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An Empirical Research on Study Success in Times of COVID-19 Pandemic - a Case Study 新冠肺炎大流行时期学习成功的实证研究——以个案为例
Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.7250/csimq.2021-29.02
C. Voigt, Jonas Kötter, Natallia Kukharenka
The COVID-19 pandemic and measures to contain it pushed many universities to switch to online learning in the spring of 2020. The changes took place very quickly and it became clear that the long-term consequences of such a transformation are uncertain and require more detailed study. This research attempts to analyze the impact of online learning on study success. This research makes use of a triangulation with quantitative and qualitative methods. Quantitatively, it contains path diagram with various factors that have an impact on the study success at a German university, which is based on a quantitative online survey with 1.529 participants. Qualitatively, 49 interviews were analyzed in order to identify reasons for the risk of failing to achieve study success. The relevance of technology becomes evident in the quantitative analysis, as it manifests itself in almost all categories that affect study success. Moreover, a new influencing factor appeared, the “adaption to digital teaching”, which was often considered important qualitatively.
2020年春季,新冠肺炎疫情及其防控措施促使许多大学转向在线学习。这些变化发生得非常快,很明显,这种转变的长期后果是不确定的,需要更详细的研究。本研究试图分析在线学习对学习成功的影响。本研究采用了定量和定性相结合的三角测量法。在数量上,它包含了影响德国一所大学学习成功的各种因素的路径图,这是基于对1.529名参与者的定量在线调查。定性地分析了49个访谈,以确定未能取得学习成功的风险的原因。技术的相关性在定量分析中变得明显,因为它在几乎所有影响学习成功的类别中都表现出来。此外,出现了一个新的影响因素,即“适应数字化教学”,这在定性上往往被认为是重要的。
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引用次数: 0
Development and Demonstrational Instantiation of a Method for the Structured Content Analysis of Smartphone Apps 智能手机应用程序结构化内容分析方法的开发与示范实例化
Pub Date : 2021-10-31 DOI: 10.7250/csimq.2021-28.02
T. Weiß, Susanne Strahringer
The publication discusses the adaptation of dedicated known methods for structured content analysis for the usage of smartphone apps, taking into account the specifics of these dynamic media types and resulting consequences for the procedure and content rating. The background is the increasing popularity of apps and the growing demand for precise analysis of the status quo regarding the content and functions of apps on the market, esp. within design-oriented business informatics. Within the literature, no uniform, comparable and systematic approach to this could be identified so far. Therefore, an existing standard for the evaluation of apps from the medical context has been adapted for general application to apps. This provides a helpful procedure for researchers, practitioners, and students and ensures consistency across studies. The feasibility of the proposed method and assessment standard were confirmed by a successful demonstrational instantiation based on an app review of energy information systems for private customers.
该出版物讨论了针对智能手机应用程序使用的结构化内容分析的专用已知方法的适应性,考虑到这些动态媒体类型的细节以及对程序和内容评级的结果。背景是应用程序的日益普及,以及对市场上应用程序的内容和功能现状进行精确分析的需求日益增长,特别是在面向设计的商业信息学中。在文献中,到目前为止还没有统一的、可比较的和系统的方法来确定这一点。因此,现有的医疗应用程序评估标准已经适用于一般应用程序。这为研究人员、从业人员和学生提供了一个有用的程序,并确保了研究的一致性。通过对私人客户能源信息系统的应用程序审查,成功验证了所提出方法和评估标准的可行性。
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引用次数: 0
Applicability of Blockchain Technology in Securities Settlement 区块链技术在证券结算中的适用性
Pub Date : 2021-10-31 DOI: 10.7250/csimq.2021-28.03
Janis Bauvars
Technological advancements are often adopted to financial markets to improve their operations and safety. Blockchain technology has been recognized as one of the potential technologies to be utilized in capital markets. The goal of this article is to evaluate the applicability of using the blockchain technology in securities settlement process. First, the theoretical background of blockchain technology is reviewed and the current financial market infrastructure is examined. Then Central Securities Depositories Regulation and the current securities settlement processes are examined. Blockchain applicability framework designed by Gourisetti, Mylrea and Patangia is applied to assess the blockchain technology’s applicability to securities settlement. The results suggest that blockchain technology can be applied to securities settlement, and the used blockchain type should be a private blockchain with Proof-of-Authority consensus mechanism. A blockchain architecture model, based on a model provided by Zhuang, Chen, Shae and Shyu, and potential node structure for securities settlement are developed, taking into account the existing literature on blockchain technology, financial markets, and Central Securities Depositories Regulation. The proposed blockchain architecture model and node structure are then evaluated against scholar expected benefits and drawbacks of using blockchain for securities settlement and cross-border settlement efficiency. The evaluation reveals that the proposed blockchain technology model can potentially improve some of the current securities settlement issues, such as costly reconciliation and difficult cross-border securities settlement. At the same time, using blockchain technology in securities settlement would be challenging because the practical implementation time would be long and would require market-wide commitment. The main artefacts of this article are the proposed blockchain architecture model and node structure that would allow securities settlement processes to be executed using blockchain technology.
金融市场经常采用技术进步来改善其运作和安全。区块链技术已被公认为是资本市场的潜在技术之一。本文的目的是评估在证券结算过程中使用区块链技术的适用性。首先,回顾了区块链技术的理论背景,考察了当前的金融市场基础设施。然后,中央证券存管监管和目前的证券结算流程进行了审查。采用Gourisetti、Mylrea和Patangia设计的区块链适用性框架,评估区块链技术对证券结算的适用性。结果表明,区块链技术可以应用于证券结算,使用的区块链类型应该是具有权威证明共识机制的私有区块链。考虑到区块链技术、金融市场和中央证券存管监管方面的现有文献,基于庄、陈、Shae和Shyu提供的模型,开发了区块链架构模型和潜在的证券结算节点结构。然后根据学者预期的使用区块链进行证券结算和跨境结算效率的利弊,对提出的区块链架构模型和节点结构进行了评估。评估显示,拟议的区块链技术模型可以潜在地改善当前的一些证券结算问题,例如对账成本高和跨境证券结算困难。与此同时,在证券结算中使用区块链技术将具有挑战性,因为实际实施时间将很长,并且需要整个市场的承诺。本文的主要工件是提议的区块链架构模型和节点结构,该模型和节点结构将允许使用区块链技术执行证券结算流程。
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引用次数: 2
Selected Topics on Advanced Methods in Complex Systems Research: Editorial Introduction to Issue 28 of CSIMQ 复杂系统研究中的先进方法:CSIMQ第28期编辑介绍
Pub Date : 2021-10-31 DOI: 10.7250/csimq.2021-28.00
Erika Nazaruka
The articles, which have been recommended by reviewers for this issue of CSIMQ, present contributions in evaluation of application of the advanced means for evaluation, monitoring and modification of complex systems and similar content mobile applications. The focus of the presented articles is on the adaptation of the above-described means for new contexts and challenges.
这些文章是由审稿人推荐给本期CSIMQ的,在评估复杂系统和类似内容的移动应用程序的先进评估、监测和修改手段的应用方面做出了贡献。本文的重点是如何使上述方法适应新的环境和挑战。
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引用次数: 0
Quality Assurance in Big Data Engineering - A Metareview 大数据工程中的质量保证-一个元视图
Pub Date : 2021-10-31 DOI: 10.7250/csimq.2021-28.01
D. Staegemann, M. Volk, K. Turowski
With a continuously increasing amount and complexity of data being produced and captured, traditional ways of dealing with their storing, processing, analysis and presentation are no longer sufficient, which has led to the emergence of the concept of big data. However, not only the implementation of the corresponding applications is a challenging task, but also the proper quality assurance. To facilitate the latter, in this publication, a comprehensive structured literature metareview on the topic of big data quality assurance is presented. The results will provide interested researchers and practitioners with a solid foundation for their own quality assurance related endeavors and therefore help in advancing the cause of quality assurance in big data as well as the domain of big data in general. Furthermore, based on the findings of the review, worthwhile directions for future research were identified, providing prospective authors with some guidance in this complex environment.
随着产生和捕获的数据量和复杂性的不断增加,传统的存储、处理、分析和呈现方式已经不够用,这导致了大数据概念的出现。然而,不仅实现相应的应用程序是一项具有挑战性的任务,而且还需要适当的质量保证。为了促进后者,在本出版物中,提出了关于大数据质量保证主题的全面结构化文献元综述。研究结果将为感兴趣的研究人员和从业者提供一个坚实的基础,为他们自己的质量保证相关的工作,从而有助于推进大数据质量保证事业,以及一般的大数据领域。在此基础上,提出了未来有价值的研究方向,为未来的作者在复杂的环境中提供一些指导。
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引用次数: 3
Using i* and UML for Blockchain Oriented Software Engineering: Strengths, Weaknesses, Lacks and Complementarity 在面向区块链的软件工程中使用i*和UML:优势、劣势、不足和互补性
Pub Date : 2021-04-30 DOI: 10.7250/csimq.2021-26.02
Anne Sofie Vingerhoets, Samedi Heng, Yves Wautelet
New blockchain-based projects do appear every day. The technology has indeed been popularized by cryptocurrencies but is now gaining interest in various domains and new types of applications are evaluated constantly. Understanding the impact of blockchain adoption on the organization and the internals of blockchain-related behavior nevertheless remains a challenge for managers but also for IT professionals. This article studies how two existing organizational and software modeling languages can be fit to document a blockchain development project in Supply Chain Management (SCM) at its earliest stages. These two frameworks are i* on the one side and the Unified Modeling Language (UML) use case and sequence diagrams on the other side. The real life project used as a case study in this application is ‘Farm-to-Fork’ where a blockchain solution for the Supply Chain (SC) of farm animals is developed. The application of the frameworks is intended to identify their strengths and weaknesses. An extension of i* is proposed to deal with blockchain privacy issues as well as laws and norms. We finally point to the complementarity of i* and UML use case and sequence diagrams in a Blockchain-Oriented Software Engineering (BOSE) context. The i* framework indeed supports early requirements to understand the impact of the project on stakeholders while UML use case and sequence diagrams support the late requirements and the design by depicting the use of blockchain and some of its behavioral mechanisms.
每天都有新的基于区块链的项目出现。该技术确实是由加密货币推广的,但现在正在各个领域获得兴趣,并且不断评估新型应用程序。然而,了解区块链采用对组织的影响以及区块链相关行为的内部,对管理人员和IT专业人员来说仍然是一个挑战。本文研究了两种现有的组织和软件建模语言如何适合于在供应链管理(SCM)的早期阶段记录区块链开发项目。这两个框架一边是i*,另一边是统一建模语言(UML)用例和序列图。在本应用程序中用作案例研究的现实生活项目是“农场到餐桌”,其中开发了农场动物供应链(SC)的区块链解决方案。框架的应用旨在确定它们的优点和缺点。提出了i*的扩展,以处理区块链隐私问题以及法律和规范。我们最后指出了i*和UML用例和序列图在面向区块链的软件工程(BOSE)上下文中的互补性。i*框架确实支持早期需求,以了解项目对涉众的影响,而UML用例和序列图通过描述区块链的使用及其一些行为机制来支持后期需求和设计。
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引用次数: 6
A Method for Assigning Probability Distributions in Attack Simulation Languages 攻击仿真语言中概率分布的分配方法
Pub Date : 2021-04-30 DOI: 10.7250/csimq.2021-26.04
Wenjun Xiong, Simon Hacks, Robert Lagerström
. Cyber attacks on IT and OT systems can have severe consequences for individuals and organizations, from water or energy distribution systems to online banking services. To respond to these threats, attack simulations can be used to assess the cyber security of systems to foster a higher degree of resilience against cyber attacks; the steps taken by an attacker to compromise sensitive system assets can be traced, and a time estimate can be computed from the initial step to the compromise of assets of interest. Previously, the Meta Attack Language (MAL) was introduced as a framework to develop security-oriented domain-specific languages. It allows attack simulations on modeled systems and analyzes weaknesses related to known attacks. To produce more realistic simulation results, probability distributions can be assigned to attack steps and defenses to describe the efforts required for attackers to exploit certain attack steps. However, research on assessing such probability distributions is scarce, and we often rely on security experts to model attackers’ efforts. To address this gap, we propose a method to assign probability distributions to the attack steps and defenses of MAL-based languages. We demonstrate the proposed method by assigning probability distributions to a MAL-based language. Finally, the resulting language is evaluated by modeling and simulating a known cyber attack.
. 对IT和OT系统的网络攻击可能对个人和组织造成严重后果,从水或能源分配系统到网上银行服务。为了应对这些威胁,攻击模拟可用于评估系统的网络安全,以培养更高程度的抵御网络攻击的弹性;可以跟踪攻击者泄露敏感系统资产的步骤,并可以计算出从初始步骤到泄露目标资产的时间估计。在此之前,元攻击语言(MAL)是作为开发面向安全的领域特定语言的框架而引入的。它允许对建模系统进行攻击模拟,并分析与已知攻击相关的弱点。为了产生更真实的模拟结果,可以将概率分布分配给攻击步骤和防御,以描述攻击者利用某些攻击步骤所需的努力。然而,评估这种概率分布的研究很少,我们经常依靠安全专家来模拟攻击者的努力。为了解决这一差距,我们提出了一种方法来为基于mal的语言的攻击步骤和防御分配概率分布。我们通过将概率分布分配给基于mal的语言来演示所提出的方法。最后,通过建模和模拟已知的网络攻击来评估生成的语言。
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引用次数: 13
Towards Using Sensors as Data Sources in Teaching: Requirements for School Curricula-Compatible Sensors 在教学中使用传感器作为数据源:对学校课程兼容传感器的要求
Pub Date : 2021-04-30 DOI: 10.7250/csimq.2021-26.05
Mubashrah Saddiqa, M. Kirikova, Rikke Magnussen, Birger Larsen, J. Pedersen
The continuous innovation in modern technologies in various sectors of society has transformed everyday life. It becomes imperative for the educational community to equip the future generation with digital skills. In this article, using qualitative and quantitative research techniques, we define criteria for school curricula-compatible sensors (particularly, for secondary school students in grades 5 through 9). We also develop requirements models for sensor classes that satisfy the school curricula compatibility criteria using requirements engineering techniques. The results show that integrating sensors into schools can improve students’ digital and data skills. Additionally, requirements models can help in developing school curricula-compatible sensors or transforming existing sensors into curricula-compatible sensors.
现代技术在社会各个领域的不断创新已经改变了人们的日常生活。教育界必须让下一代具备数码技能。在本文中,使用定性和定量研究技术,我们定义了学校课程兼容传感器的标准(特别是针对五年级到九年级的中学生)。我们还使用需求工程技术开发了满足学校课程兼容标准的传感器类需求模型。结果表明,将传感器集成到学校可以提高学生的数字和数据技能。此外,需求模型可以帮助开发与学校课程兼容的传感器或将现有传感器转换为与课程兼容的传感器。
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引用次数: 2
An Introduction to Decentralized Finance (DeFi) 去中心化金融(DeFi)简介
Pub Date : 2021-04-30 DOI: 10.7250/csimq.2021-26.03
Johannes Rude Jensen, Victor von Wachter, Omri Ross
. Decentralized financial applications (DeFi) are a new breed of consumer-facing financial applications composed as smart contracts, deployed on permissionless blockchain technologies. In this article, we situate the DeFi concept in the theoretical context of permissionless blockchain technology and provide a taxonomical overview of agents, incentives and risks. We examine the key market categories and use-cases for DeFi applications today and identify four key risk groups for potential stakeholders contemplating the advantages of decentralized financial applications. We contribute novel insights into a rapidly emerging field, with far-reaching implications for the financial services.
. 去中心化金融应用程序(DeFi)是一种面向消费者的新型金融应用程序,由智能合约组成,部署在无需许可的区块链技术上。在本文中,我们将DeFi概念置于无权限区块链技术的理论背景下,并对代理、激励和风险进行分类概述。我们研究了DeFi应用程序的主要市场类别和用例,并为考虑分散金融应用程序优势的潜在利益相关者确定了四个关键风险组。我们对这个快速崛起的领域提供了新颖的见解,对金融服务具有深远的影响。
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引用次数: 32
Selected Topics on Business Information Systems Research: Editorial Introduction to Issue 26 of CSIMQ 商业信息系统研究专题:CSIMQ第26期编辑导论
Pub Date : 2021-04-30 DOI: 10.7250/csimq.2021-26.00
Ben Roelens
Business Information Systems research deals with the conceptualization, development, introduction, maintenance and utilization of systems for computer-assisted information processing within companies and enterprise-wide networks [1, p.1]. This CSIMQ issue contains five articles that deal with various information system (IS) issues, including IS security, product-related ISs, blockchain technology and sensor technology. The call for this issue was particularly targeted towards extended articles of two workshops that were held in conjunction with the 13th IFIP WG 8.1 working conference on the Practice of Enterprise Modelling. The first is the BES 2020 workshop (i.e., 1st Workshop on Blockchain and Enterprise Systems), which has the ambition to change the way one thinks, designs and implements ISs. The second one is ManComp 2020 (i.e., 5th Workshop on Managed Complexity), which is focused on approaches and methods for managing the complexity of ISs and IS interaction within ecosystems. • The first article is written by Julia Kaidalova, Kurt Sandkuhl and Ulf Seigerroth and is titled Product-IT inclusive Enterprise ArchitectureManagement: An Approach based on Ecosystems, Customer Journey and Data-driven Business Opportunities. This article is focused on IS components that are integrated into smart connected products, which are used by an enterprise for value creation and delivery. The contribution of the article is methodological support for integrating those smart products within Enterprise Architecture. The contribution is based on TOGAF and ArchiMate, which are two standards in the Enterprise Architecture field. • The second is authored by Anne Sofie Vingerhoets, Samedi Heng and Yves Wautelet and is titled Using i* and UML for Blockchain Oriented Software Engineering: Strengths, Weaknesses, Lacks and Complementarity. This contribution is an extended BES 2020workshop paper that studies how i* and UML can be used to document a blockchain development project in Supply Chain Management. These models are applied in the context of a real-life case study called ‘Farm-to-Fork’ where a blockchain solution for the supply chain of farm animals is developed. This enables to compare the strengths and weaknesses of the languages used. • The third contribution is a short article that is written by Johannes Rude Jensen, Victor von Wachter and Omri Ross and is titled An Introduction to Decentralized Finance (DeFi). This
商业信息系统研究涉及公司和企业范围网络内计算机辅助信息处理系统的概念化、开发、引进、维护和利用[1,页1]。本期CSIMQ包含五篇文章,涉及各种信息系统(IS)问题,包括IS安全,产品相关的IS,区块链技术和传感器技术。针对这一问题的呼吁特别针对与第13届IFIP WG 8.1企业建模实践工作会议同时举行的两个研讨会的扩展文章。第一个是BES 2020研讨会(即第一届区块链和企业系统研讨会),其目标是改变人们思考、设计和实施区块链的方式。第二个是ManComp 2020(即第五届管理复杂性研讨会),其重点是管理生态系统内ISs和is相互作用复杂性的方法和方法。•第一篇文章由Julia Kaidalova、Kurt Sandkuhl和Ulf Seigerroth撰写,题为“产品- it包容性企业架构管理:基于生态系统、客户旅程和数据驱动的商业机会的方法”。本文主要关注集成到智能连接产品中的is组件,这些组件被企业用于价值创造和交付。本文的贡献在于为在企业架构中集成这些智能产品提供了方法上的支持。该贡献基于TOGAF和ArchiMate,这是企业架构领域的两个标准。•第二本书由Anne Sofie Vingerhoets, Samedi Heng和Yves Wautelet撰写,标题为使用i*和UML进行面向区块链的软件工程:优势,劣势,不足和互补性。这是一篇扩展的BES 2020研讨会论文,研究了如何使用i*和UML来记录供应链管理中的区块链开发项目。这些模型应用于一个名为“农场到餐桌”的现实案例研究中,该案例研究为农场动物供应链开发了区块链解决方案。这样就可以比较所使用语言的优缺点。•第三份贡献是由Johannes Rude Jensen、Victor von Wachter和Omri Ross撰写的一篇短文,题为《去中心化金融简介》(DeFi)。这
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引用次数: 0
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Complex Syst. Informatics Model. Q.
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