Pub Date : 2022-10-12DOI: 10.9734/ajrcs/2022/v7i4142
Temesgen Abo Ertiro
For resource-poor Ethiopian farmers, field pea (Pisum sativum L.) is the main source of protein. To increase the productivity of the crop and support farmers, the development of yield and disease-resistant varieties is an important activity. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine genetic variability and associated agronomic traits among field pea genotypes. A total of 49 field pea genotypes were evaluated at Bekoji in 2020 using a simple lattice design. Analyses of variance were performed on the morpho-agronomic data collected. Most traits were significantly different among genotypes, except pod per plant, pod length, and seed per pod. Variations in genotypes for grain yield ranged from 412 to 4498 kg ha-1. EH 010011-3, EH 05048-5, and EK 08017-3 were the genotypes with the most yield advantage over Bursa (3714.0 kg ha -1), with yield advantages of 21.11, 1.13, and 1.19%, respectively, over the highest yielding check variety. Genotype EH 010011-3 showed the highest mean grain yield of 4498 kg/ha. Phenotypic coefficients of variation ranged from 2.33% for days to maturity to 29.40% for thousand seed weights, whereas genotypic coefficients of variation ranged from 2.20% to 24.31% for days to maturity. In general, the estimated broad sense heritability ranged from 63.85% for harvest index to 89.21% for days to maturity. The genetic advance as a percentage of mean ranged from 4.28% for days to maturity to 42.16% for grain yield. The study showed that field pea genotypes exhibit reasonable genetic variation, which could be used to develop breeding programs.
对于资源贫乏的埃塞俄比亚农民来说，田间豌豆(Pisum sativum L.)是蛋白质的主要来源。为了提高作物的生产力和支持农民，开发高产和抗病品种是一项重要的活动。因此，本研究的目的是研究大田豌豆基因型之间的遗传变异和相关农艺性状。2020年，在Bekoji采用简单格点设计对49个大田豌豆基因型进行了评价。对收集到的形态农艺数据进行方差分析。除单株荚果数、荚果长、荚果粒数外，其余性状在基因型间差异显著。籽粒产量的基因型变异范围为412 ~ 4498 kg hm -1。EH 010011-3、EH 05048-5和EK 08017-3是比布尔萨(3714.0 kg ha -1)产量优势最大的基因型，分别比最高产量对照品种增产21.11%、1.13%和1.19%。EH 010011-3型籽粒平均产量最高，为4498 kg/ hm2。千粒重表型变异系数为2.33% ~ 29.40%，千粒重基因型变异系数为2.20% ~ 24.31%。广义遗传力在收获指数63.85% ~成熟期89.21%之间。遗传进步在日数到成熟期的平均百分比为4.28%，在籽粒产量的平均百分比为42.16%。研究表明，大田豌豆基因型表现出合理的遗传变异，可用于制定育种计划。
{"title":"Genetic Variability in Quantitative Traits of Field Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Genotypes at Bekoji District, Ethiopia","authors":"Temesgen Abo Ertiro","doi":"10.9734/ajrcs/2022/v7i4142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrcs/2022/v7i4142","url":null,"abstract":"For resource-poor Ethiopian farmers, field pea (Pisum sativum L.) is the main source of protein. To increase the productivity of the crop and support farmers, the development of yield and disease-resistant varieties is an important activity. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine genetic variability and associated agronomic traits among field pea genotypes. A total of 49 field pea genotypes were evaluated at Bekoji in 2020 using a simple lattice design. Analyses of variance were performed on the morpho-agronomic data collected. Most traits were significantly different among genotypes, except pod per plant, pod length, and seed per pod. Variations in genotypes for grain yield ranged from 412 to 4498 kg ha-1. EH 010011-3, EH 05048-5, and EK 08017-3 were the genotypes with the most yield advantage over Bursa (3714.0 kg ha -1), with yield advantages of 21.11, 1.13, and 1.19%, respectively, over the highest yielding check variety. Genotype EH 010011-3 showed the highest mean grain yield of 4498 kg/ha. Phenotypic coefficients of variation ranged from 2.33% for days to maturity to 29.40% for thousand seed weights, whereas genotypic coefficients of variation ranged from 2.20% to 24.31% for days to maturity. In general, the estimated broad sense heritability ranged from 63.85% for harvest index to 89.21% for days to maturity. The genetic advance as a percentage of mean ranged from 4.28% for days to maturity to 42.16% for grain yield. The study showed that field pea genotypes exhibit reasonable genetic variation, which could be used to develop breeding programs.","PeriodicalId":415976,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115312881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-07DOI: 10.9734/ajrcs/2022/v7i4141
E. Nwokeji, V. Ogwudire, L. C. Emmanuel-Okafor, C. Peter-Onoh, S. Okere, P. Anyanwu, C. Agu, G. Ihejirika
The influence of plant spacing and intercropping on the growth and septoria leaf spot disease incidence and severity of tomato were studied in Owerri, the south east of Nigeria, in the year 2011.The study was designed as a 4x4 factorial in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three (3) replications. Data on growth parameters and septoria leaf spot disease incidence and severity of tomato were collected and statistically analyzed by using Gensat version 4 analytical software, while the means were separated for difference using Fisher’s Least Significant Difference Protocol. The result showed a significant (P<0.05) reduction of septoria leaf spot disease incidence to 0.00% by intercropping at the distance of 75 x 50 cm under tomato sole cropping arrangement. The intercrop combination of tomato/groundnut/soybean also significantly (P<0.05) reduced septoria leaf spot disease incidence (6.7%) under the spacing of 100 x 75 cm. Intercropping significantly (P<0.05) influenced septoria leaf spot disease severity at 6 weeks of transplanting. Similarly, plant spacing of 75 x 50 cm and under the tomato sole crop arrangement significantly reduced the tomato septoria leaf spot disease severity.
{"title":"Influence of Plant Spacing and Intercropping on the Growht and Septoria Leaf Spot of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill)","authors":"E. Nwokeji, V. Ogwudire, L. C. Emmanuel-Okafor, C. Peter-Onoh, S. Okere, P. Anyanwu, C. Agu, G. Ihejirika","doi":"10.9734/ajrcs/2022/v7i4141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrcs/2022/v7i4141","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of plant spacing and intercropping on the growth and septoria leaf spot disease incidence and severity of tomato were studied in Owerri, the south east of Nigeria, in the year 2011.The study was designed as a 4x4 factorial in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three (3) replications. Data on growth parameters and septoria leaf spot disease incidence and severity of tomato were collected and statistically analyzed by using Gensat version 4 analytical software, while the means were separated for difference using Fisher’s Least Significant Difference Protocol. The result showed a significant (P<0.05) reduction of septoria leaf spot disease incidence to 0.00% by intercropping at the distance of 75 x 50 cm under tomato sole cropping arrangement. The intercrop combination of tomato/groundnut/soybean also significantly (P<0.05) reduced septoria leaf spot disease incidence (6.7%) under the spacing of 100 x 75 cm. Intercropping significantly (P<0.05) influenced septoria leaf spot disease severity at 6 weeks of transplanting. Similarly, plant spacing of 75 x 50 cm and under the tomato sole crop arrangement significantly reduced the tomato septoria leaf spot disease severity.","PeriodicalId":415976,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134154659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-24DOI: 10.9734/ajrcs/2022/v7i4140
G. Opande, B. D. Khasabulli, D. Musyimi
Tomato is one of the most important vegetables in the world. Ralstonia solanacearum causes a devastating bacterial wilt that is wide-spread throughout tropical environments that has been difficult to control with chemicals and African cultural practices in poor regions of the world. This study was initiated to determine the inhibitory effect of methanolic root extract of Senna didymobotrya and Moringa oleifera seed extracts on growth and development of R. solanacearum. The study was conducted both in the Laboratory and in the green house in Maseno from where S. didymobotrya and M. oleifera specimens used were collected from the University Botanic Garden, dried under shade for 30 days, before being ground into a fine powder. 1000 grams of the plant powder was later transferred into a conical flask and covered with 250mls of methanol. Filtration was done and the extracts concentrated. Ten diseased tomato plants showing bacterial wilt symptoms earlier collected from Maseno, Mariwa, Seme and Holo all within Kisumu county (Kenya) were cut to obtain plant sections (0.5–1cm) that were later plated onto Triphenyltetrazolium chloride media. Bacteriostatic activity of the extracts was determined by the disc diffusion method on Mueller Hinton agar. In vivo evaluations were conducted in a green house using tomato seedlings. Data collected was subjected to analysis of variance and means separated were compared using least significance difference (P≤ 0.05). Both plants extracts showed inhibitory activity against R. solanacearum pathogen (M. Oleifera; 8.5 and S. didymobotrya 9.2). Based on the outcome of this study, S. didymobotrya is recommended as a potential botanical agent suitable for future trials and use in the control of R. solanacerum by tomato farmers in Maseno region Kisumu county.
{"title":"Effect of Methanolic Extracts of Senna didymobotrya and Moringa oleifera on Growth of Ralstonia solanacearum","authors":"G. Opande, B. D. Khasabulli, D. Musyimi","doi":"10.9734/ajrcs/2022/v7i4140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrcs/2022/v7i4140","url":null,"abstract":"Tomato is one of the most important vegetables in the world. Ralstonia solanacearum causes a devastating bacterial wilt that is wide-spread throughout tropical environments that has been difficult to control with chemicals and African cultural practices in poor regions of the world. This study was initiated to determine the inhibitory effect of methanolic root extract of Senna didymobotrya and Moringa oleifera seed extracts on growth and development of R. solanacearum. The study was conducted both in the Laboratory and in the green house in Maseno from where S. didymobotrya and M. oleifera specimens used were collected from the University Botanic Garden, dried under shade for 30 days, before being ground into a fine powder. 1000 grams of the plant powder was later transferred into a conical flask and covered with 250mls of methanol. Filtration was done and the extracts concentrated. Ten diseased tomato plants showing bacterial wilt symptoms earlier collected from Maseno, Mariwa, Seme and Holo all within Kisumu county (Kenya) were cut to obtain plant sections (0.5–1cm) that were later plated onto Triphenyltetrazolium chloride media. Bacteriostatic activity of the extracts was determined by the disc diffusion method on Mueller Hinton agar. In vivo evaluations were conducted in a green house using tomato seedlings. Data collected was subjected to analysis of variance and means separated were compared using least significance difference (P≤ 0.05). Both plants extracts showed inhibitory activity against R. solanacearum pathogen (M. Oleifera; 8.5 and S. didymobotrya 9.2). Based on the outcome of this study, S. didymobotrya is recommended as a potential botanical agent suitable for future trials and use in the control of R. solanacerum by tomato farmers in Maseno region Kisumu county.","PeriodicalId":415976,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science","volume":"194 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116121355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.9734/ajrcs/2022/v7i330145
G. I. Harry, J. I. Ulasi
A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the growth and yield characteristics of plantain varieties in the humid rain forest zone of Nigeria. The research was conducted at the University of Uyo Teaching and Research Farm in Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of various plantain varieties with a view to identify high yielding genotypes. The planting material used for this study were the following varieties - 4479-1, 7152-2, Agbagba, Akpakpak, Mbiegome and a local cultivar called “Ogoni Red” obtained from the iInternational iInstitute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Onne, River State. Data collected on shoot and bunch yields characters were statistically assessed by analysis of variance. The growth characters showed significant variations among the plantain varieties. Plant height at 32 weeks after planting showed that variety 4479-1 recorded the highest height, 4.09 m while Agbagba and Mbiegome had heights 3.21 m and 3.07 m, respectively. The bunch characteristics measured after harvesting were statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) among the varieties. The bunch weight differed significantly (P < 0.05) amongst the varieties. The result showed that the yield (bunch weight) for Mbiegome was 10.55 kg, followed by 4479-1 with 10.28 kg., while 7152-2, Ogoni red and Agbagba varieties recorded 07.68 kg, 04.11 kg and 09.5 kg, respectively. In this study, variety Mbiegome outperformed other varieties in terms of yield and yield components apart from the finger thickness and length and is therefore recommended to promotion in Akwa Ibom State.
{"title":"Evaluation of Plantain (Musa spp.) Varieties for Growth and Yield Characters in Humid Rainforest Zone of Nigeria","authors":"G. I. Harry, J. I. Ulasi","doi":"10.9734/ajrcs/2022/v7i330145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrcs/2022/v7i330145","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the growth and yield characteristics of plantain varieties in the humid rain forest zone of Nigeria. The research was conducted at the University of Uyo Teaching and Research Farm in Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of various plantain varieties with a view to identify high yielding genotypes. The planting material used for this study were the following varieties - 4479-1, 7152-2, Agbagba, Akpakpak, Mbiegome and a local cultivar called “Ogoni Red” obtained from the iInternational iInstitute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Onne, River State. Data collected on shoot and bunch yields characters were statistically assessed by analysis of variance. The growth characters showed significant variations among the plantain varieties. Plant height at 32 weeks after planting showed that variety 4479-1 recorded the highest height, 4.09 m while Agbagba and Mbiegome had heights 3.21 m and 3.07 m, respectively. The bunch characteristics measured after harvesting were statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) among the varieties. The bunch weight differed significantly (P < 0.05) amongst the varieties. The result showed that the yield (bunch weight) for Mbiegome was 10.55 kg, followed by 4479-1 with 10.28 kg., while 7152-2, Ogoni red and Agbagba varieties recorded 07.68 kg, 04.11 kg and 09.5 kg, respectively. In this study, variety Mbiegome outperformed other varieties in terms of yield and yield components apart from the finger thickness and length and is therefore recommended to promotion in Akwa Ibom State.","PeriodicalId":415976,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124402425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aims: The study was carried out in 2020 at Bal’ad District, Middle Shebelle, Somalia to investigate the post-harvesting losses on tomato production. Methodology: The research used a descriptive survey research design particularly cross-sectional study, and it was quantitative in nature. From the population, the study selected 109 sample size as to represent the population by using Slovin formula with the maximum acceptable error of 5 %. The sampling procedure was non-probability particularly purposive sampling. Primary data were collected using questionnaire survey and field observations. Descriptive statistics such as frequent, figures and percentages were used and analyzed with the package of statistical package for Social Science technique (SPSS 22.0). Findings: The results revealed that on-farm losses viz. too much irrigation after fruiting the tomato (96.3%), high winds (85.3%), improper harvesting stages (90.8%) and incidence pests and disease (93.5%) were affecting the tomato production in Bal’ ad district accompanied by off farm losses occurred due to lack of good infrastructure (96.3%), delaying transportation vehicles long time during inspection check point leads decaying (90.9%)and lack of consistent market (86.2%). The study suggested that the farmers should be provided technical training on the management of post-harvest losses of tomato production.
{"title":"The Impact of Post-Harvest Losses on Tomato Production in Bal‘ad District, Middle Shabelle Region, Somalia","authors":"Hassan Nuur Ismaan, Shuaib Abdullahi Said, M. Abubakar, Mohamed Siraje Mohamed","doi":"10.9734/ajrcs/2022/v7i330144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrcs/2022/v7i330144","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The study was carried out in 2020 at Bal’ad District, Middle Shebelle, Somalia to investigate the post-harvesting losses on tomato production. \u0000Methodology: The research used a descriptive survey research design particularly cross-sectional study, and it was quantitative in nature. From the population, the study selected 109 sample size as to represent the population by using Slovin formula with the maximum acceptable error of 5 %. The sampling procedure was non-probability particularly purposive sampling. Primary data were collected using questionnaire survey and field observations. Descriptive statistics such as frequent, figures and percentages were used and analyzed with the package of statistical package for Social Science technique (SPSS 22.0). \u0000Findings: The results revealed that on-farm losses viz. too much irrigation after fruiting the tomato (96.3%), high winds (85.3%), improper harvesting stages (90.8%) and incidence pests and disease (93.5%) were affecting the tomato production in Bal’ ad district accompanied by off farm losses occurred due to lack of good infrastructure (96.3%), delaying transportation vehicles long time during inspection check point leads decaying (90.9%)and lack of consistent market (86.2%). The study suggested that the farmers should be provided technical training on the management of post-harvest losses of tomato production.","PeriodicalId":415976,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125601062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-20DOI: 10.9734/ajrcs/2022/v7i330143
E. M. Nwokeji, M. I. Nwufo, C. M. Agu, G. O. Ihejirika, P. C. Anyanwu, C. Peter-Onoh, V. E. Ogwudire, S. A. Dialoke, S. E. Okere
The experiment was conducted on the effects of some mulching materials and some tomato cultivars on the growth parameters and wilt disease of tomato. The design used was 3 x 4 factorial in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), in four (4) replications. The work was carried out in 2015 cropping seasona at the Teaching and Research Farm of the School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. on growth parameters and disease incidence on tomato were collected and statistically analyzed, using Genstat Version 4 analytical Software, while the means were separated for difference using Fisher’ Least Significant Difference Protocol. Wilt incidence was significantly (P<0.05) affected by tomato cultivars at the sixth week after transplanting (WAT). Wilt severity was lowest (1.75) at 2nd WAT. The number of fruits for Rio Grande cultivars significantly (P<0.05) increased at 8 WAT. For effective management of tomato wilt, ROMA VF cultivars should be grown under grass, while Tropimech tomato cultivars should be left unmulched.
试验研究了不同覆盖材料和不同番茄品种对番茄生长参数和枯萎病的影响。采用随机完全区设计(RCBD)的3 × 4因子设计，共4个重复。这项工作于2015年种植季在尼日利亚伊莫州奥韦里联邦科技大学农业与农业技术学院教学与研究农场开展。采用Genstat Version 4分析软件对番茄生长参数和病害发病率进行统计分析，采用Fisher ' Least Significant difference Protocol进行均值分离。移栽后第6周，番茄品种对青枯病发病率有显著影响(P<0.05)。第2个WAT的青枯病严重程度最低(1.75)。8 WAT时，格兰德河品种的果实数量显著增加(P<0.05)。为了有效管理番茄枯萎病，罗马VF番茄品种应在草下种植，而托罗米麦番茄品种应不覆盖。
{"title":"Efficacy of Some Plant Mulches and Tomato Cultivars on the Growth Parameters and Wilt of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) in Owerri, Imo State, South East, Nigeria","authors":"E. M. Nwokeji, M. I. Nwufo, C. M. Agu, G. O. Ihejirika, P. C. Anyanwu, C. Peter-Onoh, V. E. Ogwudire, S. A. Dialoke, S. E. Okere","doi":"10.9734/ajrcs/2022/v7i330143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrcs/2022/v7i330143","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment was conducted on the effects of some mulching materials and some tomato cultivars on the growth parameters and wilt disease of tomato. The design used was 3 x 4 factorial in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), in four (4) replications. The work was carried out in 2015 cropping seasona at the Teaching and Research Farm of the School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. on growth parameters and disease incidence on tomato were collected and statistically analyzed, using Genstat Version 4 analytical Software, while the means were separated for difference using Fisher’ Least Significant Difference Protocol. Wilt incidence was significantly (P<0.05) affected by tomato cultivars at the sixth week after transplanting (WAT). Wilt severity was lowest (1.75) at 2nd WAT. The number of fruits for Rio Grande cultivars significantly (P<0.05) increased at 8 WAT. For effective management of tomato wilt, ROMA VF cultivars should be grown under grass, while Tropimech tomato cultivars should be left unmulched.","PeriodicalId":415976,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134441873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-10DOI: 10.9734/ajrcs/2022/v7i330142
Gebeyaw Achenef Haile, G. Kebede, Temesgen Abo Eritro
Plant breeding, agronomy, and genetic studies involving interactions between G x E heavily use the GGE biplot tool for data visualization. This study aims to identify robust genotypes with high yields across different environments and suitable environments based on biplot analysis. Fourteen field pea (Pisum sativum L.) advanced genotypes were evaluated at Arsi zone for two years (2014-2015) main cropping season across eight environments using randomized complete block design with four replications. There was a significant difference (P<0.001) in grain yield based on genotype, year, location, and the interaction of (G x L, Y x G). In this study, genotypes responded differently to different environments and at different times of the year. There was a range between 3509 kg/ha (G6) and 2809.5 kg/ha (G12) for the highest and the lowest mean grain yields. According to the mean and stability view of the GGE biplot, G6 followed by G1 was the most productive genotype in all environments except E5 and E6, while G5, G12, and G9 were the least productive. Based on the polygon view, five sectors were formed, and genotypes G13, G8, G6, G3, and G5 won. The G6 was an ideal choice in terms of mean yield and stability (high mean yield and adaptable). It was considered desirable to have genotypes G1, G4, and G3 closest to an ideal genotype. In most environments, G6 is a more adaptable genotype than any other genotype, making it a more suitable genotype for commercial production.
植物育种、农艺学和涉及gx E之间相互作用的遗传研究大量使用GGE双标图工具进行数据可视化。本研究旨在通过双图分析，确定在不同环境和适宜环境下高产的健壮基因型。采用4个重复的随机完全区组设计，对14个大田豌豆(Pisum sativum L.)高级基因型进行了为期2年(2014-2015)的Arsi区主要种植季8种环境的评估。基因型、年份、地理位置以及(G x L, Y x G)互作对籽粒产量的影响显著(P<0.001)。在本研究中，基因型对不同环境和不同时间的响应不同。最高和最低平均产量在3509 kg/ha (G6)和2809.5 kg/ha (G12)之间。从GGE双图的平均值和稳定性来看，除E5和E6外，G6后G1是所有环境中产量最高的基因型，而G5、G12和G9的产量最低。以多边形为基础，形成了5个扇区，分别是G13、G8、G6、G3、G5。从平均产量和稳定性(高平均产量和适应性)来看，G6是一个理想的选择。G1、G4和G3基因型最接近理想基因型被认为是可取的。在大多数环境中，G6是比任何其他基因型更具适应性的基因型，使其更适合商业生产。
{"title":"Biplot Analysis of Field Pea Genotypes by Environment Interaction and Yield Stability across Eight Environments in Arsi Zone","authors":"Gebeyaw Achenef Haile, G. Kebede, Temesgen Abo Eritro","doi":"10.9734/ajrcs/2022/v7i330142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrcs/2022/v7i330142","url":null,"abstract":"Plant breeding, agronomy, and genetic studies involving interactions between G x E heavily use the GGE biplot tool for data visualization. This study aims to identify robust genotypes with high yields across different environments and suitable environments based on biplot analysis. Fourteen field pea (Pisum sativum L.) advanced genotypes were evaluated at Arsi zone for two years (2014-2015) main cropping season across eight environments using randomized complete block design with four replications. There was a significant difference (P<0.001) in grain yield based on genotype, year, location, and the interaction of (G x L, Y x G). In this study, genotypes responded differently to different environments and at different times of the year. There was a range between 3509 kg/ha (G6) and 2809.5 kg/ha (G12) for the highest and the lowest mean grain yields. According to the mean and stability view of the GGE biplot, G6 followed by G1 was the most productive genotype in all environments except E5 and E6, while G5, G12, and G9 were the least productive. Based on the polygon view, five sectors were formed, and genotypes G13, G8, G6, G3, and G5 won. The G6 was an ideal choice in terms of mean yield and stability (high mean yield and adaptable). It was considered desirable to have genotypes G1, G4, and G3 closest to an ideal genotype. In most environments, G6 is a more adaptable genotype than any other genotype, making it a more suitable genotype for commercial production.","PeriodicalId":415976,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128706144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-05DOI: 10.9734/ajrcs/2022/v7i330141
M. Siddika, K. Khatun, T. Mostarin, M. I. Sarkar, M. K. Alam, Aysha Jannatul Ferdousi, M. Hasan, Sumiya Afroz
In order to investigate the influence of seed sowing time and nutrients on the growth and yield of fennel, an experiment based on Randomized Complete Block Design with twelve treatments and three replications at the Horticulture Farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka during October, 2019 to July, 2020 season was carried out. Fennel variety ‘BARI Mouri-1’ was used as planting material in this study. The experiment consisted of two factors: Factors-A: Sowing time (4 levels): S1 = First week of November, S2 = Last week of November, S3 = First week of December and S4 = Last week of December; Factors-B: Nutrients (4 levels): T0 = Control, T1 = Vermicompost (2.50 t ha-1), T2 = NPK (N80P50K60 kg ha-1) and T3 = Vermicompost (2.50 t ha-1) + NPK (N80P50K60 kg ha-1). The result revealed that in case of seed sowing time S2 (Last week of November) and in case of different level of nutrients T3 [Vermicompost (2.50 t ha⁻¹) + NPK (N80P50K60 kg ha⁻¹)] treatment exhibited its superiority to other treatments in terms of plant height, number of leaves , number of primary branches, number of secondary branches, number of umbel per plant, number of umbellet per umbel, no. of days to first flowering, seed weight per umbel, weight of 1000-seeds and seed weight per ha. Significantly the highest seed yield (2.34t ha⁻¹) was found in S2T3 [(Last week of November with Vermicompost (2.50 t ha⁻¹) + NPK (N80P50K60 kg ha⁻¹)] interaction due to the tallest plant at harvest (117.59 cm), number of leaves (15.07), number of primary branches (7.62), number of secondary branches (20.18), minimum days to first flower (82.60), maximum number of umbellet umbel⁻¹ (27.72), number of umbel plant⁻¹ (26.75), maximum weight of 1000-seeds (6.38 g), maximum seed weight umbel⁻¹ (2.09 g).
为了研究种子播种期和养分对茴香生长和产量的影响，采用随机完全区组设计，于2019年10月至2020年7月在达卡Sher-e-Bangla Nagar市Sher-e-Bangla农业大学园艺农场进行了12个处理、3个重复的试验。本研究以茴香品种BARI moui -1为材料。试验包括两个因素:因素a:播种期(4个水平):S1 = 11月第一周，S2 = 11月最后一周，S3 = 12月第一周，S4 = 12月最后一周;因子b:营养成分(4个水平):T0 =对照，T1 =蚯蚓堆肥(2.50 t hm -1)， T2 = NPK (N80P50K60 kg hm -1)， T3 =蚯蚓堆肥(2.50 t hm -1) + NPK (N80P50K60 kg hm -1)。结果表明，在播种时间S2(11月最后一周)和不同营养水平下，T3[蚓肥(2.50 tha -¹)+氮磷钾(N80P50K60 kg ha -¹)]处理在株高、叶数、一次枝数、二次枝数、单株伞叶数、单株伞叶数、单株伞叶数、单株伞叶数、单株伞叶数、单株伞叶数、单株幼苗数等方面均表现出优势。至首次开花的天数，每伞形花序种子重，千粒重和每公顷种子重。重要的是，最高的种子产量(2.34吨公顷毒毒学¹)被发现在S2T3[11月的最后一周使用虫粪(2.50吨公顷毒毒学¹)+ N80P50K60公斤毒毒学¹)]的相互作用中，由于收获时最高的植株(117.59厘米)，叶子数量(15.07厘米)，初级枝数量(7.62公斤)，次级枝数量(20.18公斤)，到第一次开花的最小天数(82.60天)，最大的伞形毒毒学¹数量(27.72公斤)，伞形毒毒学¹数量(26.75公斤)，最大的1000粒种子重量(6.38克)，最大种子重(2.09 g)。
{"title":"Effect of Seed Sowing Time and Nutrients on the Growth and Yield of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare)","authors":"M. Siddika, K. Khatun, T. Mostarin, M. I. Sarkar, M. K. Alam, Aysha Jannatul Ferdousi, M. Hasan, Sumiya Afroz","doi":"10.9734/ajrcs/2022/v7i330141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrcs/2022/v7i330141","url":null,"abstract":"In order to investigate the influence of seed sowing time and nutrients on the growth and yield of fennel, an experiment based on Randomized Complete Block Design with twelve treatments and three replications at the Horticulture Farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka during October, 2019 to July, 2020 season was carried out. Fennel variety ‘BARI Mouri-1’ was used as planting material in this study. The experiment consisted of two factors: Factors-A: Sowing time (4 levels): S1 = First week of November, S2 = Last week of November, S3 = First week of December and S4 = Last week of December; Factors-B: Nutrients (4 levels): T0 = Control, T1 = Vermicompost (2.50 t ha-1), T2 = NPK (N80P50K60 kg ha-1) and T3 = Vermicompost (2.50 t ha-1) + NPK (N80P50K60 kg ha-1). The result revealed that in case of seed sowing time S2 (Last week of November) and in case of different level of nutrients T3 [Vermicompost (2.50 t ha⁻¹) + NPK (N80P50K60 kg ha⁻¹)] treatment exhibited its superiority to other treatments in terms of plant height, number of leaves , number of primary branches, number of secondary branches, number of umbel per plant, number of umbellet per umbel, no. of days to first flowering, seed weight per umbel, weight of 1000-seeds and seed weight per ha. Significantly the highest seed yield (2.34t ha⁻¹) was found in S2T3 [(Last week of November with Vermicompost (2.50 t ha⁻¹) + NPK (N80P50K60 kg ha⁻¹)] interaction due to the tallest plant at harvest (117.59 cm), number of leaves (15.07), number of primary branches (7.62), number of secondary branches (20.18), minimum days to first flower (82.60), maximum number of umbellet umbel⁻¹ (27.72), number of umbel plant⁻¹ (26.75), maximum weight of 1000-seeds (6.38 g), maximum seed weight umbel⁻¹ (2.09 g).","PeriodicalId":415976,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130366598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-04DOI: 10.9734/ajrcs/2022/v7i230140
G. Kebede, Gebeyaw Achenef Haile, Temesgen Abo
Faba bean is an important legume crop because of its high‐yield potential and nutrition-dense grains. This study was conducted to determine variability, heritability, and correlation between yield and yield components in 22 faba bean germplasm accession. The trial was conducted with RCBD design across two locations in the 2015/16 main cropping season. The ANOVA result showed significant variation among genotypes with p<0.05. The genotype by environmental interaction result showed significant difference p<0.05 on chocolate spot among genotypes in the trial. The minimum grain yield was recorded at 2380.8kgha-1 from genotype 17 and the maximum grain yield was recorded from genotype 5(5598.1kgha-1). The genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation ranged from 2.91 to 15.64 and 3.23 to 23.42 respectively. Moderate phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation were recorded from grain yield and thousand seed weight, while days to maturity, plant height, and the number of seeds per pod recorded lower phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation. Days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, and thousand seed weights were recorded as higher estimates of heritability. Thousand seed weights showed higher estimate of heritability along with high genetic advance. For the future breeding strategies, this information helps the researcher to improve faba bean genotypes.
{"title":"Genetic Variability and Character Associations of Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) Genotypes, Southeastern Ethiopia","authors":"G. Kebede, Gebeyaw Achenef Haile, Temesgen Abo","doi":"10.9734/ajrcs/2022/v7i230140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrcs/2022/v7i230140","url":null,"abstract":"Faba bean is an important legume crop because of its high‐yield potential and nutrition-dense grains. This study was conducted to determine variability, heritability, and correlation between yield and yield components in 22 faba bean germplasm accession. The trial was conducted with RCBD design across two locations in the 2015/16 main cropping season. The ANOVA result showed significant variation among genotypes with p<0.05. The genotype by environmental interaction result showed significant difference p<0.05 on chocolate spot among genotypes in the trial. The minimum grain yield was recorded at 2380.8kgha-1 from genotype 17 and the maximum grain yield was recorded from genotype 5(5598.1kgha-1). The genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation ranged from 2.91 to 15.64 and 3.23 to 23.42 respectively. Moderate phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation were recorded from grain yield and thousand seed weight, while days to maturity, plant height, and the number of seeds per pod recorded lower phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation. Days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, and thousand seed weights were recorded as higher estimates of heritability. Thousand seed weights showed higher estimate of heritability along with high genetic advance. For the future breeding strategies, this information helps the researcher to improve faba bean genotypes.","PeriodicalId":415976,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130878676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-05DOI: 10.9734/ajrcs/2022/v7i230138
Munsanda Walubita, Nchimunya Bbebe, L. Tembo
Aims: The effect of push and pull technology in controlling Spodoptera frugiperda in maize may vary depending on environment understudy and the cereal- legume combination treatment employed. The objectives of this study were therefore, to; i) assess the effectiveness of push-pull technologies in controlling Spodoptera frugiperda infestation in maize ii) cluster the technologies into distinct sets, and iii) identify the variables with high discriminating influence among clustered push-pull technology sets. Place and Duration of Study: The research was undertaken in Chilanga district, Zambia during the 2021/ 22 cropping season. Methodology: The experiment was laid as a randomised complete block design (RCBD) with three replications and 6 treatments. Four push –pull combinations and the two controls (Negative and Positive). Maize was used as a test crop. Data on Spodoptera frugiperda incidence was collected at weekly intervals for a period of 5 weeks and at harvest from maize crop. Analysis on measured variables was computed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and principle component analysis (PCA), a multivariate tool. Results: Significant differences were obtained on all measured variables except harvest index with regards to push- pull treatments main effects (P =0.05). The evaluation of treatments using principal component analysis showed that push - pull treatments clustered into four sets, arising from a phenotypic variation explained of 89.1%. Conclusion: This study revealed Pearl millet/ Marigold push-pull treatment as the best performing treatment with a mean maize test yield value of 7.2 tons per hectare. For variables: number of damaged leaves, injury score leaves, egg batch, biomass with cobs, shelling %, plant height and grain yield were identified as important at differentiating the performance of push pull technologies.
{"title":"Assessment of Pull- and Push Technologies in Managing Spodoptera frugiperda in Maize and Multivariate Analysis of Associated Variables","authors":"Munsanda Walubita, Nchimunya Bbebe, L. Tembo","doi":"10.9734/ajrcs/2022/v7i230138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrcs/2022/v7i230138","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The effect of push and pull technology in controlling Spodoptera frugiperda in maize may vary depending on environment understudy and the cereal- legume combination treatment employed. The objectives of this study were therefore, to; i) assess the effectiveness of push-pull technologies in controlling Spodoptera frugiperda infestation in maize ii) cluster the technologies into distinct sets, and iii) identify the variables with high discriminating influence among clustered push-pull technology sets. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: The research was undertaken in Chilanga district, Zambia during the 2021/ 22 cropping season. \u0000Methodology: The experiment was laid as a randomised complete block design (RCBD) with three replications and 6 treatments. Four push –pull combinations and the two controls (Negative and Positive). Maize was used as a test crop. Data on Spodoptera frugiperda incidence was collected at weekly intervals for a period of 5 weeks and at harvest from maize crop. Analysis on measured variables was computed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and principle component analysis (PCA), a multivariate tool. \u0000Results: Significant differences were obtained on all measured variables except harvest index with regards to push- pull treatments main effects (P =0.05). The evaluation of treatments using principal component analysis showed that push - pull treatments clustered into four sets, arising from a phenotypic variation explained of 89.1%. \u0000Conclusion: This study revealed Pearl millet/ Marigold push-pull treatment as the best performing treatment with a mean maize test yield value of 7.2 tons per hectare. For variables: number of damaged leaves, injury score leaves, egg batch, biomass with cobs, shelling %, plant height and grain yield were identified as important at differentiating the performance of push pull technologies.","PeriodicalId":415976,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122415890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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