地获取电网谐波电压引起的谐波电流,又可以准确地获取死区时间效应,这对风电场谐波电流分析具有重要意义。此外,还得到了RSC+DFIG的阻抗特性,为谐波谐振分析提供了依据。最后,通过仿真结果验证了等效电路和定子谐波电流的正确性。
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引用次数: 1
Loss Distribution among Paralleled GaN HEMTs 并联GaN hemt的损耗分布
Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2018.8557988
Juncheng Lu, Ruoyu Hou, Di Chen
The market and opportunities are growing for GaN HEMTs in high-power applications. In many cases, GaN HEMTs need to be paralleled to increase the power capability or to enhance the efficiency. Unbalanced loss distribution among paralleled switches could cause overtemperature issues potentially, which will result in the derating of the power stage or even cause system failure. An analytical loss model is derived to analyze the tolerance of device characteristics variation for parallel. An auto-balancing mechanism for both switching loss and conduction loss is observed with paralleled GaN HEMTs due to the negative temperature coefficient of transconductance in the whole operating range. Stable operation is expected under all conditions without preselecting GaN HEMTs for parallel. Metal-core PCB based 240A/650V power modules are built with randomly selected GaN HEMTs and tested under high-power conditions. The junction temperatures of paralleled GaN HEMTs are measured to monitor the loss distribution, and the characteristic of GaN HEMTs in parallel is verified.
在大功率应用中,GaN hemt的市场和机会正在增长。在许多情况下,GaN hemt需要并联以增加功率能力或提高效率。并联开关之间的损耗分布不平衡可能会导致潜在的过温问题,从而导致功率级降额,甚至导致系统故障。推导了一种分析损耗模型,用于分析并联时器件特性变化的容限。由于在整个工作范围内的跨导温度系数为负,在并联GaN hemt中观察到开关损耗和导通损耗的自动平衡机制。在没有预先选择GaN hemt并联的情况下,期望在所有条件下稳定运行。基于金属芯PCB的240A/650V电源模块采用随机选择的GaN hemt构建,并在高功率条件下进行了测试。通过测量并联GaN hemt的结温来监测损耗分布,验证了并联GaN hemt的特性。
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引用次数: 15
Remote Power Control Strategy Based on Virtual Flux Approach for the Grid Tied Power Converters 基于虚拟磁链法的并网变流器远程功率控制策略
Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2018.8557661
N. F. Roslan, A. Luna, J. Rocabert, J. I. Candela, P. Rodríguez
The control of active and reactive power for the Renewable Energy Sources (RES) based power plants are very important. The injection of active and reactive power to the grid is normally controlled at the Point of Common Connection (PCC) where this point is typically far away from the power converter station. This paper proposed a controlling principle which is based on virtual flux approach that permits to control remotely the power injected at the PCC. The results will show that the Virtual Flux (VF) estimation is capable to estimate the grid voltage in any point of the network as well as the capability of the control principle to inject the specific amount of active and reactive power at a point that can be some kilometers away. In this paper, the basic principle for the remote power control is presented and the effectiveness of the proposed system has been validated by experimental studies.
可再生能源发电厂的有功和无功功率控制是一个非常重要的问题。向电网注入有功和无功功率通常在公共接力点(PCC)进行控制,该接力点通常远离电力换流站。本文提出了一种基于虚磁通方法的控制原理,实现了对PCC注入功率的远程控制。结果表明,虚拟通量(VF)估计能够估计网络中任何点的电网电压,以及控制原理能够在几公里外的点注入特定数量的有功和无功功率。本文介绍了电力远程控制的基本原理,并通过实验验证了系统的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Minimizing Reactive Current of a High Gain Dual Active Bridge Converter for Supercapacitor Based Energy Storage System Integration 基于超级电容储能系统集成的高增益双有源桥式变换器无功电流最小化
Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2018.8557580
S. Hazra, S. Bhattacharya
In this paper, a control strategy is presented to operate a dual active bridge (DAB) converter at optimal operating point in terms of minimized reactive component of current. To interface a supercapacitor based energy storage system with the dc grid to absorb oscillating energy a DAB can be used. A DAB can provide galvanic isolation and can cater high voltage gain required to integrate a low voltage supercapacitor module with a higher voltage dc-link (voltage ratio more than 5). During operation, the voltage of the supercapacitor varies in wide range due to storage of oscillating energy. Also, during charging of the supercapacitor from zero voltage at the start of the operation and discharging to zero voltage at the end of the operation the voltage ratio varies from $infty$ to 1.0. Due to large deviation of the voltage ratio from unity the reactive power in the DAB is increased. To minimize the reactive power flow an optimization method based on fundamental components is presented in this paper. By reducing the reactive component of the current overall current of the DAB for a fixed power flow is reduced. Experimental results showing implementation of the optimal solution are presented.
本文从电流无功分量最小化的角度出发,提出了一种双有源桥式(DAB)变换器在最佳工作点运行的控制策略。为了将基于超级电容器的储能系统与直流电网连接以吸收振荡能量,可以使用DAB。DAB可以提供电流隔离,并且可以满足将低压超级电容模块与更高电压直流链路(电压比大于5)集成所需的高电压增益。在工作期间,超级电容的电压由于存储振荡能量而在很大范围内变化。此外,在超级电容器从操作开始时的零电压充电到操作结束时的零电压放电期间,电压比在$infty$到1.0之间变化。由于电压比与单位电压比偏差较大,导致DAB无功功率增大。为了使无功潮流最小化,本文提出了一种基于基元的优化方法。通过减少无功分量的电流,DAB的总电流对于一个固定的功率流是减少的。实验结果显示了最优解的实现。
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引用次数: 3
Efficient Calculation of the Strand Eddy Current Loss Distributions in the End Stepped-Stator Region of Large Synchronous Generators 大型同步发电机端部阶梯定子区单链涡流损耗分布的高效计算
Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2018.8558239
Sufei Li, Cheng Gong, J. Mayor, R. Harley, T. Habetler
This paper proposes a computationally efficient method to analyze the eddy current loss of the stator winding strands in the end stator region of large synchronous generators. The stepped shape with increased radii of the stator end packets exposes the stator coils to the intensive radial airgap flux and leads to winding temperature rise due to the resultant eddy currents. In the end region, the profile of the proximity loss induced by the slot leakage flux varies axially due to the variation of the slot configuration. In this paper, a quasi-3D formulation of the generator end region is adopted to account for the impacts of the stepped stator geometries and end fringing effect on the airgap flux. Then, the airgap flux impinging each copper strand is solved based on the conformal mapping method that allows for the slotting effect. Furthermore, a subdomain field model is proposed to predict the cross-slot leakage flux distribution with different slot/coil configurations. The strand eddy current loss density is then estimated based on the magnetic field solved in this region. The method is verified by the agreement between the results generated by the proposed efficient method and the corresponding 3D finite element analyses (FEAs), which are validated by the agreement between their predicted results and the measured temperatures.
本文提出了一种计算效率高的方法来分析大型同步发电机定子端区定子绕组股的涡流损耗。定子端包半径增大的阶梯形使定子线圈暴露在强烈的径向气隙磁通中,并由于产生涡流而导致绕组温度升高。在端区,由于槽型的变化,槽泄漏通量引起的接近损失分布呈轴向变化。为了考虑阶梯式定子几何形状和端部边缘效应对气隙磁通的影响,本文采用了发电机端部区域的准三维公式。然后,根据考虑开槽效应的保角映射法求解了每条铜链上的气隙通量。此外,提出了一种子域场模型来预测不同槽/线圈配置下的槽间漏磁分布。然后,根据在该区域解出的磁场估计出股链涡流损耗密度。该方法的计算结果与相应的三维有限元分析结果吻合,预测结果与实测温度吻合,验证了该方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 6
Utility-Scale PV Inverter Impedances in D-Q Frame Under Different Q-Control Modes 不同q -控制模式下的D-Q框架中公用事业规模的光伏逆变器阻抗
Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2018.8558410
Ye Tang, R. Burgos, Chi Li, D. Boroyevich
Per the latest revision of the IEEE Std 1547, PV inverters will be required to provide reactive power regulation services in the near future. Accordingly, the stability impact of PV inverters in distribution grids attracts more and more attention. Compared to the positive sequence impedance method, the D-Q frame impedance matrix method is more accurate for grid-tied PV inverters that have non-symmetrical control in DQ frame, including DC voltage loop and phase locked loop (PLL). This paper uses the D-Q frame impedances of utility-scale PV farm and the generalized Nyquist Criterion (GNC) to assess the stability in medium voltage distribution grids. A comparison is done for PV farm under different Q control modes. The control mode of volt-var mode changes PV terminal impedance signs and magnitude significantly, and may cause stability problem, as a result of interaction of voltage control of multiple PV inverters in parallel. Hardware experiments show the accuracy of PV impedances from derivation based on small signal model.
根据最新修订的IEEE标准1547,在不久的将来,光伏逆变器将被要求提供无功调节服务。因此,光伏逆变器对配电网稳定性的影响越来越受到人们的关注。相对于正序阻抗法,D-Q帧阻抗矩阵法对于DQ帧非对称控制的并网光伏逆变器,包括直流电压环和锁相环(PLL),更为准确。本文采用公用事业规模光伏电站的D-Q框架阻抗和广义奈奎斯特准则(GNC)对中压配电网的稳定性进行了评价。对不同Q控制模式下的光伏电站进行了比较。电压-无功模式的控制方式会使PV端面阻抗的符号和幅度发生显著变化,并且由于多个PV逆变器并联时电压控制的相互作用,可能会导致稳定性问题。硬件实验证明了基于小信号模型推导的PV阻抗的准确性。
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引用次数: 4
Stabilizing Droop Variation of Converter-Connected Generation in Autonomous Microgrids with Virtual Inertia Control 基于虚拟惯性控制的自治微电网变流器并网发电下垂变化稳定研究
Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2018.8557936
Lalitha Subramanian, H. B Gooi
Droop scheduling plays an important role in the microgrid frequency regulation market, as the well-known proportional load sharing may be practically inapplicable in many cases of inverter-based microgrids. The drooping capability of each inverter unit in the microgrid is determined by the availability and response time of its associated energy storage. However, some renewable energy-based units may be chosen to operate at the maximum power point because of their zero fuel cost. This scenario demands some high capacity units to operate with a high or infinite droop coefficient, thereby restricting their contribution to the frequency regulation. In this work, we examine the influence of this droop variation on the small signal stability of the microgrid using the root locus technique. We then substitute some of the existing droop-controlled units with virtual inertia control at critical nodes to study the effect of coordinated droop and inertia control. Finally, the choice and size of energy storage necessary to emulate a certain level of inertia and droop are compared. The study shows that the stability of the system may be enhanced while saving on the economics of storage requirement if the inertia and droop control act in a coordinated manner.
下垂调度在微网频率调节市场中扮演着重要的角色,众所周知的比例负荷分担可能在基于逆变器的微网的许多情况下实际上并不适用。微电网中各逆变器的下垂能力由其相关储能的可用性和响应时间决定。然而,一些基于可再生能源的装置可以选择在最大功率点运行,因为它们的燃料成本为零。这种情况要求一些高容量的单元以高或无限的下垂系数运行,从而限制了它们对频率调节的贡献。在这项工作中,我们使用根轨迹技术研究了这种下垂变化对微电网小信号稳定性的影响。然后在关键节点用虚拟惯性控制代替现有的下垂控制单元,研究了下垂和惯性协调控制的效果。最后,比较了模拟一定程度的惯性和下垂所需的储能的选择和大小。研究表明,如果惯性控制与下垂控制相协调,可以提高系统的稳定性,同时节省存储需求的经济性。
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引用次数: 3
A Reduced-Order Technique for Stability Investigation of Voltage Source Inverters 电压源逆变器稳定性研究的降阶技术
Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2018.8557517
Aswad Adib, Fariba Fateh, M. Shadmand, B. Mirafzal
This paper presents a second order model for stability analysis of grid-connected voltage source inverters (VSIs). VSIs are commonly modeled as ideal voltage sources for analysis. However, this approach cannot guarantee accuracy since it does not take into consideration the dominant states of the inverter. In this paper, a reduced-order model based on balanced truncation method is derived from a comprehensive twelfth-order model for a grid-connected VSI. The developed second-order model is computationally modest while providing an accurate representation of the system characteristic. The efficacy of the developed model is verified through time-domain simulations and root locus studies of the model eigenvalues against its full-order counterpart.
提出了一种用于并网电压源逆变器稳定性分析的二阶模型。vsi通常被建模为分析的理想电压源。然而,这种方法不能保证精度,因为它没有考虑逆变器的主导状态。本文从并网VSI的12阶综合模型出发,导出了基于平衡截断法的降阶模型。所建立的二阶模型在提供系统特性的精确表示的同时,在计算上是适度的。通过时域仿真和模型特征值相对于其全阶对应的根轨迹研究,验证了所开发模型的有效性。
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引用次数: 5
期刊
2018 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)
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