In this paper, we identify the essential organizational characteristics of local government that are crucial for smart urban governance. To do, we conducted a systematic review of 96 articles on this theme. Through a qualitative analysis of these articles, we identified three main characteristics. The first is that governance is related to the nature of the relationship among individuals, interest groups, institutions, and government. It can be participative, collaborative or co-creative, and its mechanisms can be online, offline or a combination of both. The second is assets, which are useful or valuable elements providing support to smart urban governance projects in the form of funding, technology and human capital. The third includes management, involving elements of strategy and the positioning of local public administration, such as suitability in a legal context, vision and leadership, principles, project design, communication, strategy and also organizational and cultural elements.
{"title":"Identifying Essential Organizational Characteristics for Smart Urban Governance","authors":"Erico Przeybilovicz, M. A. Cunha, Z. Tomor","doi":"10.1145/3085228.3085281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3085228.3085281","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we identify the essential organizational characteristics of local government that are crucial for smart urban governance. To do, we conducted a systematic review of 96 articles on this theme. Through a qualitative analysis of these articles, we identified three main characteristics. The first is that governance is related to the nature of the relationship among individuals, interest groups, institutions, and government. It can be participative, collaborative or co-creative, and its mechanisms can be online, offline or a combination of both. The second is assets, which are useful or valuable elements providing support to smart urban governance projects in the form of funding, technology and human capital. The third includes management, involving elements of strategy and the positioning of local public administration, such as suitability in a legal context, vision and leadership, principles, project design, communication, strategy and also organizational and cultural elements.","PeriodicalId":416111,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127257411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Accurate, timely, and useful budget information is critical for government and citizens to make the right budget choices to democratically govern budget operations, and address long-term fiscal challenges. While governments have increasingly adopted the concept of open government data (OGD) for greater government transparency and citizen engagement, the application of the OGD concept to enhancing government budget transparency is understudied. This paper examines online budget transparency innovation in government. First, we develop a normative public value framework for budget transparency. Second, this framework is applied to guide our empirical cross-case analysis of the reported best and worst U.S. state governments regarding the provision of online budget transparency websites. The results of our analysis challenge existing conceptual frameworks for budget transparency, which fail to recognize the important role of citizens in creating greater public value. More research is needed on online budget transparency innovation, with a focus on public value creation.
{"title":"Online Budget Transparency Innovation in Government: A Case Study of the U.S. State Governments","authors":"C. Reddick, A. Chatfield, G. Cid","doi":"10.1145/3085228.3085271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3085228.3085271","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate, timely, and useful budget information is critical for government and citizens to make the right budget choices to democratically govern budget operations, and address long-term fiscal challenges. While governments have increasingly adopted the concept of open government data (OGD) for greater government transparency and citizen engagement, the application of the OGD concept to enhancing government budget transparency is understudied. This paper examines online budget transparency innovation in government. First, we develop a normative public value framework for budget transparency. Second, this framework is applied to guide our empirical cross-case analysis of the reported best and worst U.S. state governments regarding the provision of online budget transparency websites. The results of our analysis challenge existing conceptual frameworks for budget transparency, which fail to recognize the important role of citizens in creating greater public value. More research is needed on online budget transparency innovation, with a focus on public value creation.","PeriodicalId":416111,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126731933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many researchers of open government data raised the question as to whether transparency also promotes accountability. Concerning the unclear relationship between transparency and accountability, this case study first develops the conception of accountability in the context of open government and finds that accountability relates to the organizational need for an assessment of policy goals. This paper then examines the process in which a state health agency implements data visualization tools in an attempt to enhance the outcome of its open data policy goals. Drawing on the results from semi-structured interviews with a diverse set of internal users at the state agency, this case study provides some evidence as to how the gap between transparency and accountability can be closed at the organizational level. It also finds that data intermediaries can help government agencies overcome their resource constraints by critically assessing data usability while providing the technological expertise to align their open data policy goals with user expectations. Future research is necessary to examine the role of data intermediaries in wider open data ecosystems including multiple external stakeholders.
{"title":"Understanding Transparency and Accountability in Open Government Ecosystems: The Case of Health Data Visualizations in a State Government","authors":"Sora Park, J. Ramon Gil-Garcia","doi":"10.1145/3085228.3085318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3085228.3085318","url":null,"abstract":"Many researchers of open government data raised the question as to whether transparency also promotes accountability. Concerning the unclear relationship between transparency and accountability, this case study first develops the conception of accountability in the context of open government and finds that accountability relates to the organizational need for an assessment of policy goals. This paper then examines the process in which a state health agency implements data visualization tools in an attempt to enhance the outcome of its open data policy goals. Drawing on the results from semi-structured interviews with a diverse set of internal users at the state agency, this case study provides some evidence as to how the gap between transparency and accountability can be closed at the organizational level. It also finds that data intermediaries can help government agencies overcome their resource constraints by critically assessing data usability while providing the technological expertise to align their open data policy goals with user expectations. Future research is necessary to examine the role of data intermediaries in wider open data ecosystems including multiple external stakeholders.","PeriodicalId":416111,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130210475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Session details: Organizational Factors","authors":"Jing Zhang, Yu-Che Chen, Lei Zheng","doi":"10.1145/3247597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3247597","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":416111,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130211975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Civic engagement in public decision-making requires that people form opinions or judgments based on the insights and knowledge around a public issue. Such knowledge is often not easily accessible by citizens because information about a policy issue tends to be scattered and buried in large and complex sources of potentially diluted and messy data. This creates information barriers that prevent ordinary citizens from effectively participating in government issues. We present an approach to addressing this problem that involves crystallizing the bits and pieces of knowledge scattered in the data into a form of knowledge that is well-framed, compact, and trustworthy to the citizens. This approach is articulated as a knowledge crystallization framework that specify the goals and processes of crystallizing policy knowledge. Following this framework, we present a concrete process, community issue review (CIR), that can be practiced as public decision analysis tools in a variety of community contexts. We implemented and used CIR in evaluating a real community proposal and observed the positive impact on the level of engagement. In the same time, we received feedback on how the CIR process and the supporting technology can be improved or be made more flexible to support best practices.
{"title":"Community Issue Review: Crystallizing Knowledge for Encouraging Civic Engagement","authors":"Feng Sun, Guoray Cai","doi":"10.1145/3085228.3085293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3085228.3085293","url":null,"abstract":"Civic engagement in public decision-making requires that people form opinions or judgments based on the insights and knowledge around a public issue. Such knowledge is often not easily accessible by citizens because information about a policy issue tends to be scattered and buried in large and complex sources of potentially diluted and messy data. This creates information barriers that prevent ordinary citizens from effectively participating in government issues. We present an approach to addressing this problem that involves crystallizing the bits and pieces of knowledge scattered in the data into a form of knowledge that is well-framed, compact, and trustworthy to the citizens. This approach is articulated as a knowledge crystallization framework that specify the goals and processes of crystallizing policy knowledge. Following this framework, we present a concrete process, community issue review (CIR), that can be practiced as public decision analysis tools in a variety of community contexts. We implemented and used CIR in evaluating a real community proposal and observed the positive impact on the level of engagement. In the same time, we received feedback on how the CIR process and the supporting technology can be improved or be made more flexible to support best practices.","PeriodicalId":416111,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122238180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Session details: Participation Democracy","authors":"C. Cappelli, Cristiano Maciel, J. V. Filho","doi":"10.1145/3247599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3247599","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":416111,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"173 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122277495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
1 The paper presents the main results of an expert survey aimed at determination the factors impacting e-participation development in Russia. The authors conducted an expert poll and systematized experts' assessments and proposals regarding the list of influencing factors and their strength. The list of the most influential factors and accompanying recommendations will help policy makers in their efforts to strengthen e-participation. Russian Federation has been selected as a typical case of a developing country attempting to follow international trends in e-participation development while facing considerable barriers and institutional traps. That is why the obtained results may be of interest to other Eurasian Union countries.
{"title":"E-Participation Development Factors: the Results of an Expert Survey","authors":"L. Bershadskaya, D. Trutnev, Evgenii Vidiasov","doi":"10.1145/3085228.3085262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3085228.3085262","url":null,"abstract":"1 The paper presents the main results of an expert survey aimed at determination the factors impacting e-participation development in Russia. The authors conducted an expert poll and systematized experts' assessments and proposals regarding the list of influencing factors and their strength. The list of the most influential factors and accompanying recommendations will help policy makers in their efforts to strengthen e-participation. Russian Federation has been selected as a typical case of a developing country attempting to follow international trends in e-participation development while facing considerable barriers and institutional traps. That is why the obtained results may be of interest to other Eurasian Union countries.","PeriodicalId":416111,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127898093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Session details: Beyond Bureaucracy","authors":"Cyril Velikano","doi":"10.1145/3247604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3247604","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":416111,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114793467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Session details: Smart Cities","authors":"Sehl Mellouli, Y. Arens","doi":"10.1145/3247601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3247601","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":416111,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132784179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study analyzes the policy changes that take place even though internal institutions and external environments are stable. It tracks the answer to a couple of questions: Does the content of economic policy direction change every year in a more stable macroeconomic environment? If it changes, how can this be explained by theory? To investigate these changes, Korean annual economic policy direction reports released from the Ministry of the Interior were collected. Through text mining and correspondence analysis, the words in the reports over 16 years (from 2001 to 2016) were examined. The analytical results show that policy elites constantly compete to influence the policy package by putting themselves in the past to maintain and acquire legitimate authority while responding to the government's needs for creative innovation and change.
{"title":"Who is Competing with Policy Idea?: Tracking Creative Innovation and Change in Korean Government","authors":"Eunmi Lee, Dongwook Kim","doi":"10.1145/3085228.3085289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3085228.3085289","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyzes the policy changes that take place even though internal institutions and external environments are stable. It tracks the answer to a couple of questions: Does the content of economic policy direction change every year in a more stable macroeconomic environment? If it changes, how can this be explained by theory? To investigate these changes, Korean annual economic policy direction reports released from the Ministry of the Interior were collected. Through text mining and correspondence analysis, the words in the reports over 16 years (from 2001 to 2016) were examined. The analytical results show that policy elites constantly compete to influence the policy package by putting themselves in the past to maintain and acquire legitimate authority while responding to the government's needs for creative innovation and change.","PeriodicalId":416111,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"207 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132606911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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