G. Pereira, Marciele Berger Bernardes, F. Bernardini, Claudia Cappelli, A. Gomyde
Smart Cities theme has evolved in the last years, leading the cities to implement initiatives related to technical aspects to improve quality of life. Another focus on this theme is how to measure the added value of these initiatives to the population. The Brazilian Network of Smart and Human Cities (RBCIH) was created in order to join both approaches in Brazil, putting together members from academy, private initiative and local (municipality) government. Nowadays, RBCIH is composed by 350 Brazilian cities (in a universe of 5570 cities), indicating that a long-term work has to be executed by RBCIH in Brazil. Two purposes of RBCIH are presenting good practices and evaluating how smart and human a city is. In this work, a methodology is presented for constructing a Brazilian reference model and an evaluation method for smart cities, adherent to the Brazilian reality.
{"title":"Building a Reference Model and an Evaluation Method for cities of the Brazilian Network of Smart and Human Cities","authors":"G. Pereira, Marciele Berger Bernardes, F. Bernardini, Claudia Cappelli, A. Gomyde","doi":"10.1145/3085228.3085257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3085228.3085257","url":null,"abstract":"Smart Cities theme has evolved in the last years, leading the cities to implement initiatives related to technical aspects to improve quality of life. Another focus on this theme is how to measure the added value of these initiatives to the population. The Brazilian Network of Smart and Human Cities (RBCIH) was created in order to join both approaches in Brazil, putting together members from academy, private initiative and local (municipality) government. Nowadays, RBCIH is composed by 350 Brazilian cities (in a universe of 5570 cities), indicating that a long-term work has to be executed by RBCIH in Brazil. Two purposes of RBCIH are presenting good practices and evaluating how smart and human a city is. In this work, a methodology is presented for constructing a Brazilian reference model and an evaluation method for smart cities, adherent to the Brazilian reality.","PeriodicalId":416111,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128653274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Sayogo, J. Ramon Gil-Garcia, Felippe Cronemberger, Bambang Widagdo
Interagency collaboration and information sharing in the public sector is a complex enterprise laden with risks. In this type of environment, past studies find that trust is key to the success of inter-organizational information sharing (IIS) initiatives. Based on a review of current literature and a national survey conducted in the US, this paper quantitatively explores the role of trust in mediating the relationship between multiple variables and the success in IIS. Overall, we found that trust is significant in mediating the relationships among four determinants of IIS success, namely: a) effective communication, b) clarity about their roles and responsibilities and expectations about other participants' roles and responsibilities, c) competence inferred from past experiences, and d) judicious exercise of formal authority, which reduces participants' uncertainty and anxiety about the project. Furthermore, our analysis indicates that the role of trust in mediating the relationships depends on how success is measured in an IIS project. Testing the roles that trust plays through statistical analysis makes an important contribution to the literature, as well as to government practice.
{"title":"The Mediating Role of Trust for Inter-Organizational Information Sharing (IIS) Success in the Public Sector","authors":"D. Sayogo, J. Ramon Gil-Garcia, Felippe Cronemberger, Bambang Widagdo","doi":"10.1145/3085228.3085236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3085228.3085236","url":null,"abstract":"Interagency collaboration and information sharing in the public sector is a complex enterprise laden with risks. In this type of environment, past studies find that trust is key to the success of inter-organizational information sharing (IIS) initiatives. Based on a review of current literature and a national survey conducted in the US, this paper quantitatively explores the role of trust in mediating the relationship between multiple variables and the success in IIS. Overall, we found that trust is significant in mediating the relationships among four determinants of IIS success, namely: a) effective communication, b) clarity about their roles and responsibilities and expectations about other participants' roles and responsibilities, c) competence inferred from past experiences, and d) judicious exercise of formal authority, which reduces participants' uncertainty and anxiety about the project. Furthermore, our analysis indicates that the role of trust in mediating the relationships depends on how success is measured in an IIS project. Testing the roles that trust plays through statistical analysis makes an important contribution to the literature, as well as to government practice.","PeriodicalId":416111,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"310 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115860676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mobile technologies are growing rapidly in all countries, but they are particularly important for developing countries. Since more and more citizens are using cell phones and other mobile devices, it seems clear that there is an opportunity for government agencies to provide information and services using these technologies. Despite the relative success of some growing applications and the great number of mobile phones, mobile government has not evolved as one of the main channels for interacting with citizens. Aiming to understand the configuration of mobile government projects in practice, our research question is: how environment, structure, leadership, strategy and sustainability configure and interact in mobile government business models? The research has a qualitative character with multiple cases studies based on the analysis of twenty Mobile Government Projects using short message service (SMS) in the government of Paraná, Brazil. The life cycles of the twenty cases were identified and represented, from the birth to the survival phase. The major contribution of this paper is proposing a Dynamic Business Model for Mobile Government using SMS technology, based on the phases of the project life cycle.
{"title":"Understanding the Potential of Mobile Government in Developing Countries: The Case of Short Message Service (SMS) Use by a Brazilian State Government","authors":"B. Lanza, J. Ramon Gil-Garcia, F. Gimenez","doi":"10.1145/3085228.3085317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3085228.3085317","url":null,"abstract":"Mobile technologies are growing rapidly in all countries, but they are particularly important for developing countries. Since more and more citizens are using cell phones and other mobile devices, it seems clear that there is an opportunity for government agencies to provide information and services using these technologies. Despite the relative success of some growing applications and the great number of mobile phones, mobile government has not evolved as one of the main channels for interacting with citizens. Aiming to understand the configuration of mobile government projects in practice, our research question is: how environment, structure, leadership, strategy and sustainability configure and interact in mobile government business models? The research has a qualitative character with multiple cases studies based on the analysis of twenty Mobile Government Projects using short message service (SMS) in the government of Paraná, Brazil. The life cycles of the twenty cases were identified and represented, from the birth to the survival phase. The major contribution of this paper is proposing a Dynamic Business Model for Mobile Government using SMS technology, based on the phases of the project life cycle.","PeriodicalId":416111,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114472242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Session details: Social Media and Government","authors":"Andrea L. Kavanaugh, R. Sandoval","doi":"10.1145/3247591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3247591","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":416111,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115415748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
During some rounds of nuclear negotiations between the world powers and Iran, we noticed a situation in which some Twitter users were seemingly trying to disengage people from the flow of latest news about the most trending negotiation's hashtag, "#IranTalks". We recorded and sampled the tweets containing this hashtag on a random basis. We then marked the disengaging tweets based on some criteria and recorded the accounts responsible for these tweets in a list. Then, we applied social and organizational network analysis techniques and found strong evidence for the existence of a networked organization through which the accounts responsible for such tweeting behavior are connected. We believe the results of this study can stimulate more research about this social and organizational phenomenon and its possible impacts.
{"title":"A Research Agenda for Distributed Hashtag Spoiling: Tails of a Survived Trending Hashtag","authors":"M. Najafabadi","doi":"10.1145/3085228.3085273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3085228.3085273","url":null,"abstract":"During some rounds of nuclear negotiations between the world powers and Iran, we noticed a situation in which some Twitter users were seemingly trying to disengage people from the flow of latest news about the most trending negotiation's hashtag, \"#IranTalks\". We recorded and sampled the tweets containing this hashtag on a random basis. We then marked the disengaging tweets based on some criteria and recorded the accounts responsible for these tweets in a list. Then, we applied social and organizational network analysis techniques and found strong evidence for the existence of a networked organization through which the accounts responsible for such tweeting behavior are connected. We believe the results of this study can stimulate more research about this social and organizational phenomenon and its possible impacts.","PeriodicalId":416111,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"129 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126742257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Open data-driven organizations compete in a complex and uncertain environment with growing global competition, changing and emerging demand and market, and increasing levels of analytical tools and technology. For these organizations to exploit open data for competitive advantage, they need to develop the requisite competitive capabilities. This article presents an open data competitive capability framework grounded in theory and practice of open data. Based on extant literature and insights from domain experts, we identify and describe four dimensions of competitive capabilities required for open data driven organizations. We argue that by implementing the proposed framework, organizations can increase their chances to favorably compete in their respective markets. We further argue that by understanding open government data as a strategic resource for enterprises, government as producers or suppliers of this resource become key partners to data-driven organizations.
{"title":"Competitive Capability Framework for Open Government Data Organizations","authors":"Fatemeh Ahmadi Zeleti, A. Ojo","doi":"10.1145/3085228.3085280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3085228.3085280","url":null,"abstract":"Open data-driven organizations compete in a complex and uncertain environment with growing global competition, changing and emerging demand and market, and increasing levels of analytical tools and technology. For these organizations to exploit open data for competitive advantage, they need to develop the requisite competitive capabilities. This article presents an open data competitive capability framework grounded in theory and practice of open data. Based on extant literature and insights from domain experts, we identify and describe four dimensions of competitive capabilities required for open data driven organizations. We argue that by implementing the proposed framework, organizations can increase their chances to favorably compete in their respective markets. We further argue that by understanding open government data as a strategic resource for enterprises, government as producers or suppliers of this resource become key partners to data-driven organizations.","PeriodicalId":416111,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125088319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Open data have tremendous potential which however remains unexploited. A large part of open data is numerical and highly structured. We concentrate on those data and capitalize on linked open data (LOD) as the underlying technology. In this paper, we present a number of tools to facilitate publishing and reusing of linked open statistical data. We propose an architecture and implementation that allows developing custom visualization and analysis tools without knowledge of LOD technologies. We further present work towards deploying relevant tools in six different countries to improve decision-making and transparency and thus support public administration.
{"title":"Visualizing Linked Open Statistical Data to Support Public Administration","authors":"E. Tambouris, E. Kalampokis, K. Tarabanis","doi":"10.1145/3085228.3085304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3085228.3085304","url":null,"abstract":"Open data have tremendous potential which however remains unexploited. A large part of open data is numerical and highly structured. We concentrate on those data and capitalize on linked open data (LOD) as the underlying technology. In this paper, we present a number of tools to facilitate publishing and reusing of linked open statistical data. We propose an architecture and implementation that allows developing custom visualization and analysis tools without knowledge of LOD technologies. We further present work towards deploying relevant tools in six different countries to improve decision-making and transparency and thus support public administration.","PeriodicalId":416111,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130487586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. A. R. Gómez, J. I. Criado, José Ramón Gil-García
Open Government (OG) is pushing towards an important change in terms of how we currently understand public management. Recently, OG has attracted the attention of multiple actors from within the governmental sphere and beyond. However, little is known about how this new paradigm is evolving. For the development of this investigation, we surveyed all Spanish municipalities with more than 50,000 inhabitants and asked about the level of association of selected concepts with OG. We carried out an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to determine the factors in which the concepts are grouped. This led us to determine the existence of three perspectives from which local governments are developing and implementing OG: a) democratic values of coresponsibility, b) technological innovation, and c) availability and access to information.
{"title":"Public Managers' Perceptions about Open Government: A Factor Analysis of Concepts and Values","authors":"E. A. R. Gómez, J. I. Criado, José Ramón Gil-García","doi":"10.1145/3085228.3085248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3085228.3085248","url":null,"abstract":"Open Government (OG) is pushing towards an important change in terms of how we currently understand public management. Recently, OG has attracted the attention of multiple actors from within the governmental sphere and beyond. However, little is known about how this new paradigm is evolving. For the development of this investigation, we surveyed all Spanish municipalities with more than 50,000 inhabitants and asked about the level of association of selected concepts with OG. We carried out an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to determine the factors in which the concepts are grouped. This led us to determine the existence of three perspectives from which local governments are developing and implementing OG: a) democratic values of coresponsibility, b) technological innovation, and c) availability and access to information.","PeriodicalId":416111,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133783816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The growth of smart cities is forcing governments to focus their efforts on the increase of public value creation. Based on a literature review of prior research and on a questionnaire about the perception of city practitioners in European smart cities included in the EUROCITIES network, this paper seeks to analyze the public value creation under the context of the smart cities, examining the model of citizen participation, the responsibility of smart city development and the outcomes to be achieved in smart cities. Results indicate that public value creation surpass the capacities, capabilities, and reaches of their traditional institutions and their classical processes of governing, and therefore new and innovative forms of governance are needed to meet it. This way, the creation of public value under the context of the smart cities is based on smart urban collaboration, which promotes the use of new technologies to adopt a more participative model of governance.
{"title":"Governance Models and Outcomes to Foster Public Value Creation in Smart Cities","authors":"M. Bolívar","doi":"10.1145/3085228.3085310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3085228.3085310","url":null,"abstract":"The growth of smart cities is forcing governments to focus their efforts on the increase of public value creation. Based on a literature review of prior research and on a questionnaire about the perception of city practitioners in European smart cities included in the EUROCITIES network, this paper seeks to analyze the public value creation under the context of the smart cities, examining the model of citizen participation, the responsibility of smart city development and the outcomes to be achieved in smart cities. Results indicate that public value creation surpass the capacities, capabilities, and reaches of their traditional institutions and their classical processes of governing, and therefore new and innovative forms of governance are needed to meet it. This way, the creation of public value under the context of the smart cities is based on smart urban collaboration, which promotes the use of new technologies to adopt a more participative model of governance.","PeriodicalId":416111,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129475721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Session details: Innovation & Transformations","authors":"Soon Ae Chun","doi":"10.1145/3247593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3247593","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":416111,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"131 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133118492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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