Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.18137/cardiometry.2023.29.conf.28
G. V. Zhukova, A. Shikhlyarova, E. Frantsiyants, I. Kaplieva, T. Gudtskova
It is known about numerous regulatory disorders in the body during the development of a malignant process. However, in this case, the natural mechanisms of the anti-tumor resistance remain poorly understood. The concepts on the systemic processes during the development of general nonspecific adaptational reactions of the body (AR): stress and anti-stress ARs, discovered by G. Selye and Russian scientists L.Kh. Garkavi, E.B. Kvakina and M.A. Ukolova, have contributed to the development of effective technologies for preventive and complementary therapy for the purposes of clinical oncology.
{"title":"SYSTEMIC MECHANISMS OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE NONSPECIFIC ADAPTATIONAL REACTIONS AND ANTI-TUMOR RESISTANCE","authors":"G. V. Zhukova, A. Shikhlyarova, E. Frantsiyants, I. Kaplieva, T. Gudtskova","doi":"10.18137/cardiometry.2023.29.conf.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18137/cardiometry.2023.29.conf.28","url":null,"abstract":"It is known about numerous regulatory disorders in the body during the development of a malignant process. However, in this case, the natural mechanisms of the anti-tumor resistance remain poorly understood. The concepts on the systemic processes during the development of general nonspecific adaptational reactions of the body (AR): stress and anti-stress ARs, discovered by G. Selye and Russian scientists L.Kh. Garkavi, E.B. Kvakina and M.A. Ukolova, have contributed to the development of effective technologies for preventive and complementary therapy for the purposes of clinical oncology.","PeriodicalId":41726,"journal":{"name":"Cardiometry","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139297618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.18137/cardiometry.2023.29.conf.17
A. A. Melnikova, L.Yu. Grivtsova
Cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocytes (CD8+ CTLs) are key effector cells, which recognize and kill tumor cells, and are therefore preferred targets for improved cancer immunotherapy. Aim: To investigate the role of dendritic cells (DCs) in the initiation of antigen-specific immunity in cancer immunotherapy.
细胞毒性 CD8+ T 淋巴细胞（CD8+ CTLs）是识别和杀伤肿瘤细胞的关键效应细胞，因此是改善癌症免疫疗法的首选靶点。目的：研究树突状细胞（DCs）在癌症免疫疗法中启动抗原特异性免疫的作用。
{"title":"DENDRITIC CELLS AND THEIR ROLE IN CANCER IMMUNOTHERAPY","authors":"A. A. Melnikova, L.Yu. Grivtsova","doi":"10.18137/cardiometry.2023.29.conf.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18137/cardiometry.2023.29.conf.17","url":null,"abstract":"Cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocytes (CD8+ CTLs) are key effector cells, which recognize and kill tumor cells, and are therefore preferred targets for improved cancer immunotherapy. Aim: To investigate the role of dendritic cells (DCs) in the initiation of antigen-specific immunity in cancer immunotherapy.","PeriodicalId":41726,"journal":{"name":"Cardiometry","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139300382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-25DOI: 10.18137/cardiometry.2023.28.4852
Ariana Ali, N. I. Abdul-Zahra, D. A. Kadhim
The study has been conducted in Animal House/Faculty of Sciences/University of Kufa between December 2022 and February 2022, fifteen female Albino Rats are used. Gentamicin is aminoglycoside antibiotics widely used during pregnancy for treatment the infections. The present study has been intended to show Alfa Feto Protein parameter in serum and the histological effects of gentamicin on pups liver by SEM in female Albino Rats. The females Rats are randomly divided into three main groups, comprising five rats for each group .The control group is given inta peritoneal injection of physiological normal saline and the second and third group are given inta peritoneal injection of gentamicin doses twenty, forty mg/kg/day respectively for 20 days from the first day to the end of experimental allocated for each female.The rats are sacrificed in 20 th (dpc) to study the Alfa Feto Protein parameter in serum and histological effects of gentamicin on pups liver. The physiological study show negative results in all study groups due to absent of malformations in pups and present histological effects in external architecture structure of pups liver compare with control groups. In conclusion; aminoglycoside gentamicin caused histological effects on pupa liver and not absent of malformations in pups due to negative results of Alfa Feto Protein parameter.
{"title":"A study of Alfa Feto Protein parameter in Serum and Histological Effects of Pups Liver by SEM in Pregnant Rats Exposed to Overdose of Aminoglycoside antibiotics","authors":"Ariana Ali, N. I. Abdul-Zahra, D. A. Kadhim","doi":"10.18137/cardiometry.2023.28.4852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18137/cardiometry.2023.28.4852","url":null,"abstract":"The study has been conducted in Animal House/Faculty of Sciences/University of Kufa between December 2022 and February 2022, fifteen female Albino Rats are used. Gentamicin is aminoglycoside antibiotics widely used during pregnancy for treatment the infections. The present study has been intended to show Alfa Feto Protein parameter in serum and the histological effects of gentamicin on pups liver by SEM in female Albino Rats. The females Rats are randomly divided into three main groups, comprising five rats for each group .The control group is given inta peritoneal injection of physiological normal saline and the second and third group are given inta peritoneal injection of gentamicin doses twenty, forty mg/kg/day respectively for 20 days from the first day to the end of experimental allocated for each female.The rats are sacrificed in 20 th (dpc) to study the Alfa Feto Protein parameter in serum and histological effects of gentamicin on pups liver. The physiological study show negative results in all study groups due to absent of malformations in pups and present histological effects in external architecture structure of pups liver compare with control groups. In conclusion; aminoglycoside gentamicin caused histological effects on pupa liver and not absent of malformations in pups due to negative results of Alfa Feto Protein parameter.","PeriodicalId":41726,"journal":{"name":"Cardiometry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46603545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-25DOI: 10.18137/cardiometry.2023.28.1926
K.A. Arzumanyan, S. Levchenko, A.S. Bolvakh, E.E. Dyba, M.A Mesyan, A.D. Matyushenko
Neurogenic hyperprolactinemia is a rather rare clinical form of hyperprolactinemia, therefore, this pathology may escape the attention of clinicians. At the same time, a high level of prolactin in blood can result in severe metabolic disorders, infertility, decreased bone tissue density, obesity, increased insulin resistance, and poor lipid metabolism. If the disease is not diagnosed in time, it will lead not only to the significantly decreased health and life quality level, but can also contribute to the increased risk of breast cancer formation. The main reason for the development of neurogenic hyperprolactinemia can be various pathological processes in chest, spinal cord and mammary glands. The neurogenic mechanism is triggered by the activation of afferent impulses going to the posterior sections of the spinal cord. The main diagnostic tactics is the exclusion of the most common causes of hyperprolactinemia, identification of the pathological process in the thoracic region, and detection of high prolactin level in the blood serum. Taking the pathogenetic mechanism into account, the treatment of neurogenic hyperprolactinemia consists in eliminating the pathological focus and prescribing dopamine agonists. The purpose of this article is to define the main clinical features associated with the diagnosis and treatment of neurogenic hyperprolactinemia.
{"title":"Neurogenic Hyperprolactinemia","authors":"K.A. Arzumanyan, S. Levchenko, A.S. Bolvakh, E.E. Dyba, M.A Mesyan, A.D. Matyushenko","doi":"10.18137/cardiometry.2023.28.1926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18137/cardiometry.2023.28.1926","url":null,"abstract":"Neurogenic hyperprolactinemia is a rather rare clinical form of hyperprolactinemia, therefore, this pathology may escape the attention of clinicians. At the same time, a high level of prolactin in blood can result in severe metabolic disorders, infertility, decreased bone tissue density, obesity, increased insulin resistance, and poor lipid metabolism. If the disease is not diagnosed in time, it will lead not only to the significantly decreased health and life quality level, but can also contribute to the increased risk of breast cancer formation. The main reason for the development of neurogenic hyperprolactinemia can be various pathological processes in chest, spinal cord and mammary glands. The neurogenic mechanism is triggered by the activation of afferent impulses going to the posterior sections of the spinal cord. The main diagnostic tactics is the exclusion of the most common causes of hyperprolactinemia, identification of the pathological process in the thoracic region, and detection of high prolactin level in the blood serum. Taking the pathogenetic mechanism into account, the treatment of neurogenic hyperprolactinemia consists in eliminating the pathological focus and prescribing dopamine agonists. The purpose of this article is to define the main clinical features associated with the diagnosis and treatment of neurogenic hyperprolactinemia.","PeriodicalId":41726,"journal":{"name":"Cardiometry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48911552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-25DOI: 10.18137/cardiometry.2023.28.3442
A. E. Abdellatif, M. Alassal, R. Haq, M. Abdelsabour
Background: Pediatric heart surgery, particularly for cyanotic congenital heart conditions, commonly requires the utilization of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) to assist with surgical interventions. The choice of priming solution for the CPB circuit can influence postoperative outcomes. This study aimed to assess the impact of two different priming solutions, Plasmalyte and Ringer's Lactate, on postoperative outcomes, blood biochemistry, pulmonary and renal function, bleeding, and hemostasis in children undergoing open cardiac surgery with CPB. Methods: This randomized prospective study was conducted on 80 pediatric patients aged 1 to 10 years, undergoing elective cardiac surgery with CPB. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either Plasmalyte (Group A) or Ringer's Lactate (Group B) as their CPB circuit priming solution. Standardized protocols for anesthesia, CPB circuit components, and surgical techniques were maintained. Postoperative parameters including blood chemistry, perfusion indicators, and physiological measurements were recorded and analyzed. Results: After CPB initiation, lactate levels were significantly higher in Group B (Ringer's Lactate) compared to Group A (Plasmalyte) (P-value <0.001). Calcium levels also showed a significant difference between the two groups (P-value <0.001). Postoperative lactate levels remained higher in Group B (P-value <0.001), while bicarbonate, calcium, urine output, urea, and creatinine levels at 6th hour postoperatively were statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusions: Priming the CPB circuit with Plasmalyte may be associated with favorable outcomes in terms of lactate and calcium levels compared to Ringer Lactate in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
{"title":"Plasmalyte and Ringer Lactate as Priming Solutions in Pediatric Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Comparative Study","authors":"A. E. Abdellatif, M. Alassal, R. Haq, M. Abdelsabour","doi":"10.18137/cardiometry.2023.28.3442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18137/cardiometry.2023.28.3442","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pediatric heart surgery, particularly for cyanotic congenital heart conditions, commonly requires the utilization of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) to assist with surgical interventions. The choice of priming solution for the CPB circuit can influence postoperative outcomes. This study aimed to assess the impact of two different priming solutions, Plasmalyte and Ringer's Lactate, on postoperative outcomes, blood biochemistry, pulmonary and renal function, bleeding, and hemostasis in children undergoing open cardiac surgery with CPB. Methods: This randomized prospective study was conducted on 80 pediatric patients aged 1 to 10 years, undergoing elective cardiac surgery with CPB. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either Plasmalyte (Group A) or Ringer's Lactate (Group B) as their CPB circuit priming solution. Standardized protocols for anesthesia, CPB circuit components, and surgical techniques were maintained. Postoperative parameters including blood chemistry, perfusion indicators, and physiological measurements were recorded and analyzed. Results: After CPB initiation, lactate levels were significantly higher in Group B (Ringer's Lactate) compared to Group A (Plasmalyte) (P-value <0.001). Calcium levels also showed a significant difference between the two groups (P-value <0.001). Postoperative lactate levels remained higher in Group B (P-value <0.001), while bicarbonate, calcium, urine output, urea, and creatinine levels at 6th hour postoperatively were statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusions: Priming the CPB circuit with Plasmalyte may be associated with favorable outcomes in terms of lactate and calcium levels compared to Ringer Lactate in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery.","PeriodicalId":41726,"journal":{"name":"Cardiometry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46737256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-25DOI: 10.18137/cardiometry.2023.28.912
M. Rudenko
A brief comparative clinical analysis of the cardiometric method, thermodilution and the Fick method is presented below herein. It is shown that the cardiometric method makes it possible to obtain the values of a complete set of hemodynamic parameters in each cardiac cycle with recording as many cardiac cycles as required, monitor the state of the patient’s cardiovascular system in real time and obtain information about the dynamics of changes in its performance under the influence of external and internal impacts. It allows not only obtaining numerical values of hemodynamic parameters, but also qualitatively assessing the main functions of the cardiovascular system performance.
{"title":"Comparative clinical analysis of the cardiometric method, the thermodilution and the Fick method","authors":"M. Rudenko","doi":"10.18137/cardiometry.2023.28.912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18137/cardiometry.2023.28.912","url":null,"abstract":"A brief comparative clinical analysis of the cardiometric method, thermodilution and the Fick method is presented below herein. It is shown that the cardiometric method makes it possible to obtain the values of a complete set of hemodynamic parameters in each cardiac cycle with recording as many cardiac cycles as required, monitor the state of the patient’s cardiovascular system in real time and obtain information about the dynamics of changes in its performance under the influence of external and internal impacts. It allows not only obtaining numerical values of hemodynamic parameters, but also qualitatively assessing the main functions of the cardiovascular system performance.","PeriodicalId":41726,"journal":{"name":"Cardiometry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49170962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-25DOI: 10.18137/cardiometry.2023.28.2733
W.A.E. Makled, Enas Elmeligy, M. Abdelmoneum
Background: Patients who exhibit signs and indicators of heart failure (HF) but usual or near to ordinary left ventricular ejection fraction are said to have HFpEF, which is an abbreviation for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Our goal was to assess the role that 2D-STE plays in the identification of RV dysfunction in HFpEF patients. Methods: Benha Teaching and Benha University Hospitals were both involved in the research for this study. It was carried out on a total of 100 individuals, each of whom was randomly assigned to one of two groups: group I involving 50 patients diagnosed with HFpEF. The patients who acted as control group were compared to another set of fifty healthy individuals who were the same age and gender. Result: No substantial changes were reported between both groups concerning Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), right ventricular diameter (RVD) (mid, basal, longitudinal) (P = 0.473), and right ventricular fractional area change (RVFAC) (P = 0.12). Conclusion: Patients with HFpEF who have features that are detected by 2D-STE have a much higher risk of experiencing a negative outcome. This is in contrast to the results of traditional 2D echocardiography. These results provide credence to the idea that RV 2D-STE might be used to identify individuals with HFpEF who are at a greater risk for unfavorable cardiac events.
{"title":"Role of Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in Assessment of Right Ventricular Function in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction","authors":"W.A.E. Makled, Enas Elmeligy, M. Abdelmoneum","doi":"10.18137/cardiometry.2023.28.2733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18137/cardiometry.2023.28.2733","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Patients who exhibit signs and indicators of heart failure (HF) but usual or near to ordinary left ventricular ejection fraction are said to have HFpEF, which is an abbreviation for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Our goal was to assess the role that 2D-STE plays in the identification of RV dysfunction in HFpEF patients. Methods: Benha Teaching and Benha University Hospitals were both involved in the research for this study. It was carried out on a total of 100 individuals, each of whom was randomly assigned to one of two groups: group I involving 50 patients diagnosed with HFpEF. The patients who acted as control group were compared to another set of fifty healthy individuals who were the same age and gender. Result: No substantial changes were reported between both groups concerning Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), right ventricular diameter (RVD) (mid, basal, longitudinal) (P = 0.473), and right ventricular fractional area change (RVFAC) (P = 0.12). Conclusion: Patients with HFpEF who have features that are detected by 2D-STE have a much higher risk of experiencing a negative outcome. This is in contrast to the results of traditional 2D echocardiography. These results provide credence to the idea that RV 2D-STE might be used to identify individuals with HFpEF who are at a greater risk for unfavorable cardiac events.","PeriodicalId":41726,"journal":{"name":"Cardiometry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42787222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-25DOI: 10.18137/cardiometry.2023.28.1318
A. S. Ognev
The article presents experimental results indicating the high efficiency of using in instrumental cognitive science some sand patterns on light tablets, created by respondents as illustrations of their problems, and possible ways to solve them. It is shown that the creation of such stimuli is less labor-intensive compared to the use of other types of multimodal game modeling for the same purposes, and it is noted that this procedure causes less resistance by respondents to the upcoming instrumental diagnostics and may well serve as an operational means for conducting large-scale studies of cognitive processes, during which the subjects will have to set semantic priorities and make vital decisions.
{"title":"New possibilities of combining multimodal game modeling and cardiometric detection in instrumental cognitive science","authors":"A. S. Ognev","doi":"10.18137/cardiometry.2023.28.1318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18137/cardiometry.2023.28.1318","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents experimental results indicating the high efficiency of using in instrumental cognitive science some sand patterns on light tablets, created by respondents as illustrations of their problems, and possible ways to solve them. It is shown that the creation of such stimuli is less labor-intensive compared to the use of other types of multimodal game modeling for the same purposes, and it is noted that this procedure causes less resistance by respondents to the upcoming instrumental diagnostics and may well serve as an operational means for conducting large-scale studies of cognitive processes, during which the subjects will have to set semantic priorities and make vital decisions.","PeriodicalId":41726,"journal":{"name":"Cardiometry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41931342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-25DOI: 10.18137/cardiometry.2023.28.4347
M. Gulzada, A. A. Mirjat, A. Razzaq, S. Mahmood, N. Mahmood, I. Batool, M. Chang, R. Ramji
The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is a widely used clinical tool for objectively measuring impaired consciousness in various acute medical and trauma conditions. This study aimed to explore the significance of assessing GCS knowledge among nurses. The research was conducted at PNS Shifa Hospital Karachi, situated in DHA Phase-II near Korangi Road Karachi, which provides training courses for medical professionals in the Pakistan Navy. The study employed a quantitative, descriptive cross-sectional design. The findings of this study revealed that among the nurses at PNS Shifa Hospital, 63.33% possessed a high level of knowledge regarding GCS, while 35% had a moderate level, and only 1.67% had a low level of knowledge. Additionally, the study identified that nursing students at PNS Shifa Hospital exhibited varying levels of GCS knowledge, with up to 50% having a low level, 60 to 80% having a moderate level, and 80 to 100% demonstrating a high level of understanding. Furthermore, the study included demographic data indicating that out of the total participants, 20 were male and 40 were female nurses. In terms of age distribution, 40 nurses fell within the 20-25 years age group, while 20 nurses were between 26-30 years old. Moreover, the educational qualifications of the participants included 25 nurses with a General Nursing (GN) diploma, 2 with an advanced diploma after GN, and 38 with a Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN)/Post Navy and Allied Navies. This study highlights the importance of assessing GCS knowledge among nurses in the clinical setting. The findings underscore the need for targeted educational interventions to improve the understanding and application of the GCS scoring system, which serves as a crucial tool for decision-making and triage in assessing compromised consciousness levels.
{"title":"An Evaluation of Glasgow Coma Scale Knowledge Among ICU Nurses in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Karachi, Pakistan: A Quantitative Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"M. Gulzada, A. A. Mirjat, A. Razzaq, S. Mahmood, N. Mahmood, I. Batool, M. Chang, R. Ramji","doi":"10.18137/cardiometry.2023.28.4347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18137/cardiometry.2023.28.4347","url":null,"abstract":"The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is a widely used clinical tool for objectively measuring impaired consciousness in various acute medical and trauma conditions. This study aimed to explore the significance of assessing GCS knowledge among nurses. The research was conducted at PNS Shifa Hospital Karachi, situated in DHA Phase-II near Korangi Road Karachi, which provides training courses for medical professionals in the Pakistan Navy. The study employed a quantitative, descriptive cross-sectional design. The findings of this study revealed that among the nurses at PNS Shifa Hospital, 63.33% possessed a high level of knowledge regarding GCS, while 35% had a moderate level, and only 1.67% had a low level of knowledge. Additionally, the study identified that nursing students at PNS Shifa Hospital exhibited varying levels of GCS knowledge, with up to 50% having a low level, 60 to 80% having a moderate level, and 80 to 100% demonstrating a high level of understanding. Furthermore, the study included demographic data indicating that out of the total participants, 20 were male and 40 were female nurses. In terms of age distribution, 40 nurses fell within the 20-25 years age group, while 20 nurses were between 26-30 years old. Moreover, the educational qualifications of the participants included 25 nurses with a General Nursing (GN) diploma, 2 with an advanced diploma after GN, and 38 with a Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN)/Post Navy and Allied Navies. This study highlights the importance of assessing GCS knowledge among nurses in the clinical setting. The findings underscore the need for targeted educational interventions to improve the understanding and application of the GCS scoring system, which serves as a crucial tool for decision-making and triage in assessing compromised consciousness levels.","PeriodicalId":41726,"journal":{"name":"Cardiometry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45057624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.18137/cardiometry.2023.27.171180
M. Abdelmoneum, O. S. Arafa, Oubibi Mohamed, Ebtssam Mohamed, H. Allam
Background: Predictors of Suboptimal reperfusion are still unclear. Aim: This study aimed to determine the factors that may indicate suboptimal reperfusion and short-term mortality in patients who were diagnosed with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI). Patients and methods: This multicenter prospective comparative study, conducted at Benha University hospitals and National Heart Institute, included 400 patients (age<18 years and both sex) with acute STEMI, who were treated with PPCI. They were divided equally into 2 groups; suboptimal and optimal reperfusion groups (TIMI < III Vs.TIMI III respectively). Clinical data was collected. ECG, laboratory investigations, echocardiographic study, PPCI and 6 months follow up were done to all patients included. Results: This study showed that advanced age (60.4±8.2), family history of CAD, dyslipidemia, being diabetic, prolonged Pain to PCI time, higher random blood sugar (RBG) at the time of presentation, Killip class >1, heavy thrombus burden, prediltation, multiple stents insertion and longer stent length are predictors of the SOR after PPCI. While, Patients on long term beta blockers (BB) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) are less likely to develop SOR. Furthermore, patients with SOR are more likely to develop in-hospital arrhythmias, heart failure, acute mitral regurge and inhospital mortality. Additionally, it increases 6-months risk of reischemia and mortality. Conclusions: Predicting the occurrence of no-reflow following pPCI can be achieved by considering various factors, such as clinical data, laboratory results, angiographic features, and procedural characteristics. Heavy thrombus burden, prediltation, dyslipidemia, longer stent length, pain to PCI time and RBG >300 (mg/dL) at the time of presentation were found to be the most predictable variables to SOR. Long term use of BB and ACEI were found to be significant independent factors that decreased the likelihood of TIMI9h were considered the most predictable variables to mortality in no reflow.
{"title":"Predictors of Suboptimal Reperfusion and Short Term Mortality in Patients Presented With Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Treated With Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention","authors":"M. Abdelmoneum, O. S. Arafa, Oubibi Mohamed, Ebtssam Mohamed, H. Allam","doi":"10.18137/cardiometry.2023.27.171180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18137/cardiometry.2023.27.171180","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Predictors of Suboptimal reperfusion are still unclear. Aim: This study aimed to determine the factors that may indicate suboptimal reperfusion and short-term mortality in patients who were diagnosed with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI). Patients and methods: This multicenter prospective comparative study, conducted at Benha University hospitals and National Heart Institute, included 400 patients (age<18 years and both sex) with acute STEMI, who were treated with PPCI. They were divided equally into 2 groups; suboptimal and optimal reperfusion groups (TIMI < III Vs.TIMI III respectively). Clinical data was collected. ECG, laboratory investigations, echocardiographic study, PPCI and 6 months follow up were done to all patients included. Results: This study showed that advanced age (60.4±8.2), family history of CAD, dyslipidemia, being diabetic, prolonged Pain to PCI time, higher random blood sugar (RBG) at the time of presentation, Killip class >1, heavy thrombus burden, prediltation, multiple stents insertion and longer stent length are predictors of the SOR after PPCI. While, Patients on long term beta blockers (BB) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) are less likely to develop SOR. Furthermore, patients with SOR are more likely to develop in-hospital arrhythmias, heart failure, acute mitral regurge and inhospital mortality. Additionally, it increases 6-months risk of reischemia and mortality. Conclusions: Predicting the occurrence of no-reflow following pPCI can be achieved by considering various factors, such as clinical data, laboratory results, angiographic features, and procedural characteristics. Heavy thrombus burden, prediltation, dyslipidemia, longer stent length, pain to PCI time and RBG >300 (mg/dL) at the time of presentation were found to be the most predictable variables to SOR. Long term use of BB and ACEI were found to be significant independent factors that decreased the likelihood of TIMI9h were considered the most predictable variables to mortality in no reflow.","PeriodicalId":41726,"journal":{"name":"Cardiometry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45960259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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