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O MEIO CONSTRUÍDO E AS CIDADES NA OBRA DE JANE JACOBS 简·雅各布作品中的建筑环境与城市
Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-04-14 DOI: 10.26895/geosaberes.v11i0.826
Edilson Luis De Oliveira
Este artigo pretende colocar em evidência a perspectiva teórica, analítica e ética sobre cidades contemporâneas contida na obra de Jane Jacobs. Particularmente no que se refere à relação entre meio construído das cidades e vitalidade urbana, com destaque para os aspectos político e econômico ligados ao meio construído. Para essa tarefa estabelece-se um diálogo com a obra de Jane Jacobs a partir de dois livros: Morte e Vida de Grandes Cidades cuja primeira edição data de 1961, The Economy of Cities publicado em 1969. Outros dois livros figuram no texto como elementos de corroboração de algumas contextualizações sobre a autora: The Systems of Survival de 1992 e seu último livro, Dark Age Ahead de 2005. Pretende-se analisar possíveis contribuições e perspectivas presentes na obra da autora acerca do papel ativo do meio construído das cidades na conformação de alternativas e formas de luta por uma vida com um mínimo de dignidade do ponto de vista material.
本文旨在突出简·雅各布斯作品中关于当代城市的理论、分析和伦理视角。特别是关于城市建筑环境与城市活力之间的关系,强调与建筑环境相关的政治和经济方面。为了完成这项任务,我们从1961年第一版的《大城市的死亡与生活》和1969年出版的《城市经济》两本书中建立了与简·雅各布斯作品的对话。另外两本书出现在文本中,以证实作者的一些背景:1992年的《生存系统》和2005年的最后一本书《黑暗时代》。它的目的是分析在作者的作品中可能的贡献和观点,关于城市环境的积极作用,在塑造替代和形式的斗争,以最低的尊严的生活在物质的观点。
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引用次数: 0
EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL NO PROCESSO DE GESTÃO DE RISCOS DE DESASTRES 灾害风险管理过程中的环境教育
Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-04-12 DOI: 10.26895/geosaberes.v11i0.798
J. Ribeiro, Rafaela Vieira, Jéssica Marciélly de Novaes
Na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Itajaí/SC (BHRI) são frequentes os desastres de grande magnitude, dentre eles os ocorridos em 1983/84 e 2008. A pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar a contribuição da Educação Ambiental (EA) para Gestão de Riscos de Desastres (GRD) em municípios da BHRI, sendo do tipo descritiva e explicativa, de caráter quali-quantitativo. Pauta-se no método de abordagem sistêmico e utiliza técnicas de documentação direta (pesquisa em campo) e indireta (pesquisa documental e bibliográfica). Os resultados obtidos foram: (1) identificação de estratégias inovadoras nacionais e internacionais que utilizam Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) em ações de EA para GRD; (2) análise crítica dos objetos e estratégias utilizados nas ações de EA para GRD na BHRI; (3) indicação de estratégias inovadoras que incorporem TICs e que potencializam as ações de EA implementadas na BHRI.
在Itajaí河流域/SC(BHRI),经常发生规模巨大的灾害,其中发生在1983/84年和2008年。本研究旨在分析环境教育(EA)对BHRI市灾害风险管理(GRD)的贡献,包括描述性和解释性、定性和定量。它以系统方法为基础,使用直接文献(实地研究)和间接文献(文献和书目研究)技术。所获得的结果是:(1)确定了在GRD的EE行动中使用信息和通信技术的创新性国家和国际战略;(2) 对BHRI GRD EA行动中使用的目标和策略进行批判性分析;(3) 表明了纳入信息和通信技术并加强BHRI实施的环境影响行动的创新战略。
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引用次数: 0
EVALUATING GEOCHEMISTRY OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS IN COPPER DEPOSIT OF AGHBOLAGH, NORTH OF OSHNAVIEH, WEST AZARBAIJAN PROVINCE-IRAN 伊朗西部azarbaijan省oshnavieh北部aghbolagh铜矿稀土元素地球化学评价
Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-04-10 DOI: 10.26895/geosaberes.v11i0.959
Kamal Dana, N. Nezafati, M. Abedini
AghBolagh region is located in southwest of West Azarbaijan Province that is 10 km far from north of Oshnavieh. Most of the rocky outcrops in the region include Cambrian deposits (carbonate deposits and clastic deposits (sandstone and shale)). These deposits were later influenced and altered by granite Intrusion. The Intrusion is made of granite and in term of nature, it is magmatic with High-potassium calc-alkaline and peralumin. Also the penetration of intrusion and Ore maker solvent in further distances from the contact point and inside the sequences of sandstone has formed quartzite rocks and ore bearing veins of cooper. The REE pattern normalized to Chondrite for granite, skarn, and marble intrusion and vein deposits shows the fact that, although the REEs pattern is a little smooth and unified, LREEs have more enrichment compared to HREEs in different lithology. The range of normalized numbers to Chondrite in AghBolagh deposit is clearly variable (2.58 to 141.93 for La and 0.14 to 27.27 for Yb). This indicates that there have been clear differences in increase and decrease of LREEs and HREEs during the formation of AghBolagh deposit stones and rocks. The La / Y ratio shows the pH condition of the environment for formation of deposit. This ratio in AghBolagh deposit ranges from 0.09 to 2.26. The granite intrusion shows the most amount of La/Y which is equal to 2. Skarn Zone (Endoskarn and Exoskarn and Ore in Exoskarn) shows two different conditions. The first condition: the part in which LA/Y>1, and this can be observed in samples near the intrusion and Skarn ore is also found in this range. The second condition: the part that La/Y<1, which is near to marble lithology. Also, about vein deposit, the sample is ore making in alkaline conditions, and other samples show acidic conditions. To evaluate the segregation coefficient between REEs, different ratios of REEs including (La/Yb) n ', (La/Sm) n, and (Gd/Yb) n are used. The values of these ratios range from (0.42 to 50.56) for (La/Yb) n; and from (0.25 to 80.125) for (La/Sm) n’; (from 0.006 to 48.8) for (Gd/Yb) n. The highest segregation was between LREEs and HREEs (more than 125) and the least segregation was between MREEs and HREEs during the Skarn process.
AghBolagh地区位于西Azarbaijan省的西南部,距离Oshnavieh北部10公里。露头岩石主要为寒武纪(碳酸盐岩)和碎屑岩(砂岩和页岩)。这些矿床后来受到花岗岩侵入的影响和蚀变。岩体由花岗岩组成,性质为高钾钙碱性、过铝质岩浆。侵入岩和造矿溶剂在离接触点更远的地方和砂岩层序内部的渗透,形成了石英岩和含铜矿脉。花岗岩、矽卡岩、大理岩侵入体和脉状矿床的稀土模式归一化到球粒陨石上,表明尽管稀土模式较为光滑统一,但在不同岩性下,轻稀土比重稀土富集程度更高。AghBolagh矿床球粒陨石归一化数值的变化范围明显(La为2.58 ~ 141.93,Yb为0.14 ~ 27.27)。这表明在AghBolagh矿床岩石和岩石形成过程中,lree和hree的增减存在明显差异。La / Y比值反映了矿床形成环境的pH条件。AghBolagh矿床的比值为0.09 ~ 2.26。花岗岩岩体的La/Y比值最大,为2。矽卡岩带(内矽卡岩、外矽卡岩和外矽卡岩中的矿石)表现出两种不同的条件。第一个条件是LA/Y>1的部分,这在靠近侵入岩的样品中可以观察到,矽卡岩矿也在这个范围内。第二种情况:La/Y<1的部分,接近大理岩岩性。此外,关于脉状矿床,样品是在碱性条件下造矿,而其他样品则是在酸性条件下造矿。为了评估稀土元素之间的偏析系数,使用了不同比例的稀土元素,包括(La/Yb) n '、(La/Sm) n和(Gd/Yb) n。(La/Yb) n的比值范围为(0.42 ~ 50.56);(La/Sm) n′为(0.25 ~ 80.125);(Gd/Yb) n在0.006 ~ 48.8之间)。在矽卡岩过程中,lree和hree之间的偏析程度最高(大于125),mree和hree之间的偏析程度最低。
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引用次数: 1
A PECUÁRIA GOIANA VISTA PELA JANELA DE UM SIG 从地理信息系统的窗户看到的GOIAN渔业
Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-04-10 DOI: 10.26895/geosaberes.v11i0.819
Vanessa Cristina Lopes, F. Miziara, L. G. Ferreira
Agile and accurate livestock data production is a growing demand in public and private sectors. Therefore, geoprocessing techniques gain strength in the management of livestock production processes. Looking in a superficial way for a GIS, this can be compared to a simple database, however, by the addition of the spatial component, it becomes a system much more powerful than a simple database. The GIS importance is in its ability to multiply the conceptions of space revealing other paths to be traced by thought. This work aims, through a scenario about the Goiás livestock dynamics, from a spatialization of the livestock data produced by IBGE from 1974 to 2017, to present the potential of a GIS to study patterns in a given temporal and spatial cutout. In this context, the GIS presents itself as an efficient tool in providing an agile knowledge about space.
灵活准确的牲畜数据制作是公共和私营部门日益增长的需求。因此,地质处理技术在畜牧生产过程的管理中获得了优势。从表面上看,GIS可以比作一个简单的数据库,然而,通过添加空间组件,它将成为一个比简单数据库强大得多的系统。地理信息系统的重要性在于它能够使空间概念成倍增加,从而揭示出其他需要思考的路径。这项工作的目的是,通过一个关于戈亚斯牲畜动态的场景,从1974年至2017年IBGE产生的牲畜数据的空间化,展示GIS在给定的时间和空间剪切中研究模式的潜力。在这种情况下,地理信息系统是一种提供灵活空间知识的有效工具。
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引用次数: 0
THE SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC FRAMEWORK OF ARTISANAL FISHING IN THE STATE OF CEARÁ, BRAZIL 巴西cearÁ州手工捕鱼的社会和经济框架
Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-04-08 DOI: 10.26895/geosaberes.v11i0.871
L. S. B. Queiroz, S. Rossi, Aida Tapia Mercander, Camila Serra‐Pompei, David Vide Pifarre, Joan Carrasco Domínguez, Júlia Amorós Monrabà, J. Carol, M. B. Martínez, A. J. A. Meireles
Traditional communities situated in mangrove forests near the coast have developed a way of life based on ecosystem services associated with various uses and activities (firewood extraction, artisanal fishing, crab and clam harvesting, etc.). The importance of food security and sovereignty is frequently mentioned in the context of small-scale fishing but has seldom been articulated as an explicit objective. The present work identifies a knowledge gap concerning the profits generated by artisanal exploitation, which are not recorded in official statistics. We compiled economic data from Cumbe and Curral Velho, in the state of Ceará (Brazil), using a combination of techniques (tracking tables, interviews, zoning and questionnaires). Fishermen typically work up to 5 hours a day for 4.6 days a week, working 23 hours/week, and earning € 127.20/week or € 5.53€/hour of work. It is concluded that the artisanal fishing carried out by coastal communities is not only economically viable but competes directly with industrial monocultures in terms of monetary income and workers’ leisure time.
位于海岸附近红树林中的传统社区已经发展出一种基于与各种用途和活动(木柴开采、手工捕鱼、螃蟹和蛤蜊捕捞等)相关的生态系统服务的生活方式。粮食安全和主权的重要性在小规模捕鱼中经常被提及,但很少被明确表述为客观的目前的工作确定了关于手工开采产生的利润的知识差距,官方统计数据中没有记录这一差距。我们使用多种技术(跟踪表、访谈、分区和问卷调查)汇编了塞阿拉州Cumbe和Curral Velho的经济数据。渔民通常每周工作4.6天,每天工作5小时,每周工作23小时,每周收入127.20欧元或5.53欧元。结论是,沿海社区进行的手工捕鱼不仅在经济上可行,而且在货币收入和工人休闲时间方面与工业单一种植直接竞争。
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引用次数: 3
POTENCIAL EDUCATIVO DEL PATRIMONIO GEOLÓGICO: ESTUDIO SOBRE EL GEOSITIO SÍTIO DO BOSCO
Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-02-25 DOI: 10.26895/geosaberes.v11i0.870
Suedio Alves Meira, María Teresa Echeverría Arnedo, Marcos Antonio Leite do Nascimento, E. Silva
The field of geodiversity is stablished as a paradigm in Geosciences. Its studies of environmental studies aim to translate the geological knowledge to a daily language. In this context, the present study discuss the didactic potential role for the geological heritage in fulfilling this purpose by the means of the study of the Sitio do Bosco Geosite, Tianguá, Brazil. The MEIRA, S. A.; ARNEDO, M. T. E.; NASCIMENTO, M. A. L.; SILVA, E. V. POTENCIAL EDUCATIVO DEL PATRIMONIO GEOLÓGICO: ESTUDIO SOBRE EL GEOSITIO SÍTIO DO BOSCO Geosaberes, Fortaleza, v. 11, p. 162-179, 2020. 163 methodology starts from the theoretical discussion about the main concepts that compose the Geodiversity and Geoconservation theme. The analysis emphasize that the Sítio do Bosco Geosite present high educational potential and may be used in educational practices of different levels. We conclude that understanding the geological heritage by its educational potential consists in one of the main and more viable geoconservation strategies.
地质多样性领域被确立为地球科学的一个范例。它的环境研究旨在将地质知识转化为日常语言。在此背景下,本研究通过对巴西天古 Sitio do Bosco地质遗址的研究,讨论了地质遗产在实现这一目标方面的潜在教学作用。美国MEIRA;阿涅多先生;纳西门托文学硕士;席尔瓦,E. V.潜在的教育资源资源GEOLÓGICO: ESTUDIO SOBRE EL GEOSITIO SÍTIO DO BOSCO geosberes,福塔莱萨,V. 11, p 162-179, 2020。163方法论从对构成地质多样性和地质保护主题的主要概念的理论讨论开始。分析强调Sítio do Bosco Geosite具有较高的教育潜力,可用于不同层次的教育实践。我们的结论是,通过教育潜力来理解地质遗产是主要和更可行的地质保护策略之一。
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引用次数: 0
PROPOSTA DE METODOLOGIA PARA DETERMINAÇÃO DA ARRECADAÇÃO POTENCIAL DO IMPOSTO TERRITORIAL RURAL EM MUNICÍPIOS PARANAENSES 确定帕拉纳市农村地区税收潜在调整的方法建议
Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-02-25 DOI: 10.26895/geosaberes.v11i0.874
Lineu Erlei D'Agostin, Anderson Catapan
A arrecadacao brasileira de tributo sobre a propriedade rural tem sido muito criticada por sua baixa efetividade quanto a sua funcao fiscal, bem como sua missao extrafiscal de combate a latifundios improdutivos. Entre os fatores comumente apontados que contribuem para a evasao na arrecadacao, destaca-se a caracteristica autodeclaratoria do tributo. Nesse sentido, a aliquota tributaria e formada a partir das informacoes prestadas pelos contribuintes, fato associado a fragil fiscalizacao. Dessa maneira, surge a necessidade de definir parâmetros e fornecer informacoes qualificadas para que o processo fiscalizatorio se torne mais efetivo. Assim, esta pesquisa busca propor uma metodologia que permita estimar a arrecadacao potencial do Imposto Territorial Rural (ITR) pelos municipios, com base no cruzamento de informacoes extraidas de levantamentos efetuados por entidades oficiais. Para atender ao objetivo proposto, foram realizados cruzamentos das informacoes disponiveis em banco de dados oficiais do Instituto Nacional de Colonizacao e Reforma Agraria (INCRA), do Cadastro Ambiental Rural (CAR), da Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria (Embrapa), do Departamento de Economia Rural da Secretaria de Estado da Agricultura e Abastecimento (SEAB) e do Imageamento Orbital realizado pelo Sentinel. Os resultados obtidos apontam a possibilidade de obter informacoes consistentes sobre os cadastros rurais, por meio da elaboracao de uma base de dados que permita ao municipio gerar os parâmetros necessarios para o calculo do potencial de arrecadacao do ITR possibilitando, assim, a confrontacao com os dados fornecidos pelos contribuintes de forma autodeclaratoria. A aplicacao da metodologia proposta confere aos gestores responsaveis pela arrecadacao condicoes de fiscalizar efetivamente a arrecadacao do tributo, de modo que este possa atender a sua funcao fiscal e extrafiscal.
巴西对农村财产的征税因其财政职能效率低下以及打击非生产性土地所有者的财政外使命而受到广泛批评。在人们普遍指出的导致收藏逃避的因素中,贡品的自我声明特征尤为突出。从这个意义上说,税收等分是由纳税人提供的信息形成的,这一事实与监管不力有关。因此,需要定义参数并提供合格的信息,以便检查过程变得更加有效。因此,本研究试图提出一种方法,根据从官方实体进行的调查中提取的信息交叉,估计市政当局可能征收的农村地区税。为实现拟议目标,将国家殖民和土地改革研究所、农村环境登记处、巴西木麻黄研究公司、国家殖民和农业改革研究所的官方数据库中的信息进行交叉。农业和供应国务秘书农村经济部(SEAB)和哨兵进行的轨道成像。所获得的结果表明,通过建立一个数据库,使市政当局能够生成计算ITR收入潜力的必要参数,从而能够以自我声明的方式与纳税人提供的数据进行对抗,从而有可能获得关于农村登记册的一致信息。拟议方法的应用使负责征收条件的管理人员能够有效监督税收的征收,使其能够履行财政和财政外职能。
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引用次数: 0
INCREASING THE QUALITY OF RURAL ENVIRONMENT WITH EMPHASIS ON GOOD GOVERNANCE FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF RESIDENTS OF VILLAGES OF THE CENTRAL PART IN ARDABIL, IRAN 从伊朗阿达比勒中部村庄居民的角度来看,提高农村环境质量,强调善治
Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-02-22 DOI: 10.26895/geosaberes.v11i0.929
B. Imani, M. Rahmati
INCREASING THE QUALITY OF RURAL ENVIRONMENT WITH EMPHASIS ON GOOD GOVERNANCE FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF RESIDENTS OF VILLAGES OF THE CENTRAL PART IN ARDABIL, IRAN AMPLIANDO A QUALIDADE DO AMBIENTE RURAL COM ÊNFASE NA BOA GOVERNANÇA DO PONTO DE VISTA DOS MORADORES DAS ALDEIAS DA PARTE CENTRAL DE ARDABIL, IRÃ AMPLIANDO LA CALIDAD DEL MEDIO RURAL CON ÉNFASIS EN EL BUEN GOBIERNO DESDE EL PUNTO DE VISTA DE LOS RESIDENTES DE LAS ALDEAS DE LA PARTE CENTRAL EN ARDABIL, IRÁN
从Ardabil中部村庄居民的角度提高农村环境质量,强调善政,伊朗将农村环境质量扩大到Comënfase na Boa Governanca do Ponto de Vista两名居民das Aldeas da Ardabil中部,伊朗将从伊朗Ardabil中部村庄居民的角度,以善政为重点,提高农村环境质量
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引用次数: 0
APOSENTADORIA RURAL ESPECIAL: MELHORIA NAS CONDIÇÕES DE VIDA DOS BENEFICIÁRIOS NO MUNICÍPIO DE NOVA TEBAS - PR 特别农村退休:改善新底比斯市受益人的生活条件
Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-02-18 DOI: 10.26895/geosaberes.v11i0.777
C. Chies, Liandra Lourenço
The research aimed to investigate the scope of special rural retirement to improve the living conditions of retirees and their families in the municipality of Nova Tebas PR, evaluating it as a mechanism for boosting local commerce. The research problems were: a) Does rural retirement promote improvements in living conditions? b) What are the main characteristics of retirees? c) Is rural retirement a factor in boosting the local economy and trade? As a methodology we adopted the survey and analysis of qualitative and quantitative data. Thus, we found some characteristics of most retirees: strong rootedness in the territory, owners of small areas of land, with little or no schooling. We found that 94.4% consider that there were positive changes in their life after retirement. We conclude that the benefit is essential for the dignity of elderly farmers, and it is essential to guarantee access.
该研究旨在调查农村特殊退休的范围,以改善新特巴斯市退休人员及其家庭的生活条件,并将其评估为促进当地商业的一种机制。研究问题是:a)农村退休是否有助于改善生活条件?b) 退休人员的主要特点是什么?c) 农村退休是促进当地经济和贸易的一个因素吗?作为一种方法,我们采用了对定性和定量数据的调查和分析。因此,我们发现了大多数退休人员的一些特点:扎根于领土,拥有小块土地,很少或根本没有受过教育。我们发现94.4%的人认为他们退休后的生活发生了积极的变化。我们得出的结论是,这项福利对老年农民的尊严至关重要,保障他们获得福利也至关重要。
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引用次数: 1
O LIXÃO DE CUIABÁ E A GERAÇÃO DE IMPACTOS SOCIOAMBIENTAIS CUIABÁLIXãO DE CUIABá与社会环境影响的产生
Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-01-11 DOI: 10.26895/geosaberes.v11i0.778
Nielli Layane Dias Ribeiro, Sílvia Fernanda Cantóia
Os impactos socioambientais provocados pelo consumismo, e o descarte, muitas vezes inadequado, dos resíduos sólidos, são grandes desafios na sociedade. A partir dessa problemática, este artigo tem como objetivo, identificar os impactos socioambientais decorrentes da disposição inadequada destes resíduos no município de Cuiabá - MT. A pesquisa fundamenta-se no referencial bibliográfico para discutir a temática resíduos sólidos, tendo como destaque o conceito das terminologias: consumo e consumismo, lixo e resíduo e as formas de tratamento e disposição dos resíduos. Para a identificação das problemáticas, foram realizados trabalhos de campo no lixão e aplicação do questionário de IQR (Índice de Qualidade de Aterro de Resíduos). Constatou-se que a disposição incorreta dos resíduos, sem o tratamento adequado, tem provocado a contaminação do solo e da água. Outro agravante, destaca-se pela presença irregular dos catadores de materiais recicláveis, que se encontram em condições vulneráveis, expostos ao perigo de contaminações, riscos de acidentes, entre outros males.
消费主义造成的社会环境影响,以及固体废物处理不当,是社会面临的主要挑战。基于这个问题,本文旨在确定Cuiabá-MT市对这种废物处理不当所造成的社会环境影响。废物和废物以及废物的处理和处置形式。为了找出问题,在垃圾场进行了实地调查,并应用了IQR问卷(垃圾填埋场质量指数)。人们发现,未经适当处理,对废物的不当处理造成了土壤和水的污染。另一个加重处罚的因素是不定期出现可回收的拾荒者,他们处于脆弱的条件下,面临污染的危险、事故风险以及其他危害。
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引用次数: 0
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