Pub Date : 2010-10-01DOI: 10.1109/MCOM.2010.5594692
T. Egyedi, M. Sherif
The inherent need for stable standards is difficult to reconcile with the ITU aim to develop state-of-the-art standards, and combine standardization with innovation. Standards' change is then inevitable; the consequence is that it increases transaction costs and calls prior interoperability into question. In this paper we analyze the problem of standards change as a feature of innovation. We want to understand the role that standards' dynamics plays in processes associated with committee when the specifications and technologies co-evolve. To perform this study, we consider disruptions in the technology and/or the value chain simultaneously to classify innovations into four types. By identifying the type of innovation at hand, the innovation-specific issues of standards change that are likely to occur can be singled out. Tools can be devised to assist the various stakeholders in making their decisions. We illustrate this with the case of standards for the next generation Ethernet networks.
{"title":"Standards’ dynamics through an innovation lens: Next generation ethernet networks","authors":"T. Egyedi, M. Sherif","doi":"10.1109/MCOM.2010.5594692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MCOM.2010.5594692","url":null,"abstract":"The inherent need for stable standards is difficult to reconcile with the ITU aim to develop state-of-the-art standards, and combine standardization with innovation. Standards' change is then inevitable; the consequence is that it increases transaction costs and calls prior interoperability into question. In this paper we analyze the problem of standards change as a feature of innovation. We want to understand the role that standards' dynamics plays in processes associated with committee when the specifications and technologies co-evolve. To perform this study, we consider disruptions in the technology and/or the value chain simultaneously to classify innovations into four types. By identifying the type of innovation at hand, the innovation-specific issues of standards change that are likely to occur can be singled out. Tools can be devised to assist the various stakeholders in making their decisions. We illustrate this with the case of standards for the next generation Ethernet networks.","PeriodicalId":417810,"journal":{"name":"2008 First ITU-T Kaleidoscope Academic Conference - Innovations in NGN: Future Network and Services","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114274805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-05-01DOI: 10.1109/MCOM.2009.4939283
Y. Murata, M. Hasegawa, H. Murakami, H. Harada, S. Kato
The mobile communication market has grown rapidly over the past 10 years, but the market may reach saturation in the foreseeable future. More flexible mobile networks able to meet various user demands and create new market openings are needed for further growth. Heterogeneous networks are more suitable than homogeneous networks for meeting a wide variety of user demands. There are two types of heterogeneous network: a closed-type whose network resources are deployed and operated by communication carriers, and an open-type whose network resources would be deployed not only by existing operators but also by companies, universities and so on. It will be easy for newcomers to enter mobile businesses in an open heterogeneous mobile network, so many innovative services are likely to be provided through cooperation between various companies or organizations. This paper proposes revised architectures for TISPAN-NGN which corresponds to heterogeneous networks and open mobile markets, and presents new business models.
{"title":"Architecture and business model of open heterogeneous mobile network","authors":"Y. Murata, M. Hasegawa, H. Murakami, H. Harada, S. Kato","doi":"10.1109/MCOM.2009.4939283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MCOM.2009.4939283","url":null,"abstract":"The mobile communication market has grown rapidly over the past 10 years, but the market may reach saturation in the foreseeable future. More flexible mobile networks able to meet various user demands and create new market openings are needed for further growth. Heterogeneous networks are more suitable than homogeneous networks for meeting a wide variety of user demands. There are two types of heterogeneous network: a closed-type whose network resources are deployed and operated by communication carriers, and an open-type whose network resources would be deployed not only by existing operators but also by companies, universities and so on. It will be easy for newcomers to enter mobile businesses in an open heterogeneous mobile network, so many innovative services are likely to be provided through cooperation between various companies or organizations. This paper proposes revised architectures for TISPAN-NGN which corresponds to heterogeneous networks and open mobile markets, and presents new business models.","PeriodicalId":417810,"journal":{"name":"2008 First ITU-T Kaleidoscope Academic Conference - Innovations in NGN: Future Network and Services","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114462967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-05-12DOI: 10.1109/KINGN.2008.4542273
C. Sato
This paper analyzes how innovation in services is being organised in the telecommunication industry after the bubble burst in the beginning of the 2000's and how BT is applying the concept of 'open innovation' in order to sustain its competitiveness. The IP (Internet Protocol) has become an unprecedented agreement in the telecommunications industry for the transformation of its traditional PSTN (Public Switched Telecommunications Network) infrastructure. While this infrastructure transformation is under way, another huge challenge is service innovation: to change the way the traditional telecommunications operators create, integrate and deliver new services. Initial findings suggest that incumbent telecommunications firms will be increasingly extracting value from platform and software sharing, exposing its 'capabilities' to third parties and developing business models to interoperate with other companies. Thus, the ability to expose their capabilities in services, not to hide them, will be determinant of its success. And, in this context, the concept of open innovation and value innovation also find a fertile ground to be applied in services in the communication industry. Important dynamic capabilities identified in this context are strategic planning, project management, new product/service development (especially software development), supported by systems integration.
{"title":"Organising innovation in services: The case of telecommunications next generation networks (NGN)","authors":"C. Sato","doi":"10.1109/KINGN.2008.4542273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/KINGN.2008.4542273","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes how innovation in services is being organised in the telecommunication industry after the bubble burst in the beginning of the 2000's and how BT is applying the concept of 'open innovation' in order to sustain its competitiveness. The IP (Internet Protocol) has become an unprecedented agreement in the telecommunications industry for the transformation of its traditional PSTN (Public Switched Telecommunications Network) infrastructure. While this infrastructure transformation is under way, another huge challenge is service innovation: to change the way the traditional telecommunications operators create, integrate and deliver new services. Initial findings suggest that incumbent telecommunications firms will be increasingly extracting value from platform and software sharing, exposing its 'capabilities' to third parties and developing business models to interoperate with other companies. Thus, the ability to expose their capabilities in services, not to hide them, will be determinant of its success. And, in this context, the concept of open innovation and value innovation also find a fertile ground to be applied in services in the communication industry. Important dynamic capabilities identified in this context are strategic planning, project management, new product/service development (especially software development), supported by systems integration.","PeriodicalId":417810,"journal":{"name":"2008 First ITU-T Kaleidoscope Academic Conference - Innovations in NGN: Future Network and Services","volume":"412 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124391263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-05-12DOI: 10.1109/KINGN.2008.4542293
P. Excell
Evolving consumer needs and desires for rich media services are explored from the point of view of three sources of insight: reluctant/disabled adopters, mobile services and the Kurzweil singularity. While it may be too facile to talk of "convergence" as a unified objective, the growth of synergy, flexibility and of similar services within competing offerings means that the challenge of utilisation of the uplink channel, characterised as a decrease in "asymmetricity" should be a focal point for attention. It is argued that: 1. There is a large unaddressed potential market for variable-interactivity media: 2. Mobile television is likely to be a completely new paradigm, also supporting the variable-interactivity concept and 3. The world post-singularity is likely to be radically changed and this is now so close that active efforts to plan for it are needed. All of these observations require common standards to facilitate solutions.
{"title":"New media for new paradigms","authors":"P. Excell","doi":"10.1109/KINGN.2008.4542293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/KINGN.2008.4542293","url":null,"abstract":"Evolving consumer needs and desires for rich media services are explored from the point of view of three sources of insight: reluctant/disabled adopters, mobile services and the Kurzweil singularity. While it may be too facile to talk of \"convergence\" as a unified objective, the growth of synergy, flexibility and of similar services within competing offerings means that the challenge of utilisation of the uplink channel, characterised as a decrease in \"asymmetricity\" should be a focal point for attention. It is argued that: 1. There is a large unaddressed potential market for variable-interactivity media: 2. Mobile television is likely to be a completely new paradigm, also supporting the variable-interactivity concept and 3. The world post-singularity is likely to be radically changed and this is now so close that active efforts to plan for it are needed. All of these observations require common standards to facilitate solutions.","PeriodicalId":417810,"journal":{"name":"2008 First ITU-T Kaleidoscope Academic Conference - Innovations in NGN: Future Network and Services","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114572360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-05-12DOI: 10.1109/KINGN.2008.4542284
R. Phan, Jean-Philippe Aumasson
New generation networks (NGNs) deployed in the next fire to ten years will integrate a myriad of underlying network technologies into a common internet protocol (IP) backbone. We put forward two theses on how NGNs will evolve based on recent trends in increasing ubiquity and the need for increased security. We assert that NGNs will be increasingly human- aided and privacy-driven. We discuss how these points are inter-related, and then we culminate this paper with a model that allows formal analysis of network privacy, including the tracing of entities.
{"title":"Next generation networks: Human-aided and privacy-driven","authors":"R. Phan, Jean-Philippe Aumasson","doi":"10.1109/KINGN.2008.4542284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/KINGN.2008.4542284","url":null,"abstract":"New generation networks (NGNs) deployed in the next fire to ten years will integrate a myriad of underlying network technologies into a common internet protocol (IP) backbone. We put forward two theses on how NGNs will evolve based on recent trends in increasing ubiquity and the need for increased security. We assert that NGNs will be increasingly human- aided and privacy-driven. We discuss how these points are inter-related, and then we culminate this paper with a model that allows formal analysis of network privacy, including the tracing of entities.","PeriodicalId":417810,"journal":{"name":"2008 First ITU-T Kaleidoscope Academic Conference - Innovations in NGN: Future Network and Services","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128777051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-05-12DOI: 10.1109/KINGN.2008.4542251
Hiroki Endo, Y. Kawahara, T. Asami
We have proposed a distributed storage system based on self-encryption scheme for the purpose of protecting private information stored in mobile handsets. We define self- encryption scheme as an encryption scheme whose encryption key is generated from the information contained in the target file itself. In our proposed system, the information is split into two pieces and one of them is stored in a local storage of a mobile handset and the other is uploaded to a network storage, and they are encrypted respectively. In this paper, we construct a user-based private storage system with the authentication and the secure path that IMS provides. To relax the load of mobile handsets, not the mobile handset but the network server encrypts an uploaded plaintext file into s distributed data using self-encryption scheme. Sharing a storage infrastructure based on P2P overlay network with other users, the intruder cannot get all the distributed data only by hacking a single server. Moreover, if the data for uploading is already stored by other user, physical upload procedure is omitted, thus reducing the uploading time. IMS providing index application server, a supernode P2P net work storage provides efficient look-up with fault-resilience and high scalability.
{"title":"A self-encryption based private storage system over P2P distributed file sharing infrastructure","authors":"Hiroki Endo, Y. Kawahara, T. Asami","doi":"10.1109/KINGN.2008.4542251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/KINGN.2008.4542251","url":null,"abstract":"We have proposed a distributed storage system based on self-encryption scheme for the purpose of protecting private information stored in mobile handsets. We define self- encryption scheme as an encryption scheme whose encryption key is generated from the information contained in the target file itself. In our proposed system, the information is split into two pieces and one of them is stored in a local storage of a mobile handset and the other is uploaded to a network storage, and they are encrypted respectively. In this paper, we construct a user-based private storage system with the authentication and the secure path that IMS provides. To relax the load of mobile handsets, not the mobile handset but the network server encrypts an uploaded plaintext file into s distributed data using self-encryption scheme. Sharing a storage infrastructure based on P2P overlay network with other users, the intruder cannot get all the distributed data only by hacking a single server. Moreover, if the data for uploading is already stored by other user, physical upload procedure is omitted, thus reducing the uploading time. IMS providing index application server, a supernode P2P net work storage provides efficient look-up with fault-resilience and high scalability.","PeriodicalId":417810,"journal":{"name":"2008 First ITU-T Kaleidoscope Academic Conference - Innovations in NGN: Future Network and Services","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116477300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-05-12DOI: 10.1109/KINGN.2008.4542242
T. Aoyama
This paper discusses requirements and several research activities of new generation networks (NWGN) coming after next generation network (NGN) currently driven by ITU-T. The detailed research profiles of Japanese governmental projects such as AKAR1 project are introduced with possible future applications. Photonic technology has been applied for high speed communications, possible high speed communication services are also investigated in this paper. This paper addresses that photonic technology is also important for energy reduction of these services, which is one of the keenest issues in the world for the next decade. Among other concerns to increase power consumption of communication services, network appliances and sensors are not negligible because of their number and the penetration rate in ubiquitous or pervasive network services. This paper also introduces the maximum power consumption of these sensor devices required for keeping sustainable services.
{"title":"A new generation network — beyond NGN —","authors":"T. Aoyama","doi":"10.1109/KINGN.2008.4542242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/KINGN.2008.4542242","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses requirements and several research activities of new generation networks (NWGN) coming after next generation network (NGN) currently driven by ITU-T. The detailed research profiles of Japanese governmental projects such as AKAR1 project are introduced with possible future applications. Photonic technology has been applied for high speed communications, possible high speed communication services are also investigated in this paper. This paper addresses that photonic technology is also important for energy reduction of these services, which is one of the keenest issues in the world for the next decade. Among other concerns to increase power consumption of communication services, network appliances and sensors are not negligible because of their number and the penetration rate in ubiquitous or pervasive network services. This paper also introduces the maximum power consumption of these sensor devices required for keeping sustainable services.","PeriodicalId":417810,"journal":{"name":"2008 First ITU-T Kaleidoscope Academic Conference - Innovations in NGN: Future Network and Services","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121460733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-05-12DOI: 10.1109/KINGN.2008.4542252
Ye Kyaw Thu, O. Phavy, Y. Urano
In the next generation network (NGN), various kinds of advanced smart mobile terminals will be used for various communication services. We believe that text typing on small mobile devices will become more popular than it is today and also necessary for developing countries such as Myanmar (Burma), Cambodia and Bangladesh etc. In these countries, however, there is no proper or easy text input method for mobile devices yet. Positional gesture text input is a novel concept of text input for syllabic scripts like Myanmar, Khmer and Bangla languages. Text input of syllabic scripts poses a unique challenge because many syllabic characters are formed by combinations of consonants, dependent vowel signs, tones and subscript consonants etc. And thus, text input for syllabic scripts is still difficult even with PC keyboards. In this paper, we propose very simple gesture recognition for syllabic scripts text input based on their writing natures. It is accessible even for first time users and applicable for many mobile computing devices such as tablet PCs, mobile phones, PDAs and portable game players etc.
{"title":"Positional gesture for advanced smart terminals: Simple gesture text input for syllabic scripts like Myanmar, Khmer and Bangla","authors":"Ye Kyaw Thu, O. Phavy, Y. Urano","doi":"10.1109/KINGN.2008.4542252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/KINGN.2008.4542252","url":null,"abstract":"In the next generation network (NGN), various kinds of advanced smart mobile terminals will be used for various communication services. We believe that text typing on small mobile devices will become more popular than it is today and also necessary for developing countries such as Myanmar (Burma), Cambodia and Bangladesh etc. In these countries, however, there is no proper or easy text input method for mobile devices yet. Positional gesture text input is a novel concept of text input for syllabic scripts like Myanmar, Khmer and Bangla languages. Text input of syllabic scripts poses a unique challenge because many syllabic characters are formed by combinations of consonants, dependent vowel signs, tones and subscript consonants etc. And thus, text input for syllabic scripts is still difficult even with PC keyboards. In this paper, we propose very simple gesture recognition for syllabic scripts text input based on their writing natures. It is accessible even for first time users and applicable for many mobile computing devices such as tablet PCs, mobile phones, PDAs and portable game players etc.","PeriodicalId":417810,"journal":{"name":"2008 First ITU-T Kaleidoscope Academic Conference - Innovations in NGN: Future Network and Services","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125982370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-05-12DOI: 10.1109/KINGN.2008.4542294
H. Mineno, M. Yoshida, T. Mizuno
We investigate ways to reduce the delay when transferring media streams among networked media devices based on session initiation protocol (SIP) and its extensions. We assume that cellular phones act as control points (CPs) for media devices connected to home networks and call such networks "mobile personal area networks (mPANs) ". We propose a pre-negotiation scheme for SIP streaming mobility that enables a CP to quickly transfer media stream in an mPAN. Experimental results showed that the proposed scheme can achieve a signaling delay of less than 26 ms, which is 1/10th that of the previous scheme.
{"title":"Quick transfer of media stream in FMC environment","authors":"H. Mineno, M. Yoshida, T. Mizuno","doi":"10.1109/KINGN.2008.4542294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/KINGN.2008.4542294","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate ways to reduce the delay when transferring media streams among networked media devices based on session initiation protocol (SIP) and its extensions. We assume that cellular phones act as control points (CPs) for media devices connected to home networks and call such networks \"mobile personal area networks (mPANs) \". We propose a pre-negotiation scheme for SIP streaming mobility that enables a CP to quickly transfer media stream in an mPAN. Experimental results showed that the proposed scheme can achieve a signaling delay of less than 26 ms, which is 1/10th that of the previous scheme.","PeriodicalId":417810,"journal":{"name":"2008 First ITU-T Kaleidoscope Academic Conference - Innovations in NGN: Future Network and Services","volume":"94 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113963763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-05-12DOI: 10.1109/KINGN.2008.4542265
M. Kawashima, Shintaro Mizuno
We propose a method for broadband mobile VPN over NGN, which is suitable for office-LAN access by business users and home-LAN access by consumers. The proposed method creates a channel for VPN communication using SIP signaling, allowing the public network and enterprise networks to perform session-based border control and QoS management. In addition, the proposed method achieves the hand-over of a VPN session using the SIP mobility approach. These features lead to the following advantages. First, the network can protect users' home gateways from malicious traffic. Second, enterprises can separate VPN gateways from enterprise firewalls and distribute many VPN gateways for each small segment. Third, the network can perform session-based QoS management. Last, the proposed method enables the mobile terminal to continue a VPN session while switching access networks. These advantages are valuable when we make emerging highspeed LAN applications executable over a public wide-area network.
{"title":"Architecture for broadband and mobile VPN over NGN","authors":"M. Kawashima, Shintaro Mizuno","doi":"10.1109/KINGN.2008.4542265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/KINGN.2008.4542265","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a method for broadband mobile VPN over NGN, which is suitable for office-LAN access by business users and home-LAN access by consumers. The proposed method creates a channel for VPN communication using SIP signaling, allowing the public network and enterprise networks to perform session-based border control and QoS management. In addition, the proposed method achieves the hand-over of a VPN session using the SIP mobility approach. These features lead to the following advantages. First, the network can protect users' home gateways from malicious traffic. Second, enterprises can separate VPN gateways from enterprise firewalls and distribute many VPN gateways for each small segment. Third, the network can perform session-based QoS management. Last, the proposed method enables the mobile terminal to continue a VPN session while switching access networks. These advantages are valuable when we make emerging highspeed LAN applications executable over a public wide-area network.","PeriodicalId":417810,"journal":{"name":"2008 First ITU-T Kaleidoscope Academic Conference - Innovations in NGN: Future Network and Services","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134212430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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