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Konec pandemije in sadizem normalizacije
4区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.3986/fv.42.3.11
Tadej Troha
Prispevek obravnava strukturno dinamiko pandemije covid-19 in jo opredeli kot bistveno končno krizo. Ta definicija pa ne implicira abstraktne nujnosti, da se pandemija v nekem trenutku konča, temveč prej dejstvo, da je ideja konca določila celoten potek pandemije. Od samega začetka je ta ideja nastopila v dveh nasprotujočih si oblikah: v prvi perspektivi je pandemijo končati le z eliminacijo vira vdora; v drugi perspektivi konec pandemije označuje trenutek, ko družba najde način, da se na ta vdor prilagodi. Poleg analize »objektivne« evolucije pandemije v njenih različnih fazah članek prikaže inherentno sadistično strukturo prevladujočega družbenega odziva. Prav ker je ta odziv meril na dosego nemogoče totalne normalizacije, je pripravil teren, kjer pandemije potencialno mutira v pristno krizo antropocena, endemijo pandemije.
文章讨论了新冠肺炎大流行的结构性动态,并将其定义为一场重大的最终危机。这一定义并不意味着大流行在某个时候结束的抽象必要性,而是一个事实,即结束的想法决定了大流行的整个过程。从一开始,这种想法就以两种相反的形式出现:从第一个角度来看,结束疫情只是通过消除入侵的源头;从另一个角度来看,新冠疫情的结束标志着社会找到了适应这种入侵的方法。除了分析疫情在各个阶段的“客观”演变外,文章还介绍了流行社会反应的固有虐待狂结构。正是因为这种应对措施衡量了不可能实现的完全正常化,他准备了一个流行病可能变异为真正的人类世危机、地方性流行病的领域。
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引用次数: 0
Temporality in Badiou’s Ontology and Greater Logic 巴迪欧本体论中的时间性与大逻辑
4区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.3986/fv.42.1.01
M. Ličer
In his ontology, Badiou operates with historical situations that are identified as situations whose representation regime is prone to change. Similarly, his Greater Logic operates with changes and modifications of the transcendental related to a change in a particular world determined by its transcendental. In both ontology and logic, Badiou often loosely relates the occurrence of change to temporality, but the operative concept of temporality remains unclear. The paper aims to provide a concept of temporality, borrowed from physics, and which seems consistent with Badiou’s system of thought and helps in comprehending it. We use this concept of time, which explicitly links disorder and temporality (or lack of temporality) in an attempt to elucidate certain parts of Badiou’s ontology and logic.
在巴迪欧的本体论中,历史情境被认为是表征机制容易变化的情境。同样地,他的大逻辑与先验的变化和修改有关,这与由其先验决定的特定世界的变化有关。在本体论和逻辑学中,巴迪欧经常将变化的发生与时间性松散地联系起来,但时间性的操作概念仍然不清楚。本文旨在提供一个借用物理学的暂时性概念,这个概念似乎与巴迪欧的思想体系相一致,有助于理解巴迪欧的思想体系。我们使用这种将无序与时间性(或时间性缺失)明确联系起来的时间概念,试图阐明巴迪欧的本体论和逻辑的某些部分。
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引用次数: 0
Capital, Logic of the World 资本,世界的逻辑
4区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.3986/fv.42.2.08
Nick Nesbitt
Despite his longstanding silence regarding Marx’s Capital, I wish here to argue that Badiou has in fact, in the three volumes of Being and Event, produced the materials for a contemporary logic of the capitalist social form. He has done so, however, in the form of an arsenal of abstract concepts that have yet to be precisely measured against Marx’s critical and formal reproduction of capitalism, the systematic exposition of which consumes the three volumes of Capital. I first argue that Badiou’s general disinterest in the logic of capitalism and Marx’s Capital specifically takes on a strongly symptomatic, spectral presence in the 1994-1995 seminar Lacan: Anti-philosophy 3. Secondly, while it is true that Badiou’s Logics of Worlds never discusses the logic of appearance that governs all capitalist things (i.e. commodities), it is possible nonetheless to read Logics as an abstract translation and formalisation of Marx’s Capital. In this view, Capital should quite simply be read as a systematic demonstration of the logic of what Marx calls the capitalist social form, which is to say, in Badiou’s jargon, the logic or science of the appearance of things in the capitalist world. In a sense, then, this means nothing more, though nothing less, than subjecting the Logics of Worlds to a Marxian torsion: in order to demonstrate that which Badiou has neglected, Marx has in fact already accomplished (with his own specific formal, conceptual, and discursive means), i.e. the systematic, synthetic demonstration of the necessary forms of the appearance of commodities in the capitalist social form.
尽管巴迪欧长期以来对马克思的《资本论》保持沉默,但我想在这里指出,巴迪欧在《存在与事件》的三卷本中,实际上为资本主义社会形式的当代逻辑提供了材料。然而,他以一堆抽象概念的形式做到了这一点,这些概念尚未与马克思对资本主义的批判和正式再生产进行精确衡量,对资本主义的系统阐述消耗了《资本论》的三卷。我首先认为巴迪欧对资本主义逻辑和马克思《资本论》的普遍不感兴趣,在1994-1995年的研讨会《拉康:反哲学3》中特别表现出强烈的症状,幽灵般的存在。其次,巴迪欧的《世界逻辑》确实从未讨论过支配所有资本主义事物(即商品)的表象逻辑,但仍有可能将《逻辑学》解读为马克思《资本论》的抽象翻译和形式化。在这种观点下,《资本论》应该被简单地解读为马克思所谓的资本主义社会形式的逻辑的系统论证,用巴迪欧的行话来说,就是资本主义世界中事物表象的逻辑或科学。因此,从某种意义上说,这仅仅意味着对《世界逻辑》进行马克思主义的扭曲:为了证明巴迪欧所忽略的东西,马克思实际上已经完成了(用他自己特定的形式、概念和话语的手段),即系统地、综合地论证了资本主义社会形式中商品表现的必要形式。
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引用次数: 0
The Dialectic of Formalization 形式化的辩证法
4区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.3986/fv.42.1.02
Magdalena Germek
This article discusses the philosophy of Alain Badiou from the perspective of a formulation that we believe represents it succinctly: the dialectic of formalization. The main thesis of the article is that Badiou’s doctrine of the four truth procedures (politics, science, love, and art) can be understood as a doctrine of a dialectical realization of new and universal forms in the world. The dialectic of formalization announces a double procedure – an autonomous and creative procedure for the production of a new true form in the world and a process of the formation of continuity in discontinuity. Moreover, the dialectic of formalization represents a connection between Badiou’s mature work and his early writings from the late 1960s. Even though in the 1960s and 1970s Badiou had not yet introduced the concepts of subject and truth in the sense that he understands them today, it is possible to support the thesis that there is an indisputable connection between Badiou’s early concept of formalization and his later concept of generic truth procedure. We will try to show that the dialectic of formalization (Badiou’s own formulation) designates the continuity between Badiou’s early and mature work.
本文从一个我们认为简洁地表达了阿兰·巴迪乌哲学的公式的角度来讨论他的哲学:形式化的辩证法。文章的主要论点是,巴迪乌的“政治、科学、爱情、艺术”四真学说可以理解为辩证认识世界上新的普遍形式的学说。形式化的辩证法揭示了一个双重过程——一个在世界上产生新的真实形式的自主和创造性过程,以及一个在不连续中形成连续性的过程。此外,形式化的辩证法代表了巴迪乌成熟的作品与他20世纪60年代末早期作品之间的联系。尽管在20世纪60年代和70年代,Badiou还没有引入他今天理解的主体和真理的概念,但有可能支持这样一种论点,即Badiou早期的形式化概念和他后来的一般真理程序概念之间存在着无可争辩的联系。我们将试图证明形式化的辩证法(Badiou自己的表述)指定了Badiou早期和成熟作品之间的连续性。
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引用次数: 1
Introduction: The World According to Contemporary Philosophy 引言:《当代哲学的世界
4区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.3986/fv.42.2.01
Rok Benčin
Introduction
介绍
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引用次数: 1
Towards Biopolitics beyond Life and Death: The Virus, Life, and Death 走向超越生与死的生物政治:病毒、生与死
4区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.3986/fv.42.1.09
Toni Čerkez, Martin Gramc
By engaging with Giorgio Agamben’s article on the Italian government’s measures during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, we argue that COVID-19 points to the limits of the classical biopolitical and thanatopolitical logics of analysis and therefore requires a new conceptual framework. The outbreak of COVID-19 is an example of zoonotic globalisation in which the human species as a biological and geological actor is merely one among many other species that influence biological and geological processes on Earth, thus challenging humanist conceptualisations of politics. Here, the human role in politics is decentralised by thinking the virus as one of the actors that exert influence on how the political sphere is governed. We argue that the virus is the epitome of the ungovernable – an entity or broadly a historical challenge that cannot be subjected to existing mode(s) of governing – due to its interstitial and borderline character, resting between the ontological roots of the dominant modes of governing bios (life) and geos (nonlife), and challenging them by merely existing. We draw upon the works of Ghassan Hage, Nils Bubandt, Elizabeth Povinelli, and Donna Haraway to interrogate the limits of biopolitics and diagnose theoretical conundrums stemming from the division of nature vs. culture and life vs. nonlife entrenched in the existing social-political paradigms. Rather than providing finite answers about the role of the virus as a non-human actor in the political sphere, we raise questions as to how and why it should matter.
通过引用乔治·阿甘本关于意大利政府在第一波新冠肺炎大流行期间采取的措施的文章,我们认为新冠肺炎指出了经典生物政治和乙醇政治分析逻辑的局限性,因此需要一个新的概念框架。新冠肺炎的爆发是人畜共患病全球化的一个例子,在这种全球化中,作为生物和地质行为者的人类只是影响地球生物和地质过程的许多其他物种之一,从而挑战了人道主义的政治概念。在这里,人类在政治中的角色是分散的,因为它认为病毒是影响政治领域治理方式的行动者之一。我们认为,该病毒是不可治理的缩影——一个实体或广义上是一个历史挑战,不能受制于现有的治理模式——因为它具有间隙性和边界性,位于治理生物(生命)和地质(非生命)的主导模式的本体论根源之间,并通过仅仅存在来挑战它们。我们借鉴加桑·哈格(Ghassan Hage)、尼尔斯·布班特(Nils Bubandt)、伊丽莎白·波维尼利(Elizabeth Povinelli)和唐娜·哈拉韦(Donna Haraway。我们没有就病毒作为非人类行为者在政治领域的作用提供有限的答案,而是提出了它应该如何以及为什么重要的问题。
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引用次数: 0
The Anatomy of the World 世界解剖
4区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.3986/fv.42.2.07
Magdalena Germek
In this article, we discuss Badiou’s concept of the world through the somewhat unusual metaphor of “the anatomy of the world”. The anatomy of the world allows us to approach the concept of the world through the idea of ​​its constitution, architecture, structure – its anatomy. But as we show in the first part of the text, in order to derive the anatomy of the world, we need a corpse of the world – the world must die. Following the philosophy of Alain Badiou, we demonstrate that the world in its objective existence is indifferent to the question of life and death. Whether the world lives or dies depends only on the realisation of the truth procedures in the world on the basis of which the world is subjectivised. The world suffers from mortifying impulses, as the reactive and obscure forms of subjectivity actively work against the realisation of truths in the world. Through the artistic presentations of anatomy by Rembrandt van Rijn and John Donne, we also elaborate the tense relationship between the corpse of the world (from the perspective of the scientific procedure of truth) and the life of the world (from the perspective of the artistic procedure of truth). Although art often sees science as something that kills the world, our final point is that the world can also come to life through science.
在这篇文章中,我们通过“世界的解剖”这个不太寻常的比喻来讨论巴迪欧的世界概念。世界的解剖使我们能够通过世界的构造、建筑、结构——它的解剖——来接近世界的概念。但正如我们在课文的第一部分所展示的,为了推导出世界的解剖结构,我们需要一具世界的尸体——世界必须死亡。按照阿兰·巴迪欧的哲学,我们证明了客观存在的世界对生死问题是漠不关心的。世界是生是死,只取决于世界中真理程序的实现,世界在此基础上被主体化。由于主体性的被动的和模糊的形式积极地反对世界上真理的实现,世界遭受了屈辱的冲动。通过伦勃朗和约翰·多恩对解剖学的艺术呈现,我们也阐述了世界的尸体(从科学的真理程序的角度)和世界的生命(从艺术的真理程序的角度)之间的紧张关系。虽然艺术经常把科学看作是杀死世界的东西,但我们最后的观点是,世界也可以通过科学来获得生命。
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引用次数: 0
Politika perverzije: rasizirana razlika in skupno dobro 变态政策:种族主义差异与共同利益
4区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.3986/fv.42.3.10
Andreja Zevnik
Ko so v Bristolu junija 2020 protirasistični protestniki prevrnili kip Edwarda Colstona, so politične elite vzdolž celotnega političnega spektra levo-desno, kljub pripoznanju, da kip trgovca s sužnji ne sme imeti svojega mesta v sodobni politiki, pozvale k odločni uveljavitvi zakona in reda. Članek skozi primer Colstonovega kipa raziskuje, kaj nam lahko Lacanova ideja perverzije razkrije glede razmerja moči med političnimi elitami in protirasističnimi protestniki. Uvodoma razpravlja o nemožnosti etike v kontekstu političnega, nato pa se posveti vprašanju užitka in njegove vloge pri ustvarjanju rasiziranega drugega in političnih institucij (ter mitov o belski nadvladi). Če je užitek drugega tisto, kar drugega rasizira kot deviantnega, pa je užitek perverzneža razosebljen užitek, ki  naj bi sledil »višjemu dobru«. Na ta način članek trdi, da perverzija razkriva logiko rasnih hierarhij, ki podpirajo in ohranjajo sodobne družbe.
2020年6月,当爱德华·科尔斯顿的雕像在布里斯托尔被反种族主义抗议者推翻时,尽管承认奴隶贩子的雕像在现代政治中不能占有一席之地,但整个政治派别的政治精英,无论是左右,都呼吁坚决执行法律和秩序。通过科尔斯顿雕像的例子,文章探讨了拉康的变态思想可以向我们揭示政治精英与反种族主义抗议者之间的权力关系。他首先讨论了道德在政治背景下的不可能性,然后重点讨论了快乐问题及其在创建种族主义其他和政治制度(以及白人至上主义神话)中的作用。如果另一个人的快乐是将另一个人种族化为离经叛道的东西,那么变态的快乐就是一种分散的快乐,应该遵循“更高的善”。通过这种方式,文章认为,变态揭示了支持和维护现代社会的种族等级制度的逻辑。
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引用次数: 0
World? Which World? On Some Pitfalls of a Concept 世界?哪个世界?论概念的一些缺陷
4区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.3986/fv.42.2.03
Peter Klepec
“The world” as a concept necessarily involves many difficulties and contradictions. The text presents some of them in a rather circular way, underlining the fact that we are always confronted with the dilemma of what to do with the world, or rather, what, which, and whose world we are dealing with. Beginning with some arguments about the claim that “the world is (out there),” and then moving on to certain dilemmas related to some views on the two-world theory, one inevitably comes across Marx’s thesis that the ultimate goal in relation to the world should be to “change it”. The text also presents some contemporary views thereon of Badiou, Nancy, and Ruda. Taking into account all these arguments and adding insights from Freud, Husserl, Heidegger, and Adorno as to the world and one’s worldview, we can only agree with Badiou’s statement about the only true goal of philosophy: “Philosophy has no other legitimate aim except to help find the new names that will bring into existence the unknown world that is only waiting for us because we are waiting for it.”
“世界”这个概念必然包含许多困难和矛盾。文章以一种相当循环的方式呈现了其中的一些,强调了这样一个事实,即我们总是面临着如何对待这个世界的困境,或者更确切地说,我们正在面对的是什么,是什么,谁的世界。从一些关于“世界是(在那里)”的主张的争论开始,然后转向与两个世界理论的某些观点相关的某些困境,人们不可避免地遇到马克思的论点,即与世界有关的最终目标应该是“改变它”。文中还介绍了巴迪欧、南希和鲁达的一些当代观点。考虑到所有这些论点,加上弗洛伊德、胡塞尔、海德格尔和阿多诺对世界和个人世界观的见解,我们只能同意巴迪欧关于哲学唯一真正目标的陈述:“哲学没有其他合法的目标,除了帮助找到新的名字,这些新名字将使未知的世界存在,这个世界只在等待我们,因为我们在等待它。”
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引用次数: 0
The End of Life Is Not the Worst: On Heidegger’s Notion of the World 生命的终结并不是最糟糕的:海德格尔的世界观念
4区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.3986/fv.42.2.06
Jan Voelker
The article proposes to reconsider the late Heidegger’s examination of the concept of the world, as for Heidegger the eradication of all life on planet earth is not the most horrible thing that could happen. It is the impossibility of thinking the world that exposes us to something worse: the loss of our link with being. Following Heidegger, to think the world is not only necessary to prevent the extinction of life on earth, but, moreover, the loss of thinking the world lies at the beginning of the crisis we are living through.
本文建议重新思考海德格尔晚期对世界概念的审视,因为对于海德格尔来说,地球上所有生命的消灭并不是最可怕的事情。思考这个世界的不可能性让我们面对更糟糕的事情:失去与存在的联系。按照海德格尔的观点,思考世界不仅是防止地球上生命灭绝的必要条件,而且,在我们所经历的危机开始时,就失去了对世界的思考。
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引用次数: 0
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