Abstract Based on previous studies and detailed excavations, this paper makes restorations for some parts of horse chariots unearthed at Majiayuan Cemetery of the Warring-States Period in Zhangjiachuan County, Gansu Province, and explores the manufacturing skills and assembling methods of these chariots and their parts and fittings. Moreover, this paper also analyzes oxcarts unearthed at the same cemetery and discusses their adaptation and modification to the horse chariots and their influences on the development of ox-drawn vehicles in later periods.
{"title":"The restoration of the chariots of the Warring-States Period in Majiayuan, Gansu (continued) – the designing and making skills of chariots and modifying and designing ideas of oxcarts","authors":"Wucheng Zhao","doi":"10.1515/char-2019-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/char-2019-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Based on previous studies and detailed excavations, this paper makes restorations for some parts of horse chariots unearthed at Majiayuan Cemetery of the Warring-States Period in Zhangjiachuan County, Gansu Province, and explores the manufacturing skills and assembling methods of these chariots and their parts and fittings. Moreover, this paper also analyzes oxcarts unearthed at the same cemetery and discusses their adaptation and modification to the horse chariots and their influences on the development of ox-drawn vehicles in later periods.","PeriodicalId":41590,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Archaeology","volume":"19 1","pages":"169 - 181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/char-2019-0013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48339835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fuquanshan Site is a central settlement site of the Liangzhu Culture. The 2010 excavation in the Wujiachang locality of Fuquanshan Site was productive. The relatively small excavation area of 231sqm yielded six burials, 14 ash pits, three ash ditches, and one water well. Four of the burials were dated to the Liangzhu Age. The Liangzhu grave goods assemblage was exceptionally rich. It comprised more than 400 artifacts that included sumptuous objects of jade cong-tubes, jade bi-discs, jade yue-battle axes, ivory scepters, etc. Their presence suggested that M204 and M207 were elite burials. The complete removal of feature M207 from the field allowed meticulous excavation of the burial in the convenience of laboratory environment, as well as the immediate preservation of the uncovered cultural relics. The deposition indicated that Wujiachang was an artificial mound cemetery of the elites of the Liangzhu Culture.
{"title":"The excavation of the Wujiachang Cemetery in Fuquanshan Site, Shanghai in 2010","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/char-2018-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/char-2018-0007","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Fuquanshan Site is a central settlement site of the Liangzhu Culture. The 2010 excavation in the Wujiachang locality of Fuquanshan Site was productive. The relatively small excavation area of 231sqm yielded six burials, 14 ash pits, three ash ditches, and one water well. Four of the burials were dated to the Liangzhu Age. The Liangzhu grave goods assemblage was exceptionally rich. It comprised more than 400 artifacts that included sumptuous objects of jade cong-tubes, jade bi-discs, jade yue-battle axes, ivory scepters, etc. Their presence suggested that M204 and M207 were elite burials. The complete removal of feature M207 from the field allowed meticulous excavation of the burial in the convenience of laboratory environment, as well as the immediate preservation of the uncovered cultural relics. The deposition indicated that Wujiachang was an artificial mound cemetery of the elites of the Liangzhu Culture.","PeriodicalId":41590,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Archaeology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/char-2018-0007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42524171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The early Qin Culture refers to the Qin Culture from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the early Spring-and-Autumn Period. Considering its cultural composition, we will realize that it has three main sources, namely the Shang, Zhou, and Western Rong (Western Barbarian) Cultures. The elements derived from the Shang Culture comprised the furniture of waist pits and the custom of dog burial in graves, the use of human sacrifice, the interment of chariots and horses, the Shang-style pottery wares and the tradition of constructing huge-scale mausoleums. These elements reflect that the Qin people initially came from the east and had strong ties with the Shang Dynasty and were deeply influenced by the Shang Culture, and belonged to the Yin people (after the fall of the Shang Dynasty) in the broader sense. The elements absorbed from the Zhou Culture comprised the architectural types of ancestral temples and palaces, the adoption of the ritual vessels, the suspended musical instruments, the Zhou style pottery wares and the writing system. These elements indicate that the Qin people adopted the ritual and musical culture of the Western Zhou Dynasty, which had a great political significance at the early stage of Qin’s history. The factors derived from the cultures of the Western Rong ethnic group or the northern steppes included the flexed burial position, the golden body ornaments and chariots and horses, iron wares, animal motifs on utensils, recesses on the walls of the burial pits and the ditches around the graves, the use of bronze cauldrons and swords (daggers). Such elements reflect that during the development process in the Longyou region, the Qin people absorbed the cultures of the adjacent Western Rong ethnic group, the Eurasian steppes and farther beyond. The first kind of elements continued to predominate the Qin Culture down to the middle Western Zhou, then the second and the third ones arose from the late Western Zhou to the early Spring-and-Autumn Period, and simultaneously, the first were only present in the aristocratic burial activities. Based on the remnants of the Shang Culture, the early Qin Culture came into being by widely absorbing elements of the Zhou and Western Rong Cultures.
{"title":"On the origin and formation of the early Qin Culture","authors":"Yun Liang","doi":"10.1515/char-2018-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/char-2018-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The early Qin Culture refers to the Qin Culture from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the early Spring-and-Autumn Period. Considering its cultural composition, we will realize that it has three main sources, namely the Shang, Zhou, and Western Rong (Western Barbarian) Cultures. The elements derived from the Shang Culture comprised the furniture of waist pits and the custom of dog burial in graves, the use of human sacrifice, the interment of chariots and horses, the Shang-style pottery wares and the tradition of constructing huge-scale mausoleums. These elements reflect that the Qin people initially came from the east and had strong ties with the Shang Dynasty and were deeply influenced by the Shang Culture, and belonged to the Yin people (after the fall of the Shang Dynasty) in the broader sense. The elements absorbed from the Zhou Culture comprised the architectural types of ancestral temples and palaces, the adoption of the ritual vessels, the suspended musical instruments, the Zhou style pottery wares and the writing system. These elements indicate that the Qin people adopted the ritual and musical culture of the Western Zhou Dynasty, which had a great political significance at the early stage of Qin’s history. The factors derived from the cultures of the Western Rong ethnic group or the northern steppes included the flexed burial position, the golden body ornaments and chariots and horses, iron wares, animal motifs on utensils, recesses on the walls of the burial pits and the ditches around the graves, the use of bronze cauldrons and swords (daggers). Such elements reflect that during the development process in the Longyou region, the Qin people absorbed the cultures of the adjacent Western Rong ethnic group, the Eurasian steppes and farther beyond. The first kind of elements continued to predominate the Qin Culture down to the middle Western Zhou, then the second and the third ones arose from the late Western Zhou to the early Spring-and-Autumn Period, and simultaneously, the first were only present in the aristocratic burial activities. Based on the remnants of the Shang Culture, the early Qin Culture came into being by widely absorbing elements of the Zhou and Western Rong Cultures.","PeriodicalId":41590,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Archaeology","volume":"18 1","pages":"136 - 145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/char-2018-0013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47302463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In 2014 through 2016, archaeological surveys and excavations were conducted in the central area of the Shijiahe Site. The walled site at Locus Tanjialing found in the coring tests and excavations was the predecessor of the Shijiahe walled site, and its discovery provides important clues for understanding the formation and development of this latter site. The sacrificial remains at Locus Yinxintai (Seal Terrace) and the pottery workshop at Locus Sanfangwan are important discoveries related to an in-depth understanding on the functional differences across the Shijiahe Site. In addition, the jades unearthed in the excavations are richly diverse and were made with complicated techniques. They represent the highest level of the jade art in prehistoric China and contribute substantially to research on the development of Chinese Civilization.
{"title":"Surveys and excavations in 2014–2016 at Shijiahe Site in Tianmen City, Hubei","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/char-2018-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/char-2018-0002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000In 2014 through 2016, archaeological surveys and excavations were conducted in the central area of the Shijiahe Site. The walled site at Locus Tanjialing found in the coring tests and excavations was the predecessor of the Shijiahe walled site, and its discovery provides important clues for understanding the formation and development of this latter site. The sacrificial remains at Locus Yinxintai (Seal Terrace) and the pottery workshop at Locus Sanfangwan are important discoveries related to an in-depth understanding on the functional differences across the Shijiahe Site. In addition, the jades unearthed in the excavations are richly diverse and were made with complicated techniques. They represent the highest level of the jade art in prehistoric China and contribute substantially to research on the development of Chinese Civilization.","PeriodicalId":41590,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Archaeology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/char-2018-0002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44780248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
From March to September 2014, Chongqing Municipal Institute of Cultural Heritage and other institutions excavated the Dashuitian (Big Paddy) Site in Wushan County. The field project revealed 473 features and recovered more than 1800 artifacts made of pottery, stone and jade of the Daxi and Shang-Zhou Cultures. Among these features and artifacts, the flexed burials, anthropomorphic and zoomorphic stone ornaments, and jade artifacts bore unique characteristics of the Daxi Culture. They are valuable information for the understanding of the primitive religion, social organization and ideology of the past.
{"title":"The excavation of the Daxi Cultural remains at Dashuitian Site in Wushan County, Chongqing","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/char-2018-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/char-2018-0006","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000From March to September 2014, Chongqing Municipal Institute of Cultural Heritage and other institutions excavated the Dashuitian (Big Paddy) Site in Wushan County. The field project revealed 473 features and recovered more than 1800 artifacts made of pottery, stone and jade of the Daxi and Shang-Zhou Cultures. Among these features and artifacts, the flexed burials, anthropomorphic and zoomorphic stone ornaments, and jade artifacts bore unique characteristics of the Daxi Culture. They are valuable information for the understanding of the primitive religion, social organization and ideology of the past.","PeriodicalId":41590,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Archaeology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/char-2018-0006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48189050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In 2013, the Department of Archaeology, School of History of Wuhan University and the Panlongcheng City Ruins Museum excavated seven burials of the Shang Dynasty at Yangjiawan Locality within the Panlongcheng Site in Wuhan City. All the burials were vertical earthen shaft burials. Some of the burials featured waist pits, human and/or animal sacrifices. The grave goods assemblage included artifacts made of bronze, jade, stone, pottery, gold and turquoise. Some of the unearthed objects were seen for the first time in the archaeology of Panlongcheng. The burials can be roughly dated to the terminal phase of the Panlongcheng Site. The Yangjiawan Locality yielded the densest distribution of burials in the Panlongcheng Site. It was an important cemetery of the early to the mid Shang Dynasty. The cemetery was in close proximity to a previously excavated large-scale architectural foundation of the Shang Dynasty. Together, these findings are important information for the understanding of the layout of the Panlongcheng Site.
{"title":"The Shang burials at the Yangjiawan Locality of the Panlongcheng Site in Wuhan","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/char-2018-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/char-2018-0008","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000In 2013, the Department of Archaeology, School of History of Wuhan University and the Panlongcheng City Ruins Museum excavated seven burials of the Shang Dynasty at Yangjiawan Locality within the Panlongcheng Site in Wuhan City. All the burials were vertical earthen shaft burials. Some of the burials featured waist pits, human and/or animal sacrifices. The grave goods assemblage included artifacts made of bronze, jade, stone, pottery, gold and turquoise. Some of the unearthed objects were seen for the first time in the archaeology of Panlongcheng. The burials can be roughly dated to the terminal phase of the Panlongcheng Site. The Yangjiawan Locality yielded the densest distribution of burials in the Panlongcheng Site. It was an important cemetery of the early to the mid Shang Dynasty. The cemetery was in close proximity to a previously excavated large-scale architectural foundation of the Shang Dynasty. Together, these findings are important information for the understanding of the layout of the Panlongcheng Site.","PeriodicalId":41590,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Archaeology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/char-2018-0008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45922666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In the 5th and 6th centuries, the belief of the descent of Maitreya was very popular in the Jiangnan area, the Longhua Monastery worshipping the statue of Maitreya as Buddha was flourishing, and the Longhuahui (Maitreya’s preach assembly under the dragon-flower tree, aka Sri Lankan ironwood) was also once prospering. The Maitreya figures of the Southern Dynasties in the Jiangnan area are seen in the cliff niches at Baoxiang Monastery in Xinchang County, Zhejiang and the Mount Qixia Grottoes in Nanjing, Jiangsu; in Sichuan area, the Maitreya figures of the Southern Dynasties are seen on the votive stele made by Monk Xuansong in Maoxian County and the Maitreya statue made by Monk Fahai found at Xi’an Road in Chengdu. Fu Dashi (497–569 CE), a devout lay Buddhist native to Dongyang District of the Southern Dynasties, announced himself as the incarnation of Maitreya to attract believers, and invented the zhuanlun jingzang (rotating Buddhist scripture library).
{"title":"Maitreya statues in the Southern Dynasties and the incarnation of Fu Dashi as Maitreya","authors":"Yuqun Li","doi":"10.1515/char-2018-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/char-2018-0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the 5th and 6th centuries, the belief of the descent of Maitreya was very popular in the Jiangnan area, the Longhua Monastery worshipping the statue of Maitreya as Buddha was flourishing, and the Longhuahui (Maitreya’s preach assembly under the dragon-flower tree, aka Sri Lankan ironwood) was also once prospering. The Maitreya figures of the Southern Dynasties in the Jiangnan area are seen in the cliff niches at Baoxiang Monastery in Xinchang County, Zhejiang and the Mount Qixia Grottoes in Nanjing, Jiangsu; in Sichuan area, the Maitreya figures of the Southern Dynasties are seen on the votive stele made by Monk Xuansong in Maoxian County and the Maitreya statue made by Monk Fahai found at Xi’an Road in Chengdu. Fu Dashi (497–569 CE), a devout lay Buddhist native to Dongyang District of the Southern Dynasties, announced himself as the incarnation of Maitreya to attract believers, and invented the zhuanlun jingzang (rotating Buddhist scripture library).","PeriodicalId":41590,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Archaeology","volume":"18 1","pages":"155 - 163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/char-2018-0015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47194609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In 2007, Shanxi Provincial Institute of Archaeology conducted excavation to the Dahekou Cemetery of the Western Zhou Dynasty in Yicheng County. In the excavated M1, the wooden parts of the lacquered wares have decayed away and were very difficult to recover and process suitably in the fieldwork condition. Because of this, Conservation and Research Center for Cultural Heritage of the Institute of Archaeology, CASS was invited to conduct laboratory archaeology to these artifacts. By the onsite preservation and reinforcing processing and entire encasing acquisition, these artifacts and their burial context were removed to the laboratory and subject to recovery. The suitable propping materials and reinforcing reagents were selected to comprehensively process and conserve. These methods provided technological standards for the processing and preservation of the lacquered wooden objects unearthed from the semiarid areas; the completion of this project also clarified the characteristics, requirements, patterns and workflow of the laboratory archaeology.
{"title":"Brief report on the laboratory archaeology of the tomb M1 at Dahekou","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/char-2018-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/char-2018-0019","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000In 2007, Shanxi Provincial Institute of Archaeology conducted excavation to the Dahekou Cemetery of the Western Zhou Dynasty in Yicheng County. In the excavated M1, the wooden parts of the lacquered wares have decayed away and were very difficult to recover and process suitably in the fieldwork condition. Because of this, Conservation and Research Center for Cultural Heritage of the Institute of Archaeology, CASS was invited to conduct laboratory archaeology to these artifacts. By the onsite preservation and reinforcing processing and entire encasing acquisition, these artifacts and their burial context were removed to the laboratory and subject to recovery. The suitable propping materials and reinforcing reagents were selected to comprehensively process and conserve. These methods provided technological standards for the processing and preservation of the lacquered wooden objects unearthed from the semiarid areas; the completion of this project also clarified the characteristics, requirements, patterns and workflow of the laboratory archaeology.","PeriodicalId":41590,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Archaeology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/char-2018-0019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43476358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This paper summarizes current zooarchaeological research on the origin of domestic sheep and early sheep exploitation strategies in Xinjiang. The researchers analyze sheep bones excavated from the Shirenzigou ( 石人子沟, lit. Stone Human Statue Gully) Site using zooarchaeological methods, including using pelvises to identify sex, and confirm that the sheep at Shirenzigou were domesticated sheep. Previous discoveries and archaeological research in Xinjiang provide background for the researchers’ arguments that the main ways ancient people exploited domestic sheep during the Bronze Age to early Iron Age included: consuming and producing meat, wool, hide and milk; using sheep in rituals such as funerary practices; and making bone artifacts out of sheep bones.
{"title":"The emergence and early utilization of domestic sheep in Xinjiang","authors":"Yue You, P. Lü, Jianxin Wang, Jian Ma, Meng Ren","doi":"10.1515/char-2018-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/char-2018-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper summarizes current zooarchaeological research on the origin of domestic sheep and early sheep exploitation strategies in Xinjiang. The researchers analyze sheep bones excavated from the Shirenzigou ( 石人子沟, lit. Stone Human Statue Gully) Site using zooarchaeological methods, including using pelvises to identify sex, and confirm that the sheep at Shirenzigou were domesticated sheep. Previous discoveries and archaeological research in Xinjiang provide background for the researchers’ arguments that the main ways ancient people exploited domestic sheep during the Bronze Age to early Iron Age included: consuming and producing meat, wool, hide and milk; using sheep in rituals such as funerary practices; and making bone artifacts out of sheep bones.","PeriodicalId":41590,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Archaeology","volume":"18 1","pages":"172 - 179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/char-2018-0017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49604840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In 2014, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology and other institutions excavated Locality 1 of the Modaoshan (Whetting Hill) Site in Yunan County, Guangdong. The excavation recovered almost 400 pieces of lithic products mostly made of quartz, sandstone and quartzite, plus a few made of fine sandstone and metasandstone, the categories of which included blanks, cores, flakes, tools, chunks, debris and utilized gravels, containing the entire procedure from blank fetching, stone tool making and refuse abandoning, and the finished tools took small proportion. The date of Locality 1 was the early stage of the Middle Pleistocene, belonging to the Lower Paleolithic Age. The Modaoshan Site is the first open site of the Paleolithic Age scientifically excavated in Guangdong Province and the earliest cultural remains of the early human beings in Guangdong Province confirmed to date.
{"title":"The excavation of the Modaoshan Site of the Paleolithic Age in Yunan County, Guangdong","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/char-2018-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/char-2018-0005","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000In 2014, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology and other institutions excavated Locality 1 of the Modaoshan (Whetting Hill) Site in Yunan County, Guangdong. The excavation recovered almost 400 pieces of lithic products mostly made of quartz, sandstone and quartzite, plus a few made of fine sandstone and metasandstone, the categories of which included blanks, cores, flakes, tools, chunks, debris and utilized gravels, containing the entire procedure from blank fetching, stone tool making and refuse abandoning, and the finished tools took small proportion. The date of Locality 1 was the early stage of the Middle Pleistocene, belonging to the Lower Paleolithic Age. The Modaoshan Site is the first open site of the Paleolithic Age scientifically excavated in Guangdong Province and the earliest cultural remains of the early human beings in Guangdong Province confirmed to date.","PeriodicalId":41590,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Archaeology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/char-2018-0005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42005248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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