The topic of pain and suffering is complex and requires a holistic vision. This article begins by clarifying concepts to understand pain as a biological, psychological, and social phenomenon that has an evolutionary history whose maximum expression arises in humans. Established this common ground, it explores altruism and animal cooperation as incipient phenomena of care for the other, though contextual. Then it points out that the difference with humans is that they perceive caring for the weak, innocent, and marginalized as a moral duty and a path of personal flourishing. Finally, in the face of human weakness and from Christian theology, God shows with deeds a path of care for the weak by making himself weak, suffering and remaining innocent.
{"title":"The Perception of Pain and Suffering of the Weak, the Innocent and the Marginalized from Evolution and from Christian Theology","authors":"R. Herce, Sara Lumbreras","doi":"10.12775/setf.2024.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/setf.2024.004","url":null,"abstract":"The topic of pain and suffering is complex and requires a holistic vision. This article begins by clarifying concepts to understand pain as a biological, psychological, and social phenomenon that has an evolutionary history whose maximum expression arises in humans. Established this common ground, it explores altruism and animal cooperation as incipient phenomena of care for the other, though contextual. Then it points out that the difference with humans is that they perceive caring for the weak, innocent, and marginalized as a moral duty and a path of personal flourishing. Finally, in the face of human weakness and from Christian theology, God shows with deeds a path of care for the weak by making himself weak, suffering and remaining innocent.","PeriodicalId":41706,"journal":{"name":"Scientia et Fides","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140727855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Franz Overbeck asocia el eterno retorno con una pasión de Nietzsche por el ideal de lo extremo, una pulsión por las cosas últimas que está relacionada con la noción del superhombre nietzscheano. El objetivo de este artículo es traer a la luz y analizar la comprensión nietzscheana sobre las cosas últimas, partiendo de Overbeck y poniendo de manifiesto la concepción de la escatología cristiana presupuesta en el análisis del resentimiento y del ideal ascético. Explicitar la escatología de la que Nietzsche parte ayudará a profundizar en la doctrina del eterno retorno, explorando cómo pesa en ella la herencia cristiana de la que Nietzsche bebió.
{"title":"The eternal return: an immanent eschatology","authors":"María Guibert Elizalde","doi":"10.12775/setf.2023.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/setf.2023.024","url":null,"abstract":"Franz Overbeck asocia el eterno retorno con una pasión de Nietzsche por el ideal de lo extremo, una pulsión por las cosas últimas que está relacionada con la noción del superhombre nietzscheano. El objetivo de este artículo es traer a la luz y analizar la comprensión nietzscheana sobre las cosas últimas, partiendo de Overbeck y poniendo de manifiesto la concepción de la escatología cristiana presupuesta en el análisis del resentimiento y del ideal ascético. Explicitar la escatología de la que Nietzsche parte ayudará a profundizar en la doctrina del eterno retorno, explorando cómo pesa en ella la herencia cristiana de la que Nietzsche bebió.","PeriodicalId":41706,"journal":{"name":"Scientia et Fides","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135293213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In 1995, Francisco Ayala considered biblical Eve a myth, because a relatively recent single-pair bottleneck is unable to sustain the observed polymorphism of the human immune system. In 2011, Kenneth Kemp showed that Ayala’s conclusion depends on an implicit condition, to wit, that God animates all and only progeny of two animated parents. Here we show that both biology (the polymorphism) and scripture (Eve’s historical existence) are equally saved, upon assuming that God animates all and only progeny of animated mothers. We present three reasons in favor this prima facie rather odd restriction: (i) it solves two long-standing biological riddles; (ii) it explains Eve’s scriptural title of “mother of all living”; and (iii) it fully respects the theology of Christ’s perfect humanity (for His lacking a biological father).
{"title":"Female-Asymmetric Hybrid Animation: Why Eve is Called “Mother of All Living”","authors":"Juleon Schins","doi":"10.12775/setf.2023.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/setf.2023.015","url":null,"abstract":"In 1995, Francisco Ayala considered biblical Eve a myth, because a relatively recent single-pair bottleneck is unable to sustain the observed polymorphism of the human immune system. In 2011, Kenneth Kemp showed that Ayala’s conclusion depends on an implicit condition, to wit, that God animates all and only progeny of two animated parents. Here we show that both biology (the polymorphism) and scripture (Eve’s historical existence) are equally saved, upon assuming that God animates all and only progeny of animated mothers. We present three reasons in favor this prima facie rather odd restriction: (i) it solves two long-standing biological riddles; (ii) it explains Eve’s scriptural title of “mother of all living”; and (iii) it fully respects the theology of Christ’s perfect humanity (for His lacking a biological father).","PeriodicalId":41706,"journal":{"name":"Scientia et Fides","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135293219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Spór o status metodologiczny teologii jest próbą odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy teologia jest nauką. W wyniku tego sporu ukształtowały się trzy główne stanowiska. Zgodnie z pierwszym z nich, teologia nie jest nauką, ponieważ nie spełnia rygorystycznych kryteriów demarkacji. Drugie stanowisko głosi, że teologia jest taką samą nauką, jak każda inna. Za naukowym statusem teologii opowiadają się przede wszystkim sami teologowie. Trzecie stanowisko traktuje teologię jak naukę, ale naukę swoistą (sui generis). Obok tych stanowisk pojawił się głos, że teologię można by z powodzeniem uznać za naukę formalną. Na rzecz takiej koncepcji przemawiają następujące argumenty: wyrażenia dyskursu teologicznego nie mają sensu ejdetycznego, a wyłącznie sens operacyjny; teologia stosuje metody polegające na przyjmowaniu pewnych założeń i wyprowadzaniu z tych założeń wniosków; teologia zajmuje się wyłącznie tekstem; w teologii stosuje się koherencyjną koncepcją prawy. Niniejsza praca jest dyskusją z przedstawioną argumentacją i próbą wykazania braku jej poprawności. Stanowisko sytuujące teologię pośród nauk formalnych ma na celu obronę naukowego statusu teologii w oczach uczonych prezentujących światopogląd ateistyczny lub antyteologiczny. Cena tego „ocalenia” jest jednak bardzo wysoka, ponieważ wiąże się z pozbawieniem teologii tego, do czego ona aspiruje, czyli do formułowania wypowiedzi na temat rzeczywistości.
{"title":"Czy teologia jest nauką formalną?","authors":"Krzysztof Jaworski","doi":"10.12775/setf.2023.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/setf.2023.020","url":null,"abstract":"Spór o status metodologiczny teologii jest próbą odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy teologia jest nauką. W wyniku tego sporu ukształtowały się trzy główne stanowiska. Zgodnie z pierwszym z nich, teologia nie jest nauką, ponieważ nie spełnia rygorystycznych kryteriów demarkacji. Drugie stanowisko głosi, że teologia jest taką samą nauką, jak każda inna. Za naukowym statusem teologii opowiadają się przede wszystkim sami teologowie. Trzecie stanowisko traktuje teologię jak naukę, ale naukę swoistą (sui generis). Obok tych stanowisk pojawił się głos, że teologię można by z powodzeniem uznać za naukę formalną. Na rzecz takiej koncepcji przemawiają następujące argumenty: wyrażenia dyskursu teologicznego nie mają sensu ejdetycznego, a wyłącznie sens operacyjny; teologia stosuje metody polegające na przyjmowaniu pewnych założeń i wyprowadzaniu z tych założeń wniosków; teologia zajmuje się wyłącznie tekstem; w teologii stosuje się koherencyjną koncepcją prawy. Niniejsza praca jest dyskusją z przedstawioną argumentacją i próbą wykazania braku jej poprawności. Stanowisko sytuujące teologię pośród nauk formalnych ma na celu obronę naukowego statusu teologii w oczach uczonych prezentujących światopogląd ateistyczny lub antyteologiczny. Cena tego „ocalenia” jest jednak bardzo wysoka, ponieważ wiąże się z pozbawieniem teologii tego, do czego ona aspiruje, czyli do formułowania wypowiedzi na temat rzeczywistości.","PeriodicalId":41706,"journal":{"name":"Scientia et Fides","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135292631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The fundamental question about the origin of human persons asks for a multidisciplinary approach. Biology and genetics have made remarkable progress in the last two decades. In addition, (pre-) history, philosophy, and anthropology could contribute significantly to a correct solution. Also, the Jewish-Christian tradition could provide elements to the complex puzzle. The present study attempts to show that recent genetic data can be an integrated part of a coherent view of the origin of human persons.
{"title":"The Puzzle of the Origin of Human Persons","authors":"Alfred Driessen","doi":"10.12775/setf.2023.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/setf.2023.016","url":null,"abstract":"The fundamental question about the origin of human persons asks for a multidisciplinary approach. Biology and genetics have made remarkable progress in the last two decades. In addition, (pre-) history, philosophy, and anthropology could contribute significantly to a correct solution. Also, the Jewish-Christian tradition could provide elements to the complex puzzle. The present study attempts to show that recent genetic data can be an integrated part of a coherent view of the origin of human persons.","PeriodicalId":41706,"journal":{"name":"Scientia et Fides","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135293222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this publication, we will use the principal concepts of John of the Cross, the famous mystic of the XVIth century, as a framework to go over, in a non-reductionist way, three challenges in contemporary neuroscience of decision-making. Firstly, the dark night and the purgative paths will be related to discontinuity in decision-making. Secondly, the passive and active paths will be associated to brain plasticity, architecture, and levels of decision. Thirdly, the illumination, which can be felt when a solution is reached, has to do with positive emotions and can be inspired by the science of love of John of the Cross. We shall lastly conclude by emphasizing the usefulness of his work to illuminate the neuroscience of decision-making.
{"title":"Illuminating the Neuroscience of Decision-making Through the Dark Night of John of the Cross","authors":"Armand Savioz, Stephen Perrig","doi":"10.12775/setf.2023.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/setf.2023.026","url":null,"abstract":"In this publication, we will use the principal concepts of John of the Cross, the famous mystic of the XVIth century, as a framework to go over, in a non-reductionist way, three challenges in contemporary neuroscience of decision-making. Firstly, the dark night and the purgative paths will be related to discontinuity in decision-making. Secondly, the passive and active paths will be associated to brain plasticity, architecture, and levels of decision. Thirdly, the illumination, which can be felt when a solution is reached, has to do with positive emotions and can be inspired by the science of love of John of the Cross. We shall lastly conclude by emphasizing the usefulness of his work to illuminate the neuroscience of decision-making.","PeriodicalId":41706,"journal":{"name":"Scientia et Fides","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135292632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L’articolo si propone di esaminare le dimensioni teologiche dell’approccio panpsichista quantistico-informazionale sulla natura, ideato da Giacomo Mauro D’Ariano e da Federico Faggin e basato sull’interpretazione informazionale della fisica quantistica. In particolare, vengono evidenziate le somiglianze e le differenze tra l’Uno di Faggin e il Dio della teologia cristiana e tra la seity umana e l’antropologia teologica cristiana.
本文的目的是研究由Giacomo Mauro d ' ariano和Federico Faggin设计的泛心理量子-信息自然方法的神学维度，该方法基于对量子物理学的信息解释。特别强调了Faggin和基督教神学之神以及人类细胞和基督教神学人类学之间的相似性和差异。
{"title":"Dimensioni teologiche dell’approccio panpsichista quantistico-informazionale sulla natura: un confronto tra la visione di Federico Faggin e la teologia cristiana","authors":"Giovanni Amendola","doi":"10.12775/setf.2023.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/setf.2023.018","url":null,"abstract":"L’articolo si propone di esaminare le dimensioni teologiche dell’approccio panpsichista quantistico-informazionale sulla natura, ideato da Giacomo Mauro D’Ariano e da Federico Faggin e basato sull’interpretazione informazionale della fisica quantistica. In particolare, vengono evidenziate le somiglianze e le differenze tra l’Uno di Faggin e il Dio della teologia cristiana e tra la seity umana e l’antropologia teologica cristiana.","PeriodicalId":41706,"journal":{"name":"Scientia et Fides","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135293221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Working within the framework of Thomistic metaphysics, Mariusz Tabaczek O. P. has developed a version of Catholic theistic evolution that includes speciation, human origins, and the origin of life. He assigns biological evolution to the domain of divine governance rather than that of creatio ex nihilo which only applies to primitive matter and human souls. This article reviews Tabaczek’s work with an emphasis on his argument for the compatibility of hylomorphism and evolutionary change through the eduction of novel substantial forms.
{"title":"Thomistic Hylomorphism and Theistic Evolution","authors":"James R Hofmann","doi":"10.12775/setf.2023.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/setf.2023.025","url":null,"abstract":"Working within the framework of Thomistic metaphysics, Mariusz Tabaczek O. P. has developed a version of Catholic theistic evolution that includes speciation, human origins, and the origin of life. He assigns biological evolution to the domain of divine governance rather than that of creatio ex nihilo which only applies to primitive matter and human souls. This article reviews Tabaczek’s work with an emphasis on his argument for the compatibility of hylomorphism and evolutionary change through the eduction of novel substantial forms.","PeriodicalId":41706,"journal":{"name":"Scientia et Fides","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135293215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper examines some theological reinterpretations of the dogma on the fall and the original condition of man before sin and formulates a proposal that, in accordance with St. Thomas Aquinas’ view, sees in man’s originally holy relationship (original holiness) with God the ‘context’ for the exercise of God’s providential and paternal care for man, which would have protected him from natural evils. It is then shown that the ‘physical-bodily normality’ of the progenitors in such a relational context accords well with both the current scientific understanding of the world and the fundamental theological reasons of dogma.
{"title":"The Human Condition Before the Fall: Man as the Object of God’s Paternal and Providential Care","authors":"Marco Vanzini","doi":"10.12775/setf.2023.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/setf.2023.023","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines some theological reinterpretations of the dogma on the fall and the original condition of man before sin and formulates a proposal that, in accordance with St. Thomas Aquinas’ view, sees in man’s originally holy relationship (original holiness) with God the ‘context’ for the exercise of God’s providential and paternal care for man, which would have protected him from natural evils. It is then shown that the ‘physical-bodily normality’ of the progenitors in such a relational context accords well with both the current scientific understanding of the world and the fundamental theological reasons of dogma.","PeriodicalId":41706,"journal":{"name":"Scientia et Fides","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135293217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gradually, the multiverse hypothesis has been gaining popularity, not only in the scientific and academic sphere, but also in popular culture. This hypothesis, however, is not recent; Thomas Aquinas himself had to respond to a version of it. Although the problem is broad and must be approached in an interdisciplinary dialogue, the Thomistic approach is very interesting, since he accepts the plurality of worlds as something possible but denies that it is a possibility made real. His answer, which is the subject of this article, is an opportunity to think about our representation of God and his causal activity.
{"title":"Aquinas and the Multiverse. An Approach","authors":"Lucas Prieto","doi":"10.12775/setf.2023.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/setf.2023.022","url":null,"abstract":"Gradually, the multiverse hypothesis has been gaining popularity, not only in the scientific and academic sphere, but also in popular culture. This hypothesis, however, is not recent; Thomas Aquinas himself had to respond to a version of it. Although the problem is broad and must be approached in an interdisciplinary dialogue, the Thomistic approach is very interesting, since he accepts the plurality of worlds as something possible but denies that it is a possibility made real. His answer, which is the subject of this article, is an opportunity to think about our representation of God and his causal activity.","PeriodicalId":41706,"journal":{"name":"Scientia et Fides","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135292630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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