Pub Date : 2008-05-28DOI: 10.1080/10926790801986031
Kristen Kracke, E. Cohen
ABSTRACT The Safe Start Initiative promotes community investment in evidence-based strategies for preventing and reducing children's exposure to violence in the home and the community. This article describes the implementation of practice innovation in 26 communities across the United States and provides information on the national research, evaluation, training, and technical assistance, resource development, and broad dissemination components of the initiative. Evaluation of the initiative is expanding the knowledge of the elements needed to implement comprehensive service delivery systems and improve access to, delivery of, and quality of services both for children at high risk of being exposed to violence and for those who have already been exposed.
{"title":"The Safe Start Initiative: Building and Disseminating Knowledge to Support Children Exposed to Violence","authors":"Kristen Kracke, E. Cohen","doi":"10.1080/10926790801986031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10926790801986031","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Safe Start Initiative promotes community investment in evidence-based strategies for preventing and reducing children's exposure to violence in the home and the community. This article describes the implementation of practice innovation in 26 communities across the United States and provides information on the national research, evaluation, training, and technical assistance, resource development, and broad dissemination components of the initiative. Evaluation of the initiative is expanding the knowledge of the elements needed to implement comprehensive service delivery systems and improve access to, delivery of, and quality of services both for children at high risk of being exposed to violence and for those who have already been exposed.","PeriodicalId":415460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emotional Abuse","volume":"138 40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122634794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-05-28DOI: 10.1080/10926790801984523
S. Suzuki, R. Geffner, S. Bucky
ABSTRACT Research indicates a large percentage of children exposed to intimate partner violence (IPV) experience psychological, social, cognitive, behavioral, and physical problems. These deficits can have overwhelming long-term problems for children. Although there is some evidence of the intergenerational cycle of violence, not all children exposed to IPV encounter abuse in their adult relationships. This study qualitatively explored the protective factors or resiliencies that contribute to adaptive outcomes of adults exposed to IPV as children. Ten major and five minor themes emerged from this analysis. These themes were organized into internal factors/individual characteristics, family factors, and external factors. Implications for practice are also discussed.
{"title":"The Experiences of Adults Exposed to Intimate Partner Violence as Children: An Exploratory Qualitative Study of Resilience and Protective Factors","authors":"S. Suzuki, R. Geffner, S. Bucky","doi":"10.1080/10926790801984523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10926790801984523","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Research indicates a large percentage of children exposed to intimate partner violence (IPV) experience psychological, social, cognitive, behavioral, and physical problems. These deficits can have overwhelming long-term problems for children. Although there is some evidence of the intergenerational cycle of violence, not all children exposed to IPV encounter abuse in their adult relationships. This study qualitatively explored the protective factors or resiliencies that contribute to adaptive outcomes of adults exposed to IPV as children. Ten major and five minor themes emerged from this analysis. These themes were organized into internal factors/individual characteristics, family factors, and external factors. Implications for practice are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":415460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emotional Abuse","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123267161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-05-28DOI: 10.1080/10926790801986205
Samuel Y. Song, Karen C. Stoiber
ABSTRACT The purpose of this article is to advance the field of children exposed to violence by proposing an agenda for evidence-based school bullying prevention and intervention research and practice. It is argued that school bullying is a complex ecological problem that requires an innovative model to address it effectively. By critically reviewing the research literature, the real bullying problem is explained, a protective peer ecology framework of bullying prevention and intervention is presented, and an evidence-based practice model of bullying intervention is detailed.
{"title":"Children Exposed to Violence at School: An Evidence-based Intervention Agenda for the “Real” Bullying Problem","authors":"Samuel Y. Song, Karen C. Stoiber","doi":"10.1080/10926790801986205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10926790801986205","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The purpose of this article is to advance the field of children exposed to violence by proposing an agenda for evidence-based school bullying prevention and intervention research and practice. It is argued that school bullying is a complex ecological problem that requires an innovative model to address it effectively. By critically reviewing the research literature, the real bullying problem is explained, a protective peer ecology framework of bullying prevention and intervention is presented, and an evidence-based practice model of bullying intervention is detailed.","PeriodicalId":415460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emotional Abuse","volume":"474 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129921642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-05-28DOI: 10.1080/10926790801984507
Steve M. Stride, R. Geffner, A. Lincoln
ABSTRACT This study compared the physiological functioning and trauma symptoms of a sample of adult college students who were exposed to intimate partner violence (IPV) as children to a sample physically or sexually abused as children and a sample with no history of abuse. Heart rates, levels of salivary cortisol, and trauma symptoms were measured before a stressor, during a stressor, and after relaxation following the stressor. Repeated measures analysis of variance indicated that there was a strong relationship between childhood exposure to IPV and the development of diagnosable post-traumatic stress symptoms in adulthood. Those exposed to IPV as children also exhibited increased heart rates. Implications for practice and intervention are discussed.
{"title":"The Physiological and Traumatic Effects of Childhood Exposure to Intimate Partner Violence","authors":"Steve M. Stride, R. Geffner, A. Lincoln","doi":"10.1080/10926790801984507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10926790801984507","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study compared the physiological functioning and trauma symptoms of a sample of adult college students who were exposed to intimate partner violence (IPV) as children to a sample physically or sexually abused as children and a sample with no history of abuse. Heart rates, levels of salivary cortisol, and trauma symptoms were measured before a stressor, during a stressor, and after relaxation following the stressor. Repeated measures analysis of variance indicated that there was a strong relationship between childhood exposure to IPV and the development of diagnosable post-traumatic stress symptoms in adulthood. Those exposed to IPV as children also exhibited increased heart rates. Implications for practice and intervention are discussed.","PeriodicalId":415460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emotional Abuse","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133061932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-05-28DOI: 10.1080/10926790801982436
A. Gewirtz, Amanuel Medhanie
ABSTRACT There is a dearth of research about event details in children's exposure to adult intimate partner violence (IPV). This article reports data gathered from 507 families (including 1012 children) who called 911 for an IPV incident. A majority of children were present in the home at the time of the violent event, with older children more likely to be directly involved in the violence and to witness incidents with weapons. In order to assess the relationship between exposure to violence and subsequent short-term adjustment, data were analyzed for a subsample of children in 66 families. A combination of acute and chronic risk variables (proximity to the violence and prior trauma history) significantly predicted child functioning within days of the traumatic event.
{"title":"Proximity and Risk in Children's Witnessing of Intimate Partner Violence Incidents","authors":"A. Gewirtz, Amanuel Medhanie","doi":"10.1080/10926790801982436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10926790801982436","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT There is a dearth of research about event details in children's exposure to adult intimate partner violence (IPV). This article reports data gathered from 507 families (including 1012 children) who called 911 for an IPV incident. A majority of children were present in the home at the time of the violent event, with older children more likely to be directly involved in the violence and to witness incidents with weapons. In order to assess the relationship between exposure to violence and subsequent short-term adjustment, data were analyzed for a subsample of children in 66 families. A combination of acute and chronic risk variables (proximity to the violence and prior trauma history) significantly predicted child functioning within days of the traumatic event.","PeriodicalId":415460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emotional Abuse","volume":"149 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130305013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-05-28DOI: 10.1080/10926790801982394
Kristen Kracke, Hilary Hahn
ABSTRACT This article examines the existing literature on the incidence and prevalence of childhood exposure to violence (CEV) and discusses its limits in offering practitioners, researchers, and policymakers a comprehensive picture of the problem. A concise presentation of the scope of CEV within each violence type is provided with the intention of offering practitioners a tool for easily contextualizing and supporting a broader conceptual view of CEV in the implementation of a research and practice agenda. The challenges to obtaining comprehensive incidence and prevalence data are then explored. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not represent official positions or policies of the Department of Justice.
{"title":"The Nature and Extent of Childhood Exposure to Violence: What We Know, Why We Don't Know More, and Why It Matters","authors":"Kristen Kracke, Hilary Hahn","doi":"10.1080/10926790801982394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10926790801982394","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article examines the existing literature on the incidence and prevalence of childhood exposure to violence (CEV) and discusses its limits in offering practitioners, researchers, and policymakers a comprehensive picture of the problem. A concise presentation of the scope of CEV within each violence type is provided with the intention of offering practitioners a tool for easily contextualizing and supporting a broader conceptual view of CEV in the implementation of a research and practice agenda. The challenges to obtaining comprehensive incidence and prevalence data are then explored. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not represent official positions or policies of the Department of Justice.","PeriodicalId":415460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emotional Abuse","volume":"318 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115639691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-05-28DOI: 10.1080/10926790801982352
R. Geffner, Dawn Griffin, James Lewis
ABSTRACT Children's exposure to violence has been identified as a mental health, social, and public health problem. However, this issue has not reached national priority status or received major funding for prevention and intervention programs. This article summarizes the conclusions and recommendations of a Think Tank that was conducted in Fall 2006 by the Institute on Violence, Abuse, and Trauma at Alliant International University, with the help and support of the National Center for Children Exposed to Violence and the U.S. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. This article describes and explains the gaps and needs that were identified and the recommendations that were made from the Think Tank, and also introduces the articles in this special volume.
{"title":"Children Exposed to Violence: An Often Neglected Social, Mental Health, and Public Health Problem","authors":"R. Geffner, Dawn Griffin, James Lewis","doi":"10.1080/10926790801982352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10926790801982352","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Children's exposure to violence has been identified as a mental health, social, and public health problem. However, this issue has not reached national priority status or received major funding for prevention and intervention programs. This article summarizes the conclusions and recommendations of a Think Tank that was conducted in Fall 2006 by the Institute on Violence, Abuse, and Trauma at Alliant International University, with the help and support of the National Center for Children Exposed to Violence and the U.S. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. This article describes and explains the gaps and needs that were identified and the recommendations that were made from the Think Tank, and also introduces the articles in this special volume.","PeriodicalId":415460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emotional Abuse","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125859117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to investigate athletes' experiences of emotional abuse. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 retired, elite, female swimmers and data were analyzed inductively using a grounded theory approach. Results revealed that the athletes experienced emotional abuse in the coach-athlete relationship and that these experiences varied across an athlete's career. The same emotionally abusive behaviours were experienced differently at various stages of an athlete's career. Furthermore, an athlete's affective response to emotional abuse was dependent on the athlete's perceived performance and cultural acquiescence, as reflected in the phases of normalization and rebellion. A model of the process by which athletes experience emotional abuse over time is proposed. Implications of these findings are discussed and recommendations are made for future study.
{"title":"Elite Female Swimmers' Experiences of Emotional Abuse Across Time","authors":"A. Stirling, G. Kerr","doi":"10.1300/J135v07n04_05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J135v07n04_05","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to investigate athletes' experiences of emotional abuse. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 retired, elite, female swimmers and data were analyzed inductively using a grounded theory approach. Results revealed that the athletes experienced emotional abuse in the coach-athlete relationship and that these experiences varied across an athlete's career. The same emotionally abusive behaviours were experienced differently at various stages of an athlete's career. Furthermore, an athlete's affective response to emotional abuse was dependent on the athlete's perceived performance and cultural acquiescence, as reflected in the phases of normalization and rebellion. A model of the process by which athletes experience emotional abuse over time is proposed. Implications of these findings are discussed and recommendations are made for future study.","PeriodicalId":415460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emotional Abuse","volume":"49 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120901328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Polansky, N. Scull, A. Villanueva, Peta Ikambana
ABSTRACT Adolescent boys with behavioral problems commonly have disturbances in their relationships with women and girls. Previous studies suggest that the causes include conflicts with their mothers and separations from them during childhood. Vignettes about relationships between adolescent boys and mothers and other women/girls were used to study how these adolescents view personal relationships with females. Twenty-seven boys in an urban publicly funded extended day treatment program depicted relationships with women and girls as conflict ridden. With probing, many of the boys became aware that if a boy feels angry with his mother, he may take it out on another woman or girl. The use of vignettes enabled these adolescent boys to reflect on their relationships with girls and women.
{"title":"Adolescent Boys in an Extended Day Treatment Program for Behavior Problems and Their Reflections About Relationships with Women and Girls","authors":"M. Polansky, N. Scull, A. Villanueva, Peta Ikambana","doi":"10.1300/J135v07n04_01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J135v07n04_01","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Adolescent boys with behavioral problems commonly have disturbances in their relationships with women and girls. Previous studies suggest that the causes include conflicts with their mothers and separations from them during childhood. Vignettes about relationships between adolescent boys and mothers and other women/girls were used to study how these adolescents view personal relationships with females. Twenty-seven boys in an urban publicly funded extended day treatment program depicted relationships with women and girls as conflict ridden. With probing, many of the boys became aware that if a boy feels angry with his mother, he may take it out on another woman or girl. The use of vignettes enabled these adolescent boys to reflect on their relationships with girls and women.","PeriodicalId":415460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emotional Abuse","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122228057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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