Abstract The impact of childhood psychological abuse on adult interpersonal conflict was examined among 382 college women. Psychological abuse predicted adult interpersonal conflict above and beyond the effects of parenting behavior (i.e., parental warmth and control). The relationship between psychological abuse and conflict was mediated or partially mediated by three early maladaptive schemas: mistrust/abuse, abandonment, and defectiveness/shame. Paternal warmth had a significant, direct relationship with interpersonal conflict. The association between mistrust/ abuse schemas and interpersonal conflict was partially mediated by three patterns of interpersonal behavior: overly accommodating behavior, social isolation, and domineering/controlling behavior. Of the three patterns, domineering/controlling behavior explained the most variance in adult conflict. Findings provide support for the long-lasting impact of childhood psychological abuse and suggest that effects of psychological abuse persist via early maladaptive schemas.
{"title":"The Impact of Childhood Psychological Abuse on Adult Interpersonal Conflict","authors":"Terri L. Messman-Moore, Aubrey A. Coates","doi":"10.1300/J135v07n02_05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J135v07n02_05","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The impact of childhood psychological abuse on adult interpersonal conflict was examined among 382 college women. Psychological abuse predicted adult interpersonal conflict above and beyond the effects of parenting behavior (i.e., parental warmth and control). The relationship between psychological abuse and conflict was mediated or partially mediated by three early maladaptive schemas: mistrust/abuse, abandonment, and defectiveness/shame. Paternal warmth had a significant, direct relationship with interpersonal conflict. The association between mistrust/ abuse schemas and interpersonal conflict was partially mediated by three patterns of interpersonal behavior: overly accommodating behavior, social isolation, and domineering/controlling behavior. Of the three patterns, domineering/controlling behavior explained the most variance in adult conflict. Findings provide support for the long-lasting impact of childhood psychological abuse and suggest that effects of psychological abuse persist via early maladaptive schemas.","PeriodicalId":415460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emotional Abuse","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129833029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Gibb, Jessica S. Benas, Sarah E. Crossett, Dorothy J. Uhrlass
Abstract Despite evidence that a history of childhood emotional maltreatment is related to the presence of a cognitive vulnerability to depression in adulthood, few studies have examined the relative impact of emotional maltreatment from parents versus verbal victimization from peers. In addition, no study of which we are aware has examined the relative impact of these forms of victimization on the presence of negative versus positive automatic thoughts in adulthood. Given this, we tested the hypothesis that negative and positive automatic thoughts would mediate the link between childhood emotional maltreatment and verbal victimization and young adults' current depressive symptoms. This hypothesis was supported. In addition, both emotional maltreatment and verbal victimization were independently related to the presence of negative automatic thoughts and both were significantly more strongly related to levels of negative thoughts than positive thoughts.
{"title":"Emotional Maltreatment and Verbal Victimization in Childhood","authors":"B. Gibb, Jessica S. Benas, Sarah E. Crossett, Dorothy J. Uhrlass","doi":"10.1300/J135v07n02_04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J135v07n02_04","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Despite evidence that a history of childhood emotional maltreatment is related to the presence of a cognitive vulnerability to depression in adulthood, few studies have examined the relative impact of emotional maltreatment from parents versus verbal victimization from peers. In addition, no study of which we are aware has examined the relative impact of these forms of victimization on the presence of negative versus positive automatic thoughts in adulthood. Given this, we tested the hypothesis that negative and positive automatic thoughts would mediate the link between childhood emotional maltreatment and verbal victimization and young adults' current depressive symptoms. This hypothesis was supported. In addition, both emotional maltreatment and verbal victimization were independently related to the presence of negative automatic thoughts and both were significantly more strongly related to levels of negative thoughts than positive thoughts.","PeriodicalId":415460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emotional Abuse","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134516231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-12-01DOI: 10.1080/10926798.2007.10766835
Gary P. Cournoyer, Clarissa M. Uttley
SUMMARY Cisco's Kids is an intervention program designed to address behavioral and social difficulties of incarcerated youth at the Rhode Island Training School. Incorporating principles of Professional Pet Assisted Therapy (PPAT), the first author developed the program based around working with his chocolate Labrador retriever, Cisco. This article details the design, goals, and results of the program over a period of two and one-half years. During this time, over 50 students ages 13–18 participated in the Cisco's Kids program. This program has collected qualitative data over the course of its existence, which provides support that this program has a positive effect on the participants. Authors also discuss a brief history of Pet Assisted Therapy (PAT) and the future of the Cisco's Kids program as well as a newly developed college-level course in PAT.
{"title":"Cisco's Kids: A Pet Assisted Therapy Behavioral Intervention Program","authors":"Gary P. Cournoyer, Clarissa M. Uttley","doi":"10.1080/10926798.2007.10766835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10926798.2007.10766835","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Cisco's Kids is an intervention program designed to address behavioral and social difficulties of incarcerated youth at the Rhode Island Training School. Incorporating principles of Professional Pet Assisted Therapy (PPAT), the first author developed the program based around working with his chocolate Labrador retriever, Cisco. This article details the design, goals, and results of the program over a period of two and one-half years. During this time, over 50 students ages 13–18 participated in the Cisco's Kids program. This program has collected qualitative data over the course of its existence, which provides support that this program has a positive effect on the participants. Authors also discuss a brief history of Pet Assisted Therapy (PAT) and the future of the Cisco's Kids program as well as a newly developed college-level course in PAT.","PeriodicalId":415460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emotional Abuse","volume":"7 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113937726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-12-01DOI: 10.1080/10926798.2007.10766834
M. L. Randour
SUMMARY Noting the established link between animal abuse and family violence, this paper outlines the implications for policy and professional standards. Federal policies related to the collection of crime statistics by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, as well as the collection by federal agencies of data on family violence, including domestic abuse and child abuse and neglect, are cited and proposals for including questions about animal cruelty into these federal databases are offered. Various types of state legislation, such as cross reporting and increased penalties for individuals who commit violence in the presence of minors, are described, and the implications for the link between animal abuse and family violence are discussed. Finally, the important area of professional standards–how the mental health profession sets and maintains standards for education and training–is reviewed and suggestions for the inclusion of animal cruelty as an important component for assessment and treatment are proposed.
{"title":"Integrating Animals into the Family Violence Paradigm: Implications for Policy and Professional Standards","authors":"M. L. Randour","doi":"10.1080/10926798.2007.10766834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10926798.2007.10766834","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Noting the established link between animal abuse and family violence, this paper outlines the implications for policy and professional standards. Federal policies related to the collection of crime statistics by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, as well as the collection by federal agencies of data on family violence, including domestic abuse and child abuse and neglect, are cited and proposals for including questions about animal cruelty into these federal databases are offered. Various types of state legislation, such as cross reporting and increased penalties for individuals who commit violence in the presence of minors, are described, and the implications for the link between animal abuse and family violence are discussed. Finally, the important area of professional standards–how the mental health profession sets and maintains standards for education and training–is reviewed and suggestions for the inclusion of animal cruelty as an important component for assessment and treatment are proposed.","PeriodicalId":415460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emotional Abuse","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130812286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-12-01DOI: 10.1080/10926798.2007.10766829
M. Loring, Janessa Marsh, R. Geffner
SUMMARY The present collection of articles attempts to shrink the literature gap that currently exists in the areas of animal abuse and its relation to family violence. This introductory chapter outlines the historical issues of animal cruelty, based specifically on an interview with Frank Ascione, a pioneer in exploring the issue of abuse of animals and the reasons for its occurrence. Definitions of animal maltreatment, ramifications of its commission, and future directions for research and practice are discussed. A detailed outline for the present volume is also provided, painting a clear picture of the need for this and future books on the issues.
{"title":"Introduction: Animal Abuse and Family Violence","authors":"M. Loring, Janessa Marsh, R. Geffner","doi":"10.1080/10926798.2007.10766829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10926798.2007.10766829","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY The present collection of articles attempts to shrink the literature gap that currently exists in the areas of animal abuse and its relation to family violence. This introductory chapter outlines the historical issues of animal cruelty, based specifically on an interview with Frank Ascione, a pioneer in exploring the issue of abuse of animals and the reasons for its occurrence. Definitions of animal maltreatment, ramifications of its commission, and future directions for research and practice are discussed. A detailed outline for the present volume is also provided, painting a clear picture of the need for this and future books on the issues.","PeriodicalId":415460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emotional Abuse","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126236959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-12-01DOI: 10.1080/10926798.2007.10766831
Karen D. Schaefer
SUMMARY Research indicates that various types of childhood abuse occurring in violent families (e.g., physical or emotional abuse) do not happen in isolation. Clients often describe experiencing multiple forms of maltreatment in childhood, and research indicates an increased severity of symptoms with each added form of abuse. Regardless of the kinds of abuse perpetrated against them, clients report similar short- and long-term effects. It is proposed that witnessing, being threatened with, or forced to commit animal abuse constitutes an important form of abuse. Similar to the impact of other forms of abuse, comparable short- and long-term effects could exist for both the human and nonhuman survivors of animal abuse. Recommendations for addressing the trauma of animal abuse are offered.
{"title":"Cruelty to Animals and the Short- and Long-Term Impact on Victims","authors":"Karen D. Schaefer","doi":"10.1080/10926798.2007.10766831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10926798.2007.10766831","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Research indicates that various types of childhood abuse occurring in violent families (e.g., physical or emotional abuse) do not happen in isolation. Clients often describe experiencing multiple forms of maltreatment in childhood, and research indicates an increased severity of symptoms with each added form of abuse. Regardless of the kinds of abuse perpetrated against them, clients report similar short- and long-term effects. It is proposed that witnessing, being threatened with, or forced to commit animal abuse constitutes an important form of abuse. Similar to the impact of other forms of abuse, comparable short- and long-term effects could exist for both the human and nonhuman survivors of animal abuse. Recommendations for addressing the trauma of animal abuse are offered.","PeriodicalId":415460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emotional Abuse","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115277748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-12-01DOI: 10.1080/10926798.2007.10766830
J. Onyskiw
SUMMARY Family violence remains a prevalent social problem crossing racial, geographic, social, and economic boundaries (World Health Organization, 2002). Different forms of family violence often exist in the same households. In the 1980s, researchers observed a connection between acts of animal cruelty and family violence. Since then other researchers have corroborated their findings. Despite these articles appearing in the scholarly literature, there has been relatively little attention given to this issue in mainstream literature on family violence and little evidence that this information has been used to inform prevention or intervention efforts. This article summarizes the empirical evidence on the link between family violence and cruelty to family pets and discusses the implications of these connections for professionals who work with women, children, families, or animals.
{"title":"The Link Between Family Violence and Cruelty to Family Pets","authors":"J. Onyskiw","doi":"10.1080/10926798.2007.10766830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10926798.2007.10766830","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Family violence remains a prevalent social problem crossing racial, geographic, social, and economic boundaries (World Health Organization, 2002). Different forms of family violence often exist in the same households. In the 1980s, researchers observed a connection between acts of animal cruelty and family violence. Since then other researchers have corroborated their findings. Despite these articles appearing in the scholarly literature, there has been relatively little attention given to this issue in mainstream literature on family violence and little evidence that this information has been used to inform prevention or intervention efforts. This article summarizes the empirical evidence on the link between family violence and cruelty to family pets and discusses the implications of these connections for professionals who work with women, children, families, or animals.","PeriodicalId":415460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emotional Abuse","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121661129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-12-01DOI: 10.1080/10926798.2007.10766832
C. Faver, Alonzo M. Cavazos
SUMMARY Previous research indicates that batterers often threaten or harm pets in order to intimidate and control their female partners. Most of this research, however, has been limited to samples comprised primarily of non-Hispanic women. To address this gap, this paper reports findings from a survey of 151 pet-owning women (74% Hispanic) who sought help from two South Texas domestic violence programs near the U.S.-Mexico border. Thirty-six percent of the women reported that their batterers had threatened, harmed, or killed their pets; 35% reported that they worried about the safety of their pets while they were in the abusive relationship; and 20.5% reported that concern for the safety of their pets affected their decision about seeking shelter. The findings indicate that pet abuse is a component of intimate partner violence (IPV) in Hispanic as well as non-Hispanic families.
{"title":"Animal Abuse and Domestic Violence: A View from the Border","authors":"C. Faver, Alonzo M. Cavazos","doi":"10.1080/10926798.2007.10766832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10926798.2007.10766832","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Previous research indicates that batterers often threaten or harm pets in order to intimidate and control their female partners. Most of this research, however, has been limited to samples comprised primarily of non-Hispanic women. To address this gap, this paper reports findings from a survey of 151 pet-owning women (74% Hispanic) who sought help from two South Texas domestic violence programs near the U.S.-Mexico border. Thirty-six percent of the women reported that their batterers had threatened, harmed, or killed their pets; 35% reported that they worried about the safety of their pets while they were in the abusive relationship; and 20.5% reported that concern for the safety of their pets affected their decision about seeking shelter. The findings indicate that pet abuse is a component of intimate partner violence (IPV) in Hispanic as well as non-Hispanic families.","PeriodicalId":415460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emotional Abuse","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122967422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-12-01DOI: 10.1080/10926798.2007.10766833
Mary Montminy-Danna
SUMMARY Twenty-two percent of the child welfare workers surveyed indicated they have been assigned child maltreatment cases where there is a subsequent disclosure of animal cruelty. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used to understand how the issue of animal cruelty is addressed within the child welfare system. At present there is no standard protocol for inquiring about and addressing the issue of animal cruelty. Some workers have expanded their assessment protocol to include questions about experiences with animal cruelty. Perpetrators include boys, girls, relatives, and caregivers. Challenges for the child welfare system on all system levels are addressed.
{"title":"Child Welfare and Animal Cruelty: A Survey of Child Welfare Workers","authors":"Mary Montminy-Danna","doi":"10.1080/10926798.2007.10766833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10926798.2007.10766833","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Twenty-two percent of the child welfare workers surveyed indicated they have been assigned child maltreatment cases where there is a subsequent disclosure of animal cruelty. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used to understand how the issue of animal cruelty is addressed within the child welfare system. At present there is no standard protocol for inquiring about and addressing the issue of animal cruelty. Some workers have expanded their assessment protocol to include questions about experiences with animal cruelty. Perpetrators include boys, girls, relatives, and caregivers. Challenges for the child welfare system on all system levels are addressed.","PeriodicalId":415460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emotional Abuse","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116655254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This study evaluated the effects of an incident of workplace violence on a group of employees over a 10-year period of time. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used to document the long-term effects of the trauma and the effectiveness of interventions provided. Results indicated that some employees suffered from long-term symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Many interventions were rated as helpful by employees; however, a small but significant subgroup of employees found debriefings and initial family support groups to be unhelpful. Other prolonged effects of the trauma included all pregnant employees suffering miscarriages, long-term loss of interest in sexual intimacy, and long-term triggers or reactions to reminders of the trauma.
{"title":"A 10-Year Clinical Case Study to an Incident of Workplace Violence","authors":"Angelea Panos, P. Panos, Patty Dulle","doi":"10.1300/J135v04n03_03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J135v04n03_03","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study evaluated the effects of an incident of workplace violence on a group of employees over a 10-year period of time. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used to document the long-term effects of the trauma and the effectiveness of interventions provided. Results indicated that some employees suffered from long-term symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Many interventions were rated as helpful by employees; however, a small but significant subgroup of employees found debriefings and initial family support groups to be unhelpful. Other prolonged effects of the trauma included all pregnant employees suffering miscarriages, long-term loss of interest in sexual intimacy, and long-term triggers or reactions to reminders of the trauma.","PeriodicalId":415460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emotional Abuse","volume":"13 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116929851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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